Mesh marshalling yard

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Mesh marshalling yard
MAS 6704.JPG
Maschen Rbf
direction group north-south
Data
abbreviation AT THE
location
City / municipality Seevetal
Place / district Meshes
country Lower Saxony
Country Germany
Coordinates 53 ° 24 '17 "  N , 10 ° 3' 23"  E Coordinates: 53 ° 24 '17 "  N , 10 ° 3' 23"  E
Railway lines

110  direction tracks

Railway stations in Lower Saxony
i16 i16 i18

Maschen marshalling yard ( Maschen Rbf for short ) at Maschen south of Hamburg on the Hanover – Hamburg railway line is the largest marshalling yard in Europe and, after the Bailey Yard marshalling yard in the US state of Nebraska, the second largest marshalling yard in the world.

planning

Even before the First World War there were plans to redesign the Hamburg freight transport facilities. Among other things, the construction of a marshalling yard in Meckelfeld north of Maschen was planned, which was partially realized in the 1920s and mainly served to relieve the marshalling yards in Harburg and Wilhelmsburg . As a result of the Second World War, there was no further expansion of the Meckelfeld marshalling yard or the construction of the southern part of the Hamburg freight bypass line , which was to end in Meckelfeld.

In the 1960s there were five marshalling yards in Hamburg, all of which were more than 40 years old and their technical equipment was out of date. A total of 11,000 freight wagons were converted every day in Hamburg. Since the train formation was spread over several marshalling yards, 2,500 freight wagons had to be switched several times a day. Studies carried out at the end of the 1950s showed that building two new maneuvering systems for the north-south and south-north directions was more economical than modernizing the existing maneuvering systems. The area south of Harburg turned out to be the most favorable location for the new marshalling yard. The high costs of the new building and the additional burden on the north end of the Hamburg-Harburg station, where the lines to Cuxhaven and Hamburg branch out at the same level, were viewed as problematic . For this reason, it was planned to build a one-sided marshalling yard for the north-south direction in Maschen by 1966 , after which the two-sided marshalling yard in Wilhelmsburg was to be converted into a one-sided facility for the south-north direction.

After further research from 1968 onwards, a two-sided marshalling yard in Maschen was seen as the most economical solution. It was forecast that the maneuvering effort would almost be halved; In addition, the operating staff should be reduced by 382 people. The additional load on the Harburg train station was considered justifiable after the electrification of the lines and modernization of the signaling system.

The board of directors of the Deutsche Bundesbahn approved the construction of the marshalling yard in August 1969; the Federal Ministry of Transport approved the project in October 1969. The costs for the marshalling yard, including the necessary access routes, were predicted to be around DM 375 million  (price as of 1969).

construction

Maschen marshalling yard in 1977, Decatur bridge in the middle.

Construction of the Maschen marshalling yard began in June 1970. The building site on both sides of the Hamburg – Hanover railway line consisted of a one to four meter thick layer of peat , which was removed by flushing and replaced with sand. A total of three million cubic meters of peat and ten million cubic meters of sand were moved; three quarry ponds were created in the process , which are now used for local recreation. In order to clear the construction site, the Hamburg – Hanover railway line between Meckelfeld and Stelle was relocated to the east; this section of the route with the new Maschen stop went into operation on April 10, 1975.

In April 1972, a was new line of stitches after Jesteburg been opened, the the Ruhr leading Wanne-Eickel-Hamburg railway binds to the yard. The access route uses in the course between Jesteburg and Buchholz the railway line Buchholz-Lüneburg , the two tracks in this section expanded and electrified was. The route into the Ruhr area was given a third track between Buchholz and Rotenburg .

The Maschen marshalling yard went into operation gradually between May 1977 and October 1980; the official opening was on July 7, 1977. With the commissioning, five marshalling yards in the Hamburg metropolitan area lost part of their duties - Eidelstedt, Harburg, Rothenburgsort, Wilhelmsburg and the main freight yard ; some of them were downgraded to junction stations, which took over the further distribution of the freight cars. During the commissioning there were considerable start-up difficulties, so that the express freight train formation was relocated back to the Harburg marshalling yard for six months.

In 1996 the southern part of the Hamburg freight bypass, also known as the Hamburg-Harburg-Hamburg-Rothenburgsort line, went into operation in a simplified form. When planning for Maschen, an independent route to Hamburg-Billwerder across the southeast of the Elbe island was assumed.

Attachments and tasks

The marshalling yard takes up an area of ​​280 hectares (2.8 km²) with a length of 7,000 meters and a maximum width of 700 meters  . When it opened, the total track length was 300 kilometers; there were six signal boxes , 825  turnout units , 100  main signals , 115  pre- signaling and 688  shunting signals . As a two-sided marshalling yard, Maschen has two train formation facilities. In the north-south system, a direction group with 48 tracks and an approach group with 16 tracks were built; the south-north system was given a direction group with 64 tracks and an entry group with 17 tracks. Both systems are supplemented by storage and order groups. In addition, there is an eight-track wagon repair hall for repairing freight wagons and a depot for the maintenance of electric and diesel-powered freight locomotives with a double-track examination hall and numerous outdoor sidings. Two signal boxes are responsible for each system, the signal boxes for the order group were shut down again in 1983.

In 2002 a central disposition point replaced the disposition points that had previously been separate for each direction. In 2004, freight wagon maintenance was expanded to become a combined plant; She is currently also responsible for the maintenance of locomotives.

Maschen Rbf direction group
south-north with 64 direction tracks before the demolition to 48 tracks
Maschen Rbf direction group
north-south with 48 direction tracks

In order to achieve the target capacity of 11,000 freight wagons per day, Maschen received the most modern shunting technology available in the 1970s. The composition of incoming freight trains was now transmitted before they arrived in Maschen, so that the trains in the drive-in group did not have to be included previously. The data were used to create cutting lists, which were the working basis of the process control computer (ASR). The ASR radio controlled the shunting locomotives at the drainage mountains , specified the push-off speed, set the routes of the departing freight cars and controlled their speed with track brakes , including 26 bar brakes and 112 rubber track brakes. 112  Beidrückanlagen arranged the expired freight wagons within the direction tracks ready for coupling.

The Maschen marshalling yard takes on the formation of regional, national and international freight trains. In particular, it forms the hub for hinterland traffic for the seaports of Hamburg and Bremerhaven as well as for traffic to and from Scandinavia . DB Cargo Germany , Cargo Center Hamburg currently operates the facility.

Between 1977 and 2007 around 1.18 million trains with a total of 35.5 million wagons were formed and departed from the Maschen marshalling yard. In the 1980s, 75 trains per day were formed in the north-south system and 125 trains in the south-north system. The maximum number of outgoing cars was reached on December 11, 1985 with 8,400 cars. In the early 1990s the number was about 8,000; In 2009 there were 4,000 freight cars. Maschen has not yet achieved the planned figure of 11,000 freight wagons per day; One of the reasons given is the considerable increase in the length of freight wagons over the past 40 years.

The station is spanned by the 735 m long Decatur Bridge - named after the twin town of Seevetals Decatur (Illinois) ; it was built by the Federal Railroad as part of the establishment of the marshalling yard from 1972 to 1974, but in 1977 it was handed over to the Seevetal community, including a payment of 3.5 million DM for maintenance and any necessary new construction. The bridge is the main access to the marshalling yard and is ailing due to the so-called recalculation guidelines issued by the Federal Ministry of Transport ; In December 2016, the Seevetal municipality closed the bridge completely. After a negative decision by the Administrative Court of Lüneburg in the second instance by the Lower Saxony Higher Administrative Court, Deutsche Bahn AG obtained temporary legal protection under conditions at least for local traffic to the marshalling yard. The bridge is dilapidated, but the Seevetal municipality has used the compensation paid by the railway for its maintenance / replacement for other purposes.

Renewal and modernization

Since the now 30-year-old facilities were in need of renovation, the marshalling yard was renewed and partially rebuilt between 2009 and 2014. The modernized marshalling yard was officially put into operation on July 7, 2014. 120 km of track, 230 points, 200,000 sleepers and 200,000 m³ of ballast were replaced. The track brakes were also renewed. This should also correspond to the increasing importance of container traffic in seaports. In the course of the renovation, a side drainage mountain with short directional and follow-up tracks was given up in favor of longer directional tracks for the formation of long-distance trains. In addition, the direction groups have been reduced to 48 tracks in the north and 40 tracks in the south. Despite the lower number of tracks, the more modern shunting technology should enable a higher performance of the station. Entry and direction tracks and the associated points will be renewed in bundles and the process technology will be brought up to date with the latest technology while shunting operations are maintained. A total of 230 million euros have been invested for this.

The previous process system with braking was converted to a fixed running speed with subsequent pushing by means of a conveyor system and target braking. All brakes were replaced (2 uphill, 8 downhill and 88 directional track brakes). The double push system was also replaced. Brake testing systems were also installed in the direction tracks and the entry speed was increased from 40 to 60 km / h. 33 entry and 88 direction tracks have been renewed.

The first two construction phases with the track renewal of both drive-in groups have been completed. The third construction phase served to connect the new sequence control technology to the existing shunting systems. In the final construction phases, the tracks for the direction groups were rebuilt in bundles of eight tracks each.

literature

  • Deutsche Bundesbahn, Bundesbahndirektion Hamburg (ed.): The marshalling yard Maschen. Verlag Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1975 (with a site plan dated December 30, 1974 on a scale of 1: 5000).
  • Wolfgang Klee : Railways in Hamburg (= Railway Journal, Special Edition , No. 5, 1997). Merker, Fürstenfeldbruck 1997, ISBN 3-89610-020-3 .
  • Railion Deutschland AG (today DB Cargo Deutschland ), Cargo Center Hamburg-Maschen, planning, Hesse, December 2007.
  • Manfred Unbehagen : The large facilities for long-distance travel and freight transport in Hamburg. In: Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau , Volume 19, 1970, pp. 349-368.
  • Benno Wiesmüller , Dierk Lawrenz : The Hamburg marshalling yards and freight yards. EK-Verlag, Freiburg (Breisgau) 2009, ISBN 978-3-88255-303-1 .

Web links

Commons : Maschen marshalling yard  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wiesmüller, Lawrenz: The Hamburg marshalling yards and freight yards. P. 127.
  2. ↑ Wiesmüller, Lawrenz: The Hamburg marshalling yards and freight yards. P. 129 f.
  3. ↑ Uneasiness : The large systems of long-distance travel and goods traffic in Hamburg. P. 364.
  4. ↑ Uneasiness : The large systems of long-distance travel and goods traffic in Hamburg. P. 365 f.
  5. ↑ Uneasiness : The large systems of long-distance travel and goods traffic in Hamburg. P. 365.
  6. ↑ Uneasiness : The large systems of long-distance travel and goods traffic in Hamburg. P. 368.
  7. ↑ Wiesmüller, Lawrenz: The Hamburg marshalling yards and freight yards. P. 121.
  8. ↑ Wiesmüller, Lawrenz: The Hamburg marshalling yards and freight yards. P. 136.
  9. ↑ Figures from Wiesmüller, Lawrenz: The Hamburg marshalling yards and freight yards. P. 131 ff.
  10. ↑ Wiesmüller, Lawrenz: The Hamburg marshalling yards and freight yards. P. 132 ff.
  11. ↑ Figures from Wiesmüller, Lawrenz: The Hamburg marshalling yards and freight yards. P. 135 f.
  12. ↑ a b Lower Saxony Higher Administrative Court: For the time being no full closure of the Decatur Bridge . Press release. September 9, 2017 ( niedersachsen.de ).
  13. ↑ a b c Katja Bendig: Decatur Bridge can no longer be renovated / single-lane traffic . In: Kreiszeitung-wochenblatt.de . March 31, 2015 ( Kreiszeitung-wochenblatt.de [accessed October 5, 2017]).
  14. ↑ a b OVG Lüneburg, decision of September 7, 2017; 12 ME 249/16 ( rechtsprechung.niedersachsen.juris.de ).
  15. ↑ Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development (Road Construction Department): Guideline for the recalculation of existing road bridges (recalculation guideline) . June 11, 2011 ( Federal Roads Office [PDF; 2,3 MB ]).
  16. ↑ Logistics inside - the largest German marshalling yard near Hamburg is being modernized. ( Memento of the original from May 9, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.logistik-inside.de
  17. ↑ a b The railway engineer . tape 64 , 2014, p. 69 .
  18. ^ Benno Wiesmüller: Maschen modern; Europe's largest marshalling yard is being modernized. In: Eisenbahn-Magazin , issue 4/2011, ISSN  0342-1902 , p. 66 ff.
  19. ↑ More volume. In: DB Welt (employee newspaper), No. 10/2012, p. 8/9.