Hamburg-Finkenwerder

Finkenwerder ; district of Hamburg
Coordinates	53 ° 32 '5 " N , 9 ° 51' 33" E Coordinates: 53 ° 32 '5 " N , 9 ° 51' 33" E
height	8 m above sea level NHN
surface	19.3 km²
Residents	11,754 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density	609 inhabitants / km²
Post Code	21129
prefix	040
district	Hamburg-center
Transport links
bus	146, 150, 251, 4717, X40
	Source: Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein

Finkenwerder (spelling of the northern, Hamburg part until 1937 Finkenwärder , Low German Finkwarder or Finkenwarder - literally "Finkeninsel") is a former Elbe island and today a district in the Hamburg-Mitte district of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg .

geography

location

Finkenwerder is located on the south bank of the Lower Elbe . The communities to the southwest, beyond the Mühlenberger Loch , belong to the Altes Land .

A considerable part of the peninsula is taken up by the Airbus factory premises with the Hamburg-Finkenwerder airport , and the headquarters of Airbus Operations GmbH are also located here .

Neighboring districts and communities

Finkenwerder is bordered to the east by the Waltershof district , which is also part of the Hamburg-Mitte district and is geographically separated from Finkenwerder by the Köhlfleet and the Dradenauhafen . Four districts in the Harburg district border south of Finkenwerder: Altenwerder behind the Aue , Francop and Neuenfelde on the other side of the Alte Süderelbe and Cranz at the western end of the Mühlenberger Loch. There Finkenwerder has a western border within the Elbe with the Lower Saxony municipality of Jork in the Stade district . To the north of Finkenwerder border the districts of Blankenese , Nienstedten and Othmarschen across the Elbe in the Altona district .

City structure

Until 1937 the island on Landscheideweg was divided into a northern Hamburg and a southern Prussian part.

To differentiate, the Hamburg part - like all Hamburg Elbe islands - was written with a umlaut, i.e. Finkenwärder , the southern part kept its name, which was valid for the entire island from 1937.

history

Former police station

The Elbe island of Finkenwerder (see also: Werder ) was created when the island of Gorieswerder broke up in several storm surges between 1192 and 1236, as well as in the Allerkind flood in 1248. It was the westernmost of the islands newly formed by the water ingress and was first documented as Vinkenwerder in 1236 mentioned. The name goes back to the finch bird species , which were caught here in large quantities and which led to a protection ordinance, the Finch Catcher Ordinance , issued by the City of Hamburg in 1594 . According to this, no bird nets were allowed to be set up between March 26th and June 26th. After the severe storm surge of February 1962 , land connections were created both in the west to Neuenfelde and in the east to Dradenau by building dikes, so that the district is practically no longer an island today.

Finkenwerder was divided along the Finkenwerder Landscheideweg until 1937 . The northern part had been Hamburg since 1445 and had the status of a suburb since 1919. The southern part belonged to the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg until 1814 , to the Kingdom of Hanover until 1866 and then to Prussia . This division of Finkenwerder had a particular impact during the cholera epidemic in Hamburg at the end of the 19th century, when residents of the Hamburg side were forbidden to travel to the southern part of the island under penalty of death. Nevertheless, many came from the northern part to take part in the Protestant service in the church, which is located directly behind the Landscheide on the Lüneburg side.

Half-timbered house from 1817 on the Auedeich

Already in the 13./14. In the 19th century, the dike began, but was not completed until the early 17th century. In 1801, the Hamburg councilor Wilhelm Amsinck issued the decrees for the Finkenwerder dyke system , which led to a considerable improvement in the safety of storm surges in the Hamburg part (the southern part was hardly affected by storm surges anyway). As a result, the population of both districts rose sharply and the dike crown between Steendiek and Auedeich was built on with the houses, some of which still exist today. While fishermen were mainly based in the northeast, the rest of the island was cultivated by fruit growers.

In the 1920s, under chief building director Fritz Schumacher, the development plan for the area between the 1918 German shipyard and the old Auesiedlung was drawn up. There are mostly brick buildings in the brick style typical of Hamburg at that time. They form today's center with shops.

In October 1944, more than 600 prisoners from the Soviet Union, Poland, Belgium, France and Denmark were housed in a satellite camp of the Neuengamme concentration camp on the premises of the Deutsche Werft, where they work in shipbuilding as welders, locksmiths and electricians as well as clean-up work on the premises had to perform.

The Alte Süderelbe was sealed off in the summer of 1962 to the west of Finkenwerder.

Religions

The Evangelical Lutheran St. Nikolai Church on Landscheideweg: For the southern part of the island of Finkenwerder in Lüneburg, the presence of a church building is first attested in 1436. The first pastor mentioned by name is Otto Tyndal (Tinsdahl) in 1439. The Reformation was introduced to Finkenwerder around 1542 . In 1617 the second church was consecrated and four years later, in 1621, the ecclesiastical union of the populations of the southern part of Lüneburg and the northern part of Hamburg took place. Until then, the residents of the northern part of Hamburg were incorporated into the church in Nienstedten, on the north bank of the Elbe. The Norderelbe, on which large container ships call at the Port of Hamburg today , was still a poorly navigable arm of the river in the 17th century, which almost fell dry in dry summers and could be crossed on wooden walkways. Due to serious construction defects, the third church was consecrated in 1756 and the fourth in 1881.
Catholic Church of St. Petrus, Norderkirchenweg
- Carmelite Monastery : In November 1999 the "Carmel Cell of the Incarnation" was founded on Finkenwerder.
The Osman Bey Mosque in Müggenburg has also been an Islamic house of worship since 1988 .
New Apostolic Church, Norderkirchenweg 57

politics

The attempt by the Senate to add Finkenwerder to the Harburg district under administrative law failed in 2005 because of a citizens' initiative whose activists wanted to remain in the Hamburg-Mitte district .

Finkenwerder belongs to the electoral district 2 Billstedt-Wilhelmsburg-Finkenwerder .

The 2015 state elections brought the following results (including Waltershof):

SPD : 58.0% (+2.7)
CDU : 12.3% (−8.3)
Greens : 8.9% (+1.9)
Left : 6.8% (+ 0.7)
AfD : 6.0% (+6.0)
FDP : 4.1% (-0.3)
Others: 3.9% (–2.7)

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Lotsenhaus Seemannshöft , seen from Finkenwerder

In the local public transport (ÖPNV) the district is accessible by ship lines of the HADAG (line 62 to the St. Pauli Landungsbrücken and line 64 to Teufelsbrück ) and by bus lines of the HHA (150 through the new Elbe tunnel to Altona station and to Cranz , 251 to Neugraben ) and KVG (146 to Harburg station and to Sinstorf ) are integrated into the network of the Hamburg transport association . During the shift change times of the Airbus plants, a number of buses run in almost all directions south of the Elbe.

shipbuilding

In 1918, Deutsche Werft AG, the largest employer on the island at the time, was founded. She was originally a joint venture between the shipping company HAPAG with the Gutehoffnungshütte and AEG . Based on an idea by the architect Peter Behrens , the factory's own architects built the workers' and foremen's settlement. The project planned for Finkenwerder is explained in a minutes of the Supervisory Board dated July 3, 1919:

To remedy the housing shortage on Finkenwerder, it is proposed to build terraced houses in the construction method proposed by Peter Behrens on the building site on the Norder-Elbdeich, giving up an approximately 60 m wide strip of shipyard site and using a strip of state land 30 m wide. the construction of 84 residential houses, each consisting of a kitchen-cum-living room and 2 - 3 living rooms, cellar, accessories and stable, should start this year if possible. Each house receives around 230 m² of garden land. The construction price of the houses is estimated at 18,000 - 22,000 m depending on the size, of which about 6,000 m will have to be raised by the shipyard; the remainder is to be requested as overcharging by the rich and the state of Hamburg. The approx. 500,000 marks were granted on the condition that it was possible to obtain the state subsidy for the buildings.

From 1941 to 1944 a submarine bunker with the code name Fink II was built on the shipyard site, in which submarines of the Kriegsmarine were built and repaired. Today the memorial bunker ruin is located there .

After the German shipyard was closed in 1973, there are three smaller companies and a larger shipyard "August Pahl" with the shipyard in Cölln , which was founded in 1767, the boot yard Heuer and the Behrens shipyard, which was operated on the site of the former Eckmann's shipyard. .

The largest of the smaller shipyards in Finkenwerder, the “ August Pahl ” shipyard , located at Köhlfleet-Hauptdeich 7, right next to the “Behrens” shipyard, existed until the 1980s. "August Pahl" provided numerous apartments in apartment blocks on Norderkirchenweg for its own employees and their families. The “August Pahl” shipyard used to employ more than 150 shipyard workers. Including locksmiths, welders, machine fitters, joiners, electricians. “August Pahl” also trained apprentices (skilled workers) in the professions until the 1970s.

Aircraft construction

Factory site (eastern part)

In 1933, the Hamburger Flugzeugbau GmbH was the first aviation company to settle in Finkenwerder. The subsidiary of Blohm & Voss was equipped with an airfield at the end of the 1930s and developed through Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm and DASA to become today's Airbus Group , whose subsidiary Airbus currently carries out structural and final assembly for the A318 , A319 , A320 and passenger aircraft A321 carries out the partial assembly of the A330 and A350 as well as the painting, interior work and delivery of the A380 in Finkenwerder.

and display information about the image

Factory premises

fishing

The fishing trawlers and fish steamers with the identification mark HF were frequent guests in all ports of the North Sea and the European North Sea. The Finkenwerder Scholle (also "Finkenwerder Speckscholle" or "Finkenwerder Kutterscholle") is a well-known fish dish.

Culture and sights

Kösbitter from Finkenwärder (1908)

Mother Trin Gretj, the last in Finkenwärder costume (1908)

The Finkenwerder Art Prize has been awarded to contemporary artists since 2000 .

Museums

The Finkenwerder Trachten- und Heimatmuseum (at Brack 30 ) is maintained by the Finkwarder Danzkring . The Finkenwerder Heimatvereinigung received the birth house of Johann Wilhelm Kinau ( Gorch Fock ), Jakob and Rudolf Kinau in a will from the youngest sister of the poet brothers and is making it accessible to the public as the Gorch Fock House (Kinau House with Heimatmuseum at Neßdeich 6 ). The Finkenwärder-Gaffel-Consortium has set up a museum harbor at the Köhlfleet-Hauptdeich . a. the offshore cutter Landrath Küster is located.

music

The Finkwarder Speeldeel , a dance and singing group founded in 1906, has also become internationally known through many appearances on television and radio. Since 1976 there has also been a children's group, the Lütt Speeldeel , which works with the Hamburg songwriter Rolf Zuckowski .

The Finkwarder Danzkring Lünborger Siet is - as the name suggests - at home in the southern part of the island and has been doing folk and folklore dance since 1976. The two choirs, the song board “Harmonie” from 1865 and the women's choir “Frohsinn” from 1950 are much older.

Gorch-Fock-Halle by Fritz Schumacher

Buildings

The Gorch-Fock-Halle, built in 1929/30 according to plans by Fritz Schumacher , is now used by TuS Finkenwerder. Originally as a people's house, it was also intended to house the local public book hall and serve cultural events.

Also built in 1926/27 according to plans by Fritz Schumacher, there is a small chapel in the old Finkenwerder cemetery, today the home of the Finkenwerder history workshop.

Steendiek Canal

From the Rüschpark you can see the monument to the ruins of the Fink II submarine bunker designed by kirsch + bremer artandarchitecture .

The Fink II bunker ruin memorial at high water

The former Finkenwerder local office is located directly at the steam bridge, the Finkenwerder pier for the HADAG ferries line 62 and 64. The building in the style of the "Hamburgische Brickbauten" was built in 1912/13 for the German Seafaring School and was used by the German shipyard as a seaman's school from 1919 to 1944 . The Hamburg seaman's school moved from Hamburg-Waltershof to Finkenwerder in 1913 . Here, 13 to 17-year-old prospective seafarers were trained in six-month training to become a crew member. Schools were temporarily inactive during the First World War and between 1920 and 1922. In 1944 the seaman's school was relocated to Wismar because of the air raids on Hamburg . From 1944 to 2007 the building functioned as a local office with various departments of local government. In 2008, the building was carefully renovated inside - unchanged from the outside - and since the beginning of 2009 has housed the Hamburg branch of an IT consulting company.

Parks

While the Gorch-Fock-Park on the headland between the Steendiek Canal and Köhlfleet was already included in Fritz Schumacher's development plan, there has been the Rüsch Park at the northern end of the Rüsch Canal since 1996, which was laid out on the former shipyard site. A memorial erected in 1995 commemorates the concentration camp prisoners who were used for the hardest work in the subcamp on the grounds of the Deutsche Werft. In the southwest of the district there are two nature reserves ( Finkenwerder Süderelbe and Westerweiden ).

Sports

The gymnastics and sports club Finkenwerder from 1893 e. V. and the Sport Club Finkenwerder from 1927 e. V. as a former workers' sports club, offer many sports enthusiasts a meaningful leisure activity. In addition to the usual popular individual and team sports, the TuS also offers a sailing, a Ju-Jutsu, and a boxing division as well as a marching band.

Chess fans come to Finkenwerder at the SK Finkenwerder from 1938.

Personalities

David Hansemann (1790–1864), Prussian businessman, politician and banker, was born on Finkenwerder.
Friedrich Wilhelm Bodemann (* 1809– † 1889), pastor, author and local writer. He was Finkenwerder pastor ( St. Nikolai Church ) from 1858 to 1883. Founder of Hamburg's first public library in the Aueschule Finkenwerder in 1868. Finkenwerder Bodemann-Heim nursing home and Finkenwerder Bodemannweg were named after them.
Johann Wilhelm Kinau (1880–1916), called "Gorch Fock". Finkenwärder is the birthplace of the local poet, whose best-known work Seafaring is not! found widespread use. He fell on May 31, 1916 on board the small cruiser Wiesbaden during the Skagerrak Battle . His grave is on the Swedish archipelago island of Steensholmen in the Kattegat. The German Navy training ship bears the name of the poet.
Hinrich Wriede (1882–1958), writer, was born on Finkenwerder.
Jakob Kinau (1884–1965), brother of Johann Wilhelm Kinau, made a name for himself as the author of the time-critical novel Leegerwall, which is about Finkenwerder .
Rudolf Kinau (1887–1975), another Kinau brother, became one of the most famous authors of Low German dialect of his time with his extensive work. After attending primary school, he worked in the Elbe fishery for a few years. This was followed by training at the seaman's school and one year of service with the Navy. Subsequently, due to the poor economic situation in the shipping industry, he took a position in the Hamburg fish hall. He wrote his first story in 1916, an obituary for his brother Gorch Fock. More stories followed and were published in book form. He was also a regular guest on the radio, for example in the series Fief Minuten gooden Wind , Sünnschien up 'n Weg and Hör mal' n pray to . Up to his death he had published 33 books as well as numerous radio plays and plays.
Eduard Bargheer (1901–1979), painter, was born in Finkenwerder.
Anna Andersch-Marcus (1914–2005), glass painter, lived in Finkenwerder from 1939 to 1968. She was married to Carl-Adolf Kinau, the son of Johann Wilhelm Kienau.
Eugen Wagner (* 1942), the former Hamburg Senator for Building (SPD) for many years, was born in Finkenwerder.
Jan-Hinrich Fock (* 1946), long-time local politician (SPD) and member of the Hamburg Parliament from 2011 to 2015, was born on Finkenwerder.
Klaus Fock (* 1947), professional footballer ( Hamburger SV 1968–1970, Barmbek-Uhlenhorst 1970–1972 and 1974/75) was born on Finkenwerder.
Reinhard Goltz (* 1953), author, editor of the Prussian dictionary , managing director of the Institute for Low German and spokesman for the Federal Council for Low German , was born on Finkenwerder.

literature

Introductory literature

Harald Schloz: Finkenwerder - from a “fishing idyll” to an “industrial location”, structural changes in a community close to a large city in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and their echo in fictional literature . Dissertation at the Institute for Folklore (Department of Cultural History and Cultural Studies) of the University of Hamburg, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-86064-407-6 .
Kurt Wagner: From Fink To Airbus - The History of the Elbe Island Finkenwerder . Erfurt 2006, ISBN 3-89702-999-5 .

Web links

Commons : Hamburg-Finkenwerder - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Video links

the north story - Finkenwerder

Individual evidence

^ Horst Beckershaus: The names of the Hamburg districts. Where do they come from and what they mean. Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-434-52545-9 , p. 41.
↑ Results at the North Statistics Office , the exact data set must be determined using the search function and entering the name of the district.
↑ Our sheet: Flottbek-Othmarschen (a district magazine of Hamburg) 48 (1996) No. 6, p. 5 and No. 8, p. 4.
↑ Airbus.com: Airbus in Germany ( Memento from August 22, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
^ Franklin Kopitzsch , Daniel Tilgner (ed.): Hamburg Lexikon. 4th, updated and expanded special edition. Ellert & Richter, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-8319-0373-3 , p. 620.
^ Gudrun Maurer: Legendary places in Hamburg. Via Reise Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978 3 935029 53 7 , page 124

[1] Horst Beckershaus: The names of the Hamburg districts. Where do they come from and what they mean. Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-434-52545-9 , p. 41.

[2] Results at the North Statistics Office , the exact data set must be determined using the search function and entering the name of the district.

[3] Our sheet: Flottbek-Othmarschen (a district magazine of Hamburg) 48 (1996) No. 6, p. 5 and No. 8, p. 4.

[4] Airbus.com: Airbus in Germany ( Memento from August 22, 2008 in the Internet Archive )

[5] Franklin Kopitzsch , Daniel Tilgner (ed.): Hamburg Lexikon. 4th, updated and expanded special edition. Ellert & Richter, Hamburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-8319-0373-3 , p. 620.

[6] Gudrun Maurer: Legendary places in Hamburg. Via Reise Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978 3 935029 53 7 , page 124