FDP Hamburg
| FDP Hamburg | |||
|
|||
| Chairperson | Katja Suding | ||
| Deputy | Ron Schumacher Gerhold Hinrichs-Henkensiefken Ewald Aukes |
||
| Treasurer | Thomas Thiede | ||
| executive Director | Alexander Fröhlich from Elmbach | ||
| Honorary Chairwoman |
Willy Max Rademacher († 1971) Emilie Kiep-Altenloh († 1985) Peter-Heinz Müller-Link († 2009) |
||
| Establishment date | September 20, 1945 | ||
| Place of foundation | Hamburg | ||
| Headquarters | Hop market 31 20457 Hamburg |
||
| Landtag mandates |
1/123 |
||
| Number of members | 1,518 (as of 2019) | ||
| Website | www.fdphamburg.de | ||
The FDP Hamburg is the regional association of the FDP in the state of Hamburg . It was founded on September 20, 1945 under the name Party of Free Democrats as the first liberal state party in West Germany. From 1946 to 1978, from 1987 to 1993, from 2001 to 2004 and since 2011 she was a member of the Hamburg Parliament . Since the general election in Hamburg 2020 , it has only been represented by one directly elected, non-attached MP and has no parliamentary group of its own.
history
Liberalism in Hamburg before 1918: The United Liberals
In Hamburg, as in all other areas of the German Reich , all varieties of liberalism - from the left-liberal democrats to the national liberals - were represented. What differentiated Hamburg and the other Hanseatic cities from the Reich was the lack of agrarian-conservative competition. In all three traditional parliamentary groups of the Hamburg citizenship , there were mainly members who assigned themselves to the liberal spectrum. These parliamentary groups were not political associations, but rather professionally oriented. The faction on the right mainly united large merchants, in the center of the left it was primarily the representatives of industry that met, and in the faction of the left it was mainly craftsmen who gathered. While the National Liberals had had a Reichstag electoral association in Hamburg for a long time , which dealt exclusively with questions of Reich politics and the selection and support of Reichstag candidates, the left-wing liberals only organized party politics in Hamburg in the last years of the 19th century. For example, a local association of was established in March 1898 National Social Association of Friedrich Naumann founded. The leading figures were Carl Wilhelm Petersen and Carl Braband, two younger men from respected Hamburg families. As early as 1902, the Hamburg National Socialists formed one of the largest local associations in the party with over 350 members. Petersen himself was elected in 1899 as a candidate for the Pöseldorfer Citizens' Association and joined the right-wing parliamentary group there .
In 1904, the National Socialists united with the Liberal Association , which previously had a niche existence in Hamburg, under their name. The members of the Liberal Association elected to the citizenry in the same year did not, however, form their own parliamentary group, but instead joined the three professional groups that explicitly saw themselves as not being political. After 13 Social Democrats were able to prevail in the electoral districts in this election, the advocates of an even more stringent census suffrage against the SPD prevailed in the three old parliamentary groups . Petersen, Braband and other left-wing liberals did not want to go along this path and voted in the citizenry against this act, which was described as theft of electoral rights . Their expulsion from the faction of the right preceded them by leaving the faction on February 24, 1906. Together with dissidents from the parliamentary group of the Left and the parliamentary group of the Left Center , they founded the United Liberals a little later . They were severely criticized in the media for this. The criticism culminated in the allegation that Braband and Petersen were "the originators of a dangerous revolutionary movement" or even "pimps of the SPD".
With the formation of the Progressive People's Party in 1910, the United Liberals became their Hamburg regional association. In the general election in the same year, they have already won 30 seats. Until the end of the Empire, the bourgeois camp remained in opposition between the left-liberal United Liberals on the one hand and the old factions on the other, with the faction of the right renaming itself in 1916 to the faction of the National Liberal Party and in 1918 with parts of the Left Center founded the national association of the DVP . The faction on the left, on the other hand, moved further and further to the right. It and the rest of the Left Center became the Hamburg regional association of the DNVP in 1918 . The United Liberals, on the other hand, re-established themselves in 1918 as the Hamburg regional association of the DDP .
1918 to 1945: DDP, DVP and liberal resistance
In the first citizenship elections after the November Revolution , the DDP was the second largest force with 20.5% of the vote and 33 MPs, while the DVP only got 8.6% and 13 seats. The points of contact between the two liberal parties in Hamburg were rather small: while Landes-DVP positioned itself on the right wing of the party, the DDP stood on the left wing of its party as a whole. Nevertheless, after Friedrich Naumann 's early death in 1919, Petersen from Hamburg was elected party leader of the Reich DDP. From the beginning of the Weimar Republic , the DDP formed a coalition with the Social Democrats. From 1924 to 1930 and 1932/33 the left-wing liberals appointed Carl Wilhelm Petersen as the first mayor . The DVP, on the other hand, was initially in opposition to the Senate and did not participate in government until 1925, when the SPD and DDP had lost their majority in the citizenry. Both DDP and DVP achieved significantly better results than nationwide over the entire duration of the Weimar Republic. The DDP, now known as the German State Party , achieved 11.2% of the vote and 18 seats in the parliamentary elections in 1932, when it was already marginalized in the Reichstag elections.
However, the merger with the Young German Order to form the German State Party led to considerable rifts in the Hamburg DDP and to the resignation of prominent left-wing liberals such as Erich Lüth , Hans Robinsohn and Alfred Johann Levy . After the seizure of power of the Nazis to the state party and the DVP disintegrated under the pressure of those in power, the Hamburg DVP recommended its members to join the Nazi Party. Many left-wing liberals were persecuted by the National Socialists. Former MPs Max Eichholz and Valentin Ernst Burchard were murdered in concentration camps . Emmy Beckmann , the first woman to be a state school councilor in Germany, was dismissed. Christian Koch was temporarily arrested by the Gestapo .
Members of the state party and, above all, the DVP came to terms with the Nazi system or, like Wilhelm Amsinck Burchard-Motz (DVP) or Walter Matthaei (DStP), worked towards the new regime. But liberal resistance also developed. The Freie Hamburg group emerged from the regime-critical discussion group Group Q , in which mainly former DDP / state party members around Friedrich Ablass , Alfred Johann Levy and Walter Jacobsen met. Indulgence was the head of the group, and Jacobsen was in contact with the Robinsohn-Strassmann group .
From the foundation to the Hamburg block
Just two days after Hamburg was handed over to the British, on May 5, 1945, the resistance group around Indulgence formed a formal organization called Bund Free Hamburg , which was registered with the British occupying power in May 1945 as a "union of liberal-minded Hamburgers". The businessman Eduard Wilkening , who had joined Group Q in 1937, became chairman of this organization . The federal government passed an eight-point program, which saw itself as a manifesto for the rebuilding of the democratic community. The Free Democrats Party was founded on September 20, 1945 from the center of the Free Hamburg Association. Of the 98 founding members, 65 had previously belonged to the federal government. Others came from a group of Altona liberals around Emilie Kiep-Altenloh and Jes Juhl . This was the first founding of a liberal state party in the western zones of occupation. From the beginning, it saw itself as a link to the left-liberal traditions of the Weimar DDP. Christian Koch was elected chairman with 55 to 34 votes against Eduard Wilkening. The party was then approved by the occupation authorities on November 22, 1945.
In the citizenry appointed by the British occupying power , which met for the first time on February 27, 1946, the PFD was represented with a total of eight mandates. In addition to Christian Koch, who belonged to the citizenry qua office, and the MPs named by the party Eduard Wilkening and Willy Max Rademacher , five other MPs who had been proposed by other organizations joined her. After Koch, who had been accused of failing to set up the party's organizational structure, declared on July 1, 1946, under pressure from the state executive, that he would no longer be available as state chairman, there was a fighting candidacy between the more left-wing Rademacher and the economically liberal Wilkening, which Rademacher clearly won with 129 out of 186 delegate votes.
Former DVP members, on the other hand, had the former Senators Paul de Chapeaurouge and Hermann Carl Vering gathered in 1945 in the Association of Friends of the former People's Party . Chapeaurouge turned down an offer from Koch to work in the PFD and wanted to create an alliance of all forces on the right of the SPD with the Father City Association of Hamburg . However, the VBH did not get a strong basis for the mayor's election in 1946, so it was decided to join forces with the CDU, which had been considerably strengthened by the addition of Mayor Rudolf Petersen . Only de Chapeaurouge himself entered the citizenry via the CDU list.
In the first general election on October 13, 1946 , the PFD was able to achieve its best result to date with 18.2%. Due to the majority voting right, however, it only achieved seven of the 110 mandates and - what was even more important - it was well behind the CDU, which received 26.7% of the vote. The PFD took part in the founding of the Free Democratic Party of the British Zone in November 1946 and then changed its name accordingly to FDP. Despite the overwhelming majority of the SPD, the FDP participated with Christian Koch (second mayor, Office for Reparation and Refugee Aid, Prison Authority and State Commissioner for Denazification), Johannes Büll (Building Authority) and Ludwig Hartenfels (Culture Authority) in contrast to the CDU in the Senate, which the former Lord Mayor of Altona Max Brauer (SPD) as first mayor . Since all attempts to change the electoral system to a proportional representation failed at the SPD, the CDU and FDP entered into considerations before the 1949 state elections to forge an electoral alliance in order to overcome the disadvantages of majority voting for the split bourgeois forces. De Chapeaurouges, formally still existing and licensed VBH , offered itself as a vehicle . After negotiations with the German party had failed, the CDU and FDP agreed with the small German Conservative Party on an electoral alliance under de Chapeaurouge's leadership. The result was sobering: with 34.5%, the VBH achieved significantly fewer votes than the CDU and FDP achieved together in 1946. The SPD was able to hold an absolute majority, albeit with fewer MPs than before. In terms of personnel, the FDP had improved significantly thanks to the electoral alliance - it now had 17 instead of the previous seven mandates - but it had not only lost government participation, but also a leading member: Mayor Christian Koch had left the FDP during the election campaign because he did not want to support the harsh attacks of the VBH against the SPD-led Senate.
The right to vote was also the reason why the FDP and CDU tried again to form a civil alliance before the 1953 state election . This time it was possible to reach an agreement with the German party, which with its double-digit result in 1949 had thwarted an election victory for the VBH, as many constituencies that otherwise could have fallen to the bourgeoisie were won by the SPD. The three parties founded an electoral party called the Hamburg Block , headed by the German envoy in Stockholm, Kurt Sieveking . FDP parliamentary group leader Edgar Engelhard was elected deputy block chairman. Shortly before the election, GB / BHE , which was rather insignificant in Hamburg, was included in the alliance: Because they believed they had no vote to give away, the expellees were given a few seats in the district assemblies that were to be elected at the same time . Although school policy (the SPD Senate introduced the six-year elementary school in 1950) was a popular campaign topic, the Hamburg bloc achieved only a narrow election victory. The Hamburg block accounted for 62 seats and the SPD received 58 seats. The decisive factor for the majority was that the parties KPD and RSF , which were previously represented in the parliament, failed because of the newly introduced five percent hurdle . For the FDP, the narrow electoral success meant returning to the state government: With Edgar Engelhard (Second Mayor, Prison Authority, Office for District Administration, Sports Office), Emilie Kiep-Altenloh (Social Authority , Youth Authority ), Hans-Harder Biermann-Ratjen (Culture Authority, Justice Administration) , Johannes Büll (Building Authority) and Ernst Plate (Office for Port and Transport in the Authority for Economics and Transport) the Elbe Liberals provided five members of the new 15-member Senate , more than ever before or after. After both the four-year elementary school was reintroduced and the right to vote was changed to a pure proportional representation, there was no longer any reason for the FDP to stick to the Hamburg block. For the citizenship election in 1957 she ran again independently.
Ruling party on the side of the SPD
After the end of the Hamburg bloc, the now independent FDP achieved 8.6 percent of the vote and ten MPs in the 1957 mayor elections. Although the Social Democrats had obtained a clear absolute majority from the opposition (69 of 120 seats), they offered the FDP the formation of a joint Senate under Max Brauer . The state committee of the FDP accepted this offer on November 25, 1957 because the agreed government program saw a liberal basis for cooperation. Due to the changed majority, Edgar Engelhard (Second Mayor, Department for Economics and Transport, Sports Department), Emilie Kiep-Altenloh (Department for Food and Agriculture, Prison Authority) and Hans-Harder Biermann-Ratjen (Cultural Department , Justice Administration) only belonged to three Liberals the Senate reduced to twelve members.
When the previous state chairman Willy Max Rademacher did not stand for re-election in 1958, Edgar Engelhard took over the state chairmanship in addition to his senatorial activities. Since the new parliamentary group chairman Peter-Heinz Müller-Link and Alfred Frankenfeld (parliamentary group chairman from 1961) also held his two deputies in leading city hall positions, the party, parliamentary group and senate were closely intertwined - a point that began in the mid-1960s was blamed by the left wing of the party for the stagnation of the state party. In the 1961 general election , however, the FDP was further strengthened. With a total of twelve MPs, there was still no reason to break away from the coalition with the overpowering SPD, which now held 60 percent of the mandates. The previous parliamentary group chairman, Peter-Heinz Müller-Link, replaced Emilie Kiep-Altenloh, who had been elected to the German Bundestag a few weeks earlier, as building senator.
Left shift, upswing and parliamentary end
After the general election in 1966 , in which the FDP fell to only 6.8% and lost a third of its mandates, the state party congress decided to terminate the coalition with the SPD, which was able to expand its absolute majority, and go into the opposition. Despite the political shift to the left that emanated from this party congress - this was the first time that the demand for the creation of comprehensive schools was made - little changed for daily politics in the citizenship. The previous building senator Peter-Heinz Müller-Link , who had held this office from 1957 to 1961 , became the new parliamentary group chairman . Rademacher was elected as the successor of Engelhard as the state chairman. This balancing act between a party base that is drifting to the left and a more conservative faction should become even more acute over the next few years. In 1969, the lawyer Hermann Ferdinand Arning prevailed in a voting with 55 to 53 votes against the previous state chairman Willy Max Rademacher . He was then elected honorary chairman.
After even with the election in 1970 with Helga Schuchardt could move only a representative of the new links course in the state parliament - she moved in 1972 to the German Bundestag - despite the still existing absolute SPD majority was re-formed a social-liberal coalition. Four years later, the 1974 state election saw a major change. Under Dieter Biallas , the FDP not only achieved a result with 10.9% and 13 MPs, which has remained somewhat unreached since then, but the new parliamentary group was also significantly more left-wing than the previous one. And since the SPD had not achieved an absolute majority for the first time since 1953, the Liberals were also needed to form a majority. With Biallas (second mayor, authority for science and art), Ulrich Klug (judicial authority) and the conservative Rolf Bialas (building authority), who had surprisingly prevailed against Gerhard Moritz Meyer at the state party conference , the FDP provided three senators. With the election of the Bundestag member Helga Schuchardt, who prevailed in a vote against Müller-Link and incumbent Arning, as the new state chairman, the turn to the left was finally completed. But there was also considerable criticism of the new course: For example, the member of parliament Christel Stegmann resigned from the party and the parliamentary group in 1973. And in 1976, member of the Bundestag Victor Kirst even accused the Hamburg FDP leadership of “left-wing extremism”.
In the 1978 general election , the FDP collapsed. It lost more than six percentage points and fell below the five percent threshold for the first time at 4.8% . Within the party, the public disputes with the coalition partner SPD were primarily held responsible for this. Four years later the FDP under top candidate Klaus Brunnstein failed again with 4.9% due to the threshold clause.
The turning point in Bonn in autumn 1982 hit the Hamburg FDP harder than other regional associations: Well-known FDP members - among them the former state chairman Helga Schuchardt and the former parliamentary group leader Maja Stadler-Euler - left the party. At the meeting of the state committee in November 1982 - just a few weeks before the election of the new citizens - there was a mass exit. This weakened the party so much that under the former building senator Rolf Bialas it achieved its worst election result of all time in the December elections with only 2.6%.
Comeback under Ingo von Münch
After the devastating electoral defeat in December 1982, the state chairman Klaus Brunnstein , who had been in office since 1980 and one of the left wing representatives who remained in the party, declared that he would not stand again in the internal party elections. In the Bundestag election in March 1983 , the FDP was able to make itself felt again with 6.0% in Hamburg, but lost its two Bundestag mandates and was now without any parliamentary representation. In this situation, the moderate-conservative wing remembered an old Fahrensmann: Peter-Heinz Müller-Link , former building senator and parliamentary group leader, who had withdrawn from the front row after the shift to the left at the beginning of the 1970s, was supposed to recreate the party that was on the ground organize and prepare for the 1986 elections . When he - as announced at his election - did not take office as state chairman after two years in 1985, Müller-Link succeeded in presenting the FDP to the public in such a way that it seemed possible to return to the citizenry in 1986.
Successor Müller-Links, who himself had preferred the former member of parliament Wilhelm Rahlfs , was Ingo von Münch, a law professor who had been a member of the FDP for almost twenty years but had always stayed away from political office. With him as state chairman and top candidate, the Elbe liberals just failed to pass the 5% hurdle in December 1986, but in the new elections in May 1987, with 6.5%, they not only made the longed-for return to the citizenship, but also made the leap Create on the Senate Bank: After lengthy coalition negotiations, the SPD and FDP agreed to reissue the traditional Hamburg government alliance. Von Münch became Senator for Science and Culture and Rahlf's Senator for Economics. The parliamentary group chairman was the businessman Frank-Michael Wiegand , and the new state chairman of the real estate mogul Robert Vogel . The election period was shaped by the conflict over the occupied houses in Hafenstrasse . In both coalition parties there were hardliners (in the SPD especially building senator Eugen Wagner , in the FDP economics senator Wilhelm Rahlfs) and politicians who sought a negotiated solution (in addition to the two mayors Klaus von Dohnanyi and Ingo von Münch, above all, FDP state chief Robert Vogel ). A peaceful solution was finally found in November 1987, but the First Mayor of Dohnanyi resigned from his office in mid-1988 after various cross shots from his own party, and was succeeded by the SPD parliamentary group leader Henning Voscherau .
After the SPD had achieved an absolute majority in the 1991 parliamentary elections with 48% of the votes, while the FDP had to accept surprising losses, the Liberals decided to go into the opposition, even though the SPD had offered to continue the coalition. The Spiritus Rector of the 1987 election victory, Ingo von Münch, withdrew from politics and returned to his chair at the University of Hamburg . The parliamentary group elected - as Wiegand's successor - the senior teacher Reinhard Soltau as the new group chairman. When, after two years, the Hamburg Constitutional Court declared the 1991 election invalid and ordered new elections , the FDP, which with the lawyer Gisela Wild , one of the campaigners against the census law of 1983, clearly opted for a left-wing liberal profile , failed with 4.2% , while instead the newly founded Instead of Party moved into the citizenry and formed the new Senate with the SPD.
Internal disputes and government with CDU and Schill
After leaving the citizenry, power struggles broke out in the FDP in full. As a result, the state chairman Robert Vogel , who has been in office since 1987, had to resign . The state boards changed in quick succession. First of all, Rainer Funke , member of the Bundestag, took over the leadership of the state party until 1995. He was followed by Hans-Joachim Widmann , Arnd Brummer , Frank-Michael Wiegand , under whom the FDP only received 3.5% of the vote in the 1993 state election, and again Rainer Funke and Kurt Hansen . A certain consolidation was only achieved under the insurance salesman Hansen. In February 2001 the Liberals nominated the previous head of the Bundeswehr Leadership Academy and Rear Admiral Rudolf Lange as their top candidate. He had only joined the party a few months earlier. Various other celebrities from outside the party were also in discussion as lateral entrants for the top candidate, including the fashion designer Wolfgang Joop . With Lange at the top, the FDP was at times between seven and eight percent in the polls. Only after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 did she fall back and on the evening of the election she had to tremble for a long time about her return to citizenship after eight years, which ultimately succeeded with 5.07% of the vote. After lengthy coalition negotiations, the FDP concluded a coalition with the CDU and the Schill party , which meant that the SPD had to go back into the opposition for the first time in 44 years. From the beginning of the coalition, the state FDP criticized the fact that Lange, as school senator, became the party's only member of the senate. Since Lange acted haplessly and was heavily attacked in public, this criticism increased. After the coalition was already in difficult waters as a result of the dismissal of Interior Senator Ronald Schill , Lange finally had to resign on November 16, 2003 after ever new funding gaps in the area of childcare. The former parliamentary group leader Reinhard Soltau was elected as his successor as school senator . Even this could not prevent the 2004 general election , which became necessary after the breakdown of the bourgeois coalition, from achieving the second worst result of all time with 2.8%. The FDP fell back into the behavior pattern that had been known since 1993: The chairmen changed constantly. On Leif Schrader , who had taken over the country's presidency after the election Soltaus senator, followed Wieland Schinnenburg and Hinnerk Fock . With him as the top candidate, the FDP failed to meet the threshold clause with 4.8% in the 2008 general election , but was at least able to celebrate the success of its entry into all seven district assemblies - the FDP had not been represented in the Hamburg-Mitte district since 1978 . But Fock also resigned from his office at the end of 2008 after failing to prevail against the previous MP Burkhardt Müller-Sönksen when drawing up the state list for the 2009 Bundestag election .
Election victories against the national trend
After Fock's resignation, Müller-Sönksen was the favorite to succeed him as state chairman. At the state party conference in February 2009, however, he surprisingly lost (and clearly with 40:70 votes) against the entrepreneur Rolf Salo . After the black-green government coalition broke up, it presented the hitherto relatively unknown Katja Suding as the top candidate for the 2011 mayor election . With her and a largely inexperienced team - only Wieland Schinnenburg had already been a member of the citizenry from 2001 to 2004 - the FDP returned to the state parliament with 6.7% and nine seats. After Salo resigned from the state chairmanship at the beginning of 2012, member of the Bundestag Sylvia Canel became the new state chairman. When she was re-elected in April 2013, Canel prevailed against the chairman of the FDP parliamentary group Katja Suding with 66 to 55 votes. Canel and Suding were elected to the federal executive committee on March 11, 2013 by the federal party congress of the FDP. On September 1, 2014, Sylvia Canel resigned from her position as state chairwoman and at the same time announced that she was leaving the party. The provisional successor at the top of the FDP, Dieter Lohberger, also resigned from the party in October 2014. On November 8, 2014 Katja Suding was elected as the new state chairman with 70.6 percent of the votes.
After the FDP Hamburg had only been seen by the polling institutes in December 2014 with 2% of the votes, it was able to increase its approval in the population significantly at the beginning of 2015 and came to over 4% in January with polls of 6% for a good week before the election. In the general election on February 15, 2015 , the FDP received 7.4% of the valid votes and - as four years before - moved into the Hamburg parliament with nine members . At the federal party conference in May 2015, Katja Suding was elected Deputy Federal Chairwoman. Willy Max Rademacher was previously the only Hamburg FDP politician to hold this office in 1957/58. When the long-time parliamentary group leader Katja Suding moved to the German Bundestag after the 2017 general election and became deputy chairwoman of the FDP parliamentary group, the parliamentary group, Michael Kruse and Anna-Elisabeth von Treuenfels-Frowein , elected a dual leadership for the first time. In 2019, a membership of more than 1,500 members was reached for the first time since the mid-1990s. In the district assembly elections taking place at the same time as the European elections on May 26, 2019, the FDP Hamburg-wide won 6.6%, an increase of 2.9 percentage points compared to 2014. For the first time since the 1974 elections, it achieved parliamentary group status in all seven districts.
Loss of parliamentary group status in 2020
In the general election on February 23, 2020 , the FDP failed with 4.96% due to the threshold clause and for the first time since 2008 missed re-entry into the state parliament in faction strength. Anna-Elisabeth von Treuenfels-Frowein, however, achieved a direct mandate in her constituency in Blankenese and has since represented the FDP alone as a non-attached member of the Hamburg parliament.
Program
As early as August 1946, the party, then still known as the PFD, adopted extensive “programmatic guidelines”, in which, in addition to the usual liberal core demands for market economy and against monopolies and for a culture free of spirit, also commitments for freedom of career choice and against private schools and the demand for the removal of old National Socialists from public life.
In terms of federal politics, the Hamburg Liberals were particularly noticeable before the party congress in Bad Ems in November 1952, when they presented the Liberal Manifesto, a left-liberal counter-draft to the German program , a call for the national collection of the North Rhine-Westphalia regional association . Although the Liberal Manifesto was not adopted, a broad discussion was initiated in the party, which also made it impossible to adopt the German program. In addition, the Liberal Manifesto became one of the foundations of the election platform for the 1953 Bundestag election .
In 1966, the state party passed an extensive reform program that set new accents in education policy in particular and, in this regard, pointed far into the left-liberal reform efforts of the early 1970s. Incidentally, the Hamburg FDP adopted - as is customary with the state associations of the parties - above all current election programs before the elections for the Hamburg citizenship . In addition, programmatic proposals on individual topics are regularly resolved at state party conferences. The successful referendum We want to learn against the Hamburg school reform was supported by the FDP.
structure
The FDP Hamburg is divided into seven district associations, which correspond in their boundaries to the administrative districts of the Hanseatic city, and including 19 district associations, which are predominantly congruent with the electoral districts of the Hamburg citizenship . In addition, there are state committees for individual policy areas in which members of the FDP Hamburg interested in these topics can participate.
By 2014, the state party congress, which elects the state executive and makes substantive decisions, such as the election program, was formed from 121 delegates who were elected by the grassroots in the district associations. By amendment of the statutes of the party congress on November 8, 2014, the delegate system was abolished and converted into a general assembly at the party congress, in which every party member can participate with voting rights.
The state board consists of the state chairman, three deputy state chairmen, the state treasurer, a representative appointed by the parliamentary group and currently 15 assessors. The seven district associations, the Young Liberals Hamburg and the Liberal Women Hamburg each have the right to propose one of the observer posts.
Membership numbers
- Nov. 1945: a good 2,000
- 1946: 6.742
- 1948: just under 8,000
- 1950: 4,350
- 1955: approx. 4000
- 1960: 2,707
- 1965: 2,418
- 1970: 1,954
- 1975: 2.261
- 1980: 2,330
- 1985: 1,427
- 1990: 1.987
- 2000: 1,133
- 2001: 1,228
- 2005: 1,364
- 2011: 1,296
- 2013: 1,094
- 2018: 1,449
- 2019: 1,518
State chairman
| State chairwoman of the FDP Hamburg | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Honorary Chairman:
- Willy Max Rademacher, 1969.
- Emilie Kiep-Altenloh, 1972.
- Peter-Heinz Müller-Link, 1986.
State Board
Since the state party conference on March 22nd and 23rd, 2019, the state executive has consisted of the following people:
- State chairwoman: Katja Suding
- Deputy state chairmen: Ron Schumacher, Gerhold Hinrichs-Henkensiefken , Ewald Aukes
- Treasurer: Thomas Thiede
- Representative of the parliamentary group: Daniel Oetzel
- Assessors: Anastasia Anzupow-Schultz, Robert Bläsing (representative of BV Hamburg-Nord), Carl Cevin-Key Coste (representative of the Young Liberals), Barnabas Crocker, Kurt Duwe (representative of BV Harburg), Svenja Hahn , Kirsten Countess von Hardenberg ( Representative of BV Hamburg-Mitte), Carl-Edgar Jarchow (representative of BV Altona), Klaus Krüger (representative of BV Eimsbüttel), Eva Parbs (representative of the Liberal Women), Rose Pauly , Wieland Schinnenburg (representative of BV Wandsbek), Ria Schröder , Karsten Schütt (representative of BV Bergedorf), Mario Stussig
Citizenship Group
After the FDP failed to meet the five percent threshold with 4.96 percent in the 2020 citizenship election , the party has no longer had a parliamentary group in the Hamburg citizenship since March 2020 . However, thanks to a constituency mandate from its top candidate Anna von Treuenfels, the party is represented by a non-attached MP in the state parliament.
From 2011 to 2020, the FDP parliamentary group in the Hamburg parliament consisted of nine members . Most recently, after the mayor elections in 2015 , Katja Suding , later (from 2017) Anna-Elisabeth von Treuenfels-Frowein and Michael Kruse, were parliamentary group chairmen.
| MPs (until 2020) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_by_Sandro_Halank%E2%80%931.jpg)
_der_B%C3%BCrgerschaft_der_Freien_und_Hansestadt_Hamburg_Jennyfer_Dutschke_by_Stepro_IMG_9165.jpg)
.jpg){kind=small}
_der_B%C3%BCrgerschaft_der_Freien_und_Hansestadt_Hamburg_Jens_P._Meyer_by_Stepro_IMG_8942.jpg)
_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg){kind=small}
Group leaders
| Group leader in the Hamburg Parliament | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Election results
Hamburg citizenship
In the elections for the Hamburg citizenship , the FDP achieved the following results in Hamburg:
The FDP was represented in the Senate of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg from 1945 to 1949, 1953 to 1966, 1970 to 1978, 1987 to 1991 and 2001 to 2004 .
German Bundestag
In the elections to the German Bundestag , the FDP achieved the following results in Hamburg:
| Results of the elections to the German Bundestag in Hamburg | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
European Parliament
In the elections to the European Parliament , the FDP achieved the following results in Hamburg:
| Results of the elections to the European Parliament in Hamburg | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Since 2019, Svenja Hahn has been a member of the FDP Hamburg for the first time in the European Parliament.
swell
The documents of the FDP Hamburg were handed over in 2013 from the Hamburg State Archives to the Archives of Liberalism of the Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom in Gummersbach .
literature
- Christof Brauers: The FDP in Hamburg 1945 to 1953. Start as a bourgeois left party (= Association for Democratic Openness . DemOkrit. 3). With a foreword by Hildegard Hamm-Brücher , Martin Meidenbauer Verlagbuchhandlung, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-89975-569-5 . Dissertation, Helmut Schmidt University / University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg 2004
- Hinnerk Fock et al. a .: 50 years of Hamburg Free Democrats. WSV-Verlag, Hamburg 1995, OCLC 258020742 .
- Leif Schrader : 60 years of political liberalism in Hamburg, commemorative publication for the 60th anniversary of the FDP Hamburg. Hamburg 2005, OCLC 255217467 .
- Eduard Sussmann : Liberals take responsibility. Prehistory and development of the FDP , WSV-Verlag, Hamburg 1964, OCLC 248200935 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Annual report of the FDP Hamburg 2017-2019 (PDF) .
- ↑ Brauers, p. 43.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 46, footnote 12.
- ↑ Carl Wilhelm Petersen said that the members of the three old parliamentary groups were most likely to be distinguished by their shoes: the right-wing group was the “patent leather group”, that of the center left was the “heavy boot group” and the left was the “lubricated boot group” ". Quoted from: Ursula Büttner : United Liberals and German Democrats in Hamburg 1906–1930 , in ZHG Volume 63 (1977), p. 6.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 45.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 46.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 47.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 49.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 50 f.
- ^ Fock: Liberals in Hamburg. In: Fock u. a. 50 Years of Hamburg Free Democrats , p. 10.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 59.
- ↑ election result of 1919 at www.gonschior.de .
- ^ Fock: Liberale in Hamburg , p. 11.
- ↑ Overview of the citizenship election results from 1919 to 1933 at www.gonschior.de .
- ↑ Brauers, p. 75.
- ^ Fock, Liberale in Hamburg , p. 11.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 95.
- ^ Fock: The founding of the Free Democrats party. In: Fock u. a., 50 Years of Hamburg Free Democrats , p. 15.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 129.
- ^ Fock: The Foundation of the Free Democrats Party , p. 16.
- ↑ Beate-Carola Padtberg-Wolff: Reactions and positions of the Free Democrats in Hamburg on political developments since 1945. In: Leif Schrader , 60 years of political liberalism in Hamburg , p. 5.
- ↑ Membership also showed clear links to the earlier DDP: around 60% of the members of the FDP in Hamburg at the end of 1946 had belonged to the DDP before 1933, while only a good 10% had belonged to the DVP. Source: Fock: The Foundation of the Party of Free Democrats , p. 18.
- ↑ According to the founding protocol, from which an excerpt from Fock: The founding of the party of Free Democrats , is printed in facsimile on p. 17, in addition to Koch, Wilkening, Dr. Ablass , Abatz , Büll , Lahann , Zarse , Bornbusch , Rieckhoff , Kiep-Altenloh and Sussmann .
- ^ Walter Tormin : Hamburg after the end of the Third Reich. Political reorganization in the immediate post-war period (1945/46 to 1949) , in: State Center for Political Education (Hrsg.) Hamburg after the end of the Third Reich. Political rebuilding 1945/46 to 1949 , Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-929728-50-8 , p. 77.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 206.
- ^ Werner Johe: Mayor Rudolf Petersen. a contribution to the history of the political reorganization in Hamburg 1945/46. In: State Center for Political Education (Ed.) Hamburg after the end of the Third Reich: political reconstruction 1945/46 to 1949 , Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-929728-50-8 , p. 40.
- ^ Fock: The Foundation of the Party of Free Democrats , p. 18.
- ^ Sussmann, p. 21.
- ^ Sussmann, p. 63.
- ↑ Sussmann, p. 64.
- ↑ Sussmann, p. 65.
- ^ Padtberg-Wolff: The position of the Hamburg Free Democrats against the background of federal political developments. In: Fock u. a., 50 Years of Hamburg Free Democrats , p. 38.
- ↑ Sussmann, p. 66.
- ↑ Padtberg-Wolff: The position of the Hamburg Free Democrats against the background of federal political developments , p. 38 f.
- ↑ "Changing of the Guard at the Hamburg FDP" , in: Hamburger Abendblatt of March 24, 1969, accessed on October 10, 2018.
- ^ "No guarantee for real politics" , in: Hamburger Abendblatt of September 22, 1973, accessed on November 4, 2018.
- ^ "A man sees red" , in: Hamburger Abendblatt of October 27, 1976, accessed on November 5, 2018.
- ^ Hans-Joachim Widmann: Party of Free Democrats, Free Democratic Party - a party seen from inside and outside. In: Fock u. a .: 50 Years of Hamburg Free Democrats , p. 53.
- ^ Padtberg-Wolff: Reactions and Positions of the Free Democrats in Hamburg to Political Developments since 1945 , p. 21.
- ↑ The Power of Parties: Hamburg, Texas. In: ZEIT ONLINE . September 4, 1987, Retrieved May 24, 2019 .
- ^ Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of October 8, 2010 .
- ↑ The time of November 27, 1987 .
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt , June 12, 1991, p. 9.
- ↑ "FDP Coup: Rear Admiral Lange Becomes Top Candidate", in: Die Welt, February 3, 2000, p. 13.
- ^ Spiegel Online, article from October 13, 1999 , accessed on March 31, 2013.
- ↑ Overview of state election polls at www.wahlrecht.de , accessed on March 31, 2013.
- ^ “Hamburg: FDP approves center-right coalition” , at www.spiegel.de, accessed on March 31, 2013.
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt of November 17, 2003, p. 1.
- ^ The daily newspaper of February 16, 2009.
- ↑ www.wahlrecht.de , accessed on March 31, 2013.
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt of March 24, 2012, p. 3.
- ↑ Sylvia Canel surprisingly remains Hamburg's FDP leader. Retrieved April 17, 2012 .
- ^ FDP Hamburg federal board , accessed on April 17, 2013.
- ↑ shz.de: “Sylvia Canel: FDP lacks respect” , accessed on September 2, 2013.
- ^ FDP politicians on the run .
- ↑ Hamburg FDP relies fully on Suding .
- ↑ Overview of surveys on the 2015 citizenship election at www.wahlrecht.de, accessed on February 17, 2015.
- ↑ Report at www.tagesschau.de ( Memento from May 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on May 18, 2015.
- ^ "Elections 2019: Greens win in four Hamburg districts" , in: Hamburger Abendblatt from May 28, 2019, accessed on June 9, 2019.
- ^ Padtberg-Wolff: Reactions and Positions of the Free Democrats in Hamburg to Political Developments since 1945 , p. 9.
- ^ Padtberg-Wolff: The position of the Hamburg Free Democrats against the background of federal political developments , p. 33.
- ^ Heino Kaack: On the history and program of the Free Democratic Party. Floor plan and materials , Verlag Anton Hain, Meisenheim am Glan 1976, ISBN 3-445-01380-2 , p. 18.
- ^ Padtberg-Wolff: The position of the Hamburg Free Democrats against the background of federal political developments , p. 38.
- ^ "Black and green Hamburg: Opponents of school reform enforce referendum" at www.spiegel.de, accessed on March 31, 2013.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 160.
- ↑ Fock: The Foundation of the Party of Free Democrats , p. 18.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 159.
- ↑ a b c d e f Marie-Luise Recker , Klaus Tenfelde (ed.): Handbook on the statistics of parliaments and parties in the western occupation zones and in the Federal Republic of Germany. Part III: FDP as well as smaller civil and right-wing parties. Membership and social structure 1945–1990 , Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 2005, ISBN 3-7700-5269-2 , p. 93 ff.
- ↑ Brauers, p. 159.
- ^ Kaack, p. 51.
- ^ Kaack, p. 51.
- ^ Annual report of the FDP Hamburg 2005–2007.
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt , September 14, 2011, p. 10.
- ^ Annual report of the FDP Hamburg 2005–2007.
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt , September 14, 2011, p. 10.
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt , March 5, 2013, p. 9.
- ↑ Hamburger Morgenpost , January 6, 2018.
- ↑ Annual report of the FDP Hamburg 2017-2019 (PDF) .
- ↑ Norddeutscher Rundfunk Hamburg: FDP below 5 percent , accessed on February 28, 2020
- ↑ Hamburg FDP citizenship elects Katja Suding's successor. Suding and Schinnenburg move to the Bundestag. Abendblatt.de, October 6, 2017, accessed on October 18, 2017 .
- ↑ The father-city federation Hamburg received 40 seats, of which 22 were allocated to CDU members, 17 to FDP members and one to the DKP representative Carl Schlumbohm .
- ↑ The Hamburg block received 62 seats, of which 36 were CDU members, 18 FDP members and eight DP members.
- ↑ Statistics Office North: Mandates won in the 2015 mayor elections and their allocation on the state list according to list and individual votes and in the constituencies ( Link ), accessed on February 22, 2015.
- ↑ constituency mandate in the constituency of Blankenese
- ↑ Reading sample .
Represented in state parliaments: FDP Baden-Württemberg | FDP Bavaria | FDP Berlin | FDP Bremen | FDP Hamburg | FDP Hessen | FDP Lower Saxony | FDP North Rhine-Westphalia | FDP Rhineland-Palatinate | FDP Schleswig-Holstein | FDP Thuringia
Formerly represented in state parliaments: FDP Brandenburg | FDP Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | FDP Saarland | FDP Saxony | FDP Saxony-Anhalt
Currently represented in the citizenry:
SPD Hamburg |
CDU Hamburg |
GREEN Hamburg |
Die Linke Hamburg |
FDP Hamburg |
AfD Hamburg
Historically represented in the citizenry:
KPD Hamburg |
Father City Association of Hamburg |
DP Hamburg |
Radical Social Freedom Party |
Hamburg block |
Instead of party |
Rule of Law Offensive Party