FDP Thuringia
| FDP Thuringia | |||
|
|||
| Chairman | Thomas Kemmerich | ||
| Deputy |
Dirk Bergner Thomas Nitzsche Gerald Ullrich |
||
| Secretary General | Robert-Martin Monday | ||
| Treasurer | Frank-André Thies | ||
| executive Director | Tim Wagner | ||
| Establishment date | July 28, 1990 | ||
| Place of foundation | Weimar | ||
| Headquarters | Liebknechtstrasse 16 a 99085 Erfurt |
||
| Landtag mandates |
5/90 |
||
| Number of members | 1,258 (as of December 31, 2018) | ||
| Website | www.fdp-thueringen.de | ||
The FDP Thuringia is the regional association of the FDP in the state of Thuringia . It was created in 1990 as a consequence of the merger of the GDR block parties LDPD and NDPD with a few small, previously opposition groups. After the FDP had already been involved in the Thuringian state government from 1990 to 1994 , it briefly provided the state's prime minister with its state chairman Thomas Kemmerich from February 5, 2020 to March 4, 2020 . This led to the government crisis in Thuringia in 2020 . Kemmerich resigned from his position on February 8, 2020. With the election of Bodo Ramelow As Prime Minister on March 4, 2020, the participation of the FDP in government ended again.
history
Background: Liberal parties in Thuringia
In the predecessor states of Thuringia, too, there were a large number of liberal parties that were able to win majorities in elections in the second half of the 19th century. Since the end of the 19th century, the importance of the liberals has continued to decline. The rise of the Social Democrats followed in a mirror image. The decline of the liberal parties continued in the Weimar Republic as well. In the 1919 state elections the DVP still received 15.77% and the DDP 7.30% of the votes, the share of votes of these two liberal parties had shrunk to 11% in the 1929 state elections. In 1932 the DDP (1.87%) and DVP (1.80%) were only splinter parties.
In 1933, after the National Socialists came to power, the democratic parties were banned by the law against the formation of new parties .
LDPD Thuringia
After the Second World War , a liberal party was also founded in Thuringia. On June 9, 1945, the Democratic Party of Thuringia was founded in Weimar as the forerunner of the regional association. On December 2, 1945, the name was changed to Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (initially as LDP, later abbreviated as LDPD). On July 29, 1945, Leonhard Moog was elected as the first state chairman at the first state committee meeting. Dr. Alphons Gaertner and Hermann Becker became deputy state chairmen.
The LDP achieved great success in the local elections in September 1946. It became the strongest party in Erfurt and was able to appoint Paul Hach as the mayor of Erfurt until his arrest in October . In the semi-free elections to the Thuringian state parliament in 1946, the LDP was the second strongest party with 28.5% of the vote.
In the following years, the LDP (D) Thuringia was subject to increasing pressure from the SMAD to support the SED's policies without reservation. Alphons Gaertner escaped this pressure in 1948 by fleeing, Hermann Becker was arrested by members of the NKVD on July 23, 1948 during a break in the Thuringian state parliament and was only released in 1955. Leonhard Moog came to terms with the new rulers. With the sham elections conducted for unity lists state elections in the GDR in 1950 was equal circuit of the LDP completed. Despite his indulgence, Leonhard Moog was severely threatened in 1950 and had to flee to West Berlin to avoid the threatening show trial (during which he was sentenced to a long prison term in absentia).
The LDP, from 1952 LDPD, functioned from then on in Thuringia as in the rest of the GDR until 1990 as a block party within the framework of the National Front . Until the abolition of the states in the GDR in 1952, it was represented in the Thuringian state parliament , then in the district assemblies of the newly created districts of Erfurt , Gera and Suhl as well as in the district assemblies and municipal councils by a predetermined number of members. The same was true for the NDPD , which in 1990 also became part of the FDP Thuringia. The bloc parties were also involved in government organs at various levels, including the Council of Ministers and the Council of State of the GDR . The Thuringian Liberal Democrats appointed Hans Loch, the GDR's first finance minister.
Most of the members and elected officials of the FDP Thuringia in the years after the Peaceful Revolution had been members of the LDPD before 1989; likewise, most of the party's assets came from the LDPD. The LDPD Thuringia was the publisher of the Thuringian regional newspaper .
After the turn
In the revolution days liberal groups founded in many places. The newly founded German Forum Party and the Eastern FDP were the biggest players. For the first free Volkskammer election in 1990, these two parties joined forces with the LDPD block party to form the Bund Free Democrats . In order to further improve the chances of voting, the Bund Free Democrats met with the block party NDPD . The electoral alliance received 5% of the vote in Thuringia. The parties mentioned went on July 28, 1990 in the FDP Thuringia.
Through the integration of the bloc parties with well over 40,000 members, the FDP had the second largest number of members after the SED, renamed the PDS , and even before the CDU. However, the majority of these members left the party at short notice. In 1992 there were 8,000 members left. The number of members also fell continuously in the following years. In 2006, the number of members fell below 2,000 for the first time, and in 2016 it reached its lowest level to date with 1,181 members.
In the state elections in Thuringia in 1990 , the FDP and its top candidate Hartmut Sieckmann achieved 9.3% of the vote and, together with the CDU Thuringia, was able to form the Duchač government, in which the FDP provided three ministers. Of these, Hartmut Sieckmann, who took over the Ministry of the Environment, was one of the founders of the Eastern FDP that emerged after the fall of the Berlin Wall . The other FDP ministers in Thuringia - Deputy Prime Minister Ulrich Fickel as well as Hans-Jürgen Schultz , Minister of Economics until 1991, and his successor Jürgen Bohn , who was in office from 1991 to 1994 - came from the LDPD.
After the end of the first electoral term, a long phase of extra-parliamentary opposition began. In the state elections in Thuringia in 1994 , the FDP failed with 3.2% of the vote at the five percent hurdle . The state elections in Thuringia in 1999 were even more disastrous , in which the FDP only received 1.1% of the vote. Even if the FDP was represented nationwide in the crisis and from 1995 to 2000 nationwide in only four state parliaments, this was the FDP's worst result since it was founded. In 2004 the FDP tripled its result to 3.6%, but was again unable to move into the state parliament.
.jpg)
In the 21st century
It was not until the 2009 election that it was possible to return to the state parliament. With 7.6% of the vote and 7 mandates, the FDP was the fourth strongest party under top candidate Uwe Barth . The desired black-yellow coalition could not be formed because of the landslide-like losses of the CDU.
After one electoral period, the FDP again missed re-entry in the 2014 state elections with 2.5% of the vote. As a result, Uwe Barth did not stand for re-election as state chairman after an eleven-year term; Franka Hitzing was elected as his successor at the state party conference in November 2014 . However, she resigned in September 2015, so that initially Dirk Bergner took over the management, before Thomas Kemmerich was elected as state chairman in November 2015 .
Despite the temporary weaknesses at the state level, the Thuringian FDP is one of the strongest regional political associations. The FDP has 50 mayors and 400 municipal elected officials.
In the state elections at the end of 2019 , it was possible to get back into parliament with 5.007% of the votes. On February 5, 2020, the state parliament surprisingly elected Thomas Kemmerich as the new Prime Minister of the Free State of Thuringia with the votes of the AfD , the majority of the CDU parliamentary group and the FDP . For the second time in German history, the FDP provided a head of government on a supraregional level, after Reinhold Maier (1949–1953) in Baden-Württemberg . As a result, the party came under heavy criticism across the region: Many saw the election as breaking a taboo on cooperation with the AfD . Therefore, only one day later, Thomas Kemmerich announced his resignation. On February 8, 2020, Thomas Kemmerich then announced his resignation to clear the way for the new election of the Prime Minister.
Kemmerich's predecessor Bodo Ramelow was elected Kemmerich's successor on March 4, 2020.
program
The penultimate program of the state FDP is the "election program of the FDP Thuringia for the 6th legislative period of the Thuringian state parliament 2014-2019" under the title Thuringia decides .
structure
organization
The FDP Thuringia is divided into 21 district associations. At the state level, the state party congress is the highest organ. The state party congress consists of the democratically elected representatives of the district associations (delegates). Between the party congresses, the state party council is the second highest body of the FDP Thuringia. It consists of the members of the state board, elected representatives of the district associations and representatives of the liberal organizations. The state executive is elected every two years. Since 2010 it has consisted of a total of 15 elected members, including a Secretary General since 2004.
District associations
The Thuringian FDP is divided into the following 21 district associations:
- Altenburger Land
- Eichsfeld
- Erfurt
- Gera
- Gotha
- Greiz
- Hildburghausen
- Ilm district
- Jena-Saale-Holzland
- Kyffhäuserkreis
- Nordhausen
- Saale-Orla district
- Saalfeld-Rudolstadt
- Schmalkalden-Meiningen
- Sömmerda
- Sonneberg
- Suhl
- Unstrut-Hainich district
- Wartburg district-Eisenach
- Weimar
- Weimar Country
State technical committees
Nine state committees support the substantive work of the FDP Thuringia:
- Education, science, college, art
- Inside, justice, federal government, Europe
- economy
- Health, family, social issues
- Budget and finance
- International politics
- Transport, construction, infrastructure, environment, agriculture, forestry
- Network politics, new media and media literacy
- Equality and diversity
Party leader
| Years | Chairman |
|---|---|
| 1990-1994 | Andreas Kniepert |
| 1994-1999 | Peter Röhlinger |
| 1999 | Heinrich Arens |
| 1999-2002 | Andreas Kniepert |
| 2002-2003 | Karlheinz Guttmacher |
| 2003-2014 | Uwe Barth |
| 2014-2015 | Franka Hitzing |
| 2015 | Dirk Bergner (acting) |
| since 2015 | Thomas Kemmerich |
Parliamentary group
The FDP was represented in the Thuringian state parliament from 1990 to 1994 and from 2009 to 2014. Since 2019, the FDP parliamentary group has again been represented in the state parliament with five members, two of whom are women and three men. With Dirk Bergner as Vice President, the FDP is represented in the Presidium of the State Parliament.
The election of Thomas Kemmerich as Prime Minister of the Free State of Thuringia with votes from the AfD , CDU and FDP on February 5, 2020 led to the government crisis in Thuringia 2020 .
Members
| Years | Chairman |
|---|---|
| 1990-1994 | Andreas Kniepert |
| 2009-2014 | Uwe Barth |
| since 2019 | Thomas Kemmerich |
The FDP parliamentary group in the Thuringian state parliament from 1990 to 1994 included the following members: Peter Backhaus , Jürgen Bohn , Ulrich Fickel , Maria-Elisabeth Grosse , Achim Häßler , Hartmut Sieckmann , Olaf Stepputat and Annett Stiebritz ; the parliamentary group chairman was Andreas Kniepert . With Jürgen Bohn, Ulrich Fickel and Hartmut Sieckmann, the FDP parliamentary group provided three state ministers at the time; Fickel was also Deputy Prime Minister of the Free State of Thuringia.
The FDP parliamentary group in the Thuringian state parliament 2009–2014 included the following members: Dirk Bergner , Franka Hitzing , Thomas Kemmerich , Marian Koppe , Lutz Recknagel (until January 31, 2014, successors : Gisela Sparmberg ) and Heinz Untermann ; the chairman of the parliamentary group was Uwe Barth .
The FDP parliamentary group in the current Thuringian state parliament includes the following members: Thomas Kemmerich , Ute Bergner , Franziska Baum , Dirk Bergner , Robert-Martin Montag
Election results
State elections
| Results of the state elections | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| year | be right | Seats | |
| 1990 | 9.3% | 9 | |
| 1994 | 3.2% | - | |
| 1999 | 1.1% | - | |
| 2004 | 3.6% | - | |
| 2009 | 7.6% | 7th | |
| 2014 | 2.5% | - | |
| 2019 | 5.0% | 5 | |
Bundestag elections
| Bundestag election results | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | Country result | Federal
cut |
Seats | MPs |
| 1990 | 14.6% | 11.0% | 3 |
Karlheinz Guttmacher , Eva Pohl ,
Heinz Hübner (resigned in May 1992, successor : Christoph Schnittler ) |
| 1994 | 4.1% | 6.9% | 1 | Karlheinz Guttmacher |
| 1998 | 3.4% | 6.2% | 1 | Karlheinz Guttmacher |
| 2002 | 5.9% | 7.4% | 1 | Karlheinz Guttmacher |
| 2005 | 7.9% | 9.8% | 1 | Uwe Barth (resigned in September 2009, successor : Patrick Kurth ) |
| 2009 | 9.8% | 14.6% | 2 | Patrick Kurth , Peter Röhlinger |
| 2013 | 2.6% | 4.8% | - | - |
| 2017 | 7.8% | 10.7% | 2 |
Gerald Ullrich ,
Thomas Kemmerich (retired on November 15, 2019, successor : Reginald Hanke ), |
European elections
| year | choice | Country result | Federal cut |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | 4th European elections | 4.3% | 4.1% |
| 1999 | 5th European elections | 2.1% | 3.0% |
| 2004 | 6th European elections | 4.2% | 6.1% |
| 2009 | 7th European elections | 8.2% | 11.0% |
| 2014 | 8th European elections | 2.1% | 3.4% |
| 2019 | 9th European elections | 4.4% | 5.4% |
literature
- Andreas Hallermann: The FDP . In: Karl Schmitt , Torsten Oppelland (ed.): Parties in Thuringia. A manual . Droste, Düsseldorf 2008, ISBN 978-3-7700-5292-9 , pp. 41-137.
- Karl Schmitt, Torsten Oppelland: Political parties in Thuringia 1990–2011 (= Thuringia yesterday and today . 34). State Center for Civic Education Thuringia , Erfurt 2011, p. 69 ff.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Oskar Niedermayer : Party members in Germany. Version 2019. (PDF; 1.1 MB) In: fu-berlin.de. Retrieved February 19, 2020 .
- ↑ Martin Broszat, Gerhard Braas, Hermann Weber (eds.): SBZ manual. State administrations, parties, social organizations and their executives in the Soviet occupation zone of Germany 1945–1949. Oldenbourg, Munich 1993 (2nd edition), ISBN 3-486-55262-7 , page 981 Online , page 568
- ↑ Thuringian Liberals now united. In: New Time. July 30, 1990, p. 2.
- ^ Oskar Niedermayer : Party members in Germany. Version 2019. (PDF; 1.1 MB) In: fu-berlin.de. Retrieved February 19, 2020 .
- ↑ Thomas Kemmerich is the new Thuringian FDP leader. Die Welt, November 29, 2015, accessed on November 29, 2015 .
- ↑ FDP politician Thomas Kemmerich is the new Prime Minister on time online from February 5, 2020
- ↑ tagesschau.de: Kemmerich's resignation - almost only relief in Berlin. Retrieved February 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Prime Minister Kemmerich resigns. n-tv.de, accessed on February 8, 2020 .
- ^ FDP Landesverband Thüringen: FDP Thüringen - Die Liberalen online - Landtag election 2014. FDP Landesverband Thüringen, accessed on June 15, 2017 .
- ^ FDP Thuringia with a new board of state party conference 2010 in Bad Langensalza
- ↑ http://www.fdp-thueringen.de/gliederungen/index.html
- ^ Results of the state elections in Thuringia
- ^ Results of earlier federal elections. (PDF; 484 kB) In: bundeswahlleiter.de . August 3, 2015, accessed October 9, 2017 .
- ↑ Election of Members of the European Parliament from the Federal Republic of Germany: Results of previous European elections. (PDF; 181 kB) The Federal Returning Officer, June 2015, accessed on July 24, 2019 .
Represented in state parliaments: FDP Baden-Württemberg | FDP Bavaria | FDP Berlin | FDP Bremen | FDP Hamburg | FDP Hessen | FDP Lower Saxony | FDP North Rhine-Westphalia | FDP Rhineland-Palatinate | FDP Schleswig-Holstein | FDP Thuringia
Formerly represented in state parliaments: FDP Brandenburg | FDP Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | FDP Saarland | FDP Saxony | FDP Saxony-Anhalt
