European elections 2019
European elections 2019 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Composition according to political groups |
||||
EPP | Christian Democrats , Conservatives | 182 | -34 | |
S&D | Social democrats | 154 | -30 | |
Renew | Liberals , centrists | 108 | +39 | |
Greens / EFA | Greens , regionalists | 75 | +23 | |
ID | Nationalists , right-wing populists | 73 | +37 | |
EKR | Conservatives , EU skeptics | 62 | -13 | |
GUE / NGL | Left , left- wing socialists | 41 | –11 | |
Non-attached | 56 | +36 |
The 2019 European elections were the ninth direct election to the European Parliament . It took place from 23 to 26 May 2019 in the member states of the European Union . Around 427 million people were eligible to participate. The newly elected parliament met for the first time on July 2, 2019.
751 MPs were elected in the European elections. Contrary to what was originally planned, the United Kingdom did not leave the European Union before the election and thus took part in the election. After Brexit comes into force , the parliament is to be reduced to 705 members. Some of the seats so far given to the UK would be distributed to other Member States, but most would remain vacant.
In parallel to the European elections, further elections and referendums took place in several countries .
Election mode
According to Art. 223 TFEU , the European Council specifies uniform provisions for European elections . For example, proportional representation is prescribed as the electoral system , but the precise form is left to the Member States. Far-reaching reforms of the electoral law envisaged by the European Parliament were rejected. A largely modified draft was adopted by the Council of the European Union on June 18, 2018 . However, the implementation of the resolution on the 2019 election would have contradicted the guidelines of the Venice Commission , according to which electoral laws should be changed at least one year before the election. Therefore, in the 2019 elections, as in the previous elections, there were different rules on the threshold clause in the EU member states , e.g. B. in Germany no threshold clause, in Austria 4%.
Electoral area
Due to the large number of overseas territories outside the European continent , the 2019 European elections took place on all geographic continents . On the African mainland , for example, the inhabitants of Ceuta or Melilla, Spain, elected the European Parliament and on the South American mainland, the inhabitants of French Guiana participated . In addition, for example, residents of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon in North America , Saint Eustatius in Central America , French Polynesia in Oceania and residents of Cyprus in geographic Asia took part in the vote.
Differences among the overseas or special areas
Depending on the EU member state, the participation of special areas of the European Union in the 2019 European elections varied in particular. In principle, European elections take place in all parts of the EU; This includes the home countries on the European continent and the overseas territories with the status of the outermost region (GÄR). The Gaer are Madeira , the Azores , the Canary Islands and the way into the French State integrated overseas departments .
In fact, all other overseas territories are overseas countries and territories (OCT). This status is to be seen as an association with the EU without being a full part of the EU. In this category, the respective EU member states can decide for themselves to what extent these overseas territories participate in the European elections. All EU member states with OCTs that participated in the 2019 European elections are listed below. In France, all overseas territories, including the OCT, voted for the European Parliament; however, in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, de facto no election took place as there is no resident civilian population . In the Kingdom of the Netherlands , only the autonomous country of the Netherlands on the European continent with its special municipalities in the Caribbean , which are all OCT, elected the European Parliament. The three autonomous countries Aruba , Curaçao and Sint Maarten , which are also OCT, did not take part in the European elections.
Some special areas that are not overseas territories have a special status within the EU, but are an integral part of the EU. These special areas are Åland , Büsingen am Hochrhein , Campione d'Italia , Livigno , Ceuta , Melilla , the UN buffer zone in Cyprus , Gibraltar , Heligoland and Mount Athos . The 2019 European elections took place in all of these areas.
Other special areas are under the sovereignty of an EU member state under international law , but are not part of the EU. These are Akrotiri and Dekelia , the Faroe Islands , Greenland , the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man . In fact , this also applies to the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus , but its residents are entitled to vote in the Republic of Cyprus.
Distribution of the seats among the member countries
The number of MEPs to be elected per member state and possibly via the EU-wide lists is determined by a decision of the European Council on the initiative of the European Parliament. The principle of degressive proportionality applies , according to which larger countries generally have more MPs than smaller countries, while smaller countries have more MPs per inhabitant than larger ones . According to Article 14, Paragraph 2 of the EU Treaty , between 6 (smallest countries - Malta, Cyprus, Luxembourg) and 96 members (largest country - Germany) must be elected in each country.
Since it was expected that the United Kingdom would no longer belong to the EU at the time of the election ( Brexit ), the Committee on Constitutional Affairs (AFCO) of the EU Parliament suggested that 27 of the previous 73 UK seats should be included in this election the degressive proportionality to be distributed among the remaining member states.
The proposal to distribute the remaining 46 seats via EU-wide lists was rejected by the European Parliament in February 2018, but it confirmed the distribution of the remaining mandates to the other states in the event of Brexit.
The European elections in the individual EU member states
The following dates were set for the 28 national elections, taking into account national electoral habits. The Seats column contains the number of mandates given to this country. In brackets the additional mandates of the country after the Brexit came into force.
EU country with European elections | Seats | Date May 2019 |
Voting age ( active / passive) |
electoral circles |
Preferential vote |
blocking clause |
Seat allocation procedure |
Elective compulsory |
Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belgium | 21st | Sun. 26. | 18/21 | 3 | Yes | 5% | D'Hondt | Yes | Postal voting , delegated voting |
Bulgaria | 17th | Sun. 26. | 18/21 | 1 | Yes | - | Hare / Niemeyer | Yes | Survey |
Denmark | 13 (+1) | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 1 | Yes | - | D'Hondt | - | Postal vote |
Germany | 96 | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 16 * | - | - | Sainte-Laguë | - | Polls , postal votes |
Estonia | 6 (+1) | Sun. 26. | 18/21 | 1 | - | - | D'Hondt | - | Surveys , postal voting, internet voting |
Finland | 13 (+1) | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 1 | Yes | - | D'Hondt | - | Polls , postal votes |
France | 74 (+5) | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 1 | - | 5% | D'Hondt | - | Polls , delegated voting |
Greece | 21st | Sun. 26. | 17/25 | 1 | - | 3% | Enishimeni Analogiki |
Yes | Survey |
Ireland | 11 (+2) | Fri. 24. | 18/21 | 3 | Yes | - | STV | - | Survey |
Italy | 73 (+3) | Sun. 26. | 18/25 | * | 5Yes | 4% | Hare / Niemeyer | - | Survey |
Croatia | 11 (+1) | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 1 | Yes | 5% | D'Hondt | - | Survey |
Latvia | 8th | Sat. 25. | 18/21 | 1 | Yes | 5% | Sainte-Laguë | - | Polls , postal votes |
Lithuania | 11 | Sun. 26. | 18/21 | 1 | Yes | 5% | Hare / Niemeyer | - | Postal vote |
Luxembourg | 6th | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 1 | Yes | - | D'Hondt | Yes | Postal vote |
Malta | 6th | Sat. 25. | 16/18 | 1 | Yes | - | STV | - | Survey |
Netherlands | 26 (+3) | Thursday 23. | 18/18 | 1 | Yes |
kiesdeler (≈3.85%) |
D'Hondt | - | Surveys , postal votes, delegated voting |
Austria | 18 (+1) | Sun. 26. | 16/18 | 1 | Yes | 4% | D'Hondt | - | Polls , postal votes |
Poland | 51 (+1) | Sun. 26. | 18/21 | 13 * | - | 5% | D'Hondt (sub-distribution: Hare / Niemeyer) |
- | Survey |
Portugal | 21st | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 1 | - | - | D'Hondt | - | Survey |
Romania | 32 (+1) | Sun. 26. | 18/23 | 1 | - | 5% | D'Hondt | - | Survey |
Sweden | 20 (+1) | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 1 | Yes | 4% | Sainte-Laguë (modified) |
- | Polls , postal votes |
Slovakia | 13 (+1) | Sat. 25. | 18/21 | 1 | Yes | 5% | Quota procedure | - | Survey |
Slovenia | 8th | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 1 | Yes | - | D'Hondt | - | Polls , postal votes |
Spain | 54 (+5) | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 1 | - | - | D'Hondt | - | Polls , postal votes |
Czech Republic | 21st | Fri. 24th / Sat. 25th | 18/21 | 1 | Yes | 5% | D'Hondt | - | Survey |
Hungary | 21st | Sun. 26. | 18/18 | 1 | - | 5% | D'Hondt | - | Polls , postal votes |
United Kingdom | 73 (-73) | Thursday 23. | 18/18 | 12 | - | - | D'Hondt Northern Ireland: STV |
- | Surveys , postal votes, delegated voting |
Cyprus | 6th | Sun. 26. | 18/21 | 1 | Yes | 1.8% | Quota procedure | Yes | Survey |
EU country with European elections | Seats | Date May 2019 |
Voting age ( active / passive) |
electoral circles |
Preferential vote |
blocking clause |
Seat allocation procedure |
Elective compulsory |
Others |
European elections and Brexit
The British government had originally set March 29, 2019 midnight Central European Time as the time for the United Kingdom to leave the EU (“Brexit”). In March, the date was initially postponed to April 12, 2019, with the option of postponing it to May 22, 2019, the day before the European elections. On April 10, the British House of Commons instructed Prime Minister Theresa May to postpone the exit. The European Council agreed to this and agreed that the exit date would be 31 October 2019 at the latest. However, the exit can also take place earlier if an agreement is reached.
As the exit did not take place before the date of the European elections, the United Kingdom held an election to the European Parliament. The British Electoral Commission had set aside almost a million pounds early on for the election. The distribution of seats among the member states in the 2019 election corresponded to that of the 2014 European elections. The adjusted, new distribution of seats will come into force after the designated completion of Brexit.
If there had been a Brexit before the European elections, it would also have been unclear whether British citizens (without further EU citizenship) could be elected to other EU countries. If the United Kingdom had left on May 22nd at the latest, they would no longer have been eligible to vote on election day. However, since it was unclear when the exit would take place, the German federal electoral committee, for example, admitted a British candidate to the list of the Volt party and the Austrian NEOS placed a British national in 9th place, whom it would have deleted if the United Kingdom had left early would.
Further elections on the same election day
In some countries, other elections were held at the same time.
- In Belgium constitutionally took place parallel to the European elections
- the election of the Belgian Chamber of Deputies
- as well as the Flemish Parliament ,
- of the Walloon Parliament ,
- of the Parliament of the German-speaking Community
- and the Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region .
- In Germany took place parallel to the European elections
- the general election in Bremen took place. Added to that
- the local elections in Baden-Wuerttemberg , Brandenburg , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Rhineland-Palatinate , Saxony , Saxony-Anhalt , Thuringia and Saarland
- as well as the district assembly elections in Hamburg .
- Local elections and referendums were held in Ireland.
- In Lithuania, the runoff election for the presidential election was held.
- In Spain, elections to regional parliaments took place in 12 of the 17 autonomous communities . There were also elections for provincial parliaments, local councils and island parliaments.
- The election for mayor took place in Leonding (Upper Austria).
On the other hand, a planned postponement of the parliamentary elections in Finland 2019 was rejected, it took place on April 14, 2019.
Starting position
Parties, groupings and top candidates
Before the election, the European Parliament and the President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker spoke out in favor of the top candidate of the strongest party or coalition that unites a majority holding the highest office in the EU. H. Juncker's successor as President of the European Commission. All major parliamentary groups put up top candidates.
The Lisbon Treaty provides for the post of Commission President: “The European Council shall, after appropriate consultations, propose to the European Parliament, by a qualified majority, a candidate for the post of President of the Commission; Taking into account the results of the European elections. "is chosen, the Commission President by the European Parliament, which inter at the European Council before and after the election fractionally to maintaining the leading candidates principle urged reached by that time also Juncker in his office. Parliament cannot choose its own candidate.
On July 2, the governments of the member states agreed to propose the German Federal Minister of Defense Ursula von der Leyen ( CDU ) as President of the EU Commission to the Parliament of the European Union . The “Spitzenkandidat model” was not reflected in this proposal. Many parliamentarians and various politicians in the nation states did not like the decision in favor of von der Leyen, since the solution “was not democratic”, because von der Leyen was not positioned as a top candidate. On July 16, Parliament finally elected von der Leyen as President of the European Commission.
Manfred Weber | Frans Timmermans | Margrethe Vestager | Jan Zahradil | Ska basement | Bas Eickhout | Violeta Tomič | Nico Cué | Oriol Junqueras |
Christian Democrats ( EPP ) | Social Democrats ( PES ) | Liberals ( ALDE ) | Conservatives ( AKRE ) | Greens ( EGP ) | Left ( EL ) | Free Alliance ( EFA ) |
Overview of parties, parliamentary groups and other groupings
Registered European political parties
European People's Party
The European People's Party was the party with the most votes in the European Parliament at the time of the election. The incumbent Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker came from the ranks of the EPP and had announced that he would not be available for another term of office. Applicants for his successor were the Finnish ex-prime minister and current vice-president of the European Investment Bank Alexander Stubb and the EPP group leader Manfred Weber . Manfred Weber was elected EPP top candidate at a party conference on November 8, 2018 with 79.2 percent of the vote. In Germany the CDU and CSU belong to the EPP party family, in Austria the ÖVP . In the 2019 election, the CDU / CSU received 29 seats in the European Parliament, the ÖVP 7.
The EPP represents conservative , Christian democratic and pro-European positions.
European Social Democratic Party
The leading candidate of the PES and the S&D group was the incumbent First Vice-President Frans Timmermans . His only opposing candidate, Vice Commissioner Maroš Šefčovič , withdrew his candidacy in early November 2018. The top candidate was formally elected at a party congress on December 7th and 8th, 2018 in Lisbon . In Germany the SPD competes for the S&D, in Austria the SPÖ . In the 2019 election, the SPD won 16 seats in the European Parliament, the SPÖ 5.
The PES represents social democratic , socialist and pro-European positions.
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
On November 9, 2018, the European party Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) and the party La République en Marche (LREM) of French President Emmanuel Macron agreed on an alliance for the European elections. The European Democratic Party (EDP), to which Macron's partner party MoDem belongs, is also part of the previous ALDE group . In Germany the FDP belongs to the ALDE, in Austria the NEOS . In the 2019 election, the FDP received 5 seats in the European Parliament and the NEOS received one.
The ALDE party takes liberal positions. It was traditionally one of the parties that were one of the strongest advocates for a united Europe and wanted to deepen European integration significantly, but with the connection to LREM this integrative profile lost its substance.
The ALDE party did not put forward a top candidate, but rather the following Team Europe :
- Margrethe Vestager (Denmark, EU Commissioner, candidate for the Commission Presidency)
- Nicola Beer (Germany, top candidate FDP )
- Guy Verhofstadt (Belgium, ALDE parliamentary group leader, top candidate Open VLD )
- Violeta Bulc (Slovenia, EU Commissioner)
- Emma Bonino (Italy, former EU Commissioner, top candidate Più Europa )
- Luis Garicano (Spain, ALDE Vice-President, top candidate Ciudadanos )
- Katalin Cseh (Hungary, top candidate Momentum )
Alliance of Conservatives and Reformers in Europe
The Alliance of Conservatives and Reformers in Europe (AKRE) is a conservative , Eurosceptic and partly right-wing populist party. In addition to the European Christian Political Movement (ECPM), it is largely responsible for the ECR group . The AKRE's top candidate was its chairman Jan Zahradil ( ODS ). The German member is the LKR party , which received 0.1% of the vote and no seats in the 2019 election. The Family Party of Germany is very close to the EKR and won a mandate in the European Parliament in 2019, as in 2014.
European Green Party
The European Green Party (EGP) is next to the European Free Alliance the most important part of the Group of the Greens / European Free Alliance . The EGP traditionally competes with two top candidates in European elections. Ska Keller , who was one of the two top candidates in 2014 , and the Dutchman Bas Eickhout were chosen as the top candidates for the 2019 election at the 29th Congress of the European Green Party in Berlin on November 24, 2018. In Germany, Alliance 90 / The Greens stand for the EGP, in Austria the Greens . In the 2019 election, Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen achieved 21 seats in the European Parliament, the Greens 2.
The EGP represents green and left-wing liberal positions. It is one of the parties that are one of the strongest advocates for a united Europe and would like to further develop the integration of the EU.
Movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom
The movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom is a right-wing populist , national-conservative and Eurosceptic party. The previous ENF group wants to take on more members and re-establish itself under a new name. In addition to the previous ENF members, the alternative for Germany (AfD, previously EFDD parliamentary group), the Danish People's Party and the True Finns (both previously EKR parliamentary group) had declared joining the new parliamentary group . The leader of the Italian Lega , Matteo Salvini, was the unofficial lead candidate of the group . From Austria, the FPÖ is represented in the parliamentary group.
It is still unclear whether a common “right-wing parliamentary group” will come about, as Salvini or AfD co-chairman Jörg Meuthen is striving for. Neither the Polish PiS (ECR group) nor the Hungarian Fidesz (EPP group), both of which were courted by Salvini, expressed sympathy for the formation of a “right-wing group” before the election.
Steve Bannon , former advisor to US President Donald Trump , announced the establishment of a right-wing rallying movement under the name The Movement in autumn 2018 . However, the movement met with little response from the relevant parties.
In the 2019 election, the AfD won 11 seats in the European Parliament, the FPÖ 3.
Party of the European Left
The party of the European Left , often short European Left (EL), comprises 24 parties from 21 countries and at the time of the election made up 33 of the 52 members of the GUE / NGL parliamentary group . Like the GUE / NGL itself, membership of the EL is heterogeneous. The Slovenian MP Violeta Tomič and the Belgian trade unionist Nico Cué were the top candidates of the European left. In Germany, Die Linke competes for them , in Austria the list KPÖ PLUS - European Left - Open List . In the 2019 election, the left won 5 seats in the European Parliament, the KPÖ none.
European Free Alliance
The European Free Alliance (EFA) is an association of regional parties and parties of national minorities. Your twelve MPs at the time of the election were divided between the Greens / EFA and the EKR parliamentary groups . The top candidate was Oriol Junqueras from the Catalan ERC . At the time of his election, he was in custody in Spain because he was being tried for "rebellion" and misappropriation of public funds in connection with the controversial independence referendum of October 1, 2017 .
In Germany, the EFA member Bayernpartei has never won a mandate in the European Parliament, including in 2019.
European Democratic Party
The European Democratic Party (EDP) represents the smaller part of the members of the ALDE group in the European Parliament. It stands for centrist and pro-European positions and unites, for example, the MoDem from France, the Eusko Alderdi Jeltzalea from the Basque Country or the Free Voters from Germany. The EDP did not present any transnational top candidates for the 2019 European elections. In the 2019 election, the free voters won 2 seats in the European Parliament.
European Christian Political Movement
The European Christian Political Movement (ECPM) is an association of Christian conservative and Christian fundamentalist parties. Its six MEPs belong to the ECR group . In Germany, the ECPM member Alliance C joined, in Austria the CPÖ . In the 2019 election, Alliance C and CPÖ won no seats in the European Parliament.
Unregistered groupings
Europe of freedom and direct democracy
Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy (EFDD) is a specialty among the political groups in the European Parliament in that the member parties are not united in a single registered party after the Alliance for Direct Democracy in Europe was dissolved in 2017. The dissolution of the group after the 2019 European elections is considered certain; the Italian MoVimento 5 Stelle has announced the exit from the EFDD parliamentary group and the establishment of a new parliamentary group .
Maintenant le Peuple
In April 2018, the three left movements or parties La France insoumise (FI, France), Podemos (Spain) and Bloco de Esquerda (BE, Portugal) published the Lisbon Declaration . In this they demand a “democratic revolution in Europe” and the overcoming of the “neoliberal” and “authoritarian” EU treaties. The alternative to this should be implemented at the European and, if necessary, also at the national level.
In June 2018, the three parties together with three Nordic left-wing parties formed the electoral alliance Maintenant le Peuple (English Now the people , German roughly Jetzt das Volk ). While BE, EL and Vas. are still members of the party of the European Left, the Parti de Gauche , which belongs to FI, decided to withdraw from the European Left on July 1, 2018. Before the election, nine European parliamentarians were assigned to the MLP. The MLP MPs are expected to join the GUE / NGL parliamentary group after the election.
European Spring / DiEM25
The Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 (DiEM25) was founded in early 2016 by the former Greek Finance Minister Yanis Varoufakis . DiEM25 originally saw itself as a Europe-wide network, but decided in November 2017 to run the European elections with partner parties. DiEM25 is committed to European integration, but calls for extensive democratization of the EU. For the European elections in 2019 founded DiEM25 the electoral alliance European Spring ( Spring ). At the time of the election, three European parliamentarians were assigned to the European Spring. Varoufakis was the movement's leading candidate across Europe and stood in Germany on the Democracy in Europe list - DiEM25 . For the voters in Northern and Central Europe, however, the movement played no role in the 2019 election.
Europe of direct democracy
The Italian Five Star Movement (M5S, previously EFDD parliamentary group) planned to found a new parliamentary group together with Kukiz'15 (Poland), Zivi Zid (Croatia) and Liike Nyt (Finland). M5S party leader Luigi Di Maio is also considering the participation of the French yellow vests movement in the new parliamentary group . The group should be called "Europe of Direct Democracy". With the exception of a mandate for Živi Zid, none of the aforementioned groups won a mandate in the elections.
Initiative of communist and workers' parties
The initiative of communist and workers' parties to research and develop European issues and to coordinate their activities was founded in 2013 on the initiative of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE). The KKE, which is the only member of the initiative with mandates in the European Parliament, left the GUE / NGL parliamentary group after the 2014 election .
Smaller unregistered parties and groups
The following unregistered parties and party alliances took part (in alphabetical order):
- Alliance of European National Movements (AENM; 0 MEPs; non-attached or EFDD)
- Alliance for Peace and Freedom (APF; 2 MEPs; non-attached)
- Animal Politics EU (1 MEP; GUE / NGL Group)
- Europe - Democracy - Esperanto (E – D – E)
- European Federalist Party
- European Pirate Party (PPEU; 1 MEP; Greens / EFA Group)
- Feminists United Network Europe (FUN Europe)
- Volt Europe (Volt)
In the 2019 election, the party Mensch Umwelt Tierschutz (Animal Politics EU), the Pirate Party Germany (PPEU) and Volt Germany (Volt) each won a mandate in the European Parliament.
National parties without a European party family
In European elections, eligible voters can not only choose from parties that belong to a European party or a European alliance, but also choose other national parties and independent applicants without any connection to European parties or parliamentary groups. The national parties can be found in articles on national elections . In the 2019 European elections in Germany, two parties without a European party family were successful. The party with the apronym PARTEI won two mandates and the ÖDP one.
Forecasts
No Europe-wide polls were created for the European elections. Various institutes and sites formed a projection of the distribution of seats following the 2019 election based on national surveys. The projections generally related to the existing parliamentary groups and did not yet take into account any possible dissolution or the formation of new parliamentary groups. (An exception was the “dynamic scenario” of the projections by “The (European) Federalist”, which was based on certain assumptions about the reforming of the political groups. Numbers in italics denote values that are insufficient to form a political group).
The forecasts have been published since May 2017 (taking into account the withdrawal of the United Kingdom ). Brexit will reduce the total number of seats in the new parliament to 705. Due to recent political developments, some organizations also offered a “with UK” scenario. On April 10, 2019, the European Council decided to postpone the Brexit deadline to October 31, 2019. The United Kingdom therefore took part in the 2019 European elections.
date | source |
GUE / NGL |
G / EFA | S&D | ALDE ° | EPP | EKR | EFDD | ENF |
Legal populists § |
Left populists § |
moderate § | Non-attached | More * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Current Parliament (as of February 1, 2020) |
39 | 68 | 146 | 69 | 187 | 62 | 42 | 36 | - | - | - | 29 | - | |
May 19, 2019 |
EuropeanElectionsStats.eu (with UK; with new groups) |
50 | 58 | 151 | 73 & | 177 | 52 | 19 (potential M5S group) |
74 (potential EAPN group) |
50 | 2 | 45 (including 20 En Marche) |
- | - |
May 19, 2019 |
EuropeanElectionsStats.eu (without UK; with new groups) |
49 | 49 | 140 | 66 & | 184 | 46 | 21 (potential M5S group) |
78 (potential EAPN group) |
25th | 2 | 45 (including 22 En Marche) |
- | - |
May 14, 2019 |
EuropeanElectionsStats.eu (with UK; with new groups) |
48 | 57 | 147 | 76 & | 183 | 52 | 19 (potential M5S group) |
73 (potential EAPN group) |
47 | 2 | 47 (including 21 En Marche) |
- | - |
May 14, 2019 |
EuropeanElectionsStats.eu (without UK; with new groups) |
49 | 49 | 137 | 69 & | 191 | 43 | 21 (potential M5S group) |
76 (potential EAPN group) |
23 | 2 | 45 (including 22 En Marche) |
- | - |
05/09/2019 | The (European) federalist ("dynamic scenario with UK") | 52 | 60 | 155 | 102 | 166 | 89 | - | 98 | - | - | - | 29 | - |
05/09/2019 | The (European) federalist ("base scenario with UK") | 52 | 54 | 155 | 97 | 175 | 64 | 20th | 75 | - | - | - | 16 | 43 |
05/09/2019 | The (European) federalist ("dynamic scenario without UK") | 54 | 51 | 141 | 100 | 171 | 77 | - | 102 | - | - | - | 9 | - |
05/09/2019 | The (European) federalist ("base scenario without UK") | 54 | 45 | 141 | 95 | 183 | 51 | 1 | 79 | - | - | - | 15th | 40 |
Composition July 1, 2014 | 52 | 50 | 191 | 67 | 221 | 70 | 48 | 37 # | (12) § | (3) § | - | 15th | - |
Calculations from before May 2019 with Brexit seat reallocation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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background
In the run-up to the 2019 European elections, the Bertelsmann Foundation examined the attitudes and voting intentions of the population. After investigations of their platform "eupinions" a steadily increasing approval of the European Union could be ascertained. The Europeans, however, were increasingly skeptical of their institutions. In addition, the mood is characterized by an "anti-attitude" towards political parties.
Election result
The turnout across Europe was 50.63%, which is significantly higher than in 2014 (42.6%) and the highest since 1994 . Traditionally, there was the highest turnout
- in Belgium (88.5%) and
- Luxembourg (84.2%), where voting is compulsory , and on
- Malta (72.7%).
The highest increase in voter turnout was in
- Poland (23.8% to 45.7%) and in
- Spain (43.8% to 60.7%).
As in 2014, it was lowest in Slovakia (22.7%), albeit with a strong increase (2014: 13.1%).
Result according to political groups
fraction | EPP | S&D | EKR | ALDE | Greens / EFA | GUE / NGL | EFDD | ENF | Non-attached |
New parties * |
total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats in the outgoing parliament | 216 | 184 | 77 | 69 | 52 | 52 | 42 | 36 | 20th | - | 748 |
Seats after the election |
176 |
150 |
61 |
ALDR + R # 104 |
69 |
38 |
54 |
58 |
8th |
33 |
751 |
Sit after joining / crossing over |
182 |
154 |
62 |
Renew 108 |
75 |
41 |
- |
ID 73 |
56 |
- |
751 |
Gains / losses compared to the outgoing parliament | -34 | -30 | -15 | +39 | +23 | –11 | - | +37 | +36 | - | +3 |
Seats after Brexit (likely) | 187 | 148 | 62 | 97 | 68 | 40 | - | 76 | 27 | - | 705 |
Result according to European parties
European political party | Mandates | Profit loss | |
---|---|---|---|
European People's Party (EPP) | 174 | -34 | |
Party of European Socialists (PES) | 141 | -38 | |
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) | 80 | +21 | |
Movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom (MENL) | 57 | +30 | |
Alliance of Conservatives and Reformers in Europe (AKRE) | 55 | +15 | |
European Green Party (EGP) | 54 | +13 | |
European Left (EL) | 19th | -14 | |
European Free Alliance (EFA) | 12 | ± | 0|
European Democratic Party (EDP) | 10 | ± | 0|
European Pirate Party (PPEU) | 4th | + | 3|
Animal Politics EU | 3 | + | 1|
European Christian Political Movement (ECPM) | 2 | - | 4th|
Initiative of communist and workers' parties in Europe | 2 | ± | 0|
Alliance for Peace and Freedom (APF) | 2 | ± | 0|
Volt Europe | 1 | + | 1|
Non-party | 135 | -4 |
italics : unregistered parties
Distribution of seats by country
The following table contains the distribution of seats in the federal states, with the distribution among the political groups when Parliament was constituted on July 2, 2019. Its members had to report the groups by June 24, 2019. In brackets: Change of mandates after Brexit (according to the current status no later than October 31, 2019).
fraction country |
GUE / NGL | S&D | Greens / EFA | RE | EPP | EKR | ID | f'los | Seats in parliament | Participation in% | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
European Union | 41 (-1) | 154 (–6) | 75 (–7) | 108 (–11) | 182 (+5) | 62 (± 0) | 73 (+3) | 56 (-29) | 751 (-46) | 50.6 | ||||||||
Belgium | PTB-PVDA N | 1 |
PS sp.a |
2 1 |
Ecolo Groen |
2 1 |
Open VLD MR |
2 2 |
CD&V cdH CSP |
2 1 1 |
N-VA | 3 | VB | 3 | 21st | 88.5 | ||
Bulgaria | E.G | 5 | DPS | 3 |
GERB DB / DSB |
6 1 |
IMRO | 2 | 17th | 32.6 | ||||||||
Denmark | Tbsp | 1 | S. | 3 | SF | 2 |
V RV |
3 (+1) 2 |
Theatrical Version | 1 | DF K | 1 | 13 (+1) | 66.0 | ||||
Germany |
Left animal protection p. |
5 1 |
SPD | 16 |
Green ÖDP Pirate PARTY F Volt N |
21 1 1 1 1 |
FDP FW |
5 2 |
CDU CSU |
23 6 |
family | 1 | AfD D | 11 | POLITICAL PARTY | 1 | 96 | 61.4 |
Estonia | SDE | 2 |
RE K |
2 1 |
I. | 0 (+1) | EKRE N | 1 | 6 (+1) | 37.6 | ||||||||
Finland | VAS | 1 | SDP | 2 | VIHR | 2 (+1) |
KESK RKP |
2 1 |
COOK | 3 | PS K | 2 | 13 (+1) | 40.7 | ||||
France |
Fi GRS |
5 1 |
PS PP ND |
2 (+1) 2 1 |
EELV AEI PNC Independent |
8 (+1) 2 1 1 |
LREM N MoDem MRSL Agir Independent |
10 (+1) 5 1 1 4 (+1) |
LR LC |
7 1 |
RN Independent |
20 (+1) 2 |
74 (+5) | 50.1 | ||||
Greece | Syriza | 6th | Kinal | 2 | ND | 8th | EL N | 1 |
KKE XA |
2 2 |
21st | 58.8 | ||||||
Ireland |
I4C N SF Flanagan |
2 1 1 |
Green | 2 | FF | 1 (+1) | FG | 4 (+1) | 11 (+2) | 49.7 | ||||||||
Italy | PD | 19th |
FI SVP |
6 (+1) 1 |
FdI | 5 (+1) | Lega | 28 (+1) | M5S D | 14th | 73 (+3) | 54.5 | ||||||
Croatia | SDP | 3 (+1) | IDS | 1 | HDZ | 4th | HKS | 1 |
Živi zid N Kolakušić N |
1 1 |
11 (+1) | 29.9 | ||||||
Latvia | SDPS | 2 | LKS | 1 | AP! N | 1 | JV | 2 | N / A | 2 | 8th | 33.5 | ||||||
Lithuania | LSDP | 2 | LVZS | 2 |
DP LRLS |
1 1 |
TS-LKD AMT N |
3 1 |
LLRA | 1 | 11 | 53.5 | ||||||
Luxembourg | LSAP | 1 | Gréng | 1 | DP | 2 | CSV | 2 | 6th | 84.2 | ||||||||
Malta | PL | 4th | PN | 2 | 6th | 72.7 | ||||||||||||
Netherlands | PvdD | 1 | PvdA | 6th | GL | 3 |
VVD D66 |
4 (+1) 2 |
CDA 50PLUS N CU K |
4 1 1 |
FvD N SGP |
3 (+1) 1 |
PVV | 0 (+1) | 26 (+3) | 41.9 | ||
Austria | SPÖ | 5 | Green | 2 (+1) | NEOS | 1 | ÖVP | 7th | FPÖ | 3 | 18 (+1) | 59.8 | ||||||
Poland |
SLD Wiosna N |
5 3 |
PO PSL |
14 3 |
PiS SP |
25 (+1) 1 |
51 (+1) | 45.7 | ||||||||||
Portugal |
BE CDU / PCP |
2 2 |
PS | 9 | PAN N | 1 |
PSD CDS-PP |
6 1 |
21st | 30.7 | ||||||||
Romania |
PSD PRO K S |
8 (+1) 2 |
USR PLUS N |
4 4 |
PNL UDMR PMP |
10 2 2 |
32 (+1) | 51.1 | ||||||||||
Sweden | V | 1 | S. | 5 | MP | 2 (+1) |
C L |
2 1 |
M KD |
4 2 |
SD | 3 | 20 (+1) | 55.3 | ||||
Slovakia | SmerSD | 3 | PS | 2 |
SPOLU N KDH OĽaNO K |
2 1 (+1) 1 |
SaS | 2 | ĽSNS N | 2 | 13 (+1) | 22.7 | ||||||
Slovenia | SD | 2 | LMŠ | 2 |
SDS SLS NSi |
2 1 1 |
8th | 28.9 | ||||||||||
Spain |
UP / Podemos UP / IU UP / Independent AR / EH Bildu |
2 2 1 1 |
PSOE | 20 (+1) |
AR / ERC UP / ICV |
2 1 |
Cs EAJ-PNV |
7 (+1) 1 |
PP | 12 (+1) | Vox N | 3 (+1) | JxCat N | 2 (+1) | 54 (+5) | 60.7 | ||
Czech Republic | KSČM | 1 | Piráti N | 3 | ANO | 6th |
TOP 09 STAN KDU-ČSL |
2 1 2 |
ODS | 4th | SPD | 2 | 21st | 28.7 | ||||
Hungary |
DK MSZP |
4 1 |
Momentum N | 2 |
Fidesz KNDP |
12 1 |
Jobbik | 1 | 21st | 43.4 | ||||||||
United Kingdom | SF | 1 (-1) | Lab | 10 (-10) |
Green SNP PC |
7 (–7) 3 (–3) 1 (–1) |
LibDem APNI N |
16 (–16) 1 (–1) |
Con | 4 (-4) |
Brexit D DUP |
29 (–29) 1 (–1) |
73 (-73) | 36.9 | ||||
Cyprus | AKEL | 2 |
DIKO EDEK |
1 1 |
DISY | 2 | 6th | 45.0 |
literature
- Europe chooses . Themed edition of From Politics and Contemporary History , No. 4–5 / 2019.
- European Parliament elections . In: Information on political education . No. 339 / 2018–2019.
Web links
- Election to the 9th European Parliament in 2019 on the side of the Federal Returning Officer
- Offers from the Centers for Political Education in Germany:
- Federal Agency for Civic Education:
- Dossier European elections 2019 of the Federal Agency for Civic Education
- Dossier European elections 2019 of the press review eurotopics
- Voting guide for the 2019 European elections guides you step by step through the election process
- State headquarters:
- European elections 2019 on the information portal on political education
- Federal Agency for Civic Education:
- Election programs at European level:
- Overview of the European elections 2019 - Dossier on Deutschlandfunk
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://www.cda.nl/europa/actueel/nieuws/samenwerking-nederlandse-partijen-in-fractie-europese-volkspartij-evp/
- ↑ https://www.socialistsanddemocrats.eu/de/who-we-are/our-members/meps
- ↑ https://www.romania-insider.com/dacian-ciolos-leader-renew-europe
- ↑ https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/eu-gruene-bruessel-parlament-1.4488164
- ↑ https://taz.de/Neue-rechte-EU-Fraktion-gebilden/!5600109/
- ↑ https://ecrgroup.eu/article/ecr_group_holds_constitutive_meeting
- ↑ https://twitter.com/GUENGL/status/1141329851015737344
- ↑ European elections 2019 - The Federal Returning Officer .
- ↑ Paul Dallison: European Parliament sets date for election . January 11, 2018.
- ↑ Period for the election of the members of the European Parliament: Council confirms the period from 23 to 26 May 2019. In: consilium.europa.eu. European Council , Council of the European Union , May 22, 2018, accessed on August 12, 2018 .
- ↑ Facts at a Glance How Europe Votes , by Anna van Hove, " Der Spiegel " May 23, 2019
- ↑ Constituent meeting. European Parliament, July 2, 2019, accessed July 6, 2019 .
- ↑ DECISION OF THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL on the composition of the European Parliament. (PDF) European Council, June 19, 2018, accessed on April 11, 2019 .
- ↑ DRAFT MINUTES, COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION (Agriculture and Fisheries), June 18, 2018, page July 5 , 2018, accessed on July 4, 2018 .
- ↑ Peter Mühlbauer: 2019 European elections without a threshold clause? Retrieved June 26, 2018 (German).
- ↑ No threshold clause in the 2019 European elections . In: freiepresse.de . February 22, 2019, accessed April 30, 2019 .
- ↑ a b All Verkiezingsuitlagen voor Sint Eustatius (2012-2017). March 27, 2019, accessed May 21, 2019 (Dutch).
- ↑ a b Elections européennes 2014 / ARCHIVES ELECTIONS / Elections / DOSSIERS / Accueil - Portail de l'Etat en Polynésie française. Retrieved May 21, 2019 .
- ^ Résultats européennes 2019 Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon. Retrieved May 21, 2019 (French).
- ^ Peter Teffer: MEPs to keep 27 UK seats after Brexit. In: EUobserver. January 23, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ 2019 European elections: National rules , on europarl.europa.eu
- ^ Kiesraad (election commission): Zetelverdeling over partijen ; accessed on August 6, 2019.
- ↑ Stefan Binder: EU wants to offer Great Britain flexible extension. In: derStandard.at. April 9, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ EU grants further Brexit postponement. In: tagesschau.de . April 11, 2019, accessed April 11, 2019 .
- ↑ Peter Müller: Great Britain has to participate in the European elections if Brexit is postponed. In: Spiegel Online . February 2, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ^ Caroline Wheeler: John Bercow's committee sets aside nearly £ 1m for post-Brexit EU election. In: The Times . May 27, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ European Parliament resolution of 7 February 2018 on the composition of the European Parliament. In: europarl.europa.eu. European Parliament, February 7, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Neos go to EU election with British candidate. In: derStandard.at. March 22, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Martina Fitzgerald: Referendums on divorce and voting proposed for May 2019 . December 4, 2018 (English, rte.ie [accessed April 14, 2019]).
- ↑ El 26 de mayo de 2019: elecciones europeas, autonómicas y municipales. March 20, 2018, Retrieved April 14, 2019 (Spanish).
- ↑ Kristiina Tolkki: Vaalien yhdistämisestä ei löytynyt sopua: Kansalaisia uhkaa vaaliähky. Retrieved April 14, 2019 (Finnish).
- ↑ europarl.europa.eu
- ^ Paul Schmidt: EU top candidates: Only for the finest? .
- ^ Government press conference of May 27, 2019. In: bundesregierung.de . Retrieved on July 6, 2019 : "Article 17 (7) of the Treaty on European Union applies to the position of President of the European Commission."
- ↑ Von der Leyen is to become Commission President. In: wienerzeitung.at . July 2, 2019, accessed July 2, 2019 .
- ↑ Ursula von der Leyen's nomination shows where power really lies in the EU. In: nzz.ch . July 4, 2019, accessed July 6, 2019 .
- ↑ neuepresse.de : Ursula von der Leyen elected as the first woman to head the EU Commission ( Memento from July 16, 2019 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ ALDE does not officially nominate a single top candidate, but a "top team". However, Margrethe Vestager is among them as a candidate for the presidency of the Commission, cf. Welt.de (March 21, 2019)
- ↑ Peter Kapern: Alexander Stubb against Manfred Weber - sophisticated competition from Finland. In: Deutschlandfunk. October 18, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Florian Eder: Maroš Šefčovič withdraws from Socialist race for Commission top job. In: Politico.eu. November 5, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ European elections: top candidate Timmermans gives hope to Europe's social democrats. In: Handelsblatt. December 8, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ “Europe En Marche”: Can Emmanuel Macron split the ALDE? In: The (European) Federalist. Retrieved November 9, 2018 .
- ↑ Christoph Schult: President Macron wants to campaign with Europe's liberals. In: Spiegel Online . November 9, 2018. Retrieved November 9, 2018 .
- ^ Macron movement and liberals form alliance in EU election. In: derStandard.de. November 9, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Europe's liberals choose top team for the European elections. In: liberale.de. March 21, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Hannelore Crolly: Margrethe Vestager: Liberale wants to become head of the EU Commission . March 21, 2019 ( welt.de [accessed April 14, 2019]).
- ↑ Ifigenia Balkoura: Movers and Shakers. In: The Parliament Magazine. November 12, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Uwe Felten: European elections 2019: Europe's Greens are campaigning with Ska Keller and Bas Eickhout. November 24, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ^ A b c d ZEIT ONLINE: EU Parliament: New right-wing populist parliamentary group in the European Parliament . In: The time . April 8, 2019, ISSN 0044-2070 ( zeit.de [accessed April 14, 2019]).
- ↑ Justus Bender: European right-wing populists will change names again. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , April 9, 2019, accessed on April 14, 2019 .
- ^ A b Rebecca Ritters: Nationalists form an international faction. In: Deutsche Welle. April 8, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ European elections: “The Movement” starts in January. In: diepresse.com. October 22, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Maïa de la Baume, Silvia Sciorilli Borrelli: Steve Bannon's stuttering European adventure. In: politico.eu. March 5, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Two candidates from the people for the people. In: european-left.org. Retrieved April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Imprisoned Catalan politician, EU election top candidate. In: ORF. March 7, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ 2019 top candidates. (No longer available online.) In: Europe Elects. Archived from the original on May 7, 2019 ; Retrieved May 21, 2019 (American English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Uwe Sattler: Old camels, new alliances. In: new Germany. July 4, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ European elections 2019. And the left? In: www.kommunisten.de. February 8, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ European Spring Council agrees political program ahead of 2019 European Parliament elections. In: europeanspring.net. June 9, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ^ Gerardo Fortuna: Scrap Strasbourg seat, urges Italy's Di Maio. In: euractiv.com. January 15, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 (UK English).
- ↑ Le strane alleanze del Movimento 5th place in Europe. In: ilpost.it. January 11, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 (Italian).
- ↑ Luigi Di Maio: Nasce l'Europe della democrazia diretta: il nuovo gruppo europeo del Movimento 5 Stelle. In: Il Blog delle Stelle. January 9, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 (Italian).
- ↑ European animal welfare parties lay the foundations for cooperation in the 2019 European elections. December 18, 2017, accessed on April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ European election circular 4/2019. In: de.ede.eu. Europe - Democracy - Esperanto, March 19, 2019, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ PPEU - We need to talk! - Meeting tonight @ 20.00 CET. In: Pirate Times. November 27, 2015. Retrieved April 14, 2019 (American English).
- ↑ Nytt Feministiskt Nätverk i Europe / New Feminist Network in Europe. In: mynewsdesk.com. December 1, 2018, accessed April 14, 2019 .
- ↑ European Parliament: 2019 European elections: how many MEPs per country? February 1, 2018, accessed April 17, 2019 .
- ↑ European Parliament: Brexit: Does the UK need to hold European elections? April 14, 2019, accessed April 17, 2019 .
- ↑ europarl.europa.eu
- ↑ europarl.europa.eu
- ↑ a b Method .
- ↑ Cristóbal Rovira cold water, Robert Vehrkamp, Christopher Wratil: Europe has a choice - Populist attitudes and voting intentions in the European elections 2019 . Bertelsmann Stiftung, Gütersloh 2019 ( bertelsmann-stiftung.de [PDF; accessed on May 2, 2019]).
- ↑ Trends. In: eupinions. Retrieved May 2, 2019 .
- ↑ Anti-attitude towards parties shapes mood in the European elections. In: Welt Online. April 26, 2019, accessed May 2, 2019 .
- ↑ Every tenth person wants to vote on the right in the European elections. In: RP Online. April 26, 2019, accessed May 2, 2019 .
- ↑ https://twitter.com/greenparty_ie/status/1136011245386129408
- ↑ https://twitter.com/GreensEP/status/1135911169036709892
- ↑ https://ecrgroup.eu/article/ecr_group_welcome_new_members
- ↑ https://www.euractiv.com/section/eu-elections-2019/news/europes-far-right-touts-new-european-harmony-in-eu-vote/
- ↑ https://twitter.com/GUENGL/status/1135939897775312896
- ↑ https://twitter.com/nicosemsrott/status/1135901134869147649
- ↑ https://www.uni-muenster.de/NiederlandeNet/aktuelles/archiv/2019/0606-EKRAustritt.html
- ↑ https://twitter.com/guyverhofstadt/status/1138033457278464000
- ↑ https://www.euractiv.com/section/eu-elections-2019/news/five-star-struggles-to-form-or-join-an-eu-parliament-group/
- ↑ https://www.agerpres.ro/english/2019/06/08/dan-barna-pro-romania-affiliation-to-alde-renaissance-usrplus-out-of-the-question--323081
- ↑ https://twitter.com/GUENGL/status/1141329851015737344
- ↑ https://www.lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/1071080/maldeikiene-europos-parlamente-dirbs-desiniuju-frakcijoje-papildytas
- ↑ https://www.rd.nl/vandaag/buitenland/cu-en-sgp-in-eu-gescheiden-verder-1.1576369
- ↑ https://www.libertatea.ro/stiri/europarlamentarii-pro-romania-corina-cretu-si-mihai-tudose-se-vor-alatura-familiei-social-democratilor-din-parlamentul-european-2677522