Vox (party)
| Vox | |
|---|---|
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| Party leader | Santiago Abascal Conde |
| Secretary General | Javier Ortega Smith |
| Emergence | Split from Partido Popular |
| founding | 17th December 2013 |
| Alignment |
Right-wing populism National conservatism Nationalism Economic liberalism Anti-feminism Islamophobia Centralism |
| Colours) | green |
| Spanish House of Representatives |
52/350 |
| Spanish Senate |
3/265 |
| Number of members | 53,985 (November 10, 2019) |
| MEPs |
4/59 |
| European party | European Conservatives and Reformists Party (EKR) |
| EP Group | EKR |
| Website | www.voxespana.es/ |
Vox ( Latin for “vote”) is a national-conservative , right-wing populist party in Spain, which was founded in December 2013 by former members of the Partido Popular (PP) . It rejects the autonomy rights of the Spanish regions and instead strives for a centralized constitution; she rejects illegal immigration and feminism . In Spanish media she is sometimes classified as right-wing extremist .
founding
On January 16, 2014, Vox was officially presented at a press conference in Madrid . The reasons for the split were, according to their own statement, the compliant way with which the PP dealt with the Basque terrorist organization ETA . In addition, the wish for a centralized system in Spain was in the foreground, which is to stand in contrast to the quasi-federalist system of the autonomous communities of Spain from 1978 .
Program
The party initially focused on centralism, i.e. the rejection of the autonomy rights of regions such as the Basque Country and Catalonia and an economically liberal program. However, she then increasingly made statements critical of Islam and migration and criticized multiculturalism .
Vox also adheres to anti-feminism , calls radical feminists " Feminazi " from their point of view and calls, among other things, for the repeal of specific laws on violence against women in order to replace them with gender-neutral laws against violence in the family. From the perspective of the party, the current legislation contradicts the principle of equal rights enshrined in the Spanish constitution . Vox has a negative attitude towards abortion and same-sex marriages . It is also known as the Spanish tea party .
In the election campaign for the Spanish parliamentary elections in 2019 , Vox called for a more liberal gun law and further specified that one wanted to pass laws that would allow citizens to defend themselves on their property against alleged burglars, if necessary with gun violence. In addition, Vice President Manuel Mariscal announced in a party meeting that he wanted to close down a private TV channel that had reported critical of Vox “in the event of an election victory”. Party leader Abascal immediately objected, referring only to a planned closure of public broadcasters in the autonomous communities. Vox also announced the tightening of border security, including building walls to prevent illegal immigration to the Spanish exclaves of Ceuta and Melilla .
Board
The first party leader was the philosopher José Luis González Quirós. The current president of the party has been Santiago Abascal Conde since September 2014 . Other members are Iván Espinosa de los Monteros and José Antonio Ortega Lara .
elections
Early elections
The party stood for the first time in the European elections in Spain in 2014 , but could not win a seat with approx. 1.56%.
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In the 2015 and 2016 parliamentary elections , the party achieved 0.2% each.
Elections from 2018
In the regional elections in Andalusia in 2018 , the party moved into the regional parliament for the first time and won 12 seats with 11 percent of the vote. As a result of the elections, Vox was involved in the formation of the new regional government. In order to bring about a change of power, both the Partido Popular and the Ciudadanos party , which is considered centrist , decided to form a minority government under the leadership of Juan Manuel Moreno Bonilla and with the toleration of Vox. In return, compromises were made regarding political positions. In the April 2019 elections , she was able to achieve 10.3 percent of the vote and 24 seats. In the 2019 election to the EU Parliament , the party achieved 6.2 percent and moved into the EU Parliament for the first time with three members, where it became a member of the Group of European Conservatives and Reformers (FCR).
In addition, Vox was able to move into regional parliaments in several elections in 2019. Since then, Vox MPs have sat as opposition members in the regional parliaments of Aragon , Asturias , the Balearic Islands , Cantabria , Castile and León and Valencia . In the regions of Madrid and Murcia , MPs from the Vox again elected the PP candidates ( Isabel Díaz Ayuso and Fernando López Miras ) together with Ciudadanos as the new regional presidents.
financing
The election campaign of the Vox party in the European elections in 2014 was 80 percent financed by the National Council of Resistance of Iran in the amount of 800,000 euros.
The financial resources in the founding years 2013 and 2014 consisted of over 80% donations that the National Council of Resistance of Iran collected from its members for the party. Alejo Vidal-Quadras Roca , co-founder of Vox, played a key role in the removal of the People's Mujahedin , a sister organization of the National Council of Resistance, from the European list of terrorist organizations during his time as MEP .
Election results
| year | be right | proportion of | Mandates | space |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 58.114 | 0.2% |
0/350 |
15th |
| 2016 | 47,182 | 0.2% |
0/350 |
13. |
| 2019 (Apr.) | 2,688,092 | 10.3% |
24/350 |
5. |
| 2019 (Nov.) | 3,640,063 | 15.1% |
52/350 |
3. |
| year | be right | proportion of | Mandates | space |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 246.833 | 1.6% |
0/54 |
11. |
| 2019 | 1,393,684 | 6.2% |
3/54 |
5. |
Individual evidence
- ↑ Vox LOGRA más de 350 Afiliados en la noche electoral. In: La Razón . November 11, 2019, accessed December 31, 2019 (Spanish).
- ↑ a b Reactionary ideology on the advance , on eurotopics.de
- ↑ Los musulmanes de España entre dos fuegos: el yihadismo y la extrema derecha xenófoba , El Confidencial
- ^ Anne Grüttner: Europe's opponents show their muscles. In: Handelsblatt , May 19, 2014.
- ↑ Claus Leggewie: Europe first! A declaration of independence. Ullstein, Berlin 2017.
- ↑ Enrique Ávila López: Modern Spain. ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara (CA) 2016, p. 83.
- ^ FAZ: Socialists win election - no own majority in sight , April 29, 2019
- ^ Nace Vox, el partido político de Santiago Abascal y Ortega Lara . Libertad Digital. January 14, 2014. Retrieved March 16, 2014.
- ↑ Abascal deja el PP y acusa a Rajoy de 'traicionar sus ideas'. In: elmundo.es. November 25, 2013, Retrieved December 28, 2018 (Spanish).
- ↑ http://www.elmanifiesto.com/articulos.asp?idarticulo=5047
- ↑ ¿Por qué Vox está en contra de la Ley de violencia de género? In: cope.es. January 4, 2019, accessed June 13, 2019 (Spanish).
- ↑ A new party scares the conservative PP . TIME ONLINE. February 11, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2015.
- ↑ EU election could bring the end of the two-party system in Spain . derStandard.at. February 17, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2015.
- ↑ Vox explica que su propuesta sobre armas no está pensada para llevarlas por la calle y venderlas en supermercados. In: europapress.es. March 20, 2019, accessed June 13, 2019 (Spanish).
- ↑ Spain's right-wing party Vox wants to close the media and build a wall instead - derstandard.at/2000102106809/Spaniens-Rechtspartei-Vox-will-Medien-schliessen-und-dafuer-Mauer-bauen , on derstandard.at
- ↑ Un dirigente de Vox amenaza con cerrar La Sexta si llega a gobernar. In: ABC . April 28, 2019, Retrieved June 13, 2019 (Spanish).
- ↑ Vox propone construir un muro de Ceuta con los 1.800 millones de que dejarán pagarle "a la televisión golpista de TV3". In: Cadena SER . April 23, 2019, Retrieved June 13, 2019 (Spanish).
- ↑ Tristeza y decepción en Vox tras los resultados de las Elecciones Europeas in libertaddigital.com
- ↑ http://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/ausland/andalusien-sozialdemokrats-siegen-rechtspopulisten-im-parlament-15921830.html
- ↑ https://www.stuttgarter-zeitung.de/inhalt.rechtspopulisten-in-andalusien-macht-spanien-wieder-gross.4b6da477-d6f3-4697-8c8f-cf078c11b327.html
- ↑ Annette Prosinger: New coalition in Spain: the Andalusian pact with Vox . January 16, 2019 ( welt.de [accessed September 30, 2019]).
- ^ Stalemate in Spain: election winner Sanchez facing a difficult task. In: news.orf.at. April 28, 2019, accessed August 7, 2019 .
- ↑ VOX se integrará en el Grupo de Conservadores y Reformistas. In: www.voxespana.es. Vox, June 13, 2019, accessed June 14, 2019 .
- ↑ Cortes of Aragon election results, May 26, 2019. June 6, 2019, accessed September 30, 2019 .
- ↑ 26 May 2019 General Junta of the Principality of Asturias election. May 26, 2019, accessed September 30, 2019 .
- ↑ BOIB, butlletí oficial. Retrieved September 30, 2019 .
- ↑ Parliament of Cantabria election, May 26, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2019 .
- ^ Elecciones Autonómicas Cortes de Castilla y León. Retrieved September 30, 2019 .
- ↑ Eleccions Autonòmiques Corts Valencianes. Retrieved September 30, 2019 .
- ↑ Isabel Díaz Ayuso es elegida presidenta de la Comunidad de Madrid con el apoyo de Ciudadanos y Vox. Retrieved September 30, 2019 (Spanish).
- ↑ López Miras, investido presidente de la Región de Murcia con el apoyo de Ciudadanos y Vox. July 26, 2019, accessed September 30, 2019 (Spanish).
- ↑ https://elpais.com/politica/2019/01/11/actualidad/1547224673_461197.html Joaquín Gil y José María Irujo: "El exilio iraní financió el 80% de la campaña de Vox de 2014" El País, 13. January 2019
- ↑ Iranian opponents of the regime sponsored Vox party: 971,890 euros for Spain's far right , by Raniah Salloum and Christoph Sydow, Der Spiegel January 23, 2019
- ↑ https://elpais.com/politica/2019/01/11/actualidad/1547224673_461197.html Joaquín Gil y José María Irujo: "El exilio iraní financió el 80% de la campaña de Vox de 2014" El País, 13. January 2019
Web links
- Vox Official Homepage (Spanish)