Sverigedemokraterna

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Sverigedemokraterna
The Sweden Democrats
Sweden Democrats logo
Party leader Jimmie Åkesson
Party leader Jimmie Åkesson
founding February 6, 1988
Headquarters Stockholm
Youth organization Ungsvenskarna Sverigedemokratisk Ungdom (SDU)
newspaper SD Kurirs
Alignment Right-wing populism ,
nationalism ,
national conservatism ,
EU skepticism
Colours) Blue yellow
Parliament seats
62/349
Number of members 23,200
MEPs
3/21
European party European Conservatives and Reformists Party (EKR)
EP Group EKR
Website sverigedemokraterna.se

Sverigedemokraterna ( SD for short , German: The Sweden Democrats ) are a right-wing populist party in Sweden founded in 1988 . Party chairman has been Jimmie Åkesson since 2005 , his predecessor was Mikael Jansson (1995-2005). Since the 2010 general election , the SD is in the Swedish parliament represented.

history

Party logo until 2013

The roots of the SD lie in the racist and right-wing extremist movement Bevara Sverige Svenskt (German: "Sweden should stay Swedish"), which in 1986 merged with the Framstegspartiet (German "Progress Party") to form the Sverigepartiet (German "Sweden Party") . At its head was initially Stefan Herrmann, the former chairman of the Framstegspartiet , but who was expelled from the Sverigepartiet in October 1987 . Thereupon Herrmann and his supporters again called the Framstegspartiet into being, while the rest of the Sverigepartiet also re-founded in 1988 as Sverigedemokraterna .

In autumn 2010 the SD stated that it had around 5,000 members. The SD founded a youth organization called Sverigedemokratisk Ungdom (SDU) (German Sweden Democratic Youth ) in 1998, which was founded in 1998. In September 2015, the SD officially broke away from the SDU after a newly elected SDU chairman had represented positions that were contrary to the line of renewal of the parent party. The latter should lead the SD away from its racist and right-wing extremist roots. The SD announced the establishment of a new youth organization.
There is a party newspaper called SD-Kuriren (SD-Kurier).

Before the 2010 Reichstag election, several newspapers in Sweden rejected advertisement requests from the SD; the SD has complained about this. Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet lifted their boycott; the tabloid Expressen continued it for a while.

The party colors are blue and yellow, the colors of the flag of Sweden .

Political classification

Political content

The main themes of the SD during the 2010 election campaign were integration, immigration, economic and family policy. The SD wants to lower taxes, limit the influence of politics on the economy and strengthen small and medium-sized companies. A more rigid asylum and immigration policy could save costs "that the multicultural social experiment devours". Tax cuts are possible without having to cut social benefits. The traditional family (husband, wife and children) is better than same-sex marriage ; the latter should be abolished. Homosexual couples should not have the right to adopt children .

The previous immigration and integration policy had failed. The SD is the only party that dares to say so openly. Immigration has caused social and economic problems that need to be solved: “A homogeneous society has better conditions for peaceful and democratic development than a heterogeneous one.” The SD therefore has strict restrictions on immigration and the expulsion of larger groups endorsed by foreigners. She referred to the UN refugee agency UNHCR , according to which the ideal end to an asylum procedure is return to the home country.

“Traditional Swedish values” and Swedish culture are threatened by immigration, Islamization (from the perspective of the SD) , globalization and “cultural US imperialism”. The SD rejects supranational units such as the European Union and instead advocates cooperation between individual states, especially between the Nordic countries . The SD rejects a possible EU membership of Turkey .

In 2015 the SD advocated tightening the penalties for crimes and introducing a public register listing those convicted of child sexual abuse.

The SD denies (as of 2017) the basic findings of climate research, i. H. it ignores the scientific consensus on man-made global warming .

In the elections to the European Parliament in 2014, the SD came up with the demand that Sweden should leave the EU. In February 2019, the SD party executive decided (in view of the disadvantages of leaving the EU that had become known during Brexit ) not to demand this anymore. The chairman Jimmie Åkesson said, however, that the SD wanted to continue to position itself as the most critical of the EU party. According to Radio Sweden , the SD planned to work in the European Parliament with the nationalist parties of other countries to reform the EU from within.

Media and Political Science

The SD has described itself as “national” and has stated that it rejects any form of racism . Various Swedish media and political scientists have classified them as hostile to foreigners and immigrants.

Connections to other groups

The parliamentarians Kent Ekeroth was temporarily board member of the 2017 resolution European party European Alliance for Freedom (EAF), which was also members of the Front National , the Austrian Freedom Party (FPÖ) and the Vlaams Belang were involved. The youth organization SDU participated in the founding of the EAF youth organization Young European Alliance for Hope (YEAH). After the 2014 European elections , however, the newly elected MEPs and the party executive distanced themselves from the EAF. The parliamentarians joined the Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy Group , which was then dominated by the UK Independence Party and the MoVimento 5 Stelle . The SDU ended its participation in YEAH.

The SD was advised in 2009 by a man named Alan Lake, who was considered one of the strategists of the Islamophobic English Defense League (EDL). The EDL has contacts with the right-wing British National Party .

Voters and image

The SD is particularly popular in southern Sweden, especially in the province of Skåne , where it achieved double-digit election results earlier than in other provinces. It appeals primarily to young and male voters. As early as the late 1990s, under party chairman Mikael Jansson, the party tried to break away from the right-wing extremist milieu and to appear more serious and bourgeois. Åkesson led this strategy a. a. continued in the 2006 election campaign and based the SD on the model of the Austrian FPÖ.

Election results

Election result in the election for the Swedish Reichstag 2010 according to municipalities

Elections 1994 to 2002

In the local elections in 1994, the SD won seats in three municipal councils, and in 2002 in 30 municipalities. In the Reichstag elections of 2002 they received 1.4% of the vote, about four times as much as in the choice before.

Reichstag and local elections 2006

In the 2006 election for the Swedish Reichstag, the SD received 2.93% of the vote and thus missed the four percent threshold for entry into the Reichstag. In the southern Swedish provinces of Skåne län and Blekinge län, as well as in some parts of the other Swedish provinces, it received over four percent of the vote.

In the 2006 municipal council elections in the municipality of Landskrona , the SD achieved its best result with 22.26%. At the national level, the SD in Bjuv achieved the best result with 10.30%. In total, the SD had 286 municipal mandates in 145 Swedish municipalities.

Reichstag election 2010

In the Reichstag election on September 19, 2010 , the SD received 5.7% of the vote. It sent 20 members to the Reichstag, 17 of whom were men.

European elections 2014

In the European elections in 2014 the SD moved first time to the European Parliament. She received 9.7% of the vote and thus two MPs. They joined the Group on Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy .

Reichstag election 2014

In the Reichstag election on September 14, 2014 , the SD received 12.9% of the vote and 49 seats in the Reichstag. The Sweden Democrats performed particularly well in the southern Swedish province of Skåne län ; The party with the largest number of votes was in the local communities of Sjöbo and Hörby .

Reichstag election 2018

Parties with the highest number of votes in the 2018 Reichstag election by constituency (left) and municipalities (right): Social Democrats Moderate rallying party Sweden Democrats




In the Reichstag election on September 9, 2018 , the SD received 17.53% of the votes cast and 62 of the 349 members of parliament.
In about 30 constituencies in southern Sweden, especially in the southern Swedish province of Skåne län , the SD received the most votes in percentage terms:

European elections 2019

In the European elections in Sweden in 2019 , the SD received 15.34% of the vote and won three parliamentary seats. These joined the European Conservatives and Reformists Group .

literature

  • Ann-Cathrine Jungar: Convergence by different means: The Finns Party and the Sweden Democrats . In: Frank Decker , Bernd Henningsen , Kjetil Jakobsen (eds.): Right-wing populism and right-wing extremism in Europe. The challenge of civil society through old ideologies and new media . Nomos, Baden-Baden 2015, ISBN 978-3-8487-1206-9 , pp. 187 ff.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Parti Erna tappar Medlemmar . In: ETC , January 29, 2016, accessed October 5, 2016
  2. ↑ Anna-Lena Lodenius / Stieg Larsson, Extremhögern , Stockholm 1991, pp. 17–32
  3. ^ Forum för levande historia : Music in gränslandet
  4. ↑ Heléne Lööw: Sverigedemokraterna inga arvtagare till nationalsocialisterna (PDF; 79 kB), publication by the svenska kommitten mot antisemitism from November 2006
  5. ↑ Sweden Democrats form new youth organization (Swedish).
  6. ^ Dagens Nyheter: Fritt fram för Sverigedemokraterna att annonsera
  7. ↑ Valmanifest ( Memento of May 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), p. 7
  8. ↑ http://www.utro.ru/news/2015/09/10/1254995.shtml
  9. ↑ Sweden to end net carbon emissions by 2045 . In: Deutsche Welle , June 16, 2017. Accessed June 19, 2017.
  10. ^ Sveriges Radio: Åkesson: EU kan reformeras inifrån - Nyheter (Ekot). Retrieved February 6, 2019 (Swedish).
  11. ↑ Karin Borevi, Per Strömblad (Ed.): Integrationspolitiska Maktutredningen , Stockholm 2004, p. 36
  12. ↑ Stieg Larsson / Mikael Ekman: Sverigedemokraterna - den nationella rörelsen , Stockholm 2001, p. 249 ff.
  13. ^ The Telegraph online, October 10, 2009, accessed January 5, 2011
  14. ↑ Jens Gmeiner: The Swedish parliamentary election 2010. High phase and end point of the rigid bloc politics? In: NORDEUROPAforum (2011: 1), p. 88. Abstract here ; Full text (pp. 73–96) here (pdf).
  15. ^ Valmyndigheten: Val 2006: slutligt valresultat
  16. ^ Valmyndigheten: Val till communfullmäktige i Landskrona
  17. ↑ Valmyndigheten: Högst och lägst av alla communer i riksdagsvalet
  18. ↑ Sweden. Results by national party: 2019-2024. European Parliament, results of the European elections