Feminazi

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Polish nationalists on International Women's Day 2010 with “Feminazi STOP!” And the Venus symbol in a Nazi flag

Feminazi is a trunk word from ( English ) feminist and Nazi . The term is attributed to the right-wing American radio host Rush Limbaugh , who popularized it in the 1990s. The battle cry is used against feminists as well as against women in general.

origin

Rush Limbaugh popularized this term among conservatives in the United States during the 1990s . Initially it was directed against pro-choice supporters, a movement for women's abortion rights. Limbaugh himself claims to have taken the expression from Tom Hazlett , a professor of law and economics.

Limbaugh referred to participants in the March for Women's Lives , a large pro-choice demonstration, in particular members of the National Organization for Women, as Feminazi . He also applied the term to outspoken supporters of abortion , since abortion is the most important means for “militant feminists” to pursue power and to promote their belief in the superfluity of men.

meaning

The term is part of US political jargon and is used, in particular by anti-feminist groups and members of the men's rights movement , to defame feminist positions and individual feminists, but also against women in general. While other swear words such as “ bitch ” have partly changed their meaning towards a positive use, this has not yet happened with the term “Feminazi” because the source term “Nazi” has too negative connotations and the association with the target “woman” is too strong. The word component "Nazi" is not to be seen here in the actual literal sense of the political attitude, but as a metaphor intended to suggest totalitarian zeal. In the German-speaking world, too, the men's rights movement specifically uses the medium of the Internet to attack women and feminism using the catchphrase feminism.

According to Michael Kimmel and Michael Kaufman , the phrase is a good example of how the backlash works against feminism. By combining something that is not supported (feminism) with something that hardly anyone supports (Nazis), one hopes to win over public opinion.

literature

  • John K Wilson: Bitches, Butt Boys and Feminazis: Limbaugh's Sexism and Homophobia . In: The Most Dangerous Man in America: Rush Limbaugh's Assault on Reason . Thomas Dunne Books, New York 2011, ISBN 978-0-312-61214-6 , pp. 43-65 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Nancy Levit: The Gender Line: Men, Women, and the Law . NYU Press, 1998, ISBN 978-0-8147-5295-1 ( google.de [accessed January 3, 2018]).
  2. ↑ David J. Hoaas, Lori D. Zimbelman, Harold R. Christensen: The Economic Pronouncements of Social Philosophers: Rush Limbaugh and Will Rogers . In: Studies in Popular Culture . tape 17 , no. 2 , April 1995, ISSN  0888-5753 , p. 97 .
  3. ^ Jeremy Schulman: Limbaugh defended his use of the term "feminazi" as "right" and "accurate". In: Media Matters for America. October 10, 2007, accessed March 11, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Britt Gillette, The Dittohead's Guide to Adult Beverages , Regnery Publishing, 2005, page xii .
  5. ↑ Toril Moi :? I Am Not a Feminist, But ??: How Feminism Became the F-Word . In: PMLA . tape 121 , no. 5 , October 2006, ISSN  0030-8129 , p. 1735–1741 , doi : 10.1632 / pmla.2006.121.5.1735 .
  6. ^ The Oxford Dictionary of American Political Slang , Oxford University Press 2006, ISBN 978-0-19-530447-3 , p. 105. Also online in Oxford Dictionaries .
  7. ^ Myra Marx Ferree: Soft Repression: Ridicule, Stigma, and Silencing in Gender-Based Movements . In: Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change . tape 25 , 2004, ISBN 978-0-7623-1037-1 , pp. 85-101 , doi : 10.1016 / s0163-786x (04) 25004-2 .
  8. ^ Debbie Ging: Alphas, Betas, and Incels: Theorizing the Masculinities of the Manosphere . In: Men and Masculinities . May 10, 2017, ISSN  1097-184X , p. 9 , doi : 10.1177 / 1097184X17706401 .
  9. ↑ a b Katja Plemenitaš: Metaphorical Elements in Gendered Slurs . In: BAS British and American Studies . No. 23 , 2017, ISSN  1224-3086 , p. 207-217 ( ceeol.com ).
  10. ↑ Tony Veale, Cristina Butnariu: Harvesting and understanding on-line neologisms . In: Alexander Onysko, Sascha Michel (ed.): Cognitive Perspectives on Word Formation (=  Walter Bisang , Hans Henrich Hock, Werner Winter [ed.]: Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs . No. No. 221 ). De Gruyter Mouton , 2010, ISBN 978-3-11-022360-6 , ISSN  1861-4302 , p. 399-420 , doi : 10.1515 / 9783110223606 ( The Creative Language System Group at UCD [PDF]).
  11. ↑ Leonie Maria Tanczer: Post, Gender, Internet? In: Clara Landler, Peter Parycek, Matthias C. Kettemann (eds.): Network policy in Austria: Internet, power, human rights. Final report June 2013. Internet & Gesellschaft Collaboratory eV, Ed. Danube Univ. Krems, Krems 2013, ISBN 978-3-902505-33-0 , p. 65; limited preview in Google Book search
  12. ^ "Feminazi", in: Michael Kaufman, Michael Kimmel: The Guy's Guide to Feminism , Seal Press 2011, ISBN 978-1-58005-362-4 .