Parliamentary election in Finland 2019
The 38th election to the Finnish Parliament took place on April 14, 2019.
All 200 members of the one-chamber parliament (Finnish eduskunta , Swedish riksdagen ) were newly elected for a four-year term.
It was the first parliamentary election in which neither party received more than 20 percent. For the first time since the 1999 election, the strongest party was the Social Democrats (SDP), just ahead of the Basic Fins (PS) and the rallying party (KOK);
The Finnish Center Party (KESK) of Prime Minister Juha Sipilä lost over seven percentage points and achieved the worst result since 1917 with 13.8 percent. The Green Bund (VIHR) gained more votes (11.5% after 8.5% in the Election 2015). The gains and losses of the other parties were marginal.
After the election, the Social Democrats, Center, Greens, Left and Swedish People's Party (RKP) formed a center-left coalition on June 6, 2019. Antti Rinne , SDP chairman since 2014, formed the Rinne cabinet . On December 3, 2019, however, he announced his resignation. Successor as Finnish Prime Minister was SDP member Sanna Marin , who had previously been Minister of Transport and Communications in the cabinet , on December 10, 2019 . She was sworn in together with the new Marin cabinet.
Electoral system
The parliament (Finnish eduskunta , Swedish riksdagen ) is elected for four years according to proportional representation. Each voter has one vote that he gives to a particular candidate and thus also votes for his list. The country is divided into 13 constituencies, in which the seats are distributed according to the D'Hondt procedure . The applicants with the most votes are selected from a list. Åland has only one MP; the autonomous archipelago has its own party system. Every Finnish citizen aged 18 and over is entitled to vote.
The country's government, the Council of State (valtioneuvosto) , has been directly responsible to parliament since the constitutional reform. The Prime Minister is elected directly by Parliament, the other members are appointed by the President on the proposal of the Prime Minister. Traditionally, large coalitions are formed in Finland beyond what is necessary to create an absolute majority.
Constituencies
The constituencies are numbered from 1 to 13 from the south. The mandates are distributed to the constituencies proportionally to their population according to the population at the end of the seventh month before the election. Åland (number 05) always receives a mandate. In parliament, the Åland mandate holder always joins the parliamentary group of the Swedish People's Party (SFP-RKP). In 2013, four smaller constituencies were merged into two larger ones ( Southeast Finland and Savo-Karelia ).
The constituencies are as follows:
# | Constituency | Seats | map |
---|---|---|---|
01 | Helsinki | 22nd | |
02 | Uusimaa | 36 | |
03 | Varsinais-Suomi | 17th | |
04 | Satakunta | 8th | |
05 | Åland | 1 | |
06 | Malice | 14th | |
07 | Pirkanmaa | 19th | |
08 | Southeast Finland | 17th | |
09 | Savo Karelia | 15th | |
10 | Vaasa | 16 | |
11 | Central Finland | 10 | |
12 | Oulu | 18th | |
13 | Lapland | 7th |
Starting position
The incumbent government was formed by three parties in a center-right coalition consisting of the Center Party , the True Finns and the National Assembly Party . On May 28, 2015, the parliament elected Juha Sipilä as Prime Minister with 128 votes .
On June 10, 2017, the True Finns elected Jussi Halla-aho as the new party leader after long-time chairman Timo Soini resigned. After the talks between the coalition partners, Sipilä and Finance Minister Petteri Orpo announced that they no longer wanted to form a coalition with the True Finns.
The government's resignation was averted on June 13, 2017, when twenty MPs, including all cabinet members, announced their withdrawal from the True Finns party and organized themselves into the newly founded Blue Future party. Sipila’s government retained a majority in parliament, the Blue Future became a coalition partner and the True Finns became part of the opposition.
A few weeks before the upcoming parliamentary elections, the cabinet resigned on March 8, 2019 because of a dispute over future health policy, but remained in office until a new cabinet was formed.
The parliamentary election in Finland was commonly referred to as the “climate election”. The parties agreed on the goal of limiting the temperature rise to 1.5 degrees by the end of the century - the way to get there was and will be discussed.
Survey
Predictions before the election
The election forecasts before the election did not suggest any major shifts in party preferences. The pollsters have assumed that the opposition Social Democrats would with about 19-20% strongest party, followed by the base Finns and participating in the Government Center Party and the Coalition Party , which were each seen at 14-16%, with only the center noticeable Losses were predicted. The Greens were predicted to be around 12–13% and the Left 8–9%. The results for the Swedish People's Party and the Christian Democrats were expected to be similar to the 2015 election.
Last polls before the election
date | Survey institute | KESK | COOK | PS | SDP | VIHR | VAS | RKP | KD | BZ | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
04/09/2019 | Taloustutkimus | 14.5% | 15.9% | 16.3% | 19.0% | 12.2% | 8.7% | 4.9% | 4.3% | 0.8% | 3.4% |
04/07/2019 | Cantar TNS | 14.4% | 17.5% | 15.0% | 19.5% | 12.0% | 9.6% | 4.4% | 4.1% | 1.1% | 2.4% |
04/03/2019 | Tietoykkonen | 14.7% | 17.0% | 13.4% | 19.6% | 13.3% | 9.1% | 3.9% | 4.1% | 2.0% | 2.9% |
March 26, 2019 | Taloustutkimus | 14.4% | 15.8% | 15.1% | 20.1% | 13.0% | 9.8% | 4.3% | 3.5% | 0.9% | 3.1% |
03/15/2019 | Cantar TNS | 14.3% | 18.1% | 11.1% | 21.0% | 14.0% | 8.9% | 4.4% | 4.2% | 1.2% | 2.8% |
05.03.2019 | Taloustutkimus | 14.1% | 16.2% | 13.3% | 21.3% | 13.7% | 8.9% | 4.7% | 3.5% | 1.8% | 2.5% |
03.03.2019 | Tietoykkonen | 14.1% | 18.1% | 11.2% | 21.3% | 13.2% | 9.0% | 4.1% | 4.1% | 2.3% | 2.6% |
02/14/2019 | Cantar TNS | 14.7% | 18.6% | 11.4% | 20.8% | 13.6% | 8.7% | 4.3% | 4.0% | 1.0% | 2.9% |
02/05/2019 | Taloustutkimus | 15.6% | 17.3% | 12.0% | 20.1% | 14.6% | 8.6% | 4.0% | 3.6% | 1.4% | 2.7% |
01/28/2019 | Tietoykkonen | 14.4% | 19.7% | 9.9% | 21.0% | 13.0% | 8.9% | 4.2% | 4.3% | 2.1% | 2.5% |
11/01/2019 | Cantar TNS | 15.6% | 19.5% | 9.7% | 20.9% | 12.9% | 9.4% | 4.3% | 4.0% | 1.1% | 2.6% |
08/01/2019 | Taloustutkimus | 16.1% | 19.6% | 10.2% | 21.2% | 13.6% | 9.5% | 2.5% | 4.2% | 1.0% | 2.1% |
04/19/2015 | Election 2015 | 21.1% | 18.2% | 17.7% | 16.5% | 8.5% | 7.1% | 4.9% | 3.5% | - | 2.5% |
Course of survey values
Older surveys (excerpt)
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Election result
Political party | be right | Seats | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
number | % | +/- | number | +/- | ||
Social Democratic Party (SDP) | 546.471 | 17.7 | +1.2 | 40 | +6 | |
Basic fins (PS) | 538.805 | 17.5 | −0.2 | 39 | +1 | |
National Collection Party (KOK) | 523,957 | 17.0 | −1.2 | 38 | +1 | |
Center Party (KESK) | 423.920 | 13.8 | −7.3 | 31 | −18 | |
Green Bund (VIHR) | 354.194 | 11.5 | +3.0 | 20th | +5 | |
Left Alliance (VAS) | 251,808 | 8.2 | +1.0 | 16 | +4 | |
Swedish People's Party (RKP) | 139,640 | 4.5 | −0.3 | 9 | ± 0 | |
Christian Democrats (KD) | 120.144 | 3.9 | +0.4 | 5 | ± 0 | |
Liike Nyt | 69,427 | 2.3 | New | 1 | New | |
Blue Future (SIN) | 29,943 | 1.0 | New | - | New | |
Pirate Party (PP) | 19,032 | 0.6 | −0.2 | - | - | |
For Åland | 11,640 | 0.4 | ± 0.0 | C ) | 1 (± 0 | |
Seven Star Movement | 11,366 | 0.4 | New | - | New | |
Citizens Party | 7,645 | 0.2 | New | - | New | |
Feminist Party | 6,662 | 0.2 | New | - | New | |
Liberal Party | 5,014 | 0.2 | New | - | New | |
Communist Party of Finland (SKP) | 4,305 | 0.1 | −0.1 | - | - | |
Animal Rights Party | 3,378 | 0.1 | New | - | New | |
Independence party | 2,444 | 0.1 | −0.4 | - | - | |
Finns first | 2,366 | 0.1 | New | - | New | |
Communist Labor Party (KTP) | 1,240 | 0.0 | ± 0 | - | - | |
Others | 8,515 | 0.3 | −0.3 | - | - | |
total | 3,081,916 | 100.0 | 200 | |||
Valid votes | 3,081,916 | 99.4 | ||||
Invalid votes | 17,844 | 0.6 | ||||
voter turnout | 3,099,760 | 68.7 | ||||
Eligible voters | 4,255,466 | 100.0 | ||||
Source: Finnish Ministry of Justice |
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Official result of the 2019 parliamentary elections Finnish Ministry of Justice (Finnish, English, Swedish)
- ↑ Election information from the Ministry of Justice
- ↑ Head-to-head race on election evening . sueddeutsche.de April 14, 2019.
- ^ Finnish PM Rinne resigns. Retrieved January 6, 2020 .
- ↑ tagesschau.de: Finland: Sanna Marin becomes the world's youngest head of government. Retrieved January 6, 2020 .
- ↑ Vaalipiiriuudistus lyötiin lukkoon eduskunnassa . YLE March 6, 2013; Retrieved September 18, 2014.
- ↑ Ordinance of the Council of State of November 8, 2018
- ↑ http://tulospalvelu.vaalit.fi/E-2015/en/tulos_kokomaa.html
- ↑ http://yle.fi/uutiset/sipila_opts_for_right-leaning_government/7979421
- ↑ http://www.verkkouutiset.fi/politiikka/eduskunta%20niinisto%20sipila-36699
- ↑ https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-9667769
- ↑ spiegel.de: Finnish government resigns
- ↑ Jenni Roth : How the forest in Finland became a political issue . In: tagesspiegel.de . 3rd July 2019.
- ↑ tagesspiegel.de June 21, 2019 / Susanne Ehlerding: The goal is in very good hands with the Finns ( comment )