Parliamentary election in Poland 2019

← 2015
Parliamentary election in Poland 2019

Result (in%)

%

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

43.6

27.4

12.6

8.6

6.8

1.1

PiS

KO ^b

Lewica ^c

KP ^d

KON ^e

Otherwise.

Gains and losses

compared to 2015

% p

6th

4th

2

0

-2

-4

-6

+6.0

-4.3

+1.4

-5.3

+1.9

+0.3

PiS

KO ^b

Lewica ^c

KP ^d

KON ^e

Otherwise.

Remarks:

^b Koalicja Obywatelska : Alliance of PO, Nowoczesna and Partia Zieloni

^c Alliance of SLD , Wiosna and Razem

^d Alliance of PSL and Kukiz'15

^e Alliance of KORWiN and RN

Distribution of seats (Sejm)

49

1

134

30th

235

11

49 1 134 30th 235 11

A total of 460 seats

SLD - W - PR : 49
MN : 1
KO : 134
PSL - K'15 : 30
PiS - P - SP : 235
CON : 11

Allocation of seats (Senate)

2

43

3

1

48

2 43 3 3 1 48

A total of 100 seats

SLD : 2
KO : 43
Independent (supported by KO ): 3
PSL - K'15 : 3
Independent (supported by PiS ): 1
PiS - P - SP : 48

The parliamentary elections in Poland in 2019 took place on October 13, 2019. The Sejm and the Senate were elected here.

Choice and appointment

In the elections to the 9th Sejm and 10th Senate ( bicameral system ) of the Third Polish Republic , the Polish voters decided on the composition of the members of the Polish Parliament .

initial situation

30 million eligible voters were called to vote for the new parliament. According to surveys, a clear victory for the ruling national-conservative PiS was on the horizon, and an increase in its absolute majority in parliamentary seats was expected. In the election campaign, the PiS promised to expand social benefits, higher minimum wages and tax breaks for small businesses. The party also emphasized national and conservative values. PiS party leader Jaroslaw Kaczynski was described in the media as the most powerful man in Poland, he is single-handedly the replacement of the government Szydło against the government Morawiecki I have operated in 2017, with his confidant Mateusz Morawiecki became prime minister. As a continuation of his party's controversial judicial reforms, Kaczyński also wanted the immunity of judges and prosecutors to be lifted. The judicial reform had already led to numerous EU sanctions proceedings against Poland.

The strongest opposition group, the electoral alliance KO, had nominated former parliamentary speaker Małgorzata Kidawa-Błońska as the top candidate . The alliance wants to reverse the judicial reform and introduce the registered partnership in Poland.

Less than two weeks before the election, the three former presidents Lech Wałęsa , Aleksander Kwaśniewski and Bronisław Komorowski wrote an open letter in which they warned that Poland would slide into an authoritarian dictatorship. They saw the democratic rule of law in danger and called on the opposition to unite.

Electoral system

For the Sejm, voting is based on proportional representation and for the Senate on the basis of relative majority voting. The threshold clause for the Sejm election is 5% or 8% for party alliances. The legislative period for the two chambers of parliament is four years.

Candidacies

The following election committees ran in all constituencies:

Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS)

On the lists of the ruling right-wing conservative PiS ( Law and Justice ), candidates from the other parties of the United Rights group stood: Porozumienie , Solidarna Polska , Partia Republikańska , Stronnictwo "Piast" , Wolni i Solidarni .

Koalicja Obywatelska (KO)

The citizen coalition was led by the liberal-conservative Platforma Obywatelska (PO, Citizens Platform). The coalition also included the economically liberal Nowoczesna ( Modernism ), the Zieloni (Greens) and the movement for the autonomy of Silesia .

Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej (SLD)

The parties of the unofficial left (Lewica) called alliance entered under the name of the social democratic SLD ( Alliance of the Democratic Left ). In addition to the SLD, these were the socialist Razem ( Together ) and the progressive Wiosna (Spring) by Robert Biedroń .

PSL - Koalicja Polska (KP)

The Christian Democratic-Agrarian Polish Peasant Party ( Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe , PSL) led the unofficial Polish coalition . Other parties in the alliance that ran under the name of the PSL included the populist Kukiz'15 , the economically liberal Stronnictwo Demokratieyczne , the socially liberal Unia Europejskich Demokratieów and Ślonzoki Razem ( Silesian Movement ).

Konfederacja Wolność i Niepodległość (Konfederacja)

The Konfederacja ( Confederation ) constituted as a party actually consists of Janusz Korwin-Mikke's paleoconservative KORWiN party and the right-wing extremist Ruch Narodowy ( National Movement ).

In individual constituencies there were:

Prawica Rzeczypospolitej (with Kongres Nowej Prawicy )
Akcja Zawiedzionych Emerytów Rencistów ("Action disappointed pensioners", among others with Samoobrona )
Bezpartyjni i Samorządowcy ("impartial local politicians")
Skuteczni ("effective", party of the rapper Liroy )
German minority election committee

Only in individual constituencies for the Senate ran:

Przywrócić Prawo ("Restoring the Law", splitting off from Kukiz'15)
Ruch Prawdziwa Europe
Jedność Narodu ("Unity of the Nation")
Ślonzoki Razem ("Silesian Movement")
Polska Lewica ("Polish Left")
Samoobrona
Kukiz'15

as well as 39 independent candidates or parties with only one candidate.

Results

voter turnout

A total of 30,253,556 citizens were eligible to vote. The proportion of eligible voters who voted was as follows:

Period	voter turnout	Votes cast
7:00 am - 12:00 pm	18.14%	5,359,654
7:00 am - 5:00 pm	45.94%	13,609,726
7:00 am - 9:00 pm	61.74%	18,680,362

Official end result

Results of the parliamentary elections in Poland 2019
Political party		Abbreviation	Sejm							senate
			candidates data	be right			Seats			candidates data	be right		Seats
			candidates data	number	%	+/-	number	+/-	%	candidates data	number	%	number	+/-
	Prawo i Sprawiedliwość	PiS	920	8.051.935	43.59	+6.01	235	± 0	51.09	91	8.110.193	44.56	48	-13
	Koalicja Obywatelska ( PO + .N + Zieloni )	KO	919	5,060,355	27.40	-4.29	134	-22	29.13	68	6,490,306	35.66	43	+9
	Lewica ( SLD + Wiosna + razem )	SLD	911	2,319,946	12.56	+1.39	49	+49	10.65	6th	415.745	2.28	2	+2
	Koalicja Polska ( PSL + Kukiz'15 )	KP	910	1,578,523	8.55	-5.39	30th	-28	6.52	15th	1,041,909	5.72	3	+2
	Konfederacja ( KORWiN + RN )	KWiN	888	1,256,953	6.81	+2.02	11	+11	2.39	7th	144.124	0.79	-	-
	Bezpartyjni i Samorządowcy ^*	BS		144,773	0.78	+0.68	-	-	-	13	331.385	1.82	-	-
	Election Committee German Minority ^*	MN		32.094	0.17	-0.01	1	± 0	0.22	3	49,138	0.27	-	-
	Skuteczni Piotra Liroya-Marca ^*	Skuteczni		18,918	0.10	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	Akcja Zawiedzionych Emerytów Rencistów ^*	AZER		5,448	0.03	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	Prawica ^*			1,765	0.01	-	-	-	-	1	21,943	0.12	-	-
	Other parties (only to the Senate)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		224,443	1.23	-	-
	Independent (Senate only)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-		1,372,162	7.54	4th	+4
total				18,470,710	100.00	-	460	-	100.00	-	18,201,348	100.00	100	-
Valid votes				18,470,710	98.88%
Invalid votes				209,652	1.12%
voter turnout				18,680,362	61.74%
Eligible voters				30.253.556	100.00%
Source: Państwowa Komisja Wyborcza (Passenger Cars; National Electoral Commission), October 15, 2019

^* only ran in part of the constituencies.

Election result cards

Majorities in the election to the Sejm according to Powiats

Distribution of seats in the individual constituencies in the election for the Sejm

Majorities in the election to the Senate: PiS PO PSL SLD independents

Survey

Surveys (in%)
Institute	date	n	Client	survey	PiS	PO	.N	K'15	SLD	PSL	KORWiN	Razem	Wiosna	Otherwise.
Estymator	02/20 - 02/21	1013	Do Rzeczy	by phone	41.4	26.2	0.7	7.6	3.9	5.6	1.4	1.4	9.2	2.9 ^b
CBOS	07.02. – 14.02.	1019	n / A	personally	40	15th	2	5	2	5	2	1	10	14 ^a +2 ^b
Kantar Public	February 8th - February 13th	973	n / A	personally	34	20th	2	6th	5	4th	1	1	11	16 ^a
IBRiS	07.02. – 08.02.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	37.1	21.8	0.6	4.7	5.2	4.8	?	0.7	16.2	7.1 ^a +1.8 ^b
Estymator	05.02. – 07.02.	1011	Do Rzeczy	by phone	39.7	28.2	0.9	7.4	4.6	5.9	1.2	1.0	8.6	2.5 ^b
Election 2015					37.58	24.09	7.60	8.81	7.55 ( ZL )	5.13	4.79	3.62	New	0.87 ^b
Sources: ewybory.eu , Polskie Badania Wyborcze Explanation : ^a undecided voters, ^b other parties, ^c together with RN

Older polls

Surveys (in%)
Institute	date	n	Client	survey	PiS	PO	.N	K'15	SLD	PSL	KORWiN	Razem	Wiosna	Otherwise.
Millward Brown	04.02. – 05.02.	1004	TVN / TVN24	by phone	29	20th		7th	6th	5	5	1	14th	6 ^a
IBRiS	01/26 - 01/27	1100	Rzepa	by phone	35	29.2	1.4	5.1	5.7	6.5	0.5	1.1		12.0 ^a +3.5 ^b
Estymator	January 23 - January 24	1002	Do Rzeczy	by phone	42.4	31.1	1.4	8.6	4.8	6.8	1.4	1.6		1.9 ^b
CBOS	10/01 - 17/01	986	n / A	personally	39	22nd	2	7th	4th	6th	2	2		13 ^a +4 ^b
Kantar Public	11/01 - 16/01	987	n / A	personally	34	26th	3	7th	5	5	1	2		16 ^a
Millward Brown	15/01 - 16/01	1002	GW	by phone	30th	25th		5	3	5	?	2	8th	?
IBRiS	03.01. – 04.01.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	39.1	26.3	0.9	5.5	5.0	6.7	2.8	1.4		11.9 ^a +0.5 ^b
2019
Ipsos	12/12 - 14/12	1007	OKO.Press	by phone	38.94	27.28		5.13	3.63	5.06	3.37 ^c	1.84	6.97	6.03 ^a +1.43 ^b
Estymator	12/12 - 13/12	1032	Do Rzeczy	by phone	42.2	27.8		8.6	4.8	5.9	2.1	1.5	5.3	2.0 ^b
Kantar Public	November 30 - December 11	1028	n / A	personally	34	27		6th	6th	4th	2	2		18 ^a +1 ^b
CBOS	November 29 - December 9	1016	n / A	personally	41	24	2	5	4th	7th	3	1		10 ^a +4 ^b
IBRiS	07.12. – 08.12.	1000	Rzepa	by phone	37.2	31.3	4.0	5.7	6.7	5.1	0.9	2.4		6.4 ^a +0.3 ^b
IBRiS	11/23 - 11/24	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	38.2	30.2	3.8	5.2	8.2	4.5	0.3	2.1		6.2 ^a +1.3 ^b
Estymator	November 20-21	1010	Do Rzeczy	by phone	40.7	30.4		11.6	7.3	4.7	1.3	1.9		2.1 ^b
Millward Brown	November 19 - November 20	1002	TVN / TVN24	by phone	33	26th	3	7th	7th	4th	2	3		11 ^a +1 ^b
Kantar Public	November 9th - November 15th	1024	n / A	personally	34	24		9	7th	5	2	2		17 ^a
CBOS	November 8th - November 15th	1051	n / A	personally	42	21st	2	6th	5	7th	3	2		10 ^a +2 ^b
IBRiS	11/13	1100	Rzepa	by phone	40.1	29.6	4.7	5.6	6.2	4.0	1.0	1.7		? ^a +0.4 ^b
IBRiS	November 8th - November 9th	1100	Rzepa	by phone	38.0	28.3	4.8	4.8	7.9	4.2	1.3	2.0		? ^a +0.4 ^b
Estymator	October 29th - October 30th	1017	Do Rzeczy	by phone	42.4	30.0		7.3	7.4	6.0	1.9	2.4		2.6 ^b
IBRiS ( Memento from December 21, 2018 in the web archive archive.today )	10/26 - 10/27	1100	n / A	by phone	40.9	27.2	4.0	4.7	7.0	5.7	1.3	2.0		6.4 ^a +0.6 ^b
Self-government elections in Poland 2018
Kantar Public	October 12th - October 17th	1037	n / A	personally	31	24		8th	7th	8th	2	2		17 ^a +1 ^b
CBOS	04.10. – 11.10.	1115	n / A	personally	40	19th	3	8th	4th	5	2	2		15 ^a +2 ^b
IBRiS	05.10. – 06.10.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	37.2	30.0		10.1	7.0	5.2	1.1	2.6		6.8 ^a
IBRiS	09/22 - 09/23	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	33.2	26.4		10.0	8.7	6.3	3.3	2.4		8.7 ^a +1 ^b
Estymator	09/20 - 09/21	1006	Do Rzeczy	by phone	45	23.9	4.1	6.9	8.1	7.4	1.5	1.9		0
Millward Brown	14.09. – 17.09.	?	TVN / TVN24	by phone	38	21st	7th	4th	5	4th	5	4th		9 ^a +1 ^b
CBOS	06.09. – 13.09.	1064	n / A	personally	43	18th	3	7th	4th	4th	2	2		16 ^a +2 ^b
Kantar Public	07.09. – 12.09.	1023	n / A	personally	42	20th	4th	6th	6th	4th	2	1		14 ^a
IBRiS	07.09. – 08.09.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	36.6	27.1	3.8	7.0	8.6	5.0	0.4	0.7		10.8 ^a
Estymator	08/22 - 08/23	1011	Do Rzeczy	by phone	44.2	24.8	3.4	7.1	8.9	6.6	1.5	2.8		0
CBOS	08/16 - 08/23	1115	n / A	personally	44	19th	3	7th	4th	5	2	2		13 ^a +1 ^b
Kantar Public	08/10 - 08/16	1015	n / A	personally	36	26th	5	7th	6th	4th	2	3		11 ^a
IBRiS	08/11	?	Rzepa	by phone	38	25th	4th	6th	8th	5	1	2		9 ^a +1 ^b
Estymator	07/27 - 07/28	1005	Do Rzeczy	by phone	42.3	25.2	5.2	8.9	7.5	5.5	1.4	2.6		0
Kantar Public	07/06 - 07/11	1042	n / A	personally	34	23	3	9	6th	4th	1	2		18 ^a
IBRiS	07/07 - 08/07	?	Rzepa	by phone	37.4	26.3	3.2	5.7	9.7	5.3	0	2.3		10.1 ^a
CBOS	28.06. – 05.07.	999	n / A	personally	40	16	4th	8th	7th	3	2	0		15 ^a +2 ^b
Estymator	June 27th - June 28th	1005	Do Rzeczy	by phone	42.3	25.2	5.2	8.9	7.5	5.5	1.4	2.6		0
IBRiS	June 21-22	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	37.8	24.6	3.3	7.5	9.6	5.7	0.9	1.3		8.9 ^a
Kantar Public	June 8th - June 17th	1023	n / A	personally	41	20th	4th	6th	6th	3	1	1		18 ^a
Estymator	June 13th - June 14th	1021	Do Rzeczy	by phone	40.7	27.9	4.2	8.3	8.6	5.4	1.9	2.9		0
CBOS	07.06. – 14.06.	1029	n / A	personally	43	17th	5	8th	4th	4th	2	1		14 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	07.06. – 08.06.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	32.7	26.4	4.3	6.2	9.6	6.3	1.3	3.3		9.9 ^a
Millward Brown	May 28 - May 29	1001	TVN / TVN24	by phone	36	28	5	6th	5	4th	4th	2		5 ^a
IBRiS	May 24th - May 25th	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	33.3	27.6	4.1	5.2	9.9	5.3	2.0	3.2		9.4 ^a
Estymator	May 23 - May 24	1007	Do Rzeczy	by phone	38.9	27.1	2.9	10.4	9.0	6.2	2.3	2.1		0
CBOS	May 10th - May 17th	1170	n / A	personally	40	19th	4th	10	6th	5	2	1		12 ^a +1 ^b
Kantar Public	May 11 - May 16	1032	TVP / TVP info	by phone	36	22nd	4th	5	6th	4th	2	2		19 ^a
Estymator	16.05.	?	Do Rzeczy	by phone	40.8	28.3	2.3	9.8	9.7	5.7	1.8	1.3		0
IBRiS	May 10 - May 11	1100	Rzepa	by phone	37.6	27.3	2.9	6.5	10.4	5.3	1.5	1.0		7.7 ^a
Estymator	April 25th - April 26th	1015	Do Rzeczy	by phone	38.2	27.3	3.9	13.1	8.6	6.2	1.1	1.3		0
IBRiS	April 19	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	34.5	24.3	4.5	9.8	9.2	6.6	1.5	1.1		7.4 ^a +1.1 ^b
Millward Brown	April 25th - April 26th	1004	TVN / TVN24	by phone	33	25th	6th	5	8th	5	4th	3		7 ^a
Ipsos	April 12th - April 13th	1023	OKO.Press	by phone	39	21st	11	6th	7th	4th	4th	2		6 ^a^b
CBOS	April 5th - April 12th	1140	n / A	personally	46	16	4th	5	6th	3	2	1		14 ^a +2 ^b
Kantar Public	April 6th - April 11th	1024	n / A	personally	36	23	5	6th	7th	3	3	1		11 ^a
Estymator	04/04 - 05/04	1209	Do Rzeczy	by phone	39.4	28.3	4.3	8.9	9.3	6.0	1.4	2.1		0
IBRiS	04/04	1100	Rzepa	by phone	31.8	23.5	5.1	8.5	12.1	5.9	0.9	2.1		10.1 ^a
Millward Brown	March 26-27	1001	TVN / TVN24	by phone	28	22nd	6th	10	9	5	5	2		10 ^a
Estymator	March 21-22	1011	Do Rzeczy	by phone	46.8	25.7	4.7	7.9	6.8	5.1	0.6	1.7		0
IBRiS	16.03.	?	Onet.pl	by phone	37.1	24.0	6.3	8.3	7.6	4.4	0.4	2.0		9.5 ^a +0.4 ^b
Kantar Public	09.03. – 14.03.	1027	n / A	personally	37	22nd	5	6th	4th	2	1	1		20 ^a
CBOS	01.03. – 08.03.	1092	n / A	personally	44	14th	6th	6th	5	5	2	2		14 ^a
IBRiS	01.03. – 02.03.	?	Rzepa	by phone	39.4	22.5	5.0	6.8	9.7	5.2	0.5	1.4		9.5 ^a
IBRiS	02/26	1100	n / A	by phone	40.6	22.4	3.6	6.7	7.0	6.1	1.2	3.0		?
Estymator	February 21-22	1009	Do Rzeczy	by phone	50.2	22.9	4.1	7.3	5.9	5.2	0.8	3.0		0
Kantar Public	February 16 - February 21	1033	n / A	personally	37	20th	6th	7th	5	5	1	2		17 ^a
IBRiS	February 20	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	39.7	19.6	4.5	5.5	9.4	6.6	1.4	3.9		8.7 ^a +0.6 ^b
Millward Brown	February 19 - February 20	1002	TVN / TVN24	by phone	40	16	8th	6th	3	5	3	3		8 ^a
CBOS	02/01 - 02/08	1057	n / A	personally	43	17th	5	7th	4th	4th	2	1		15 ^a +2 ^b
IBRiS	02.02.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	42.7	20.0	5.3	5.7	7.2	6.0	0.4	2.9		9.4 ^a +0.4 ^b
Estymator	25.01. – 26.01.	1060	Do Rzeczy	by phone	48.7	20.6	4.4	9.4	6.8	5.2	0.8	3.1		0
IBRiS	January 18 - January 19	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	41.5	20.0	6.1	7.2	6.6	4.5	0.8	2.3		10.8 ^a
Kantar Public	12/01 - 17/01	1006	n / A	personally	42	14th	7th	7th	5	4th	2	2		16 ^a
CBOS	09.01. – 17.01.	951	n / A	personally	44	15th	6th	5	4th	4th	2	3		15 ^a
Ipsos	January 12th - January 14th	1017	OKO.Press	by phone	43	19th	6th	10	5	3	3	2		6 ^a
IBRiS	05.01. – 07.01.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	43.4	19.0	8.4	6.1	6.7	5.4	1.1	3.0	≈7 ^a
IBRiS	05.01.	?	PS	by phone	41	20th	7th	6th	7th	5	1	2	7 ^a +3 ^b
2018
Estymator	December 27th - December 28th	1003	Do Rzeczy	by phone	45.7	23.4	6.9	8.3	5.4	5.5	1.0	2.9	0.9 ^b
Millward Brown	December 21-22	1000	TVN / TVN24	by phone	38	20th	8th	6th	8th	4th	3	4th	5 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	12/13 - 12/14	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	40.9	23.8	8.3	6.7	5.6	4.1	1.0	2.3	7 ^a +0.3 ^b
Kantar Public	11.12.	1000	fact	by phone	50	17th	9	11	5	3	1	2	0
CBOS	01.12. – 07.12.	925	n / A	personally	41	18th	11	7th	3	3	2	2	13 ^a
Kantar Public	01.12. – 06.12.	1018	n / A	personally	40	17th	7th	7th	4th	5	2	1	17 ^a
IBRiS	02.12.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	36.4	20.3	10.5	6.8	6.6	6.4	0.4	2.6	9.6 ^a +0.4 ^a
Estymator	11/23 - 11/24	1077	Do Rzeczy	by phone	42.8	23.6	6.0	9.8	5.3	6.4	1.3	3.4	1.4 ^b
IBRiS	November 17 - November 18	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	37.7	19.1	7.3	8.1	5.0	5.1	1.2	4.3	11.6 ^a +0.6 ^b
CBOS	November 2nd - November 12th	1016	n / A	personally	45	17th	5	8th	3	4th	1	2	13 ^a +1 ^b
Kantar Public	03.11. – 08.11.	1029	n / A	personally	38	18th	7th	9	4th	5	1	2	16 ^a
IBRiS	06.11. – 07.11.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	37	20th	7th	9	6th	6th	0.5	4th	9 ^a +1.5 ^a
Kantar Public	03.11. – 05.11.	1000	TVP / TVP info	by phone	40	20th	8th	7th	5	4th	2	2	11 ^a
Estymator	10/26 - 10/27	1192	Do Rzeczy	by phone	42.8	22.2	8.4	9.1	5.4	5.8	1.2	3.2	1.3 ^b
IBRiS	October 24	-	n / A	by phone	40.2	21.0	8.2	7.6	5.0	5.4	1.1	4.1	?
IBRiS	17.10.	1100	RZ	by phone	38.4	20.5	8.4	9.7	4.9	5.9	1.5	3.0	7.6 ^a
IBRiS	October 14th - October 15th	1100	SE	by phone	38.1	19.8	8.7	8.2	5.0	3.6	0.7	5.2	1.7 ^b
CBOS	05.10. – 12.10.	948	n / A	personally	47	16	6th	8th	2	3	2	2	12 ^a
Kantar Public	06.10. – 11.10.	1019	n / A	personally	41	18th	5	8th	7th	5	2	2	12 ^a
IBRiS	06.10. – 07.10.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	39.8	21.2	8.9	6.7	5.3	4.2	1.6	3.6	?
Kantar Public	09/27 - 09/28	1000	fact	by phone	43	21st	7th	13	4th	6th	3	3	0
IBRiS	26.09.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	38.6	20.1	8.0	8.2	5.8	5.8	1.4	2.4	9.2 ^a +0.5 ^b
Estymator	09/21 - 09/22	1009	Do Rzeczy	by phone	40.4	22.6	8.9	9.8	4.3	6.3	2.3	4.1	0
Ipsos	09/12 - 09/14	1006	TVP / TVP info	by phone	39	20th	11	9	3	4th	3	2	8 ^a +1 ^b
CBOS	07.09. – 14.09.	985	n / A	personally	44	19th	6th	8th	3	5	1	2	12 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	08.09.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	37.7	19.9	8.7	8.0	6.0	5.2	1.6	5.0	6.8 ^a +1.1 ^b
Kantar Public	01.09-06.09.	1018	n / A	personally	38	16	8th	9	4th	4th	2	3	16 ^a
IBRiS	August 24-25.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	36.4	19.6	10.9	8.0	4.5	5.4	3.4	3.4	6.8 ^a +1.6 ^b
Estymator	08/23 - 08/24	1032	Do Rzeczy	by phone	38.4	22.3	10.2	10.4	5.2	6.4	2.4	3.3	0
CBOS	08/17 - 08/24	1009	n / A	personally	42	20th	6th	8th	4th	4th	2	2	12 ^a +2 ^b
IBRiS	08/11 - 08/12	1100	Rzepa	by phone	33.4	22.8	10.6	7.8	5.3	4.9	1.7	1.8	10.9 ^a +0.8 ^b
Kantar Public	04.08. – 09.08.	1024	n / A	personally	36	18th	8th	8th	5	4th	1	2	17 ^a
Ipsos	02.08. – 04.08.	1000	OKO.Press	by phone	40	21st	6th	11	4.2	4.7	2.6	2.4	8 ^a
Ipsos	July 26th - July 28th	1004	TVP / TVP info	by phone	38	24	10	11	5	3	1	2	5 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	07/27	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	32.3	20.6	10.2	11.9	6.2	5.1	1.5	3.1	9.1 ^a
Kantar Public	07/22 - 07/24	1000	TVP / TVP info	by phone	35	21st	10	11	4th	3	1	2	9 ^a +4 ^b
Kantar Public	July 21-22	1000	GW	by phone	33	23	9	10	3	3	4th	3	10 ^a
Millward Brown	07/21	1002	TVN / TVN24	by phone	32	23	10	8th	4th	4th	3	3	6 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	July 18 - July 19	1100	Rzepa	by phone	36.5	21.9	8.6	8.0	7.2	5.2	1.2	2.2	9.2 ^a
Kantar Public	07/07 - 12/07	1027	n / A	personally	38	19th	8th	9	4th	3	2	1	15 ^a +1 ^b
Millward Brown	07/11 - 07/12	1008	TVN / TVN24	by phone	36	22nd	8th	8th	6th	4th	2	4th	8 ^a
IBRiS	07.07.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	32.1	21.8	9.5	9.8	6.8	5.0	1.5	2.8	9.7 ^a +1 ^b
CBOS	June 29th - July 6th	977	n / A	personally	38	22nd	5	8th	5	3	2	1	14 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	June 23 - June 24	1100	Rzepa	by phone	34	23	6th	10	7th	5	1	2	11.3 ^a +1 ^b
Ipsos	June 19 - June 21	1005	OKO.Press	by phone	41	26th	12	4th	7th	5	3	4th	0
IBRiS	June 8th - June 9th	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	33.3	25.1	8.5	7.9	6.5	4.6	2.4	2.6	9.1 ^a
CBOS	June 1st - June 8th	1020	n / A	personally	42	21st	4th	9	4th	3	1	1	13 ^a
Kantar Public	02.06. – 07.06.	1018	n / A	personally	39	18th	5	11	5	5	3	1	11 ^a +2 ^b
Millward Brown	02.06. – 04.06.	1009	TVN / TVN24	by phone	32	27	8th	9	6th	4th	2	3	4 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	25.05.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	33.5	26.1	7.9	14.1	6.1	4.1	1.2	2.5	4.3 ^a +1.4 ^b
Kantar Public	May 12th - May 17th	1009	n / A	personally	35	21st	6th	10	3	3	1	2	18 ^a +1 ^b
CBOS	05/05 - 14/05	1034	n / A	personally	39	26th	5	7th	4th	4th	2	2	10 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	05/10	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	34.7	31.2	4.4	10.1	5.1	4.1	0.0	2.1	8.3 ^a
Kantar Public	08.05.	1000	GW	by phone	28	27	5	10	4th	2	2	2	15 ^a +1 ^b
Ipsos	05.05. – 07.05.	1004	TVP / TVP info	by phone	35	27	5	12	3	4th	4th	2	8 ^a
Kantar Public	04/28	1000	TVP / TVP info	by phone	31	29	4th	9	5	2	2	2	16 ^a
Kantar Public	April 26-27	1000	GW	by phone	27	28	4th	12	5	3	3	3	13 ^a +2 ^b
Millward Brown	April 24th - April 25th	1001	TVN / TVN24	by phone	29	31	5	10	6th	3	3	3	7 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	April 20-21	1100	Rzepa	by phone	31.7	30.0	6.3	10.3	5.2	4.4	-	3.4	8.7 ^a
Kantar Public	04/12	1000	GW	by phone	28	27	5	12	3	4th	2	2	13 ^a
Kantar Public	April 6th - April 11th	1037	n / A	personally	38	19th	5	11	4th	3	1	2	15 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	04/11	1100	Fact / data center	by phone	32.7	25.7	6.3	8.0	5.9	7.0	0.5	4.5	1 ^b
CBOS	30.03. – 06.04.	1075	n / A	personally	37	26th	5	9	4th	4th	2	2	15 ^a
Kantar Public	04/04 - 05/04	1000	W Sieci	by phone	35	26th	10	13	5	4th	3	3	12 ^a
Dobra Opinia	30.03. – 03.04.	8000	PPG	personally	34.3	26.2	10.8	9.8	5.5	5.2	2.2	3.7	2.3 ^b
IBRiS	30.03.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	30.5	29.2	7.4	8.8	6.0	6.6	1.1	3.9	6.3 ^a +0.4 ^b
Millward Brown	29.03. – 30.03.	1001	TVN / TVN24	by phone	29	27	8th	10	8th	4th	4th	2	3 ^a
Kantar Public	23.03.	1000	GW	by phone	27	24	8th	11	5	3	2	3	15 ^a +1 ^a
Ipsos	March 17 - March 19	1001	OKO.Press	by phone	32	28	8th	10	5	6th	3	4th	5 ^a
IBRiS	16.03. – 17.03.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	29.4	27.3	9.4	8.1	5.1	6.2	1.3	4.9	≈8 ^a
CBOS	02.03. – 09.03.	1020	n / A	personally	37	19th	8th	9	4th	5	2	2	12 ^a
Kantar Public	03.03. – 08.03.	1025	n / A	personally	35	21st	8th	8th	4th	4th	2	1	15 ^a
Millward Brown	07.03. – 08.03.	1004	TVN / TVN24	by phone	34	24	11	5	3	4th	4th	3	6 ^a
IBRiS	03.03.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	32.8	18.1	11.6	8.1	6.2	6.2	1.6	3.4	11.4 ^a
Kantar Public	02/17 - 02/22	1009	n / A	personally	33	22nd	8th	8th	3	3	1	1	20 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	February 16 - February 17	1100	Rzepa	by phone	34.8	17.1	9.9	9.8	5.7	6.1	1.0	3.3	11 ^a +1 ^b
CBOS	02.02. – 09.02.	1016	n / A	personally	40	17th	9	8th	5	3	2	2	12
IBRiS	02.02.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	36	20.2	13.4	7.7	5.2	5.7	0	3.2	7.7 ^a +0.8 ^b
Kantar Public	01/27	1030	n / A	personally	36	19th	9	12	5	3	2	2	10 ^a
IBRiS	January 19 - January 20	1100	Rzepa	by phone	37.7	19.1	11.4	7.2	5.2	6.9	0.5	3.0	9 ^a
CBOS	07.01. – 15.01.	1045	n / A	personally	37	16	9	8th	6th	5	2	2	13 ^a
IBRiS	13.01.	1100	Fact / data center	by phone	34.9	20.6	14.0	5.3	5.8	7.9	1.4	2.9	1.4 ^a
IBRiS	05.01.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	34.7	17.1	13.3	8.6	5.9	5.7	1.3	3.6	8.6 ^a +1.3 ^b
2017
Kantar Public	December 20-22	1000	CBOS	by phone	35	19th	18th	9	3	3	2	2	6 ^a
Millward Brown	December 21-22	1020	TVN / TVN24	by phone	35	15th	24	6th	3	5	3	2	4 ^a
Ipsos	December 19 - December 21	1003	OKO.Press	by phone	35	21st	20th	10	4th	3	4th	2	3 ^a
CBOS	01.12. – 11.12.	1136	n / A	personally	36	16	14th	7th	4th	3	3	2	12 ^a
IBRiS	12/09/2016	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	30.1	15.2	20.0	8.6	5.2	5.4	2.8	4.0	7.9 ^a +0.9 ^b
Kantar Public	02.12-07.12.	1024	n / A	personally	35	18th	10	8th	4th	5	1	2	16 ^a
Millward Brown	November 18 - November 25	1007	RMF FM	by phone	34	17th	19th	8th	5	2	4th	2	6 ^a
IBRiS	November 18 - November 19	1100	Rzepa	by phone	29.7	14.2	19.9	9.1	4.5	4.3	3.5	4.0	8.5 ^a
Kantar Public	November 12th - November 17th	1030	n / A	personally	34	19th	9	8th	4th	5	1	2	16 ^a +2 ^b
CBOS	04.11. – 13.11.	1019	n / A	personally	38	14th	17th	6th	5	4th	2	1	10 ^a
IBRiS	09.11. – 10.11.	1110	Onet.pl	by phone	30.6	14.2	22.4	7.4	4.9	5.7	2.0	3.1	9.1 ^a +0.6 ^b
TNS Polska	25.10. – 26.10.	1000	GW	by phone	29	14th	19th	11	2	3	3	3	14 ^a +2 ^b
IBRiS	October 21-22	605	Rzepa	by phone	30.2	16.7	20.1	8.9	5.7	5.1	1.1	2.9	7.6 ^a
CBOS	08.10. – 19.10.	937	n / A	personally	38	15th	16	6th	4th	4th	3	2	11 ^a
Dobra Opinia	October 12 - October 16	8000	PPG	personally	33.9	20.7	17.5	8.6	6.0	4.2	2.2	4.2	2.6 ^b
IBRiS	October 12th - October 13th	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	29.3	16.3	22.9	6.8	5.3	5.2	1.4	3.4	8 ^a +1.4 ^b
TNS Polska	07.10. – 12.10.	1083	n / A	personally	34	15th	11	9	3	3	3	3	19 ^a
IBRiS	07.10. – 08.10.	1100	RZ	by phone	29.8	16.1	24.3	6.7	4.7	5.1	1.6	3.9	6.7 ^a +1.1 ^b
Millward Brown	02.10. – 05.10.	1002	TVN / TVN24	by phone	30th	16	22nd	8th	5	2	5	4th	5 ^a
Ipsos	09/28 - 09/30	1001	OKO.Press	by phone	34	14th	22nd	11	3	2	3	3	6 ^a
IBRiS	29.09.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	29	13	25th	10	5	3	3	5	6 ^a
IBRiS	23.09. – 24.09.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	32	15th	20th	11	5	4th	2	4th	6 ^a
TNS Polska	20.09.	1000	fact	by phone	36.1	17.1	19.6	12.6	4.9	2.5	3.7	1.8	0
IBRiS	15.09.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	31.2	18.2	20.1	9.0	4.1	3.5	1.9	2.3	9.5 ^a +0.2 ^b
CBOS	08.09. – 15.09.	981	n / A	personally	36	17th	16	6th	3	3	2	2	12 ^a
TNS Polska	09/14/2016	1028	n / A	personally	36	17th	11	9	3	3	2	1	8 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	08/27/2016	1100	Rzepa	by phone	28.6	17.4	18.9	10.6	5.3	5.2	1.9	3.8	8 ^a
CBOS	08/17 - 08/25	1033	n / A	personally	41	16	12	8th	3	3	2	3	10 ^a
IBRiS	08/18	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	34.3	18.4	17.9	10.1	4.8	3.2	2.5	3.5	5.3 ^a
TNS Polska	05.08. – 10.08.	1022	n / A	personally	36	18th	8th	9	3	5	3	0	17 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	July 29th - July 30th	1100	Rzepa	by phone	31.8	18.3	18.4	10.6	6.4	4.1	3.2	2.2	6 ^a
IBRiS	07/21	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	33.2	17.5	19.7	7.9	5.3	3.1	3.2	2.2	7.4 ^a
Millward Brown	07/21	1002	TVN / TVN24	by phone	33	19th	18th	7th	4th	2	3	4th	8 ^a
CBOS	06/30 - 07/07	983	n / A	personally	39	15th	14th	8th	3	3	4th	3	17 ^a
TNS Polska	July 1st - July 6th	976	n / A	personally	36	18th	10	8th	4th	4th	1	2	17 ^a
IBRiS	30.06.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	32.2	15.4	20.6	10.3	5.4	2.5	3.3	3.4	?
Ipsos	June 25th - June 28th	1001	OKO.Press	by phone	35	15th	20th	7th	2	3	8th	3	6 ^a
TNS Polska	June 27th - June 28th	1000	GW	by phone	30th	18th	16	9	3	3	6th	4th	10 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	June 22-23	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	35.5	15.4	19.6	11.0	4.7	3.2	3.5	2.0	4.6 ^a +0.5 ^b
Millward Brown	June 9th - June 10th	1001	TVN / TVN24	by phone	36	14th	21st	7th	4th	2	5	3	8 ^a
CBOS	02.06. – 09.06.	1002	n / A	personally	35	15th	14th	9	5	2	3	3	12 ^a
TNS Polska	03.06. – 08.06.	994	n / A	personally	40	17th	9	9	3	2	4th	2	13 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	03.06. – 04.06.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	32.7	18.2	19.3	7.9	3.7	4.6	5.0	2.9	5.7 ^a
CBOS	May 18-29	932	n / A	personally	36	16	14th	6th	4th	5	3	3	11 ^a
IBRiS	25.05.	-	Onet.pl	by phone	32.6	16.2	21.1	7.5	4.9	4.2	3.9	3.8	5.8 ^a
Millward Brown	May 23 - May 24	1002	TVN / TVN24	by phone	37	17th	20th	5	5	4th	4th	3	4 ^a +1 ^b
Millward Brown	May 20-22	1019	Gazeta.pl	by phone	34	14th	19th	4th	5	4th	6th	3	4 ^a +2 ^b
TNS Polska	May 13 - May 18	900	n / A	personally	39	17th	11	7th	4th	4th	2	2	14 ^a
Dobra Opinia	May 12th - May 17th	8000	PPG	personally	37.1	19.0	18.0	9.0	4.0	3.9	4.7	2.6	1.7 ^b
CBOS	05/05 - 12/05	1100	n / A	personally	34	16	18th	8th	4th	4th	3	2	10 ^a
TNS Polska	05/10	1000	GW	by phone	34	17th	20th	9	3	2	4th	2	9 ^a
IBRiS	May 6th - May 7th	1100	Rzepa	by phone	33.1	11.9	20.7	10.4	5.6	5.3	3.0	3.2	?
IBRiS	04/29	-	Onet.pl	by phone	34	16	22.5	8.4	5.1	3.5	1.4	1.9	6 ^a +1.1 ^b
Millward Brown	April 27-28	1000	TVN / TVN24	by phone	33	15th	22nd	7th	4th	3	4th	3	4 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	04/14	-	n / A	by phone	30.9	12.8	20.4	13.1	4.6	4.6	2.7	3.0	?
TNS Polska	April 8th - April 13th	983	n / A	personally	34	18th	9	8th	3	3	2	2	18 ^a +2 ^b
TNS Polska	April 12th - April 13th	1000	GW	by phone	32	15th	17th	12	4th	3	4th	3	11 ^a
IBRiS	April 8th - April 9th	1043	Rzepa	by phone	28	15th	22nd	12	4.5	4.5	5	3	6 ^a
CBOS	March 31 - April 7	1104	n / A	personally	38	13	18th	8th	4th	3	2	3	9 ^a
IBRiS	30.03.	-	Onet.pl	by phone	29.3	14.3	22.7	11.5	4.1	2.4	5.0	4.6	5.9 ^a +0.2 ^b
Millward Brown	March 22-23	1001	TVN / TVN24	by phone	29	17th	18th	10	6th	3	5	5	7 ^a
CBOS	March 12th - March 19th	1007	n / A	personally	34	14th	16	12	4th	3	6th	2	8 ^a
TNS Polska	03/15 - 03/16	1000	GW	by phone	26th	15th	19th	14th	3 (ZL)	2	5	4th	11 ^a
IBRiS	10.03. – 11.03.	1100	Rzepa	by phone	32.9	18.9	22.1	8.3	4.7	3.6	2.1	2.3	?
TNS Polska	04.03. – 09.03.	975	n / A	personally	38	12	13	9	3	5	2	1	18 ^a
CBOS	02.03. – 09.03.	1034	n / A	personally	37	18th	17th	8th	3	3	2	2	8 ^a
IBRiS	03.03.	-	Onet.pl	by phone	33.9	17.9	23.5	7.4	4.2	2.9	2.7	3.2	4.2 ^a
Millward Brown	02/25 - 02/26	1003	TVN / TVN24	by phone	32	17th	22nd	8th	4th	2	3	3	9 ^a
Dobra Opinia	02/10 - 02/16	8000	PPG	personally	34.5	18.0	18.4	11.6	4.8	4.2	4.0	3.1	1.5 ^b
IBRiS	02/12 - 02/13	1100	Rzepa	by phone	31	14th	25th	9	4th	4th	3	2.2	7.4+1.0 ^b
TNS Polska	05.02. – 10.02.	959	n / A	personally	40	15th	13	9	2	5	3	2	10 ^a
CBOS	03.02. – 10.02.	1000	n / A	personally	34	14th	19th	11	3	2	3	2	12 ^a
IBRiS	04.02.	-	Onet.pl	by phone	30.3	15.2	26.2	6.9	5.7	4.6	3.6	2.7	4.2 ^a +0.6 ^b
CBOS	January 21-28	992	n / A	personally	36	14th	18th	11	3	2	4th	2	17 ^a
TNS Polska	Jan 22-27	1004	n / A	personally	37	17th	13	10	4 (ZL)	4th	4th	1	10 ^a
TNS Polska	01/26	1017	fact	by phone	31.2	21.1	24.4	9.5	3.5 (ZL)	2.0	4.2	3.5	0
TNS Polska	January 15 - January 20	968	n / A	personally	38	16	15th	11	2 (ZL)	3	3	2	6 ^a
IBRiS	15/01 - 16/01	1100	Rzepa	by phone	32	14th	28	5	5	5	3	2	7.6 ^a
CBOS	07.01. – 14.01.	1063	n / A	personally	39	13	22nd	9	2	2	3	3	5 ^a
Millward Brown	13/01 - 14/01	1001	TVN / TVN24	by phone	30th	14th	27	9	5 (ZL)	2	4th	1	7 ^a
IBRiS	07.01.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	27.3	16.2	29.6	7.0	5.4 (ZL)	4.5	3.3	2.2	4.2 ^a
2016
IBRiS	17.12.	1100	WP	by phone	27.9	12.7	30.8	7.7	6.1 (ZL)	3.8	5	1.9	4.1 ^a
Millward Brown	17.12.	1002	TVN / TVN24	by phone	33	14th	28	6th	4 (ZL)	4th	4th	1	1 ^a
IBRiS	15.12.	-	SE	n / A	27.3	14.4	30.9	7.9	5.3 (ZL)	5.6	3.9	1.6	3.1 ^a
IBRiS	December 11-12.	1100	n / A	n / A	30th	15th	25th	5	7 (ZL)	6th	5	?	?
TNS Polska	10.12. – 11.12.	1000	GW	by phone	27	16	24	12	6 (ZL)	4th	4th	4th	5 ^a
Ipsos	10.12. – 11.12.	1002	TVP / TVP info	by phone	33	17th	18th	6th	6 (ZL)	3	6th	2	8 ^a +1 ^b
CBOS	03.12. – 10.12.	989	n / A	personally	35	15th	21st	8th	3	3	3	3	6 ^a
TNS Polska	04.12. – 09.12.	973	n / A	personally	42	17th	10	12	4 (ZL)	3	2	1	9 ^a
IBRiS	04.12. – 05.12.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	31.8	18th	20th	6.1	7.9 (ZL)	6.4	3.7	1.3	0.9 ^a
Millward Brown	03.12.	1002	TVN / TVN24	by phone	32	19th	20th	7th	6 (ZL)	4th	4th	2	6 ^a
IBRiS	11/27 - 11/28	-	Rzepa	by phone	35	15th	23	7th	5 (ZL)	5	5	2	4 ^a
Estymator	November 26-27	1092	Newsweek	by phone	42	16	17th	8th	4 (ZL)	4th	4th	3	2 ^b
Ipsos	November 18 - November 19	1001	TVP / TVP info	by phone	35	18th	10	10	4 (ZL)	4th	6th	3	9 ^a +1 ^b
Millward Brown	11/18	1002	TVN / TVN24	by phone	35	22nd	9	7th	7 (ZL)	5	5	4th	5 ^a +1 ^b
IBRiS	11/13 - 11/14	-	Rzepa	by phone	35	20th	14th	7th	8 (ZL)	5	4th	3	5 ^a
TNS Polska	November 6th - November 12th	1002	n / A	personally	44	17th	8th	9	5 (ZL)	4th	3	1	9 ^a
IBRiS	05.11. – 06.11.	1100	Onet.pl	by phone	34.4	19.9	13.5	7.6	8.9 (ZL)	5	3.8	4.2	2.6 ^a
IBRiS	03.11.	-	Rzepa	by phone	36	19th	12	10	6 ( ZL )	4th	4th	5	4 ^a
Election 2015					37.58	24.09	7.60	8.81	7.55 ( ZL )	5.13	4.79	3.62	New	0.87 ^b
Sources: ewybory.eu , Polskie Badania Wyborcze Explanation : ^a undecided voters, ^b other parties, ^c together with RN

Footnotes

^ Poland elects: ruling party PiS before marching through. In: orf.at . October 12, 2019, accessed October 12, 2019.
↑ ^a ^b Shortly before parliamentary elections: Three Polish ex-presidents warn of “authoritarian dictatorship”. In: derstandard.at . September 30, 2019, accessed October 12, 2019.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Obwieszczenie Państwowej Komisji Wyborczej. In: pkw.gov.pl. October 14, 2019, accessed October 15, 2019 (Polish).
↑ Car podala pierwsze dane frekwencyjne. In: pkw.gov.pl. October 14, 2019, accessed October 15, 2019 (Polish).
↑ Najnowsza frekwencja wyborcza na kolejnej konferencji cars. In: pkw.gov.pl. Retrieved October 15, 2019 (Polish).

[orf121019-1] Poland elects: ruling party PiS before marching through. In: orf.at . October 12, 2019, accessed October 12, 2019.

[standard300919-2] Shortly before parliamentary elections: Three Polish ex-presidents warn of “authoritarian dictatorship”. In: derstandard.at . September 30, 2019, accessed October 12, 2019.

[:0-3] Obwieszczenie Państwowej Komisji Wyborczej. In: pkw.gov.pl. October 14, 2019, accessed October 15, 2019 (Polish).

[4] Car podala pierwsze dane frekwencyjne. In: pkw.gov.pl. October 14, 2019, accessed October 15, 2019 (Polish).

[5] Najnowsza frekwencja wyborcza na kolejnej konferencji cars. In: pkw.gov.pl. Retrieved October 15, 2019 (Polish).