Hamburg-Veddel
 district of Hamburg |
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| Coordinates | 53 ° 31 '0 " N , 10 ° 2' 0" E |
| surface | 4.4 km² |
| Residents | 4475 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density | 1017 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation | 1768 |
| Post Code | 21109, 20539 |
| prefix | 040 |
| district | Hamburg-center |
| Transport links | |
| Highway |
 
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| Federal road |
 
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| Train |
 
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| Source: Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein | |
The Veddel [ fedəl ] is a district in the Hamburg-Mitte district of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg . It has belonged to Hamburg since 1768 and is located on the three Elbe islands Veddel , Peute and Wilhelmsburg .
geography
Geographical location
Veddel is located southeast of downtown Hamburg and is separated from it by the wide northern Elbe . The district includes the eastern part of the island of Veddel east of the railway line from Hamburg-Hauptbahnhof to Hamburg-Harburg and the Peute , also an island in the Elbe river basin . A small strip on the northern edge of the island of Wilhelmsburg also belongs to the Veddel district. The port of Hamburg extends west of the Veddel .
Structure of the district
The old town center around the Veddeler Markt in the north of the Veddel is today occupied by the Hamburg-Veddel motorway junction and the customs office of the same name, which has since been abandoned. A narrow and densely built-up residential area lies between the railway line, which borders the district to the west, and the Autobahn 255; the rest of the district consists of industrial and commercial areas.
The housing estate that exists today was built in the 1920s as one of the first municipal small apartment construction projects in Hamburg. Most of them had only two and many only 1½ rooms, and in a row of houses on Veddeler Brückenstraße there were no bathrooms in the apartments. Only one complex received a supply of warm water and is therefore still called the "warm water block" today. Before that, there had been a settlement with small houses on this site that had been built by the Hamburg shipowner Sloman. The building site was owned by the city, while local non-profit building cooperatives acted as builders. Hamburg's chief building director Fritz Schumacher specified the uniform design of the houses with red brick facades and flat roofs. The individual building blocks, which are grouped around a central square with a school, were built according to plans by various Hamburg architects. The settlement was the first housing estate in Hamburg to be subsidized from the so-called house interest tax , an early example of urban housing construction with socio-political objectives.
Neighboring districts
The Veddel borders in the north and east, on the other side of the Norderelbe, the Hamburg district Rothenburgsort and in the south Wilhelmsburg . To the west is the Kleiner Grasbrook district .
history
The origin of the name Veddel is believed to be derived from the Low German term Wede , which referred to a wooded pasture. In fact, the Veddel was pastureland for many years, on which mainly dairy farming was carried out. On the Elbe map by Melchior Lorichs from 1568 (today in the Hamburg State Archives) the name Veddel for an Elbe island can be found for the first time. Veddel came to Hamburg in 1768 through the Gottorper Treaty .
After the construction of the free port, the western part of the Veddel, the island "Große Veddel", became the port area. The island "Kleine Veddel" was raised and made a residential area. A whole series of residential buildings were built by 1885.
With the inauguration of Hamburg's Elbe bridges in 1887, there was a permanent road connection to the city center.
On July 5, 1878, a non-profit housing association founded by merchants bought a plot of land from the city at a low price on which Hamburg's first workers' settlement was built in the form of a garden city . It consisted of small individual houses. It was named after its initiator, the shipowner Robert Miles Sloman jr., Son of Robert Miles Sloman , Slomansiedlung. With this initiative the strengthening of the social democracy should be stopped by improving the living conditions of the workers . Further workers' settlements were built to compensate for the demolition of the Kehrwieder - and the Wandrahmviertel in favor of the construction of the Speicherstadt in the 1890s.
In 1928 this settlement was replaced by street-length brick buildings, which still characterize the district today, according to plans by the chief building director Fritz Schumacher .
On September 13, 1944, after 1,500 female prisoners had previously been temporarily housed there, 2,000 prisoners from Neuengamme concentration camp were taken to the Hamburg-Veddel satellite camp (Dessauer Ufer). They had previously been selected for forced labor in the Neuengamme main camp and, as part of the Geilenberg program, had to do construction and clearing work at the waterworks, breweries, mineral oil companies and the Reichsbahn from the sub- camp to secure the destroyed mineral oil industry .
The northern part of the Veddel, built in the Wilhelminian style, was largely lost in the Second World War , especially in Operation Gomorrah . The remaining remains were torn down to build roads and a customs office.
The only building preserved from this period was an old ballroom, which was listed as a "threatened monument" by the Hamburg Monument Association. Despite resistance from the Hamburg-Mitte district assembly , the Hamburg Port Authority HPA had the building demolished in May 2009.
Emigration halls
The emigration halls of the Hamburg-America Line, Hapag, were built south of the Müggenburg customs port from 1900 . On the initiative of the ship owner Albert Ballin, sleeping and living pavilions, dining halls, baths, churches and synagogues as well as rooms for medical examinations were built on a good 55,000 square meters in around thirty individual buildings.
Every emigrant arriving by train had to undergo a personal check and an initial health check here. In order to prevent diseases from breaking out on the ships, emigrants remained in quarantine for up to 14 days before they were allowed to go on the ships. With this measure, HAPAG also ensured that destitute emigrants could not get into the city. On the other hand, the inexperienced emigrants were protected from being talked into overpriced and useless goods.
This quarter, located far from the city center, was considered a model of cleanliness and effectiveness at the time. Stay, board and lodging were included in the price of the passenger tickets. The emigrant barracks on the Amerika-Kai that existed until then were needed to expand the port. This was preceded by the closure of the Hamburg borders, as the Russian emigrants were blamed for the outbreak of the cholera epidemic of 1892 .
From 1934 to 1938 the halls of the SS disposal troops (from 1939/40: Waffen-SS ), standard “Germania”, served as barracks. In 1938 the regiment moved to the newly built Heidberg barracks, Hamburg-Langenhorn. This building complex was used as a hospital from May 1945, known as the " Heidberg Hospital ".
The halls were later used as a warehouse and partly demolished in 1938 due to road construction. The other halls served as a prisoner-of-war camp during World War II, and as a refugee assembly camp after the end of the war.
The church of the emigration halls served the Veddel as a replacement after the destruction of the first Immanuel church. It was canceled after the storm surge in 1962.
The only remaining hall last housed a Portuguese restaurant and was also demolished in early summer 2006. In their place, an emigration museum was opened on July 5, 2007 under the name BallinStadt .
Storm surge 1962
Like Wilhelmsburg, which borders the district to the south, the Veddel was hit by the devastating storm surge on February 17, 1962. However, the residents were able to escape to the embankment or to the upper floors of the houses. Two residents died in the flooded basement. In the substitute homes in the allotment garden area on the Peute, three people died. One of the operations centers for the rescue teams was set up in the former emigration halls; the Slomanstieg School was one of the reception camps.
statistics
- Minor quota: 19.8% [Hamburg average: 16.3% (2017)].
- Elderly rate: 8.3% [Hamburg average: 18.2% (2017)].
- Proportion of foreigners: 45.1% [Hamburg average: 17.1% (2017)].
- Unemployment rate: 9.5% [Hamburg average: 5.2% (2017)].
The average income per taxpayer in Veddel is 15,831 euros annually (2013), the Hamburg average is 39,054 euros.
politics
Veddel belongs to the constituency of Billstedt-Wilhelmsburg-Finkenwerder for the election to the citizenship and the district assembly .
Election results
| Citizenship election | SPD | Left 1) | Green 2) | AfD | FDP | CDU | Rest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 32.0% | 26.7% | 22.7% | 3.4% | 1.6% | 1.6% | 12.0% |
| 2015 | 37.5% | 22.4% | 15.4% | 4.4% | 3.6% | 2.9% | 13.8% 3) |
| 2011 | 42.2% | 15.9% | 15.5% | - | 1.7% | 5.5% | 19.2% 4) |
| 2008 | 53.0% | 10.3% | 11.6% | - | 2.9% | 17.9% | 4.3% |
| 2004 | 45.3% | - | 9.6% | - | 2.0% | 32.5% | 10.6% |
| 2001 | 48.0% | 0.7% | 6.5% | - | 2.2% | 16.4% | 26.2% 5) |
| 1997 | 51.2% | 1.2% | 7.1% | - | 1.6% | 21.4% | 17.5% 6) |
| 1993 | 52.6% | - | 8.9% | - | 2.7% | 14.6% | 21.2% 7) |
| 1991 | 58.2% | 0.6% | 4.0% | - | 2.0% | 25.4% | 9.8% |
| 1987 | 56.7% | - | 3.0% | - | 2.3% | 35.7% | 2.3% |
| 1986 | 58.3% | - | 3.7% | - | 0.8% | 34.4% | 2.8% |
| Dec 1982 | 67.8% | - | 3.2% | - | 1.0% | 26.8% | 1.2% |
| June 1982 | 58.8% | - | 4.2% | - | 2.7% | 31.4% | 3.6% |
| 1978 | 71.7% | - | 1.2% | - | 2.2% | 23.1% | 1.8% |
| 1974 | 65.1% | - | - | - | 6.5% | 24.3% | 4.1% |
| 1970 | 72.4% | - | - | - | 3.7% | 20.5% | 3.4% |
| 1966 | 77.0% | - | - | - | 4.1% | 15.5% | 3.4% |
1) 1991 and 1997 as PDS / Linke Liste, 2001 as PDS.
2) 1978 as a colorful list - defend yourself , 1982 to 2011 as GRÜNE / GAL.
3) Including 5.9% for the Pirate Party .
4) Including 13.1% for the Pirate Party .
5) Including 21.8% for the Schill party .
6) Including 7.6% for the DVU .
7) Including 9.1% for the Republicans .
District politics
The District Assembly Hamburg-Mitte in 2008 set up a regional committee for the districts of Veddel, Wilhelmsburg, Kleiner Grasbrook and Steinwerder.
Culture and sights
Museums
In the south of the Veddel, the BallinStadt Emigration Museum is located in three buildings that have been reconstructed true to the original in the same place .
Churches
The Evangelical Lutheran Immanuel Church on the Veddel was inaugurated on March 26, 1905, largely destroyed in 1944 and rebuilt in the first years after the war.
IBA dock
In preparation for the International Building Exhibition in Hamburg , the IBA Dock , Germany's largest floating office building, was built in the Müggendorf customs port . The employees of IBA Hamburg GmbH moved into their offices in January 2010. The visitor center with exhibition was opened on May 6, 2010 by then Mayor Ole von Beust . Local residents protested with several actions on and on the water against the plans of the IBA and the lack of affordable housing in Hamburg.
Fountain on the Veddeler Stieg
In 1983 the fountain on the Veddeler Stieg was set up by the artist Doris Waschk-Balz .
Veddel Book Hall
The Veddel book hall is located in a side wing of the school building on Slomanstrasse. In the 30 years it was the first open access library in Germany in a working-class district. Before, there had only been counter libraries because it had been assumed that the advice of a librarian on what to read was essential for workers.
Polyclinic Veddel
The Veddel Polyclinic is a social district health center. There is a general practice, social and health advice and psychological advice.
Gold house
In the summer of 2017, the approximately 300 m² facade of the residential building at Veddeler Brückenstraße 152 was clad with gold leaf. The art campaign "Veddel gild", which was supported with 85,000 euros by the Hamburg cultural authority, is highly controversial.
Economy and Infrastructure
Established businesses
On the Peute , which has been part of the Veddel district since 1884, the plant of the copper smelter Norddeutsche Affinerie AG was built in 1909 , which was renamed Aurubis AG in 2009 . Today it is one of the largest employers in Hamburg. Another important employer on the Peute was the central warehouse and factory building of the GEG (Großeinkaufgesellschaft Deutscher Consumvereine mbH.), Built between 1925 and 1927. Although the building ensemble was an outstanding and well-preserved testimony to Hamburg's industrial architecture, most of it was demolished despite protests by the preservationists. Only one of the former seven buildings has been refurbished in accordance with a listed building and is rented out by Kreativgesellschaft Hamburg.
A major chemical accident occurred in 1928 on the densely populated Peute. On May 20, a boiler with liquefied phosgene gas exploded on the premises of the Stoltzenberg chemical plant . Twelve people died.
The Veddeler fish restaurant is located in Tunnelstrasse . The restaurant, founded in 1932, has resided in an auxiliary building that was expanded in 1946 since it was destroyed during the bombing raids in 1943. Because of the establishment of the place and the preparation of the fried fish according to the original recipe, the restaurant developed into a cult eatery, which is regularly reported in newspapers and on television. In autumn 2009, the Hamburg-Mitte district assembly applied for the establishment to be listed as a historical monument. In 2010, the Veddeler Fischgaststätte was honored as one of 40 taverns in Germany in the competition "Historic taverns in Germany" organized by DEHOGA and the Bund Heimat und Umwelt (Home and Environment) and can call itself "Historic tavern".
Delfi Cocoa Europe has been producing cocoa butter , cocoa cakes and preliminary products for nougat cream or chocolate on the Veddel since 2007 . Customers include u. a. Nestlé . So far, 65 million euros have been invested in the location on the Veddel. According to its own statements, the plant processes 100,000 tons of cocoa beans every year. Due to the smell of the production facility, there has been resistance against the plant since the end of 2009.
traffic
The Veddel is extremely important for through traffic by road and rail, because two of Hamburg's Elbe bridges lead into the district : The first Norderelbbrücke was built by the Cologne-Mindener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft in 1868–1872 for the Harburg – Hamburg railway line . It has been expanded several times and today takes on long-distance traffic to Hamburg Central Station , S-Bahn traffic on lines S3 and S31, as well as freight traffic on the southern Hamburg freight bypass .
The first road bridge was inaugurated in 1888. In 1960, a modern truss bridge was built on both sides of the bridge, over which the federal highways 4 and 75 lead, which immediately afterwards merge into the federal motorway 255 . The old part of the bridge was formerly used for the tram ; it now serves as a bus lane and merges into the former Veddel tram tunnel , which enabled trams and traffic to cross at no level .
The Freihafen-Elbbrücke, which is right next to the railway bridge, but already in the neighboring district of Kleiner Grasbrook, originally only served rail and road traffic in the Hamburg free port, but is freely accessible after the end of the free port. The Veddel S-Bahn station is on the Harburg S-Bahn .
The road bridge
The Norderelbbrücken with the Veddel left in the background
The Freeport Bridge and the Railway Bridge
On September 23, 1983, the direct current S-Bahn to Harburg ( Harburger S-Bahn ) was opened with the new S-Bahn station Veddel (previously a stop ) moved to the south . Since then there has been a dense and regular rhythm u. a. to the main train station, which is only two stops away, or to Harburg .
The Veddeler Bridge Street , which cuts through the residential area diagonally was until the end of the 1980s, part of the federal highways 4 and 75 since 1950. She took the trade to Wilhelm Reichsstraße on an expressway to Wilhelmsburg and on to Harburg, which begins at the southern edge of the district . In the course of the connection of the expressway to the federal motorway 252 , the Veddeler Brückenstraße was traffic calmed. Buses and through traffic use the Hovestieg - Am Zollhafen road .
In the course of the construction of underground line 4 by the Hamburger Hochbahn , an extension via the Veddel to Harburg was also discussed.
Public facilities
The Hamburg-Veddel customs office was one of the entrances to the Hamburg free port to the west , which was closed on January 1, 2013.
education
The school on the Veddel (formerly Slomanstieg School) is a district school with an associated elementary and preschool. It is the only school on the Veddel for around 450 students. The secondary is full-time school . Around 90 percent of students do not speak German as their mother tongue. The school has 25 different nations and the students speak a total of 26 different languages.
Others
Veddelhose, guild trousers with flares , gained international fame and were first made by a local tailor shop .
See also
- List of streets, squares and bridges in Hamburg-Veddel
- List of cultural monuments in Hamburg-Veddel
- List of stumbling blocks in Hamburg-Veddel
literature
- Paul Ebert (Ed.): The Veddel in words and pictures: with contributions from Hamburg art friends and writers . Hamburg, [1911]
- Margret Markert, Gordon Uhlmann, Barbara Günther: The Veddel. A district in the river between traffic, port and industry, Wilhelmsburg & Hafen history workshop, Hamburg 2019.
- Dieter Thal: Hamburg-Veddel . (Series archive images), Sutton-Verlag Erfurt 2012, ISBN 978-3-95400-111-8
- Gordon Uhlmann: The Veddel - urban development in the river. From the pasture island to the residential area between the port and industry , in: Geschichtswerkstatt Wilhelmsburg Honigfabrik eV (Ed.): Wilhelmsburg. Hamburgs Große Elbe Island , 2nd edition Hamburg 2014, ISBN 978-3937843-46-9 , pp. 59–80.
- Individual aspects
- Emigration port Hamburg , ISBN 3-929229-75-7
- Iris Groschek: The Veddel and us. Impressions from the history of the SPD Veddel, BoD Norderstedt 2007 ISBN 978-3-8370-0295-9
- Endangered balance, A life in Hamburg 1936–1945 , Gertrud Seydelmann, (former head of the Veddel library) ISBN 3-88506-265-8
Sources and individual references
- ↑ The Veddel - a district in the river between traffic, port and industry, Wilhelmsburg & Hafen history workshop, Hamburg June 2019 p. 42
- ↑ The Veddel - a district in the river between traffic, port and industry, Wilhelmsburg & Hafen history workshop, Hamburg June 2019 p. 42
- ↑ "Ballsaal" on www.denkmalverein.de ( Memento from July 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Inquiry from the member of parliament Carola Veit to the Hamburg Senate regarding the demolition of the ballroom.
- ↑ There was an exhibition before the ballroom was demolished. This page also shows pictures from inside the ballroom. ( Memento from January 25, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Quota of minors in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Proportion of 65-year-olds and older in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Proportion of foreigners in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Unemployment rate in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein (ed.): Hamburg District Profile 2016 (= NORD.regional . Volume 19 ). 2018, ISSN 1863-9518 ( Online PDF 6.6 MB [accessed February 12, 2018]).
- ↑ Hanfried Slawik : Floating Houses in Deutsche Bauzeitung from December 30, 2010
- ↑ "Goldhaus" in Hamburg's problem district causes trouble on stern.de, accessed on August 14, 2017
- ^ The Veddel - A district in the river between traffic, harbor and industry , Wilhelmsburg & Hafen history workshop, Hamburg June 2019 p. 29
- ↑ http://www.ahgz.de/archiv/Bundeswettbewerb-Historische-Gasthaeuser-Sieger-haben-fest,200012171051.html
- ↑ http://www.dradio.de/dlf/sendung/firmen/1061087/
- ↑ "Den Veddelern's stinky" report in the Hamburger Abendblatt dated December 30, 2009 ( Memento of the original dated April 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ "Why does it smell unpleasant in Veddel and Rothenburgsort?" Report in the WELT from February 26, 2010
- ↑ http://www.schule-auf-der-veddel.hamburg.de/index.php/
- ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt on the history of Veddelhose
Web links
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