District of Peine
coat of arms | Germany map |
---|---|
Coordinates: 52 ° 18 ' N , 10 ° 16' E |
|
Basic data | |
State : | Lower Saxony |
Administrative headquarters : | Torment |
Area : | 534.97 km 2 |
Residents: | 134,801 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
Population density : | 252 inhabitants per km 2 |
License plate : | PE |
Circle key : | 03 1 57 |
NUTS : | DE91A |
Circle structure: | 7 municipalities |
Address of the district administration: |
Burgstrasse 1 31224 Peine |
Website : | |
District Administrator : | Franz Einhaus ( SPD ) |
Location of the district of Peine in Lower Saxony | |
The district of Peine is a district in eastern Lower Saxony .
geography
The district of Peine extends roughly halfway between the two regional centers of Lower Saxony, Hanover and Braunschweig. In the south of the district it has a share in the fertile arable soils of the Hildesheimer Börde . Approximately north of the federal highway 2 , the foothills of the Südheide are already noticeable in the north of the district . The soils become more sandy here.
The district lies north of the low mountain range in the North German Plain . The highest natural elevation is 132 m above sea level. NHN der Ballenberg, west of the village of Barbecke in the municipality of Lengede, on the southern border of the district of Hildesheim and the city of Salzgitter.
Neighboring areas
The district borders in a clockwise direction in the northwest with the Hanover region , the Gifhorn district , the independent cities of Braunschweig and Salzgitter and the Hildesheim district .
Rivers, canals
The rivers Fuhse , Oker , Aue and Erse and the Mittelland Canal with the Salzgitter branch canal run through the district .
history
The district of Peine was newly formed by the Prussian administration on April 1, 1885 from the city of Peine, the Peine office and 21 municipalities and manor districts of the Meinersen office. The northern part of the district was part of the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and belonged to the Gografschaft Edemissen of the Meinersen office. The southern part has belonged to the Hildesheim Monastery since the Middle Ages . The latter fell to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1803 , and then to the new Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 .
In 1941 the Braunschweig enclaves Ölsburg and Neuölsburg were added to the district. In addition, the Brunswick community of Woltorf was incorporated into the community of Woltorf , which was already part of the district. The next expansion took place on July 1, 1972 to include the places Barbecke , Broistedt and Woltwiesche , which until then belonged to the Wolfenbüttel district and were incorporated into Lengede . On March 1, 1974, the communities of Hämelerwald , Dedenhausen and Eltze were assigned to the district of Hanover and the community of Ohof to the district of Gifhorn . At the same time, the district of Peine received the communities Vechelde and Wendeburg with all the localities (1974–1981 with Didderse , previously the district of Gifhorn) - today's Wendeburg districts of Rüper and Wense were already part of the district of Peine - from the dissolved district of Braunschweig . In order to rebuild the community of Didderse, an area was separated from the community of Wendeburg on May 1, 1981, and the new community became part of the Gifhorn district.
The region has had a tradition of mining and smelting since the Ilseder Hütte was founded in Groß Ilsede in 1858 . In 1976 ore mining was stopped. A tragic and well-known event in the history of the district is the 1963 mining disaster in Lengede , in which 29 miners were killed.
On July 10, 2014, the members of the Ilsede and Lahstedt municipal councils decided to merge the two municipalities. The merger of the municipalities was implemented on January 1, 2015.
A planned merger of the districts of Peine and Hildesheim was planned for November 1, 2016. The start of merger negotiations was controversial in various bodies. In July 2015, the desired merger failed in a vote in the Hildesheim district council.
Population development
year | Residents | source | Timeline |
---|---|---|---|
1890 | 37,150 |
|
|
1900 | 46,682 | ||
1910 | 50,511 | ||
1925 | 54,543 | ||
1939 | 56,266 | ||
1950 | 106.108 | ||
1960 | 95,500 | ||
1970 | 98,000 | ||
1980 | 118,400 | ||
1990 | 120,441 | ||
2000 | 132.243 | ||
2010 | 131,545 | ||
2015 | 132,320 |
politics
Official governors of the Peine office before 1885
- 1870–1873 August Hoppenstedt
District administrators
- 1885–1888 Bernhard Bauerschmidt
- 1888–1893 Rudolf von Bennigsen
- 1893–1898 Hans von Hammerstein-Equord (District Administrator)
- 1898–1920 Oswald from the Winckel
- 1920–1928 Gustav Berlin
- 1928–1932 Hans Brandt
- 1932–1934 Hans Waldow Ritzler
- 1934–? Helmut Freise
- 1945–1946 Richard Brennig
- 1946–1948 Heinrich Steinmann
- 1948–1949 Hermann Ernst
- 1949–1951 Karl Munzel
- 1951–1952 Richard Langeheine
- 1952–1955 Bruno Schütz
- 1955–1957 Horst Leßmann
- 1957–1958 Bruno Schütz
- 1958–1961 Kurt Brandes
- 1961–1964 Bruno Böhme
- 1964–1972 Hertha Peters
- 1972–1981 Paul Becker
- 1981–1986 Helmut Glandt
- 1986–1996 Otto Heinz Ohlendorf
- 1996–2000 Rosemarie Leunig
- since 2000 Franz Einhaus
Franz Einhaus was re-elected in the district elections in 2006 with 61.3 percent of the votes and in 2016 (54.1%) in the first round of voting.
District council
The last elections to the district assembly saw the following results:
Political party | Sept 11, 2016 | Sept 11, 2011 | Sept 10, 2006 | Sept 9, 2001 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SPD | 42.18% | 21 seats | 47.73% | 23 seats | 48.58% | 24 seats | 48.2% | 25 seats |
CDU | 30.43% | 15 seats | 31.21% | 16 seats | 34.86% | 18 seats | 37.9% | 19 seats |
AfD | 8.70% | 4 seats | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Green | 8.51% | 4 seats | 11.51% | 6 seats | 6.33% | 3 seats | 5.1% | 2 seats |
FDP | 3.12% | 2 seats | 2.18% | 1 seat | 4.12% | 2 seats | 3.3% | 2 seats |
The left | 2.67% | 1 seat | 2.87% | 1 seat | - | - | - | - |
PB | 2.24% | 1 seat | 3.77% | 2 seats | 3.09% | 2 seats | 5.4% | 2 seats |
FBI | 1.35% | 1 seat | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Pirate party | 0.75% | 1 seat | 1.71% | 1 seat | - | - | - | - |
WASG | - | - | - | - | 2.22% | 1 seat | - | - |
GuB | - | - | - | - | 0.77% | 0 seats | - | - |
voter turnout | 61,361 of 107,853 | 56,820 of 106,290 | 56,148 of 107,341 | 57,010 of 104,362 | ||||
56.89% | 53.45% | 52.3% | 54.62% |
coat of arms
The district had the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior approved a new coat of arms on November 18, 1958. It shows the wolf of Gunzelin von Wolfenbüttel, the founder of the town of Peine, in a double shape, red on a golden field, turned outwards and erect to defend himself. The two wolves are, so to speak, on watch for the existence of the Peine district against the heraldic lions of the urban centers of Hanover and Braunschweig, which are always hungry for their territory. One was free to choose the color of the coat of arms, as the colors of Gunzelin's coat of arms, which has only been handed down on shield seals, are not known. Gold and red were chosen, the colors of the episcopal princely state of Hildesheim, to which the area of today's district came shortly after Gunzelin's death and to which it belonged for five and a half centuries (until 1802).
Before that, the district had a split and half split coat of arms from 1934 to 1958. In the upper golden field it showed a black wolf with red claws and a red tongue jumping to the left. In the lower left field a silver gear wheel on a red background and in the right field a slanted silver sickle on a green background. These referred to the agriculture carried out in the Peine district and the industry located there. The design came from Emil-Werner Baule and was approved by the Prussian State Ministry on January 15, 1935.
landscape
The district is a member of the registered association Braunschweigische Landschaft based in Braunschweig. It was founded to maintain cultural institutions in the region.
District partnerships
The district of Peine maintains a partnership with the city of Heinola in Finland and the Polish powiat Opolski (Opole) . In October 2009, a partnership agreement was signed with the city of Nanchang , capital of Jiangxi Province in the People's Republic of China.
Economy and Transport
In the Future Atlas 2016 , the district of Peine was ranked 186th out of 402 districts, municipal associations and urban districts in Germany, making it one of the regions with a “balanced risk-opportunity mix” for the future.
railroad
As early as 1844, the Braunschweigische Staatsbahn opened its east-west route from Peine to Braunschweig, which connected to the Hannöversche Staatsbahn from Hanover the previous year .
The Magdeburg-Halberstädter Eisenbahngesellschaft set up a train station on their Hanover – Stendal line , built in 1871, in Plockhorst, in what is now the northern tip of the district. The Reichsbahn line Celle – Braunschweig later crossed here , which reached Plockhorst in 1921 and was continued in 1923. A cross-connection between Plockhorst and Peine was added in 1922.
The east-west route Hildesheim – Braunschweig was opened by the Prussian State Railways in 1889. In Broistedt, today in the south of the Peine district, the Ilsede-Lengeder railway, built in 1884 as a narrow-gauge railway, joined the Ilseder Hütte, which later operated as the Groß Ilsede – Broistedt small railway and was gauged until 1919. In Groß Ilsede it was connected to the railway to Peine, which was also opened by the Ilseder Hütte in 1865 (as a horse-drawn tram). Today they form the Peiner Eisenbahn of Verkehrsbetriebe Peine-Salzgitter GmbH .
The route was continued from Broistedt to Salzgitter-Engelnstedt after 1940. The Braunschweigische Landes-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft , which originally operated in the Salzgitter area , was nationalized in 1938 and its routes completely changed or dismantled. In 1886 it opened the Braunschweig – Hoheweg – Lichtenberg – Derneburg line and the Hoheweg – Wolfenbüttel branch. For this purpose, the federal railway lines Wolfenbüttel – Salzgitter-Drütte and Salzgitter-Drütte – SZ-Lebenstedt – SZ-Lichtenberg were built around 1956, where the original route was reached again.
The community Hohenhameln in the southwest of the Peine district was connected to Hildesheim on the one hand and Hämelerwald on the Hanover-Peine line on the other hand through the Hildesheim-Peiner Kreis-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft since 1896/97 .
Streets
The federal highways 1 , 65 , 214 , 444 and 494 as well as the federal motorway 2 run through the district of Peine.
Air traffic
The nearest airports are on the BAB 2 in the west of the airport Hannover-Langenhagen in Langenhagen and in east direction of the Braunschweig airport in Braunschweig . The Peine-Glindbruchkippe airfield is located in the town of Peine near Vöhrum , and the currently closed Peine-Eddesse airfield is in the neighboring municipality of Edemissen .
Healthcare
hospital | Seat | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Klinikum Peine (previously Peine District Hospital ), since 2003 part of the AKH Group, Celle |
Torment | 415 | 385 | 364 | 331 | 331 | 331 | 331 | 331 | 331 | 312 | 312 |
total | 415 | 385 | 364 | 331 | 331 | 331 | 331 | 331 | 331 | 312 | 312 |
Communities
Unified municipalities of the district of Peine |
Population figures (as of December 31, 2019) |
|
---|---|---|
1 | Edemissen | 12,435 |
2 | Hohenhameln | 9286 |
3 | Ilsede | 21,738 |
4th | Lengede | 13,356 |
5 | Peine , district town , independent municipality | 49,990 |
6th | Vechelde | 17,584 |
7th | Wendeburg | 10,412 |
Parishes since 1885
The following table lists all municipalities that have ever belonged to the district of Peine and their current affiliation:
local community | later affiliation |
Date of incorporation |
annotation |
---|---|---|---|
Abbensen | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Adenstedt |
Lahstedt Ilsede |
February 1, 1971 January 1, 2015 |
|
Alvesse | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Alvesse | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Bekum |
Hohenhameln Stedum |
July 1, 1964 March 1, 1974 |
|
Bettmar | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Berkum | Torment | March 1, 1974 | |
Mountains of beer | Hohenhameln | March 1, 1974 | |
Blumenhagen | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Bodenstedt | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Bortfeld | Wendeburg | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Curl | Hohenhameln | March 1, 1974 | |
Bülten | Ilsede | 1st February 1971 | until 1966 Klein Bülten |
Claws | Hohenhameln | March 1, 1974 | |
Dedenhausen | Uetze | March 1, 1974 | on March 1, 1974 to the district of Hanover |
Denstorf | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Dungelbeck | Torment | March 1, 1974 | |
Eddesse | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Edemissen | Edemissen | ||
Eickenrode | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Eixe | Torment | March 1, 1974 | |
Eltze | Uetze | March 1, 1974 | on March 1, 1974 to the district of Hanover |
Equord | Hohenhameln | March 1, 1974 | |
Fürstenau | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Gadenstedt |
Lahstedt Ilsede |
February 1, 1971 January 1, 2015 |
|
Groß Bülten | Ilsede | 1st February 1971 | |
Great Gleidingen | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Great Ilsede | Ilsede | 1st February 1971 | |
Large loaf soil |
Lahstedt Ilsede |
February 1, 1971 January 1, 2015 |
|
Groß Solschen |
Solschen Ilsede |
January 1, 1964 February 1, 1971 |
|
Haemelerwald | Taught | March 1, 1974 | since March 1, 1974 district of Hanover |
Handorf | Torment | July 1, 1968 | |
Hohenhameln | Hohenhameln | ||
horst |
Wipshausen Edemissen |
January 1, 1968 March 1, 1974 |
|
Klein Gleidingen | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Klein Ilsede | Ilsede | 1st February 1971 | |
Small loaf soil | Lengede | July 1, 1972 | |
Klein Solschen |
Solschen Ilsede |
January 1, 1964 February 1, 1971 |
|
Kochingen | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Lahstedt | Ilsede | January 1, 2015 | Formed February 1, 1971 |
Lengede | Lengede | July 1, 1972 | |
Liedingen | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Mehrum | Hohenhameln | March 1, 1974 | |
Mödesse | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Münstedt |
Lahstedt Ilsede |
February 1, 1971 January 1, 2015 |
|
Neuölsburg |
Ilsede oil castle |
July 1, 1964 February 1, 1971 |
until August 1, 1941 in the Braunschweig district |
Oberg |
Lahstedt Ilsede |
February 1, 1971 January 1, 2015 |
|
Oedesse | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Oelerse | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Ohlum | Hohenhameln | March 1, 1974 | |
Ohof | Meinersen | March 1, 1974 | on March 1, 1974 to the district of Gifhorn |
Ölsburg | Ilsede | 1st February 1971 | until August 1, 1941 in the Braunschweig district |
Peine , city | Torment | ||
Plockhorst | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Rietze | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Rosenthal | Torment | March 1, 1974 | |
Reddish | Hohenhameln | March 1, 1974 | |
Rüper | Wendeburg | March 1, 1974 | |
Schmedenstedt | Torment | March 1, 1974 | |
Schwicheldt | Torment | March 1, 1974 | |
Sir | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Solschen | Ilsede | 1st February 1971 | re-formed on January 1, 1964 |
Sonnenberg | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Sophiental | Wendeburg | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Saußmar | Hohenhameln | March 1, 1974 | |
Stederdorf | Torment | March 1, 1974 | |
Stedum | Hohenhameln | March 1, 1974 | |
Vallstedt | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Vechelade | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Vechelde | Vechelde | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district | |
Vöhrum | Torment | March 1, 1974 | |
Voigtholz-Ahlemissen | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Choose | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Wedtlenstedt | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Wehnsen | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Wendeburg | Wendeburg | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district | |
Wendesse | Torment | March 1, 1974 | |
Wense | Wendeburg | March 1, 1974 | |
Wierthe | Vechelde | March 1, 1974 | until March 1, 1974 in the Braunschweig district |
Wipshausen | Edemissen | March 1, 1974 | |
Woltorf | Torment | March 1, 1974 |
Protected areas
In addition to landscape protection areas and natural monuments, there are eight designated nature protection areas in the district (as of February 2017).
See also:
- List of nature reserves in the Peine district
- List of landscape protection areas in the district of Peine
- List of natural monuments in the Peine district
- List of protected landscape components in the district of Peine
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign PE when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is still issued today.
literature
- Kurt Brüning : The Peine district (Hildesheim district) . In: The districts in Lower Saxony , Volume 16, Dorn Verlag, Bremen 1958
- District Peine (Ed.): District Peine. Georg Westermann Verlag, Braunschweig 1965.
- Henrik Kühn: The district of Peine and its communities . In: Niedersachsenbuch 2000 Peine , Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior and Sport, Hannover 2000, pp. 107–116, ISSN 0946-5588
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 204, 216 f. and 274 .
- ^ Municipal councils vote for the merger of Ilsede and Lahstedt . Peiner Allgemeine Zeitung, July 10, 2014, accessed on July 11, 2014
- ↑ Merger between Peine and Hildesheim: Start should be November 1st, 2016 . Peiner Allgemeine Zeitung, February 18, 2014, accessed on July 11, 2014
- ↑ Hildesheimers only want fusion with Peine . Braunschweiger Zeitung - Peiner Nachrichten, November 16, 2013
- ↑ Will there soon be a merger between the districts of Peine and Hildesheim? Peiner Allgemeine Zeitung, October 3, 2013, accessed on July 11, 2014
- ↑ Is the Hildesheim district merging with Peine? ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Hildesheimer Allgemeine Zeitung, accessed on July 11, 2014
- ↑ Thorsten Pifan: Do several communities want to stop the merger between Peine and Hildesheim? In: Peiner Allgemeine Zeitung, June 6, 2014, accessed on July 11, 2014
- ↑ No merger of the Hildesheim and Peine districts ( Memento of the original from August 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Peiner Allgemeine Zeitung, July 21, 2015, accessed on October 12, 2015
- ^ Standoff in the district assembly. Merger with Peine rejected , website of the district of Hildesheim on the district merger , accessed on October 12, 2015
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. peine.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1981
- ↑ a b c d Lower Saxony regional database
- ↑ [1] Results of the local elections in 2001 and 2006
- ↑ - ( Memento of the original from June 21, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Result of the 2011 local elections
- ^ A b Arnold Rabbow: New Braunschweigisches Wappenbuch. Braunschweiger Zeitungsverlag, Meyer Verlag, Braunschweig 2003, ISBN 3-926701-59-5 , p. 125.
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Manfred Grunert: Railway lines in the Peiner Land. Part 1: The branch lines. Braunschweigische Heimat (98), issue 1/2012, pp. 22-25. Part 2: The main routes. Braunschweigische Heimat (98), issue 2/2012, pp. 6-8.
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ Municipal directory 1910: Peine district
- ↑ territorial.de: District of Peine