District of Braunschweig

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 52 ° 16 '  N , 10 ° 31'  E
Basic data (as of 1974)
Existing period:	1833-1974
State :	Lower Saxony
Administrative region :	Braunschweig
Administrative headquarters :	Braunschweig
Area :	409.74 km 2
Residents:	96,800 (Dec. 31, 1973)
Population density :	236 inhabitants per km 2
License plate :	BS
Circle key :	03 7 32
Circle structure:	66 parishes
Address of the district administration:	Eiermarkt 4–5 3300 Braunschweig
District Administrator :	Fritz Lau

The district of Braunschweig was a district in Lower Saxony until 1974 . It was last 409.74 km² and had 96,800 inhabitants. In the 1960s it was only 48th among the then sixty districts of Lower Saxony in terms of area, but eighth place in terms of population.

geography

Neighboring areas

At the beginning of 1974 the district bordered in a clockwise direction in the west, beginning with the districts of Peine , Gifhorn , Helmstedt and Wolfenbüttel and the independent city of Salzgitter . The city of Braunschweig, which has been an independent city since 1925, was enclosed by the area of ​​the district.

Thedinghausen exclave

For historical reasons (belonging to the Duchy or Free State of Braunschweig as an exclave), part of the Braunschweig district was about 150 km from Braunschweig in the north-west: the area around Thedinghausen and Emtinghausen on the Weser between Bremen and Verden , then with almost 5,000 inhabitants approx. 63 km². District council meetings were held here regularly in what was then the Hotel Braunschweiger Hof . Thedinghausen and Emtinghausen have belonged to the Verden district since July 1, 1972 . The coat of arms of the municipality of Thedinghausen and the integrated municipality of Thedinghausen is based on that of the former district of Braunschweig to this day. The main road in Thedinghausen still bears the name Braunschweiger Straße after the former state capital and district town.

history

The circle was created in 1833 when the Duchy of Braunschweig was divided into six circles.

In 1850 the district area was expanded by adding the “ Thedinghausen Office, both in relation to the administration of justice and to the administration of the Braunschweig district”, which had previously belonged to the Holzminden district (see history of the Holzminden district ) .

With the entry into force of the recast city order of the State of Braunschweig , the city eliminated Brunswick on April 1, 1925 out of the circle. In 1931, the district of Braunschweig gave the municipality of Veltenhof and on April 1, 1934 the municipalities of Gliesmarode , Lehndorf , Melverode , Ölper , Querum , Riddagshausen and Rühme to the independent city of Braunschweig. In 1941, as part of the reorganization of the national borders of Braunschweig and Prussia, the communities of Ölsburg and Neuölsburg were reclassified from the Braunschweig district to the Peine district in what was then Prussia as part of the so-called Salzgitter Act . At the same time, the municipality of Woltorf , which had previously belonged to the district, was incorporated into the Prussian municipality of the same name in the district of Peine.

On July 1, 1968, the communities of Wendeburg , Wendezelle and Zweidorf merged to form a new community of Wendeburg . Two years before the final dissolution of the Braunschweig district was the last change in its territorial status: The Thedinghausen district, which had been part of it for 122 years, was spun off on July 1, 1972 and assigned to the Verden district. The municipality Essenrode was in the newly formed unified community on the same day teaching incorporated and thus came to Brunswick County. While the municipalities of the Thedinghausen office were assigned to the Verden district, Essenrode was previously a municipality in the Gifhorn district . At the time of its spin-off, the Thedinghausen office consisted of the member communities Ahsen-Oetzen , Dibbersen-Donnerstedt (with the localities Dibbersen and Donnerstedt ), Eißel , Holtorf-Lunsen (with the localities Holtorf and Lunsen ), Horstedt, since January 1, 1966 , Thedinghausen and Werder existing joint community Thedinghausen and the communities Bahlum and Emtinghausen .

On March 1, 1974, the Braunschweig district was dissolved. The city of Braunschweig - previously the administrative seat of the Kragenkreis - became the district's legal successor. At that time still belonged to the area of ​​the district

• the 66 communities Abbenrode , Alvesse , Beienrode , Bettmar , Bevenrode , Bienrode , Bodenstedt , Bortfeld , Broitzem , Cremlingen , Denstorf , Destedt , Dibbesdorf , Duttenstedt , Erkerode , Essehof , Essinghausen , Flechtorf , Fürstenau , Gardessen , Groß Brunsrode , Groß Gleidingen , Harvesse , Hemkenrode , Hötzum , Hondelage , Hordorf , Klein Brunsrode , Klein Gleidingen , Klein Schoeppenstedt , Köchingen , lamb , teaching, Liedingen , Lucklum , Mascherode , Meerdorf , Neubrückenstraße , Niedersickte , Obersickte , Rautheim , Rüningen , Schandelah , Schapenberg , Schulenrode , Sierße , Sonnenberg , Sophiental , Stöckheim near Braunschweig , Thune , Timmerlah , Vallstedt , Vechelade , Vechelde , Veltheim , Völkenrode , Volkmarode , Waggum , Wahle , Watenbüttel , Weddel , Wedtlenstedt , Wendeburg , Wenden , Wendhausen and Wierthe as well
• the municipality-free areas Beienrode, Buchhorst, Essehof I, Essehof II, Essehof III, Meerdorfer Holz, Querum, Sophiental I, Sophiental II and Wendhausen.

The localities of the dissolved district were incorporated into the city of Braunschweig or incorporated into the districts of Helmstedt, Peine and Wolfenbüttel as follows.
(  Map with all linked pages: OSM | WikiMap )

Incorporated into the city of Braunschweig (1974): Bevenrode Bienrode Broitzem Dibbesdorf Hondelage Lamb Mascherode Rautheim Rüningen Schapen Stockheim Tuna Timmerlah Völkenrode Folk ailment Waggum Watenbüttel Turn Buchhorst area free of municipalities Querum municipality-free area

Integrated into the district of Helmstedt (1974): in the enlarged community of teaching (1972): Beienrode Essehof Flechtorf Great Brunsrode Klein Brunsrode Teaching Wendhausen Beienrode area free of parish Essehof I municipality-free area Municipality-free area Essehof II Municipality-free area Essehof III Wendhausen area free of parishes

Integrated into the district of Peine (1974): to the city of Peine : Duttenstedt Essinghausen to the enlarged municipality of Vechelde : Alvesse Bettmar Bodenstedt Denstorf Fürstenau Great Gleidingen Klein Gleidingen Kochingen Liedingen Sir Sonnenberg Vallstedt Vechelade Vechelde Choose Wedtlenstedt Wierthe in the enlarged municipality of Wendeburg : Bortfeld Harvesse Sea village Neubrück Sophiental Wendeburg Meerdorfer Holz free from parish Unregulated area Sophiental I Unregulated area Sophiental II

Integrated into the Wolfenbüttel district (1974): to the enlarged community of Cremlingen : Abbenrode Cremlingen Destedt Gardessen Hemkenrode Hordorf Klein Schöppenstedt Schandelah Schulerode Fronds in the Samtgemeinde Sickte : to the enlarged municipality of Erkerode : Lucklum Bay window in the enlarged municipality of Sickte: Hötzum Sick Sick the municipality of Veltheim (Ohe)

Already incorporated into the Verden district in 1972 : in the joint municipality of Thedinghausen : to the enlarged community of Emtinghausen : Bahlum Emtinghausen to the enlarged community of Thedinghausen : Ahsen-Oetzen Dibbersen Donnerstedt Egg nib Holtorf Horstedt Lunsen Thedinghausen Werder

Population development

Population numbers according to the respective area

The district was significantly reduced in size in 1925 when the city of Braunschweig left.

year	Residents	source	Timeline
1890	141,632
1900	171,813
1910	191.112
Outsourcing of the city of Braunschweig
1925	49.176
1933	48,891
1939	43,799
1950	72.182
1960	69,900
1970	93,400
1973	96,800

Population figures according to the area in 1970

year Residents Timeline 1885 32,495 1905 (1) 36,036 1925 36,927 1933 36,364 1939 42,740 1946 67,845 1950 72.174 1956 65,941 1961 72,682 1970 93,424

footnote

⁽¹⁾ 1905: There are different population data for this year.

politics

In the 28 years from 1946 to the dissolution of the Braunschweig district in 1974, eleven district administrators (including one in two different periods) and two senior district directors held office .

District administrators

Term of office from	Term of office until	Surname	comment
1851		Carl von Hohnhorst
1857		Adrian Bernhard August Orth
1886		Eduard Orth
1895		Conrad Langerfeldt
1913		Robert Boden (District Director), Blankenburg
1914		Paul Rini (District Director), Helmstedt
1923		Henri Erdmann
1931		Johannes Lieff
1931		Wilhelm Kybitz
1936		Gustav Arendts	provisional
1938	1945	Friedrich Bergmann , Blankenburg
Jan. 1946	Nov 1946	Friedrich Brandes , Wendhausen
Nov 1946	Dec 1947	Richard Keye , Rüningen
Dec 1947	Nov. 1948	Emil Karcher , Essinghausen
Dec 1948	Dec 1951	Wilhelm Fick , Wenden
Dec 1951	March 1952	Hans Heldt ( FDP ), Vechelde
June 1952	Dec 1952	Hans Heldt (FDP), Vechelde
Dec 1952	Dec 1954	Martin Elsner ( GB / BHE ), Volkmarode
Dec 1954	Nov 1956	Robert Kugelberg ( SPD ), Stöckheim
Nov 1956	Apr. 1961	Richard Lippe , Wendeburg
Apr. 1961	June 1963	Wilhelm Schlueter (SPD), Stöckheim
June 1963	Oct 1964	Martin Elsner, national marauder
Oct 1964	Nov 1972	Carl Lauenstein ( CDU ), Bodenstedt
Nov 1972	Feb 1974	Fritz Lau , Stöckheim	officiated until the district was dissolved

Upper District Directors

• October 1946 to January 1965 Helmut Meyer , Braunschweig
• February 1965 until the Walter Geffers district , Braunschweig, was dissolved

License Plate

On July 1, 1956, the district (and thus also the Thedinghausen exclave) was assigned the distinctive sign BS when the license plates that are still valid today were introduced . In the independent city of Braunschweig it is still issued today.

literature

• Edeltraut Hundertmark (arr.): The district of Braunschweig. Braunschweig administrative district . In: Die Landkreise in Niedersachsen , Volume 22, I. Official district description, II. Official district description. Appendix, Walter Dorn Verlag, Bremen-Horn 1965

Web links

• Heinrich Heidersberger : District Office. Dataset 83005634. In: Deutsche Fotothek . Saxon State Library - Dresden State and University Library , 1959, accessed on December 6, 2011 (photo of the former district building on the Eiermarkt in Braunschweig). 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Walter Geffers: Farewell to the district Braunschweig . In: Landkreis Braunschweig (Ed.): Heimatbote des Landkreis Braunschweig 1974 . Oeding, Braunschweig 1974, p. 20-26 .
2. ↑ ^{a b} illustration on www. territorial.de , accessed on April 25, 2012
3. ↑ Ordinance on territorial adjustments in the area of ​​the Hermann-Göring-Werke Salzgitter. From June 25, 1941 , Reichsgesetzblatt  I, p. 357.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 266 ff .
5. ^ The communities in the Braunschweig district . In: Landkreis Braunschweig (Hrsg.): Heimatbote des Landkreis Braunschweig 1972 . Oeding, Braunschweig 1972, p. 162–167 (information on the Thedinghausen office on p. 166, information on the Thedinghausen municipality on p. 167).
6. ^ The localities in the Braunschweig district . In: Landkreis Braunschweig (Ed.): Heimatbote des Landkreis Braunschweig 1968 . Oeding, Braunschweig 1968, p. 170-173 .
7. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. braunschweig.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
8. ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
9. ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1975
10. ↑ Gustav Uelschen: The population in Lower Saxony from 1821 to 1961 . In contradiction to this, the population of 49,602 is given for the year 1905 at www.territorial.de Landkreis Braunschweig .
11. ^ District administrators and senior district directors from 1946 . In: Landkreis Braunschweig (Ed.): Heimatbote des Landkreis Braunschweig 1974 . Oeding, Braunschweig 1974, p. 27 .