District of Leer
| coat of arms | Germany map |
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Coordinates: 53 ° 14 ' N , 7 ° 29' E |
| Basic data | |
| State : | Lower Saxony |
| Administrative headquarters : | Leer (East Frisia) |
| Area : | 1,086.01 km 2 |
| Residents: | 170,756 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 157 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | LER |
| Circle key : | 03 4 57 |
| NUTS : | DE94C |
| Circle structure: | 19 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Bergmannstrasse 37 26789 Leer (East Frisia) |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Matthias Groote ( SPD ) |
| Location of the district of Leer in Lower Saxony | |
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The district of Leer is a district in the northwest of Lower Saxony and forms the southern part of East Frisia .
geography
location
On the mainland, the district consists of the four historical landscapes Rheiderland (in the west), Overledingerland (in the southeast), Moormerland (in the north) and Lengenerland (in the northeast). In addition, the East Frisian island of Borkum belongs to the district.
The southern border corresponds to the historical border between the county of East Friesland and the Niederstift Münster . To this day it is one of the clearest Protestant-Catholic denominational boundaries in Germany.
The district is cut through by the Ems, which merges into the Dollart in the west, where the district also has a short coastal strip. But it also includes the westernmost of the East Frisian islands , Borkum and Lütje Hörn .
Neighboring areas
The district of Leer borders in a clockwise direction in the northwest with the independent city of Emden and the districts of Aurich , Wittmund , Friesland , Ammerland , Cloppenburg and Emsland . In the west it borders on the Dutch province of Groningen .
history
After the annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover by Prussia in 1867, the Leer district was formed on April 1, 1885 from the old offices of Leer and Stickhausen and the independent city of Leer. The city of Leer became the administrative seat.
During the Prussian district reform of October 1, 1932, the districts of Leer, Weener and the municipality of Borkum were merged into a new district of Leer with the district seat in Leer.
The regional reform in Lower Saxony began in the district of Leer on July 1, 1968 with the incorporation of the communities Heisfelde and Loga into the city of Leer. On July 1, 1972, the communities of Petkum and Widdelswehr left the district of Leer and were incorporated into the city of Emden .
A comprehensive reorganization of the district took place on January 1, 1973 through numerous community mergers, in which, among other things, the new communities Dollart , Moormerland , Rhauderfehn , Uplengen and Westoverledingen were formed. The communities Hatshausen , Jheringsfehn and Boekzetelerfehn from the district of Aurich also came to the community of Moormerland . The community of Stiekelkamperfehn was merged with the community of Neuefehn from the district of Aurich to form the new community of Neukamperfehn .
On March 1, 1974, Idafehn , until then part of the municipality of Strücklingen in the district of Cloppenburg , became part of the municipality of Ostrhauderfehn and thus of the district of Leer. Until 1974, Idafehn officially belonged to the Saterland and thus to the Oldenburger Münsterland . But it was settled from Ostrhauderfehn, the colloquial language is East Frisian Platt , the predominant denomination is Evangelical-Lutheran .
On November 1, 2001, the five municipalities of the combined municipality of Bunde ( Boen , Bunde , Bunderhee , Dollart and Wymeer ) merged to form the unified municipality of Bunde.
Population development
The district of Leer was enlarged in 1932 by the incorporation of the district of Weener.
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1890 | 48,955 | |
| 1900 | 52,871 | |
| 1910 | 56,645 | |
| 1925 | 61,266 | |
| 1939 | 99.258 | |
| 1950 | 132.303 | |
| 1960 | 121,200 | |
| 1970 | 135,800 | |
| 1980 | 141,600 | |
| 1990 | 145.344 | |
| 2000 | 161,425 | |
| 2010 | 164,705 |
politics
District council
The district council of the district of Leer includes 54 elected members and the district administrator . The deputies are elected by local elections for five years each. The current term of office began on November 1, 2016 and ends on October 31, 2021.
The last local election on September 11, 2016 gave the following result (with the results of the previous elections) :
| Parties and constituencies | Voices 2016 |
Seats 2016 |
Voices 2011 |
Seats 2011 |
Voices 2006 |
Seats 2006 |
Voices 2001 |
Seats 2001 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 39.7% | 21st | 39.6% | 21st | 44.2% | 24 | 47.1% | 27 |
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 32.4% | 18th | 33.1% | 18th | 35.1% | 19th | 33.6% | 19th |
| Green | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 8.7% | 5 | 13.5% | 7th | 7.3% | 4th | 6.5% | 3 |
| AfD | Alternative for Germany | 7.1% | 4th | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| AWG | General Voting Community Leer (AWG) | 4.0% | 2 | 4.6% | 3 | 5.3% | 3 | 6.9% | 3 |
| HELLO | Voting community MOIN | 2.6% | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 2.2% | 1 | 2.0% | 1 | 3.9% | 2 | 3.7% | 2 |
| left | The left | 1.9% | 1 | 2.7% | 2 | - | - | - | - |
| The Frisians | 1.3% | 1 | 1.1% | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
| BD | Voter group | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.0% | - |
| UWG | Independent voter community (UWG) | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.7% | - |
| USD | Independent Social Democrats (USD) | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.5% | - |
| BfR | Citizens for Rhauderfehn (BfR) | - | - | 2.6% | 1 | 2.4% | 1 | - | - |
| LA | Left Alternative - District of Leer (LA) | - | - | - | - | 1.6% | 1 | - | - |
| List Endrizzi | - | - | - | - | 0.2% | - | - | - | |
| Pirates | Pirate Party Germany | - | - | 0.5% | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ezb. | Individual applicants | - | - | 0.3% | - | - | - | 0.1% | - |
| total | 54 | 54 | 54 | 54 | |||||
| Turnout in percent | 55.1 | 51.6 | 54.5 | 57.4 | |||||
- In addition to the elected members of the district council, the district administrator belongs to the district council.
District Administrator
The district administrator of a district represents the district on a political level and is also head of the district administration. The district administrator of the district of Leer has been Matthias Groote (SPD) since 2016 . In the last district election on September 11, 2016, he was elected with 56.8% of the vote. His opposing candidates Lüerßen (CDU) and Tammo Lenger (Greens) received 31.7% and 11.5% of the vote, respectively. The turnout was 55.1%. Groote was elected for five years. He took up his post on November 1, 2016, replacing his predecessor Bernhard Bramlage , who was no longer a candidate.
Former district administrators
- 1885–1890: Theodor Meyer
- 1890-1894: Albert Lots
- 1894–1899: Erhard von Wedel
- 1899–1904: Clemens von Wedel-Gödens
- 1904–1909: Ferdinand Schenk zu Schweinsberg
- 1910–1930: Carl Ludwig Kleine
- 1930–1945: Hermann Conring
- 1945–1949: Hans Windels
- 1950–1951: Ernst Stendel
- 1951–1952: Wübbo van Lessen
- 1952–1956: Hermann Conring , CDU
- 1956–1963: Theus Bracht , SPD
- 1963–1964: Jürgen Thiemens
- 1964–1965: Hermann Übel
- 1965–1973: Anton Wübbena-Mecima , CDU
- 1973–1982: Alfons Pawelczyk , SPD
- 1982–1986: Harm Weber , SPD
- 1986–1997: Helmut Collmann , SPD
- 1997–2001: Andreas Schaeder, SPD (first directly elected district administrator in the district of Leer)
- 2001–2016: Bernhard Bramlage , SPD
Former senior district directors
- 1946–1947: Heinz Noll
- 1948–1955: Peter Oskar Schuster
- 1955–1978: Peter Elster
- 1979–1991: Gerhard von Haus
- 1991–1997: Andreas Schaeder
Former district administrators of the Weener district
- 1885–1888: Mathias Knaus
- 1888–1893: Lümko Iderhoff (1856–1931)
- 1893–1904: Adolf Kriege
- 1904–1909: Karl Gosling
- 1909–1926: Erich Bachmann
- 1927 : Hans von Oldershausen
- 1927 : Emil Wehriede
- 1928–1932: Benno Eide Siebs
badges and flags
Blazon : “The coat of arms of the district of Leer shows a golden (yellow) armored, red-tongued, silver (white) lion wearing a fallen, golden (yellow) crown as a collar. The upper coat of arms shows a crown of ears with six golden (yellow) ears and a golden (yellow) four-leaf clover in the middle. ”In the coat of arms of the district, the cloverleaf reflects the four historical landscapes Rheiderland, Overledingerland, Moormerland and Lengenerland. Next to the clover are ears of wheat, which symbolize the agricultural character of the area. Ears of wheat and a shamrock crown a blue heraldic shield on which a white lion with an overturned golden crown can be seen around his neck. This is the old coat of arms of Chief Focko Ukena , who ruled over the area of today's district in the 15th century. The coat of arms of the district of Leer was awarded on August 12, 1952 by the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior and approved with the 1st main statute of the district on October 22, 1958.
Description of the flag: "The district flag of the district of Leer shows the colors blue-gold (yellow) -silver (white) in three horizontal stripes of equal width and the coat of arms in the middle." The flag was last used when the main statute of the district of Leer was revised on Approved by the Weser-Ems district government on October 3, 1977 .
Economy and Transport
In the Future Atlas 2016, the district of Leer was ranked 228th out of 402 districts, municipal associations and independent cities in Germany, making it one of the regions with a “balanced risk-opportunity mix” for the future.
Street
The district of Leer offers a well-developed network of federal and country roads. In addition, the A 28 federal motorway runs through the district from Leer in the direction of Oldenburg and the A 31 from Emden in the direction of the Ruhr area. They meet at the Leer motorway junction . The short A 280 between the A 31 near Weener and the Dutch border near Neuschanz runs entirely in the Leeran district. There are also 376 kilometers of district roads in the district.
rail
The district of Leer is crossed in a north-south direction by the Emsland route Emden - Leer - Meppen - Rheine, which was opened in 1854 by the Hanover State Railways . The east-west connection Oldenburg - Weener - Neuschanz was established by the Oldenburg State Railways in 1869 to Leer and in 1876 from Ihrhove . The connection from Leer to Groningen is currently interrupted in the area of the Friesenbrücke .
On the island of Borkum, which belongs to the district, the Borkumer Kleinbahn und Dampfschiffahrt GmbH has operated several island railway lines in the narrow gauge 900 mm since 1888. The 7.5 kilometer section between the port and the city is currently being used here.
In 1900, the Leer-Aurich-Wittmund district was added as a further narrow-gauge railway . The railway network was completed in 1912 with the district's own small railway, Ihrhove – Westrhauderfehn .
The rail network with passenger traffic on the mainland thus comprised 84 small railways. Of these, only the 29 km of small railways, on whose route the Ostfriesland hiking trail runs today, were shut down:
- 1956: Aurich - Stikelkamp - Leer Klb. (18 km gauge)
- 1961: Ihrhove - Westrhauderfehn (11 km)
Today in the district of Leer, Leer and Weener, only two stations on the mainland are served by passenger traffic.
Communities
The number of inhabitants on December 31, 2019 in brackets.
Joint municipalities with their member municipalities * Seat of the joint municipality administration
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Former parishes
The following list contains all former municipalities of the district of Leer and all incorporations:
Protected areas
In addition to landscape protection areas and natural monuments, there are 19 designated nature reserves in the district (as of February 2017).
See also:
- List of nature reserves in the district of Leer
- List of landscape protection areas in the district of Leer
- List of natural monuments in the district of Leer
- List of protected landscape elements in the district of Leer
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinguishing sign LER when the license plates that are still valid today were introduced . It is still issued today.
Others
The district of Leer is responsible for several cultural institutions, such as the Evenburg and Haneburg , the Kunsthaus Leer and the former Jewish School Leer or the Stikelkamp estate .
Web links
- District website
- Literature from and about the district of Leer in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ^ District regulation for the province of Hanover (1884)
- ↑ Prussian Law Collection 1932
- ↑ Law on the integration of the communities Heisfelde and Loga into the city of Leer of June 27, 1968
- ↑ a b Law on the reorganization of the communities in the Emden - Norden - Aurich - Wittmund area of June 23, 1971
- ↑ Law on the reorganization of the communities in the Vechta / Cloppenburg area of February 11, 1974
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Leer.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1981
- ↑ a b c Lower Saxony regional database
- ↑ Result of the 2016 local elections , accessed on January 1, 2017
- ^ Result of the 2011 local elections
- ^ Result of the local elections in 2006
- ^ Result of the 2001 local elections
- ↑ Final result of district elections 2016 for the district of Leer , accessed on January 1, 2017
- ↑ District of Leer - District Administrator , accessed on January 1, 2017
- ↑ Main statutes of the district of Leer
- ↑ Flag of the district of Leer
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 .
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ Municipal directory of the district of Leer
- ↑ territorial.de: District of Leer
- ^ Community encyclopedia for the Free State of Prussia: Province of Hanover Verlag des Prussian State Statistical Office, 1930
- ^ District of Leer: Art & Culture . Retrieved October 7, 2015.
Counties : Ammerland | Aurich | Celle | Cloppenburg | Cuxhaven | Diepholz | Emsland | Friesland | Gifhorn | Goslar | Göttingen | County of Bentheim | Hameln-Pyrmont | Harburg | Heidekreis | Helmstedt | Hildesheim | Holzminden | Empty | Lüchow-Dannenberg | Lüneburg | Nienburg / Weser | Northeim | Oldenburg | Osnabrück | Osterholz | Peine | Rotenburg (Wümme) | Schaumburg | Stade | Uelzen | Vechta | Verden | Wesermarsch | Wittmund | Wolfenbüttel
Region : Hanover
Independent cities : Braunschweig | Delmenhorst | Emden | Oldenburg (Oldb) | Osnabrück | Salzgitter | Wilhelmshaven | Wolfsburg