Ditzumerhammrich
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Ditzumerhammrich
municipality Bunde
Coordinates: 53 ° 16 ′ 28 " N , 7 ° 15 ′ 41" E
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| Height : | 1 m |
| Area : | 3.35 km² |
| Residents : | 628 (1970) |
| Population density : | 187 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1973 |
| Incorporated into: | Dollard |
| Postal code : | 26831 |
| Area code : | 04959 |
 Location of Ditzumerhammrich in the Rheiderland
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The dike row settlement Ditzumerhammrich belongs to the Dollart district in the municipality of Bunde in the East Frisian Rheiderland .
geography
A dike road runs through the elongated area of Ditzumerhammrich in north-south orientation, today's L 16. The place borders in the south on Ditzumerverlaat and in the north on the municipality Jemgum in the direction of Ditzum . The settlement lies on both sides of the old dike from the 16th century, which was built after the great incursion in 1509, with which the Dollart reached its greatest extent. The dike protected Hatzumerfehn from flooding and today reaches a height of up to two meters above sea level.
In the west of Ditzumerhammrich borders the Heinitzpolder, which was created in the late 18th century through land reclamation . And situated in the east marshland is 0.80 meters below sea level, that has over the aufgeschlickten polder land on the other side of the dyke a considerable difference in height on. The Ditzumer Sieltief runs there and serves as a drainage canal for the low-lying land.
The Wynhamster Kolk is located in a low moor that has been drained since 1804 , an area of 72 hectares that was probably created around 1715 by various storm surges and the associated dike breaches. In the immediate vicinity of the Kolk there is an area which, at 2.50 m below sea level, is one of the deepest places in Germany .
history
The first mention of the place name as Ditzumer hammerke is attested in 1469 . Ditzumer hammrich therefore means 'Ditzumer Marschland'. The land gained in modern times was leased and sold since 1818.
In the High Middle Ages before the great dollar slump in the 15th century, Ditzumerhammrich was possibly a separate parish of Ditzumerwold . Presumably it is the place Dertsamewolt mentioned in a parish register of the diocese of Münster in 1475 , which is threatened by water and whose pastoral position is described as vacant. According to its name, it was a moor settlement that, like comparable settlements. Was built in the 10th or 11th century and maybe got its own church in the 13th or 14th century. After the parish was abolished, the place belonged to Ditzum from now on, together with Ditzumerverlaat. The castle of the noble Wynham family, now the Waterborg at the Klosterlohne in Ditzumerverlaat, was also located here until around 1475 .
Parts of the drowned area were re-diked in the 16th century.
During the French rule, Ditzumerhammrich belonged to the Dutch department of Ems-Occidental from 1807 . In 1815 the area was added to the Kingdom of Hanover and came with it to Prussia in 1866. Ditzumerhammrich and Ditzumerverlaat were part of the political "municipality Ditzum" until 1852. From 1885 to 1932 it belonged to the Weener district in the Prussian province of Hanover , then to the Leer district .
Until the 20th century, the dyke settlements were mainly inhabited by agricultural workers, fishermen, farmers and craftsmen who were in the shadow of Ditzumerverlaat and who did not make any significant fortunes. In the 19th century, 30 residents emigrated to the USA. The post-war situation led to looting in April 1919. In 1935, 40 families received support from the winter relief organization.
The wind watermill, an earth dutchman from 1804 at the Wynhamster Kolk, which was in service with an Archimedean screw until 1957, is preserved. Today electric pumps take over the drainage in the higher lying sluice.
In 1966 the school in Ditzumerhammrich was transferred to the Bunderhammrich elementary school and the upper school in Ditzumerverlaat. In the course of the central school in Bunde, which opened in 1969, there has only been one elementary school in Ditzumerverlaat, which is responsible for the entire district of Dollart.
In 1966 the joint municipality of Dollart, named after the nearby bay , was founded, which consisted of the villages of Ditzumerhammrich, Ditzumerverlaat, Bunderhammrich, Heinitzpolder and Kanalpolder , but in 1973 it lost its independence and was incorporated into the joint municipality of Bunde. Ditzumerhammrich was incorporated into the new Dollart community on January 1, 1973. Since November 1, 2001, the place has belonged to the Bunde community.
Ditzumerhammrich has the following inconspicuous population development:
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literature
- East Frisian landscape (ed.): Kulturwege R (h) eiderland. Cultural and historical walks in East Friesland and Groningen . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 2011, ISBN 978-3-940601-10-0 , p. 64 .
- Johann Schulte: Verlaat - (not) a chronicle of the former Dollart community . Festschrift for the 250th anniversary of Ditzumer-Verlaat. Artline, * Harm Wiemann u. a .: From bygone days: Chronicle of the Bunde Samtgemeinde . Ed .: Samtgemeinde Bunde. Self-published, Bunde 1983.
Web links
- Homepage of the municipality of Bunde
- Local chronicles of the East Frisian landscape : Ditzumerhammrich (PDF file; 635 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ostfriesische Landschaft (Ed.): Kulturwege R (h) eiderland. Cultural and historical walks in East Friesland and Groningen . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 2011, ISBN 978-3-940601-10-0 , p. 62 .
- ↑ a b c d e local chronicles of the East Frisian landscape: Ditzumerhammrich (PDF file; 635 kB), viewed February 15, 2012.
- ↑ Municipality of Bunde: Mühlen ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , seen February 15, 2012.
- ↑ Ostfriesische Landschaft (Ed.): Kulturwege R (h) eiderland. Cultural and historical walks in East Friesland and Groningen . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 2011, ISBN 978-3-940601-10-0 , p. 64 .
- ↑ Wiemann: From days gone by. 1983, p. 188.
- ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 263 .
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2001
