Department Ems-Occidental
The Département de l'Ems-Occidental ( German department of the Western Ems ; Dutch Departement van de Wester Eems ) was a 1811 to 1813 the French state belonging department . It was named after the river Ems .
history
Before 1790 the area of the department belonged to the historical province of Groningen and the Drenthe countryside of the Republic of the United Netherlands . In connection with the Revolution in France (1789) and the First Revolutionary War (1792–1797), the Batavian Republic was established in the northern Netherlands in 1795 . In 1806 this became part of the Kingdom of Holland , which was ruled by Napoleon's brother Louis Bonaparte . After Louis abdicated in July 1810 , the territory was incorporated into the French Empire .
On January 1, 1811, the previous Dutch departments were reorganized and brought into line with the French administrative structure. The administrative area of the department of the western Ems was a combination of the previous Dutch departments of Groningen and Drenthe .
Temporarily, from January 1 to April 27, 1811, the arrondissement of Neuenhaus was also part of the department of the western Ems , then it changed to the new department of the Lippe , which belonged to the Hanseatic departments .
According to the French administrative structure, the department was subdivided into arrondissements , cantons and communes. The cantons were also district courts of justice .
After Napoleon's defeat in the Battle of Leipzig (October 1813), the country came into the possession of William of Orange-Nassau in December 1813 . Based on the agreements made at the Congress of Vienna (June 1815), the area was assigned to the new Kingdom of the Netherlands . In August 1815 this was divided into provinces, the present-day provinces of Groningen and Drenthe emerged from the department of the western Ems . The canton of Jemgum and a large part of the canton of Weener came to the Kingdom of Hanover and are now part of Lower Saxony .
structure
The main town ( chef-lieu ) of the department or seat of the prefecture was the city of Groningen . It was divided into four arrondissements and 17 cantons :
From January 1, 1811 to April 27, 1811, the arrondissement of Neuenhaus was part of it.
| Arrondissement | Main towns in the cantons, seat of the courts of justice |
|---|---|
| Groningen ( Groningen ) | Groningen (two cantons), Hoogezand , Leek , Zuidhorn |
| Appingedam | Appingedam , Loppersum , Middelstum , Winsum |
| Aces | Assen , Dalen , Hoogeveen , Meppel |
| Winschoten | Jemgum , Wedde , Weener , Winschoten |
| From January to April 1811: | |
| Neuenhaus | Emlichheim , Heede , Neuenhaus , Nordhorn , Wesuwe . |
In 1812 the department had a total of 191,100 inhabitants.
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Albrecht Friedrich Ludolph Lasius : The French Kayser State under the government of the Kayser Napoleon the Great in 1812 . A Geographical-Historical Manual, First Department, Osnabrück: Johann Gottfried Kißling, 1813, p. 160 ( Google Books )
- ^ Friedrich Justin Bertuch : General geographical ephemeris , Volume 33, Leipzig: Verlag des Landes-Industrie-Comptoirs, 1810, p. 205 ( Google Books )
- ^ A b c Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Germany for a Hundred Years , Second Department, Third Volume, Leipzig: Voigt & Günther, 1862, p. 30 ( Google Books )
- ↑ a b Almanach Impérial 1812 , Paris, p. 397 ( Bibliothèque nationale de France )
Bouches-de-l'Escaut (mouth of the Scheldt) | Bouches-de-l'Yssel (IJssel estuaries) | Bouches-de-la-Meuse ( Meuse Estuaries) | Bouches-du-Rhin (mouths of the Rhine) | Ems-Occidental (West-Ems) | Ems-Oriental (East-Ems) | Frize (Friesland) | Yssel-Supérieur (Ober-IJssel) | Zuyderzée (Zuiderzee)