Spols

Spols Uplengen municipality Coordinates: 53 ° 19 ′ 49 ″  N , 7 ° 47 ′ 22 ″  E
Height :	9 m above sea level NN
Incorporation :	1st January 1973
Postal code :	26670
Area code :	04956

Spols is a place in the municipality of Uplengen in the district of Leer in East Frisia . The 4.64 square kilometer clustered settlement consists of a few farmsteads. It is located about 3.5 kilometers northeast of Remels. Mayor is Olaf Eilers ( CDU ). The place arose on Ice Age Pseudogley Podsol soils. Originally it bordered on the East Frisian Central Moor in the east and on Niedermoor in the south, both of which are now cultivated.

history

The oldest trace of the presence of people in the area of ​​today's village is a stone ax that was discovered in 1953 while harrowing in a field on the western slope above the lowland of the Spolster receiving water. It is dated to the late Stone Age. However, the origin of the so-called Bült , a seven-linden hill in the center of the village, remains unclear . Excavations have not taken place there to date. It could be a prehistoric burial mound, part of a castle, an artificial elevation ( terp ) to protect against flooding, or a brink .

Spols is mentioned for the first time in the Beest description of the Stickhausen office of the Lengener Vogtei from 1598. But Spols seems to be significantly older. According to the information, at that time there were already twelve farms with a herd of 17 horses, 26 oxen, 45 cows and 35 calves. In the Middle Ages the village belonged to the historical Lengenerland landscape , from 1535 to the Lengener Vogtei in the Stickhausen office, between 1852 and 1859 to the “Remels zu Stickhausen office”, then again to the Stickhausen office and from 1885 to the Leer district .

On April 2, 1913, the villages of Poghausen and Spols received a school building with an attached teacher's apartment. The school was about halfway between Poghausen and Spols. The school had an attached teacher's apartment and was set up for around 70 students. From 1916 , Hermann Tempel , who came from Ditzum and later became a member of the Reichstag for the SPD, worked as a temporary teacher in Poghausen. The school initially belonged to a school association consisting of the teaching facilities in Remels, Jübberde, Selverde and Klein-Remels as well as Poghausen / Spols. A school association of its own was only set up in 1927. The school operation lasted until 1967: In that year a center school for the northern Uplengen municipality was established in Stapel .

During the Weimar Republic , the residents of Spols and Poghausen, who were combined to form an electoral district, initially voted liberally with a large majority, but from 1924 onwards just as clearly right-wing to right-wing extremist parties. While the DDP received 65 percent in the election to the German National Assembly in 1919 and left the other parties well behind ( DNVP : 18.5 percent, DVP 10.7 percent and SPD 5.8 percent), the picture in the Reichstag election was the same Fundamentally changed in December 1924 : The DNVP won with 83.6 percent. In the 1930 Reichstag election , the NSDAP received the most votes with 39 percent, ahead of the DNVP with 37.3 percent. The third strongest force was the Protestant-conservative Christian Social People's Service with 13.6 percent . The elections in July 1932 finally produced 91.6 percent of the votes for the NSDAP, all other votes went to the DNVP, so that a total of 100 percent of the population voted for a national conservative or fascist party.

Together with the neighboring town of Poghausen, the Spolser founded a volunteer fire brigade in 1937 . She was housed in Poghausen. During the Second World War, forced laborers from Poland and Ukraine were used in the farms in Spols. There were also prisoners of war who were housed in a camp in Poghausen. They too had to do work on the farms, as well as drainage work. Canadian and Polish troops conquered the area in early May 1945. On their retreat, Wehrmacht soldiers blew up the Spolser Bridge, otherwise the village was not damaged.

In contrast to the rest of East Friesland, the CDU in the Leer district was organized very early after World War II and achieved the best results there within the region, while East Friesland as a whole is a classic SPD stronghold. The Christian Democrats in Spols won the Bundestag election in 1949 with an absolute majority and did not give them up in the subsequent elections. The record result was achieved in the 1965 federal election with 90.3 percent. Even in the "Willy Brandt election" in 1972 , which brought the SPD a record result in East Friesland and penetrated some of the previous CDU bastions, the area remained a support for the CDU. Only in the 1998 federal election, in which Gerhard Schröder stood for the SPD, the Social Democrats in Spols were ahead with 41.2 percent. In the 2005 Bundestag election, the CDU again won with 62.3 percent, clearly ahead of the SPD (26 percent).

On January 1, 1973, Spols was incorporated into the new municipality of Uplengen.

The place grew considerably, mainly due to the reception of displaced persons from the former eastern areas of the German Empire. In 1946 they made up 60 of the total of 230 inhabitants. This corresponded to a share of 26.1 percent. The proportion fell to 22.4 percent by 1950 (52 of 232 inhabitants). Among the refugees was the later athlete and Olympic medalist Manfred Kinder , whose family had fled Königsberg .

year population 1821 58 1848 84 1871 85 1885 78 1905 113 1925 149

year population 1933 177 1939 171 1946 230 1950 232 1961 173 1970 178

Development of the place name

In the description of the Beest the place Spolß is mentioned, in the Ostfriesland map of Ubbo Emmius from the years 1595/99 it is recorded under the name Spolse and in the map of David Fabricius from 1613 as Spoltze . "The designation was possibly based on spatial and landscape names in West Friesland and Groningen and refers to the East Frisian Low German noun spalte, spalt with the meaning of spaltiger peat in contrast to dense, black and hard peat." A combination of the personal name Spole and Heim ( spolingi) is considered unlikely.

religion

Ecclesiastically, the place is largely the Evangelical Lutheran. Assigned to the community of Uplengen in Remels, some households belong to the Friedenskirche in Ockenhausen . Some of the residents are members of the Evangelical Free Church Community of Remels (Baptists).

Attractions

Two Gulf houses in Brinkstrasse are listed as architectural monuments. The seven linden trees, which are arranged in a ring on the so-called Bült in the center of the village, form a natural monument .

Personalities

The track and field athlete and multiple Olympic medalist, Manfred Kinder , grew up in the village. His family originally comes from Königsberg , where children were born, but fled to East Frisia at the end of the Second World War and settled in Spols.

literature

• Garrelt Garrelts: Kaspel Uplengen , self-published, Bremen 2009, without ISBN.

credentials

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Linda Hinrichs (local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape): Spols, municipality of Uplengen, district of Leer (PDF; 250 kB), accessed on December 15, 2012.
2. ↑ Uplengen.de: Committees  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed December 17, 2012.  
3. ↑ Christian Meyer: "Historical family book of the parishes Firrel, Hollen, Ockenhausen and Uplengen (Remels)"
4. ↑ Linda Hinrichs (Ortschronisten der Ostfriesischen Landschaft): Poghausen , PDF file, p. 2, accessed on February 26, 2013.
5. ↑ Linda Hinrichs (local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape): Poghausen , PDF file, p. 1/2, accessed on February 26, 2013.
6. ^ Theodor Schmidt: Analysis of the statistics and relevant sources on the federal elections in East Friesland 1949-1972 . Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1978, p. 54, for the following statistical information on the Bundestag elections up to 1972 see the cartographic appendix there.
7. ↑ Klaus von Beyme : The political system of the Federal Republic of Germany: An introduction , VS Verlag, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-531-33426-3 , p. 100, limited preview in the Google book search, accessed on February 19, 2013.
8. ↑ Linda Hinrichs (local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape): Spols , PDF file, p. 3/4.
9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 262 and 263 .
10. ↑ Linda Hinrichs (Ortschronisten der Ostfriesischen Landschaft): Spols , PDF file, p. 2, accessed on February 23, 2013.