Großoldendorf

Großoldendorf Uplengen municipality Coordinates: 53 ° 19 ′ 32 "  N , 7 ° 43 ′ 53"  E
Height :	8.4 m above sea level NN
Area :	9.2 km²
Residents :	687
Population density :	75 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	1st January 1973
Postal code :	26670
Area code :	04956

Großoldendorf is a district in the municipality of Uplengen in the district of Leer in East Frisia . The scattered settlement is about two and a half kilometers northwest of Remels. 687 people live in the village, spread over 281 households. Mayor is Eberhard Wilken ( SPD ).

geography

Position and extent

Großoldendorf is located in the municipality of Uplengen in the East Frisian district of Leer . The place is located about 2.5 kilometers northwest of the Uplengen main town Remels on the road from the aforementioned main town to Strackholt (community Großefehn , district Aurich ). With an area of 921 hectares , Großoldendorf is the second largest district in terms of area.

geology

Profile of a Plaggenesches: 40–50 cm overlay on fossil podzol

The place is about 8.4 meters above sea ​​level on soils of Pseudogley and Podsol . In the district there are also areas from Plaggenesch to pseudo- brown earth in the west and north-east . Niedermoor can also be found in the south and east of the district.

Protected areas

In the Holle Sand forest area there is the highest point on the East Frisian mainland at around 18.5 meters above sea level, a shifting dune. The area is 126.3 hectares and has been under protection since 1951. It is the largest contiguous inland dune area in East Frisia. Because of the poor quality of the soil, the forest consists mainly of pine forest , partly birch-oak forest .

history

Großoldendorf is first mentioned in 1599 as Grote Oldendorp and in 1634 as Großoldendorff . The name denotes the great old village .

Around 1900 a new colony emerged east of the Holle Sand forest area, which was popularly known as Blitzenfehn. From 1913 to 1920, however, people officially spoke of the Großoldendorferfeld. The forest area itself was included in the settlement, and a few houses were built on the forest beach. The colonists created their own network of roads to keep in touch with the mother village.

The village was connected to the power grid in 1924 after Jan Dieken Frieling founded a purchasing, sales and electricity cooperative for Groß- and Kleinoldendorf on January 9, 1924. A transformer house was built in Großoldendorf, but many residents were initially skeptical about the technical innovation: the electricity consumption was low.

During the Weimar Republic , the residents of Groß- and Kleinoldendorf , which were combined to form an electoral district, elected for the most part or a majority of right-wing parties. In contrast to most of East Frisia, this already happened in the election for the German National Assembly in 1919. The DNVP received 33 percent of the votes, followed by the DDP (30.5 percent), the SPD with 23 and the DVP with 14 percent. In the Reichstag election in December 1924 , the DNVP already won with 84 percent of the votes cast. It was followed by the DVP with nine, the DDP and the NSDAP with 2.5 each and the SPD in fifth place with two percent of the vote. The National Socialists recorded further gains in the following years (1930: 32.7 percent) and finally received 90.1 percent of the vote in the elections in July 1932 . The DNVP received a further 7.6 percent, so that a total of 97.7 percent of the population voted for a national conservative or fascist party. The Social Democrats got 1.3 percent of the vote in this election.

During the Second World War, prisoners of war and forced laborers came to Großoldendorf to replace the men who were missing in agriculture and who had been drafted into the Wehrmacht . Polish forced laborers came to Großoldendorf after the attack on Poland ended , and on April 10, 1941, French prisoners of war appeared in the village for the first time. 39 Großoldendorfer men lost their lives in the war. Polish and Canadian troops reached the place on May 1, 1945, several houses caught fire during fighting.

Like the entire community of Uplengen, Großoldendorf has been a supporter of the CDU in the otherwise rather social democratic East Frisia since the Federal Republic was founded. In the 1949 federal election, the Christian Democrats in Großoldendorf obtained a relative majority of the votes, the share was between 30 and 40 percent. The Christian Democrats also won a relative majority in the 1953 Bundestag election, as did the 1969 election. With this result, however, the CDU in Großoldendorf lagged behind all the other districts of Uplengen, because there it won an absolute majority. In the "Willy Brandt election" in 1972 , which brought the SPD a record result in East Friesland and penetrated some of the previous CDU bastions, it was again Großoldendorf that "swerved" from the ranks of the other Uplengen districts: the Christian Democrats brought in all districts the relative or absolute majority, only in Großoldendorf the Social Democrats (with an absolute majority) won.

After the Second World War, rural road and path construction was gradually promoted. In 1952 the connection to Neudorf was established , in 1960 the direct connection to Remels. In the same year the road to Neudorf was further expanded.

On January 1, 1973, Großoldendorf was incorporated into the new municipality of Uplengen.

A village renewal was planned in the years 1995 to 1998 in Groß- and Kleinoldendorf and implemented from 1998 to 2006.

Population development

189 inhabitants are documented for the year 1821. The number initially rose to 257 in 1848. In the following decades, however, this number stagnated. As in many villages in East Frisia, the emigration to America was noticeable here: In 1871 there were 232 inhabitants, in 1885 and 1905 only 225 each. Only after the First World War did the number increase significantly again, in 1925 the authorities registered 437 and finally 485 in 1939 Residents. After the Second World War , displaced persons settled from the eastern regions of the Reich, so that the population jumped to 611 (1946). The displaced made up 115 residents. This corresponded to a share of 19 percent. The proportion rose slightly to 19.7 percent by 1950 (127 of 646 inhabitants). In the following decades a slight increase was noticeable, in 1970 there were 760 inhabitants.

year population 1821 189 1848 257 1871 232 1885 225 1905 225 1925 437

year population 1933 515 1939 485 1946 604 1950 646 1961 691 1970 768

Buildings

Gallery Dutch

A well-preserved gallery Dutch windmill from 1887 is well worth seeing. The mill was powered by wind power until 1962, then by motor power. In 1977 the grinding operation was stopped.

See also : List of windmills in East Frisia

literature

Garrelt Garrelts / Friedchen Eihusen: Großoldendorf , in: Garrelt Garrelts: Kaspel Uplengen , Selbstverlag, Bremen 2009, pp. 366–378.

Web links

Ortschronisten der Ostfriesischen Landschaft : Großoldendorf, municipality Uplengen, administrative district Leer (article is still in progress; PDF; 32 kB)

credentials

1. ↑ Uplengen.de: Committees  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed December 17, 2012.  
2. ↑ Garrelts / Eihusen: Großoldendorf , in: Garrelt Garrelts: Kaspel Uplengen , p. 367.
3. ^ Ortschronisten der Ostfriesischen Landschaft : Großoldendorf, municipality Uplengen, administrative district Leer (PDF; 32 kB), accessed on December 17, 2012.
4. ↑ Garrelts / Eihusen: Großoldendorf , in: Garrelt Garrelts: Kaspel Uplengen , p. 372 (see literature).
5. ↑ Garrelts / Eihusen: Großoldendorf , in: Garrelt Garrelts: Kaspel Uplengen , p. 375.
6. ↑ Garrelts / Eihusen: Großoldendorf , in: Garrelt Garrelts: Kaspel Uplengen , p. 374 f.
7. ↑ Klaus von Beyme : The political system of the Federal Republic of Germany: An introduction , VS Verlag, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-531-33426-3 , p. 100, limited preview in the Google book search, accessed on February 16, 2013.
8. ^ Theodor Schmidt: Analysis of the statistics and relevant sources on the federal elections in East Friesland 1949-1972 . Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1978, p. 54, for the statistical information on the Bundestag elections up to 1972 see the cartographic appendix there.
9. ↑ Garrelts / Eihusen: Großoldendorf , in: Garrelt Garrelts: Kaspel Uplengen , p. 370.
10. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 262 and 263 .
11. ^ Ortschronisten der Ostfriesische Landschaft: Großoldendorf , PDF file, p. 1, accessed on February 23, 2013.