List of windmills in East Frisia

Notes on using the table

The list below is sortable. The presetting is based on the name of the place where the mill is located. It can also be sorted by the name of the mill (alphabetically), the name of the city or municipality (alphabetically) and the date the building was built (chronologically). Special features of the building history, historical events and other comments are listed under Comments.

The coats of arms of the communities of Großefehn , Jemgum and Holtriem (from left to right) illustrate the large number and importance of windmills in East Frisia

The list of windmills in East Friesland gives an overview of windmills of different conservation status in East Friesland . A mill was first mentioned in a document in 1424 in Esens. The oldest surviving structure, however, is the post mill in Dornum from 1626. With around 174 mills, the population in East Friesland reached its highest level around 1900, of which around half are still preserved today.

In contrast to the language used by the organizers of the Lower Saxony Mühlenstrasse , the term " East Frisia " refers to the area of ​​the former administrative district of Aurich . In contrast, the districts of Ammerland , Friesland and Wesermarsch also belong to the "Region of East Frisia" on the Lower Saxony Mill Road .

The most famous examples of East Frisian windmills include the Greetsieler twin mills and the Hager mill , which at 30.2  m is Germany's highest windmill. The Aurich Stiftsmühle is the highest still functioning mill with five floors and the second highest mill in East Frisia. Another special feature is the only island windmill in Lower Saxony on Norderney and the double-piston water pump mill in Werdenum , which is the only known functional structure of this type in Germany.

Today only a few buildings serve their original purpose of grinding the grain or for drainage. For example, the flood mills invented in the Netherlands in the 16th century were used in East Frisia to drain wetlands, but in this function they were replaced by modern pumping stations in the 20th century. Among the grain grinding mills, the Steenblock mill in Spetzerfehn is the only one that is still operated commercially with wind power today.

Windmills

Contents A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

place	City / municipality	Mill	Type	Built	Remarks	image
Altfunnixsiel	Wittmund	Altfunnixsieler Mühle map	Earth Dutchman	1802	Today used as a holiday home
Aurich	Aurich	Stiftsmühle card	Gallery Dutch	1858	With a total height of 29.95  m , after the windmill in Hage, it is the second highest mill in East Frisia. Home to a mill museum.
Aurich	Aurich	Outdoor mill card	Gallery Dutch	1884	Mill technology is available and functional, but is now driven by a motor. The wings are dismantled.
Backemoor	Rhauderfehn	Backemoorer Mill Map	Gallery Dutch	1798	Several times partially or completely destroyed and rebuilt.
Bagband	Großefehn	Bagbander mill card	Gallery Dutch	1812	The mill is still fully functional. You can stay overnight in the building.
Bedekaspel	South Brookmerland	Wasserschöpfmühle Agnes card	Erdholländer , Fluttermühle	1920	Rebuilt in 1986. Today it is used to irrigate a biotope.
Berdum	Wittmund	Krullsche Mill Card	Earth Dutchman	1782 (1820?)	The mill was shut down in 1972. From 1989 the mill association worked on restarting the mill, which then took over the mill in 1991.
Berumerfehn	Großheide	Red mill card	Gallery Dutch	1937	This mill was originally in Carolinensiel and was moved to its current location in 1937. The plant has been operated by a mill association since 1983.
Bundles	Bundles	Bunder Mühle ( Huisinger Mühle ) map	Gallery Dutch	1869	The mill burned down in May 1911 and was rebuilt as a four-story gallery dutch. In 1960 it was switched from wind to motor operation, restored between 1997 and 1999.
Bundles	Bundles	Königsmühle (Bunde) card			Preserved as a mill stump.
Bunderhee	Bundles	Huisingasche mill card	Gallery Dutch	1859	Preserved as a mill stump.
Burlage	Rhauderfehn	Mill Burlage card	Wall Dutch	1824	The mill was in operation until 1978. The wings are still there, but the grinder has been dismantled. The complex houses a natural history museum.
Buttforde	Wittmund	Buttford Mill Map	Gallery Dutch	1815	Operated with wind power until 1955.
Carolinensiel	Wittmund	Deichmühle map	Gallery Dutch	1742	The two-story mill was built on a dike, hence the name, and from an early stage it also served as a landmark. The mill is now used as a holiday home.
Charlottenpolder	Bundles	Wasserschöpfmühle Charlottenpolder map			Preserved as a mill stump.
Hallway	Weener	Windmill Neu-Diele Card			Preserved as a mill stump.
Ditzum	Jemgum	Ditzumer Mühle map	Gallery Dutch	1883	Burned down in 1943 and rebuilt as a motor mill, burned out during combat operations in 1945, in operation until 1986
Ditzumerverlaat	Bundles	Mill Nanowa Map		1804	Preserved as a mill stump, converted into a holiday apartment.
Ditzumerverlaat	Bundles	Watermill Wynhamsterkolk map	Earth Dutchman	1804	Built as a drainage mill, privately owned since 1890, wind power drainage was ended in the late 1950s
Dornum	Dornum	Post mill Dornum card	Post mill	1626	The last remaining post mill in East Frisia. The oldest mill in the East Frisia region.
Emden	Emden	De Roede Molen map	Gallery Dutch	1572 (1823)	The Rote Mühle was built in 1573 on the "Valdern Wall" (later Rote Mühlen Zwinger ). between 1795 and 1810 it was rebuilt as a gallery Dutch. It burned down on August 16, 1916 and was not rebuilt despite several attempts. The building now houses a kindergarten. See also : Emder mills
Emden	Emden	De Vrouw Johanna card	Gallery Dutch	1804	Decommissioned in 1956 and restored by the Emden Mill Association from 1996 to 2000. The mill is fully functional and one of the few that can still grind using the impellers.
Emden	Emden	Wheat mill card	Gallery Dutch	1810	In 1952 the wings were dismantled and the mill was converted to motor power
Emden	Emden	Mühle Zeldenüst card	Gallery Dutch	1807	built as a sawmill, but was then converted into a grain mill. The wings were removed in 1952.
Esens	Esens	Peldemühle Esen's card	Peldemühle	1850	In August 1945, one pair of blades broke off, the other was then also dismantled and the mill switched to motor power. Operations ceased in 1952. In 1986 the mill was bought by the town of Esens and converted into a local museum.
Field	Großefehn	Fields mill card	Peldemühle	1866	Decommissioned in 1969. Thoroughly renovated in 1978 and 1996.
Fulcum	Esens	Johanni-Mühle card	Gallery Dutch	1865 (1869?)	The mill was renovated as early as 1909. In 1929 the plant got an electric motor, when operations were stopped in 1954 there were already five motors. On August 21, 2000, the mill burned down to the ground due to a technical defect.
Greetsiel	Krummhörn	Greetsieler Zwillingsmühlen map (mill east) map (mill west)	Gallery Dutch	1706 1856	Landmark of Greetsiel.
Großoldendorf	Uplengen	Windmühle Großoldendorf map	Gallery Dutch	1887	The mill was operated with wind until 1962 and then switched to motor power. In 1977 the operation was stopped.
Hage	Hage	Hager Mill Card	Gallery Dutch	1872/73	After a fire in 1880, one floor was added. At 30.2  m tallest windmill in Germany
Haxtum	Aurich	Haxtumer Mühle map	Gallery Dutch	1885	The mill technology is available and functional, with only the hammer mill still in operation.
Back	Back	Mill rear card	Gallery Dutch	1869	The complex was originally demolished in 1958 except for the masonry. The mill has been rebuilt since 1993, In 1995 the facility was given a gallery again.
Holtland	Holtland	Holtlander Mill map	Gallery Dutch	1864	The facility was privately owned until 1992. In 1992 the family donated the functional system to the community.
Clumps	Friedeburg	Mill Erks Card	Gallery Dutch	1839	The system has been rebuilt several times over the years and has been fully functional again since 1988.
Idafehn	Ostrhauderfehn	Berta Mill card	Gallery Dutch	1891	The mill was damaged by acts of war on April 25, 1945. On November 13, 1972, it burned down during a hurricane. The mill stump was bought and restored by the municipality in 1999. The annex, the so-called packing house , is used for meetings and exhibitions.
Ihlowerfehn	Ihlow	Berta Mill map	Gallery Dutch	1870	The previous building was a Roßmühle from the landscape polder in 1794. The current mill was built in 1870. Since the 1980s, the mill has been restored by the municipality.
Jemgum	Jemgum	Peldemühle Jemgum map	Gallery Dutch	1756	Built as a flour mill and is still completely preserved
Jemgum	Jemgum	Jemgum rye mill map	Gallery Dutch	1777	Destroyed after several renovations in 1945. The mill stump has been used as a residential building since 1972.
Larrelt	Emden	Larrelter Mill ( Kost Winning ) map	Gallery Dutch	1732	Wind milling was used until 1948, but the mill had to be stopped in 1974. In 1992 the mill was fully restored. The mill is still operated regularly on certain days, is fully functional and has been preserved. The mill can be rented for festivities.
Leezdorf	Leezdorf	Bartlingsche Mühle card	Gallery Dutch	1896	The current system was built here as the successor to a coker windmill. The system also has a codend and sail wing. The grinding process can be demonstrated with wind power, a diesel engine or an electric motor.
Logabirum	Empty	Mill Eiklenborg map	Gallery Dutch	1895	built as a sawmill, in 1935 it was replaced by a compass rose, and in 1938 it was switched to motorized operation. The mill is out of order but still fully functional
Marienhafe	Marienhafe	Friesenborg Mill Map	Gallery Dutch	1776	A third floor was added in 1821.
Mitling Mark	Westoverledingen	Mitling marker mill card	Gallery Dutch	1843	Originally there was a post mill here from time immemorial. The current facility was built in 1843. A diesel engine was installed in 1928 and an electric motor in 1945. In 1984 the community bought the facility. The mill has been open to the public again since 1990.
Münkeboe	South Brookmerland	Mühle Münkeboe ( Fleetjers Mill ) map	Gallery Dutch	1854	Refurbished between 1980 and 1987.
Neermoor	Moormerland	Mill Neermoor map	Gallery Dutch	1884	The wing and cap were removed in 1964, and the mill was shut down in 1989. Comprehensive renovation since 2000.
Nenndorf	Nenndorf	Nenndorfer Windmühle map	Gallery Dutch	1850	The original mill was badly damaged in a storm in 1872 and added one story during the reconstruction. It was family-owned until 1991 when the community took over the facility.
Nesse	Dornum	Nessmer mill card	Gallery Dutch	1856/57	The facility operated until 1960 and was scheduled to be demolished in 1965. For unknown reasons, the demolition never took place. The interior was dismantled.
north	north	Deichmühle map	Gallery Dutch	1900	At 28.5  m, it is the third highest mill in East Frisia. The first mill at this point was a post mill from 1588. The mill is privately owned, fully functional and is used as a museum.
north	north	Gnurre-Mill Frisia Card	Gallery Dutch	1864	A mill was built here as early as 1700. This and subsequent ones fell victim to fires. In 1930 the complex was demolished except for the octagon. In 1986 the mill association began to rebuild.
north	north	Westgaster Mill Map	Gallery Dutch	1863	The mill was operated with wind until 1975, but then switched to motor power. The operation was stopped in 1985 and is leased to the mill association. The system is fully functional and is still used occasionally.
Norderney	Norderney	Inselmühle Norderney map	Gallery Dutch	1862	The only island windmill in Lower Saxony. Station on the Lower Saxony Mühlenstrasse . Burned down in 1951, restaurant business since 1971.
Nüttermoor	Leer (East Frisia)	Klostermühle (Thedinga) map	Gallery Dutch	1881	The windmill burned down in 1947. The mill stump has been preserved as a residential building.
Ostgroßefehn	Großefehn	Mill Ostgroßefehn map	Gallery Dutch	1804	The plant has three grinders that were mainly built to process buckwheat. Around 1900 a system for generating electricity was installed on a trial basis. The operation of the mill was stopped in 1968, but it is still fully functional.
Pewsum	Krummhörn	Pewsum windmill (formerly Eicklenborgsche Mühle ) map	Gallery Dutch	1854	Refurbished between 1980 and 1987.
Remels	Uplengen	Windmill Remels card	Gallery Dutch	1803	The grain for the plant was brought in on the Nordgeorgsfehnkanal. Until it was shut down in 1962, the plant was operated with wind. It has been owned by the municipality since 1963 and is preserved as a technical monument.
Rhaude	Rhauderfehn	Rhauder Mühle card	Gallery Dutch	1852	Dismantled in 1958. Rebuilt between 1991 and 1998.
Rhauderfehn	Rhauderfehn	Mill Hahnentange card	Gallery Dutch	1865	The original mill burned down in 1885 and was then rebuilt on two floors. Operations ceased in 1968. The community of Rhauderfehn has owned the facility since 1992. It is now restored and fully functional-
Rechtsupweg	Brookmerland Municipality	Rechtsupweger Mühle map	Gallery Dutch	1926	Wind operation stopped in 1960. Then the cap and wing were removed. The mill continued to operate with an electric motor until 1974. The mill stump is in a garden and can hardly be seen behind the adjoining hedges. It is whitewashed and is likely used as a storage room by private individuals. As of June 29, 2013
Riepe	Ihlow	Fluttermühle Riepe card	Flutter mill	1986	The mill is portable. As a drainage mill, it has the task of using an Archimedean screw to move water from lower ditches to higher ones.
Riepe Leegmoor	Ihlow	Kokermühle Riepe card	Coke mill	18th century	In 1984 the water mill was completely restored and has been fully functional again since then.
Riepe	Ihlow	Mill Boerma Card	Gallery Dutch	1771 (1899)	The mill was put into operation as a water scoop mill on the Türkmeer, in 1813 it was converted into a grain and peldem mill. In 1899 it was moved to its current location. The facility is used as a land trade.
Riepster Hammrich	Ihlow	Wrantepotter threshing mill " De Kaat " card	Gallery Dutch	around 1670	With a height of 13.80 m and a wingspan of 9.40 m one of the smallest mills in Germany. Reconstruction in 1992
Rysum	Krummhörn	Rysumer mill map	Gallery Dutch	1895	In 1964 the mill was shut down. The reconstruction took place between 1989 and 1995.
Sandhorst	Aurich	Sandhorster Mill Map	Gallery Dutch	1908	The mill technology is available and functional. Completely renovated from 1988 to 1991.
Schweindorf	Schweindorf	Klaashensche Mühle map	Gallery Dutch	1907	Previous building burned down in 1906. Grand piano, cap and gallery dismantled in 1961. Reconstruction completed in 1998 with the fitting of the new mill cap and the attachment of the codend.
Seriem	Neuharlingersiel	De Goede Verwagting card	Gallery Dutch	1804	The mill was used commercially until 1975.
Simonswolde	Ihlow	Windmill Simonswolde , sand water mill card	Gallery Dutch	1813	Operated with wind power until around 1948. Today used as a residential building.
Schoonorth	Krummhörn	Schoonorther Mill Card	Gallery Dutch	1804	The mill was badly damaged in a heavy storm in 1951. The wings and the upper part were then dismantled. In 1975 the substructure was converted into a residential building. Today used as a holiday home.
Spetzerfehn	Großefehn	Mill Steenblock card	Gallery Dutch	1886	Previous building from 1818 burned down after a lightning strike in 1884. The only mill in East Frisia that is still commercially operated with wind power today.
Pile bog	Weener	Windmühle Stapelmoor ( Mill Wichers ) Map	Gallery Dutch	1909	The previous building from 1818 was canceled in 1909.
Südcoldinne	Großheide	Mill Südcoldinne ( Tjadens Mühle ) map	Earth Dutchman	1922	Built in 1901 as a water mill in Nordgeorgsfehn at lock 3 of the Nordgeorgsfehn Canal, transported to its present location in 1922.
South Georgsfehn	Uplengen	Mill Südgeorgsfehn map	Gallery Dutch	1907	Operated with wind power until about 1966, then only with motor operation. 1989/90 shutdown. Extensively restored in 1998.
Tannenhausen	Aurich	Meints Mill card	Earth Dutchman	1867	Built in Endzetel ( Buttforde ) in 1867 . Bought from master miller Meints in 1923 and brought to Tannenhausen.
Tjüche	Marienhafe	Tjücher mill card	Gallery Dutch	1886	Operated with wind power until 1958, then switched to motor drive. Restoration completed in 1986.
Upgant bulkhead	Upgant bulkhead	Sterrenbergsche Mühle map	Gallery Dutch	1880	A previous building from 1569 was demolished in 1880.
Utarp	Holtriem	Utarper Mill Card	Earth Dutchman	1909	Completed in 1909 and operated as a windmill until 1960. Structure preserved as a ruin.
Uttum	Krummhörn	Old mill card	Gallery Dutch	1856	Operated exclusively with wind power until around 1957, with the electric motor as the secondary drive until 1975.
Full	Westoverledingen	Windmill Völlen card	Gallery Dutch		The mill stump that remained until then was demolished in 2018. Only a few millstones are still preserved.
Völlenerfehn	Westoverledingen	Water mill card	Wall Dutch	1813	The upper part of the mill was dismantled in December 2009, completely dismantled and rebuilt in Ahausen , a district of Bersenbrück near Osnabrück. The lower part of the mill was demolished in 2010/11.
Warsingsfehn	Moormerland	Windmühle Warsingsfehn , Mühle Bohlen card	Gallery Dutch	1811/12	Wing mechanism dismantled in 1967. Then continue to operate with an electric motor. The mill cap was replaced in 1994, and a gallery was added in 1996.
Weener	Weener	Haseborgsche Mühle map	Gallery Dutch	1899
Become	Esens	Werdumer Mühle card	Earth Dutchman	1748	The wind operation was stopped in 1960 and the entire mill operation in 1971.
Westeraccum	Dornum	Windmill Westeraccum map	Gallery Dutch	1723	Around 1900 the building burned down completely and was renovated. The pearl barley was still produced here until 1983. The gallery and octagon were reassembled in 2000, the wings in 2002.
Westerbur	Dornumersiel	Sielmühle card	Gallery Dutch	1872	The facility is the only one with a hexagonal floor plan and was used as a navigation mark early on.
Westgroßefehn	Großefehn	Mill Onken card	Gallery Dutch	1773	Operated with wind until 1967. From 1990 to 1993 fundamental renovation.
Wiegboldsbur	South Brookmerland	Mühle Wiegboldsbur Map	Gallery Dutch	1812	Raised one floor in 1851.
Willum	Willum	Water Pump Mill Willum Card	Double piston water pump mill	1872	The only known functioning mill of this type in Germany.
Wittmund	Wittmund	Peldemühle (Wittmund) map	Peldemühle	1741	The plant was built in 1741 as a gallery Dutchman and is therefore probably the oldest mill of its kind in northern Germany. The actual mill operation was stopped in 1974. Comprehensive restoration began in 1986 and has been operational again since 1991. The mill is owned by the Johann and Helene You Foundation.
Wittmund	Wittmund	Siuts mill card	Gallery Dutch	1884	The first mention of a mill at this point was in 1648 and concerned a post mill. This became a victim of flames in 1884. The current facility was originally in the north and was built here after the fire.
Wymeer	Bundles	Wymeerer Mühle card	Gallery Dutch

See also

• List of windmills in Lower Saxony
• Lower Saxony Mühlenstrasse

literature

• Karl Reuer: Windmills in the Ostfriesland / Oldenburg area . Ed .: East Frisian Landscape, Cultural Agency, Institute for Monument Preservation. 1981.
• Walter Norzel, Hartmut Weßling: East Frisian mill book . Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, Hanover 1996, ISBN 3-87706-330-6 .
• German society for mill knowledge and mill maintenance [DGM] eV (Hrsg.): Mill locations in Lower Saxony-Bremen . East Frisia district. ( muehlen-dgm-ev.de [PDF; 324 kB ]).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} mills . Ostfriesland Tourismus GmbH. Retrieved February 4, 2016.
2. ^ Working group Mühlenstraße id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV: zur Straße
3. ^ Aurich - Mühlenfachmuseum Stiftsmühle . Ostfriesland Tourismus GmbH. Retrieved December 27, 2011.
4. ↑ Gottfried Kiesow: Architectural Guide Ostfriesland . German Foundation for Monument Protection - Monuments Publications, Bonn 2009, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 210 .
5. ↑ Buttford Mill . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
6. ↑ Municipality of Dornum (ed.): BOCKWINDMÜHLE DORNUM VON 1626 . Inauguration ceremony after renovation in accordance with listed buildings. November 20, 2010 ( dornum.de [PDF; 797 kB ]).
7. ↑ Gottfried Kiesow: Architectural Guide Ostfriesland . German Foundation for Monument Protection - Monuments Publications, Bonn 2009, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 50 .
8. ↑ Windmill Felde . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
9. ↑ Pictures of the fire in the Fulkum "Johanni" mill on August 21, 2000 . Joachim Albers. March 29, 2004. Retrieved January 23, 2012.
10. ↑ Gottfried Kiesow: Architectural Guide Ostfriesland . German Foundation for Monument Protection - Monuments Publications, Bonn 2009, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 90 f .
11. ↑ The Hager Mill . Berumer administration and real estate company. Retrieved December 27, 2011.
12. ↑ Idafehn Mill . The Möhlenkring Idafehn eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
13. ↑ Neermoor Mill . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
14. ^ German Society for Milling Knowledge and Mill Maintenance [DGM] (Ed.): Mill locations in Lower Saxony-Bremen . East Frisia district. S. 5 ( muehlen-dgm-ev.de [PDF; 324 kB ]).
15. ↑ Michael Heinze: The Rhauder Mühle today . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
16. ↑ Rechtsupweger mill . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed January 12, 2012.
17. ↑ Flutter mill in Riepe . German Society for Milling Science and Mill Maintenance [DGM] eV. Accessed on January 8, 2012.
18. ^ The Wrantepotter drainage and threshing mill "De Kaat" . Emder Mühlenverein eV Archived from the original on July 14, 2013. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 6, 2012. 
19. ↑ Rysumer Mill . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
20. ↑ Schweindorf windmill . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
21. ↑ The history of the Seriemer mill . Mill association "DE GOEDE VERWAGTING e. V". Retrieved January 21, 2012.
22. ↑ Sand water mill . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
23. ↑ Welcome to the historic holiday home of the Happel family near Greetsiel on the North Sea . Simone Roth-Happel and Armin Happel. Retrieved January 21, 2012.
24. ↑ Mill Steenblock Spetzerfehn . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
25. ↑ Stackmoor Windmill . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
26. ↑ Tjaden's mill Großheide-Südcoldinne . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
27. ↑ South Georgsfehn windmill . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
28. ↑ Tjücher mill Marienhafe . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
29. ↑ Windmill "Sterrenberg" Upgant-Schott . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
30. ↑ Old mill Uttum . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
31. ^ Windmills in East Frisia, Völlenerfehn . Rainer Leverenz. Retrieved January 8, 2012.
32. ^ Windmill Warsingsfehn . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
33. ↑ Werdum windmill . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
34. ↑ Onken's Mill . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
35. ↑ Water pump mill in Werdenum . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.
36. ↑ Peldemühle Wittmund . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed on January 21, 2012.

Web links

Commons : Windmühlen in Niedersachsen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Welcome to the "Lower Saxony Mühlenstraße" . Mühlenstrasse working group id Mühlenvereinigung Niedersachsen - Bremen eV Accessed December 27, 2011.
• German Society for Milling Science and Mill Maintenance [DGM eV] . Retrieved December 27, 2011.
• Windmills Cruises East Friesland - Germany North Germany . Rainer Leverenz. Retrieved January 16, 2012.

 Map with all coordinates of the windmills in East Friesland: OSM | WikiMap