Larrelter Mill
| Larrelter Mill
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 Larrelter mill "Kost Winning" |
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| Location and history | ||
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| Coordinates | 53 ° 22 '2 " N , 7 ° 8' 54" E | |
| Location |
 Germany
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| Built | 1732 | |
| Shut down | 1974 | |
| Status | functional technical monument | |
| technology | ||
| use | Flour mill | |
| Grinder | A fine grind | |
| drive | Windmill | |
| Windmill type | Dutch windmill | |
| Wing type | Sail gate wing | |
| Number of wings | 4th | |
| Tracking | Compass rose | |
| Website | http://www.larrelter-dorfverein.de/ldv/die-muehle.html | |
The Larrelter Mühle (Kost Winning) is a two-story Dutch windmill with a gallery, sail blades and compass rose in the Larrelt district of Emden ( East Friesland ) in Lower Saxony. The mill at Mühlenhörn is called "Kost Winning" ( Dutch ; "livelihood", "earning a living"), was built in 1732 and is one of the oldest preserved mills of its kind in Germany. It is 19.20 meters high from the ground to the cap (without wings).
history
The mill was built in 1732. At first she was a Venetian blind, but was later converted from a miller to a glider for financial reasons. Even then, the mill had a compass rose and was ahead of its time.
Three years after its completion, there was a conflict with the millers in the surrounding villages because Müller Weyen had village boatmen bring grain to Larrelt from the Larrelter Tief and milled it. The millers from Groothusen , Hamswehrum , Upleward , Campen Rysum and Loquard complained to the government in Aurich on November 9, 1735 ; The complaint was signed by the leaseholder Menke Harms from Groothusen. The millers prevailed. The government imposed a ban on February 24, 1736; the miller was only allowed to grind for Larrelt, Twixlum, Wybelsum and Logumer Vorwerk . The miller's widow Greetje Coorts also violated the order; in 1787 she had to pay a fine of ten Reichstaler. The miller Jan Harms, to whom she had leased the mill, was also sanctioned.
In 1804 the mill belonged to the miller Willem Cordes Mülder, who left it to his children. In 1831 it went to the merchants Cremer and Focken from Leer . In 1845 it was auctioned. The father of the last miller, Geriet Dupree, had a suction gas engine installed in 1905. Until 1948 it was ground with wind. In 1974 the mill changed hands again, the buyer was Horst Voigt. The milling was stopped.
In 1978 the mill became the property of the city of Emden. The mill had fallen into disrepair, and in 1990 the city prepared the first steps for its demolition. However, citizens began to restore the mill. When the city was ready to be demolished, the mill was already halfway up. From then on the city supported the mill financially. The last parts were installed in 1992. In 1996 the mill was renovated with a rebuilt grinder. It received new wings and a new compass rose.
At the end of 2014, the mill received a new pair of wings, which were financed with donations. The new steel wings are lighter, more robust and, thanks to today's knowledge, better shaped than the old ones, which had to be removed a year earlier due to rot damage before a storm.
In a storm in early 2015, the windmill lost its compass rose, one of the compass rose's small paddles fell down and carried away other paddles. The paddles were commissioned the following day.
Visible in the mill
- Entire working mill technology
- Hexagonal sifter (sieving machine for flour)
- Aspirator (sieving machine for grain)
- Different types of grain
- Old craft items
- Seven different types of mills (models)
- Demonstration models: braking technology, grinding
- Functional grinding process
Compass rose
The compass rose , which turns the canopy with wings into the wind, is at a 90 ° angle to the wing cross on the back of the canopy. When the canopy has a cross wind, the compass rose gets head wind and starts to turn. The cap is mounted on a steel ring that is connected to the compass rose via gears. When the wings are in the wind again, the wind rose stands in the slipstream and stops turning. The result: the canopy with the wing cross is back in the wind. The same principle applies to the predecessor, the Mühlensteert, which protrudes from the cap to the gallery; there the cap is turned by hand into the wind with a wheel.
Assembly of the new wings (September 2014), a crane lifts the second wing here.
Function of the compass rose
Venetian blind or glider wing
A windmill cannot be used to grind when there is no wind or a light wind. In the past, sailcloths were stretched over the wings (gliders). Later, the wings were divided into small segments, like a blind in a window. These segments can be opened and closed using a chain (Venetian blinds).
use
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The mill is owned by the city of Emden . The Larrelter Dorfverein eV (Mill Association) has set itself the goal of preserving the mill and has therefore dedicated itself to maintenance since 1992. The functional milling operation is to Teesonntagen that the German mill day , regularly set to begin operating. Guided tours with demonstrations are offered on these days. In addition, historical milling machines were retrofitted, a sifter for sifting flour, and an aspierateur that removes impurities from the grain before grinding.
See also
literature
- Dietrich Janßen: The new mill "Kost Winning" (earning a living) . In: Ders .: Emder mill history . Gerhard Verlag, Emden 1985, pp. 21–22 (out of print)
Web links
- Windmill Kost Winning . German Society for Milling Science and Mill Maintenance (DGM) eV Accessed on April 26, 2015.
- The mill Kost Winning at the Larrelter village association
Individual evidence
- ↑ Link to download as a PDF file on the website of the Emder Mill Association