Uttum
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Uttum
Krummhörn municipality
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| Height : | 0 m |
| Area : | 11.74 km² |
| Residents : | 494 (December 31, 2012) |
| Population density : | 42 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1972 |
| Postal code : | 26736 |
| Area code : | 04923 |
 Card of the Krummhörn
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Uttum is a district of the municipality of Krummhörn in western East Friesland in the Aurich district in Lower Saxony and has 494 inhabitants.
history
Uttum used to be a chief's seat ( Uttum Castle ). The name of the place means home of Otte or home of Utte. In the 13th century there was a serious dispute between Uttum and the neighboring towns. In 1254 a feud raged again, which also devastated parts of Brookmerland . In the past, the roof tile production was important for the place. In 1874, the first dairy in East Frisia was established in Uttum, which was founded by a cooperative.
In 1744 Uttum fell to Prussia like all of East Frisia . In 1756 the Prussian officials compiled a statistical trade survey for East Friesland. In that year there were 22 merchants and craftsmen in Uttum, including three bakers and shoemakers, two linen weavers, bricklayers, blacksmiths and carpenters and one cooper, tailor and barber each. The five merchants traded in trifles of salt, tobacco and soap.
For centuries, the natural depths and drainage channels that crisscross the Krummhörn in a dense network were the most important modes of transport. Not only the villages but also many farms were connected to the city of Emden and the port of Greetsiel via ditches and canals. The boat traffic with Emden via the Uttumer and the Alte Greetsieler Sieltief was particularly important. Village boatmen took over the supply of goods from the city and delivered agricultural products in the opposite direction: “From the Sielhafenort, smaller ships, so-called Loog ships, transported the cargo to the inland and supplied the marsh villages (loog = village). The loog ships from the Krummhörn enlivened the canals of the city of Emden until the 20th century. "
Peat, which was mostly extracted in the East Frisian Fehnen, played an important role as heating material for the inhabitants of the Krummhörn for centuries . The peat ships brought the material on the East Frisian canal network to the villages of the Krummhörn, including to Uttum. On their way back into the Fehnsiedlungen the Torfschiffer often took clay soil from the march, with your home were dug fertilized land. "Before the First World War, the Damhusen warf near Uttum was seriously affected when land was dug up there and transported by lorry to the Uttum harbor , as the Stigt was called in this town, to be loaded onto fencing ships."
During the Hanoverian period in East Friesland, Uttum belonged to the Greetsiel Office (1824), which was divided into the Greetsiel, Pewsum and Borkum districts. Within this office, Uttum belonged to the district bailiwick of Pewsum and within it to the lower bailiwick of Groothusen, which in addition to Groothusen and Pewsum also included Uttum, Upleward, Hamswehrum and Woquard. The neighboring Jennelt as then still existing glory , however, did not count for office until 1852 Greetsiel. In the course of the Hanoverian office reform in 1859, the Greetsiel office was dissolved and added to the Emden office, since then Uttum has belonged to the latter. During the Prussian district reform in 1885 , the Emden district was formed into the Emden district, to which Uttum then belonged.
In April 1919 there were so-called "bacon removals" from Emden workers, which were followed by rioting on the farm workers. Together with the Rheiderland , the district of Emden was the part of East Frisia most affected by this unrest. Workers broke into the surrounding villages in closed trains and stole food from farmers in clashes. The situation only calmed down after the deployment of the Reichswehr troops stationed in the region . As a reaction to this, resident groups were formed in almost all villages in the Emden area . The Uttum Resident Defense comprised 42 people. These had 20 weapons. The resident services were only dissolved after a corresponding decree by the Prussian Interior Minister Carl Severing on April 10, 1920.
On July 1, 1972, Uttum was incorporated into the new municipality of Krummhörn.
Culture and sights
Worth seeing are the Rentmeisterhaus from 1597, the windmill, a two-story gallery Dutch from 1856, the remains of the old castle , which was demolished in the 18th century, and the brickworks, which was built in 1898, as well as the church that dates back to 1250.
The Uttum church dates from 1250. It consists of a vault, which was replaced in 1804 by a wooden ceiling. In 1930 the bell tower from 1527 was reduced in size. The pulpit of the church was built in 1580, the baptismal font dates from 1474. The organ of the church was made around 1660 by an unknown master using older pipe material.
Rentmeisterhaus
The old mill Uttum on the eastern outskirts
Old brick factory
Church in Uttum
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ greetsiel-krummhoern.de: Uttum , as of December 31, 2012
- ^ Karl Heinrich Kaufhold ; Uwe Wallbaum (Ed.): Historical statistics of the Prussian province of East Friesland (sources on the history of East Friesland, Volume 16), Verlag Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1998, ISBN 3-932206-08-8 , p. 387.
- ^ Harm Wiemann / Johannes Engelmann: Old streets and ways in East Frisia . Self-published, Pewsum 1974, p. 169 (East Frisia in the protection of the dyke; 8)
- ^ Gunther Hummerich: The peat shipping of the Fehntjer in Emden and the Krummhörn in the 19th and 20th centuries. In: Emder Yearbook for Historical Regional Studies in Ostfriesland , Volume 88/89 (2008/2009), pp. 142–173, here p. 163.
- ^ Curt Heinrich Conrad Friedrich Jansen: Statistical Handbook of the Kingdom of Hanover 1824. P. 172, Textarchiv - Internet Archive .
- ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of administrative offices in 1859 . P. 675 f., Books.google.de
- Jump up ↑ Hans Bernhard Eden: The Resident Services of Ostfriesland from 1919 to 1921. In: Emder Yearbook for Historical Regional Studies Ostfriesland , Volume 65 (1985), pp. 81-134, here pp. 94, 98, 105, 114.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 263 f .
