Burlage (Rhauderfehn)

Burlage municipality Rhauderfehn Coordinates: 53 ° 2 ′ 58 ″  N , 7 ° 33 ′ 18 ″  E
Height :	2 m above sea level NHN
Area :	15.42 km²
Residents :	1371  (1970)
Population density :	89 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	1st January 1973
Postal code :	26817
Area code :	04967
Location of the municipality of Rhauderfehn in the district of Leer

Burlage is a district of the municipality Rhauderfehn in the district of Leer in Lower Saxony. It is located about seventeen kilometers south-southeast of Leer and a good eleven kilometers east of Papenburg at an altitude of about two meters above sea ​​level . The district consists of the row settlements Alt- and Neuburlage.

Soil science

Both districts were built on a raised ground moor . In the center, a narrow strip of Gley floor runs through the place from north to south. To the west of it there is a small area with Podzol .

history

The place is mentioned for the first time in 1319 as an independent commander of the Order of St. John with the name Buyrle . Burlage and Langholt are said to have been the founding of the Knights Templar . Religious Frisians, who also took part in the Crusades, donated their land to the order, which was later taken over by the Order of St. John. In 1645 the name Buhrlage appears, the current spelling has been in use since 1719. The name is derived from the word "* būr-lâ" which means peasant forest. After the removal, a layer was added, which indicates a free area. After the Reformation, the Johanniter gave their property in Burlage on a long lease . In the first half of the 17th century, Renneke / Reinecke von Trier was named as a tenant . This, who is also known as the leaseholder of the Johanniterkommende Hasselt , later went bankrupt and left East Frisia in the direction of Oldenburg .

Before the Thirty Years' War , Emden's forties and mayor Hermannus Meyer leased the estate. He was a confidante and former secretary of Count Edzard II (East Frisia) as an opponent of Count Johann I (East Frisia) .

After the Thirty Years' War , his grandson and great-grandson Harm Reinders and his son Reinder Harms are mentioned as tenants. The family managed the estate for six generations until there were disputes because the order wanted to settle Catholic settlers from Hümmling in a heather area that is now called Jammertal. Since the descendants of Harm Reinder saw themselves as hereditary tenants of the whole of Burlage, they did not agree with this approach. The main courtyard in particular, with its stone house, meadows and fields, offered the family a lucrative income. However, the successful management of Burlage was dependent on large flocks of sheep, for which the wasteland was needed. There were processes in several instances . Two instances decided in favor of the Meyer family. In the third instance before the “Obertribunal” in Berlin on October 31, 1776, the order of St. John was decided. The Meyer family - in the meantime the family had adopted this family name again - had to leave Burlage, and the Burlager settler positions were re-auctioned, in which members of the old tenant family Reinders / Meyer were not allowed.

In 1649 there was only the old main courtyard, the Vorwerk of the Order of St. John, with its stone house. In the national treasury register of 1719 four families were named in Burlage:

• Harmen Reiners his wife and three sons
• Harmen Rolffs et al. deßen woman, 2 old people and a servant live there
• Fuck Hinrich's wife and a boy
• Claaß Carstjen and his wife with 3 children

In 1776 Burlage had grown to seven farms, all of which were owned by the descendants of Hermannus Meyer. The main farm had enough cultivated land, four horses and 20 cattle could be kept here. The new settlements offered only a meager income. The Order of St. John had the Burlager leases auctioned again, whereby the leasehold farms were reduced in size so that the cultivation of the land could take place more effectively. This approach led to a further subdivision Burlages and settlement Catholic settlers from the Hümmling . A few years later there were already 29 farms / settlement sites in Burlage.

On January 1, 1973 Burlage was incorporated into the new municipality of Rhauderfehn.

Culture and sights

Buildings

The Burlager Windmühle is an old Wallholländer , which was built in 1824. The mill was in operation until 1978. The wings are still there, but the grinder has been dismantled. The complex now houses a local history museum.

nature

The Befis NaturGarten is located in Burlage . The teaching and show garden of NABU Emsland Nord eV is named after the local poet Bernhard Ficken from Burlage, also known as Befi . The focus of the natural garden is on the protection and promotion of biodiversity. The core project of the garden is the orchard meadow with an area of 10,000 square meters with old, tall fruit trees.

The Esterweger Dose moorland is located in the municipality .

Bog bodies

• On 27 February 1939, the peat workers Heinrich Breer came in Torfabbaugebiet the Moor good Sedelsberg at Burlage on the bones of the bog body of the child from the Esterweger box , a 14-year-old boy who died from 1046 to 1164 there and as a boy of Burlage known is.
• The Burlage peat dog was dug up in May 1953 by the peat cutter Hermann Albers in the black peat about 60 to 80 cm below the surface.

Web links

• Homepage of the municipality of Rhauderfehn

Individual evidence

1. ^ Ortschronisten der Ostfriesische Landschaft : Burlage, Rhauderfehn community, Leer district (PDF; 722 kB), accessed on November 22, 2012
2. ^ Enno Schöningh: The Order of St. John in East Friesland . Page 86 f.
3. ^ StA Aurich Rep. 4 CI g 69
4. ^ Ortschronisten der Ostfriesische Landschaft : Burlage, Rhauderfehn community, Leer district (PDF; 722 kB), accessed on November 22, 2012
5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 262 .
6. ↑ Heimatbund Burlage , accessed on February 20, 2016