Widdelswehr

Widdelswehr City of Emden Coordinates: 53 ° 20 ′ 11 ″  N , 7 ° 15 ′ 39 ″  E
Residents :	1159  (March 31, 2009)
Incorporation :	July 1, 1972
Postal code :	26725
Area code :	04921
Location of Widdelswehr / Jarßum in the city of Emden

Widdelswehr is a district in the east of Emden between the Ems Lateral Canal and the Ems . The city administration also counts Jarßum statistically to Widdelswehr. The place was a chief's seat in the Middle Ages and was incorporated into Emden in 1972. Widdelswehr currently has 1159 inhabitants (including Jarßum) (March 31, 2009).

Surname

The name of the place is probably a combination of a given name such as Wigold, which became Widdel (s) through metathesis or assimilation, and the word -wehr, which is comparable to Warf .

Widdelswehr

history

In the High Middle Ages, Widdelswehr was an independent glory of the Synadisna chief family, who at times also owned Jarßum . Later the glory passed into the possession of the Uttum chief Garrelt Frese, who bequeathed it to his cousin Claas Frese in Hinte . Because of Frese's high indebtedness, the glory passed to his creditors, the East Frisian bailiff Bonno Uden. From this the city of Emden acquired the glory of Widdelswehr and Jarßum in 1629, together with Borssum . The Emden magistrate thus secured the area east of the city and wanted to forestall the East Frisian count house Cirksena , with whom the city was in dispute at the time . Widdelswehr and Jarßum were not in the urban area incorporated , but remain formally independent. The administration was taken over by a bailiff appointed by the Emden city councilors.

From 1885 Widdelswehr belonged to the newly created district of Emden and after its dissolution in 1932 to the district of Leer . As early as 1929, the two neighboring towns of Widdelswehr and Jarßum were united to form the municipality of Widdelswehr, which was not without tension. In the Lower Saxony municipal reform in 1972 Widdelswehr was in the town of Emden incorporated . Until 2001 there was a separate mayor for Widdelswehr, before the city of Emden abolished this office for financial reasons.

Due to its proximity to the port and industrial city of Emden, Widdelswehr developed into a working-class community as early as the late 19th century. The importance of agriculture gradually decreased. The proportion of out-commuters was already 46.5 percent in 1950 and increased to 79.5 percent by 1970, shortly before the incorporation into Emden.

After the war, the community took in a large number of displaced people . The number of inhabitants therefore rose noticeably in the post-war years: by 1950 by 47.5 percent. Due to the large new development areas created in the 1950s, Widdelswehr lost much of its village character even before it was incorporated into the city of Emden. The building areas were necessary to create living space for the displaced, but also for many citizens of the city of Emden, which was badly damaged in the Second World War.

On July 1, 1972, Widdelswehr was incorporated into the city of Emden. When it was incorporated, Widdelswehr (with Jarßum) had 1034 inhabitants.

politics

The formerly agricultural community had already developed as a commuter community to Emden by the Weimar Republic . For this reason there was always a strong share of the vote for workers' parties in Widdelswehr elections. In the 1920 Reichstag elections, the right-wing DNVP received 36.5 percent and the USPD 40.5 percent of the vote. In the 1928 Reichstag election, the votes for the workers' parties were distributed as follows: The SPD received 20.6 percent and the KPD received 27.8 percent of the votes. On the other side of the political spectrum, the DNVP won 16.5 percent. From 1928 to 1933 the mayor, a works manager, was supported jointly by the SPD and KPD.

After the Second World War, Widdelswehr was always a domain of the SPD. In the 1949 federal election it received more than 40 percent of the vote, while the CDU remained below 20 percent. There was also an absolute majority for the Social Democrats in the subsequent elections, with more than 70 percent of the voters of the SPD voting in the "Willy Brandt election" in 1972 . The dominance of the SPD did not change in the following decades either.

Economy and Infrastructure

Lower Saxony state road 2 ( Pewsum –Emden– Neermoor ) runs through Widdelswehr . This is the former federal highway 70 , which has meanwhile been de- dedicated in its Emden section , which led from the Lower Rhine to Norddeich . After the construction of the federal highway 31 , the federal road was downgraded to a state road. In addition, Widdelswehr is located on the Ems and the Ems Lateral Canal , but neither has a port or a marina . The Hannoversche Westbahn was built in this section in the 1850s. Widdelswehr received a small train station, which was preserved until the 20th century.

Local public transport is ensured by line 501 of the municipal subsidiary Stadtverkehr Emden. The line runs from Petkum via Widdelswehr and Borssum in the direction of the city center and on via Barenburg to Harsweg . It connects several of the largest parts of the city and is therefore the busiest in Emden. In addition, a line which runs web owned subsidiary Weser-Ems-bus from the main station via Emden Widdelswehr, Oldersum and Neermoor to Empty.

Waters

Widdelswehr is located directly on the Ems . The Ems Lateral Canal , built between 1894 and 1897, also flows north of the town center . The Fehntjer Tief flows further north in the Widdelswehrster district and roughly parallel to the Ems Lateral Canal . This section is an artificial extension of the Flumm , a natural river in the community of Großefehn, created in the 17th century . After the creation of the West Großefehn by Emder citizens in 1633 , the Flumm , which up until then had flowed in the direction of Oldersum , was supplemented by a canal that connected it directly to Emden. From a point a few kilometers north of Oldersum (near the Monnikeborgum farm), the deep was artificially extended towards the west, i.e. Emden, by excavation. This was done to improve the removal of the peat from the Fehnen to Emden. Between Petkum and Herrentor , the newly dug deep was initially called Sägemüller Tief and between Petkum and Oldersum Grove (from dig), later simply Fehntjer Tief, as part of a standardization of the water's name.

literature

• Ernst Siebert, Walter Deeters , Bernard Schröer: History of the city of Emden from 1750 to the present. (East Frisia in the protection of the dike, vol. 7). Verlag Rautenberg, Leer 1980, DNB 203159012 , therein:
  • Ernst Siebert: History of the City of Emden from 1750 to 1890. P. 2–197.
  • Walter Deeters: History of the City of Emden from 1890 to 1945. P. 198–256.
  • Bernard Schröer: History of the city of Emden from 1945 to the present. Pp. 257-488.
• Theodor Janssen: Hydrology of East Frisia . Verlag Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1967, without ISBN.

Individual evidence

1. ^ City of Emden: Statistics Info 02/2009 . S. 5 ( statistics info / online document [PDF]).
2. ↑ Arend Remmers : From Aaltukerei to Zwischenmooren - The settlement names between Dollart and Jade . Verlag Schuster, Leer 2004, ISBN 3-7963-0359-5 , p. 241.
3. ↑ Bernd Kappelhoff: History of the city of Emden from 1611 to 1749. Emden as a quasi-autonomous city republic. Verlag Rautenberg, Leer 1994, without ISBN (East Frisia in the protection of the dyke, vol. 11). P. 35.
4. ^ Benjamin van der Linde (local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape): Widdelswehr , PDF file, p. 1.
5. ↑ ^{a b} Benjamin van der Linde (local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape): Widdelswehr , PDF file, p. 3.
6. ^ Benjamin van der Linde (local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape): Widdelswehr , PDF file, p. 2.
7. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 260 .
8. ^ Bernard Schröer: History of the city of Emden from 1945 to the present. In Ernst Siebert, Walter Deeters, Bernard Schröer: History of the city of Emden from 1750 to the present. (East Frisia in the protection of the dike, vol. 7). Verlag Rautenberg, Leer 1980, DNB 203159012 , p. 281.
9. ^ Theodor Schmidt: Analysis of the statistics and relevant sources on the federal elections in East Friesland 1949-1972 . Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1978, p. 52/53, for the statistical information on the Bundestag elections up to 1972 see the cartographic appendix there.
10. ^ Theodor Janssen: Hydrology of East Frisia . Verlag Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1967, without ISBN, p. 207.