Twixlum

Twixlum City of Emden
Coordinates: 53 ° 22 ′ 18 ″  N , 7 ° 7 ′ 56 ″  E
Height :	1 m above sea level NN
Residents :	1008  (December 31, 2010)
Incorporation :	July 1, 1972
Postal code :	26723
Area code :	04921
Location of Twixlum in the city of Emden

The Twixlum district is located in the north-west of Emden and was only incorporated into Emden in 1972. Twixlum was previously part of the north district . Twixlum currently has 1008 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2010) .

Large parts of Twixlum and the surrounding area are dominated by agriculture. The place is traversed by the Twixlumer Tief , which flows as an extension of the Larrelter Tief in the Knockster Tief and thus contributes to the drainage of the low-lying areas. The Knockster Tief drains into the Ems .

The Twixlum volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1905, making it one of the oldest in the region. The hand pressure syringe from the year it was founded is still functional today and is demonstrated at historical events. The fire brigade provides fire protection and general help on site.

The district is home to the Turnerbund (TB) Twixlum, founded in 1950.

history

In the early Middle Ages, the Conrebbersweg , an old royal and trade route from Knock an der Ems to the middle of East Frisia , led through the Twixlum district . From the Knock via the (today's) Hof Doodshörn, the path went straight towards Emden. The distance between Doodshörn and Emden was specified by Fridrich Arends for 1832 as "1 1/4 hours". The path was optionally referred to as Conrebbersweg or Robodesweg , the latter another expression for Radbodsweg , named after the legendary Friesian king Radbod .

At the time of the East Frisian chiefs in the 14th and 15th centuries, Twixlum was a long-established chief's seat. A certain chief Folkert was named as a co-signer of the Emsiger Landrecht. About 60 years later, however, Twixlum had lost this independence, the chief Larrelts was also Twixlum chief. The Twixlum chief's castle existed until the 1780s when it was demolished and its stones were used to build a residential building. The castle stood on the southeast side of the village, between the Twixlumer church and the Twixlumer Tief .

In 1744 Twixlum fell to Prussia like all of East Friesland . In 1756 the Prussian officials compiled a statistical trade survey for East Frisia, according to which there were two bakers, a tailor and a shoemaker each, and a merchant who traded in tea, coffee, tobacco, salt, soap and oil. Other traders and merchants could not be found in the town, which was economically in the shadow of the neighboring Larrelt as the third largest trading place in the Emden district.

For centuries, the natural depths and drainage canals that criss-cross the landscape around Emden in a dense network have been the most important modes of transport. Not only the villages but also many farms were connected with the city and the port of Greetsiel via ditches and canals. The boat traffic with Emden was particularly important. Village boatmen took over the supply of goods from the city and delivered agricultural products in the opposite direction: “From the Sielhafenort, smaller ships, so-called Loog ships, transported the cargo to the inland and supplied the marsh villages (loog = village). The loog ships from the Krummhörn enlivened the canals of the city of Emden until the 20th century. "

Peat, which was mostly extracted in the East Frisian Fehnen , played an important role as heating material for the residents for centuries. The peat ships brought the material on the East Frisian canal network to the villages around Emden, including Twixlum. On their way back into the Fehnsiedlungen the Torfschiffer often took clay soil from the march and the manure of cattle with which they their home were dug fertilized land.

In April 1919 there were so-called "bacon removals" from Emden workers , which were followed by rioting on the farm workers. Together with the Rheiderland , the district of Emden was the part of East Frisia most affected by this unrest. Workers broke into the surrounding villages in closed trains and stole food from farmers in clashes. The situation only calmed down after the deployment of the Reichswehr troops stationed in the region . As a reaction to this, resident groups were formed in almost all villages in the Emden area . With 43 members, the Twixlum resident service was of average size compared to other villages in the Emden district. These had 20 weapons. The resident services were only dissolved after a corresponding decree by the Prussian Interior Minister Carl Severing on April 10, 1920.

Twixlum had a total of 246 inhabitants in 1823.

During the Second World War , not only the core city of Emdens was a target in the air war . Since there were several flak positions in the villages around Emden , these were also the target of air attacks. However, the Allied bombers often missed their target due to weather conditions, darkness or fire from the Air Force. For example, on June 7, 1942, there was an air raid, which, among other things, aimed at the anti-aircraft gun position in the suburb of Larrelt . In addition to downtown Emden, Twixlum was also hit, where eight people died after an air mine was dropped .

On July 1, 1972, Twixlum was incorporated into the city of Emden. When it was incorporated, Twixlum had 719 inhabitants.

Population statistics

As of September 30, 2012, Twixlum had 977 inhabitants. After Marienwehr , Logumer Vorwerk , Uphusen and Friesland , Twixlum is the fifth smallest of the Emden districts in terms of population. Of the 977 inhabitants, only eight were foreigners, which corresponds to a share of 0.8 percent. The percentage of foreigners is therefore the smallest among all Emden districts and in absolute terms the second smallest after that of Logumer Vorwerk. The comparison rate for the city is 5.1 percent.

The majority of the population (590) belong to the Reformed Church , which corresponds to a percentage of 60.4 percent. Twixlum is thus well above the average in Emden; Lutherans make up just under the majority of Protestant Christians in the city (15,666 to 14,767). Mainly due to immigration after the beginning of the industrialization of Emden around 1900 and after the Second World War, the proportion of Lutherans in the city, which was previously clearly reformed, increased. Several of the villages that were later incorporated, including Uphusen, are still reformed by a large majority. There are 184 Lutheran residents in Twixlum (18.8 percent), the Catholic Church has 38 residents (3.9 percent). The remaining 165 inhabitants (16.9 percent) are either non-denominational or belong to another religious denomination. Together, the Christians of the two large Protestant churches make up 79.2 percent of the population.

24 percent of the residents (235 people) are older than 65 years, which clearly exceeds the urban average of exactly 20 percent. The age cohort of the up to 19-year-olds includes 183 people, i.e. 18.7 percent of the population. In the age group between 19 and 24 years there are another 50 people, so that the number of all people up to 24 years is 232 (or 23.7 percent). The comparative figures for the urban area are 18.5 percent (up to 19 years) and 25.6 percent (up to 24 years). In the age cohort up to 19 years, Twixlum is therefore slightly above the urban average. The number of all people up to the age of 24, however, is lower than the urban average.

politics

Like all of East Friesland - and Emden in particular - Twixlum has been a stronghold of the SPD for decades. The SPD already had a majority in the 1949 federal election . At that time it got more than 40 percent of the votes, while the CDU remained below ten percent. In the parliamentary elections in 1953 , the Social Democrats overtook the absolute majority in the general election in 1969 as well. The "Willy Brandt election" in 1972 brought the Social Democrats record results in East Friesland, which also applied to Twixlum: the SPD received more than 70 percent of the valid votes cast, while the CDU won less than 30 percent.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In blue a silver river loop touching both shield edges in the shape of a fallen omega, in the loop opening a golden windmill."

Declaration of the coat of arms: The silver loop is the Twixlumer Tief , a drainage deep that flows through the place in a loop. The windmill is a polder mill , some of which were once used to drain the polders.

Economy and Transport

Twixlum is one of the main areas of agriculture within the generally industrial city of Emden due to the high proportion of agricultural land in the district . Nevertheless, agricultural areas make up a little more than half of the urban area, to which the villages incorporated in 1972 and until then strongly characterized by agriculture (including Twixlum) make the largest contribution. At the latest since the incorporation, Twixlum has developed into a commuter suburb. However, there are still several farms within the district. The courtyards can be found partly in the old town center, partly in the district. Some of them are resettler farms.

The traffic connection to Twixlum is via a district road (since Emden is not a district, it is a road whose road construction load lies with the city). In the neighboring town of Larrelt there is a connection to Landesstraße 2 and thus to the city. The closest motorway junction is the Emden-West junction , the starting point of the A 31 .

Twixlum is served by line 19 of Stadtverkehr Emden.

Attractions

• Brick- Gothic Twixlum Church from the end of the 15th century

Sports

The district's sports club is the Turnerbund Twixlum (TBT), founded in 1950. Regardless of its name, at the time the club was founded it was purely a football club; other sports such as dodgeball, gymnastics and skat were added later. The footballers initially played on provisionally prepared pastures, the current sports facility was only leased by the parish in 1954. The girls and women teams of the TBT played on a supraregional level, in the 1990s up to the fourth highest league. The 2012/13 season ended the first women's team as champions of the Weser-Ems Nord regional league and will play in the Weser-Ems regional league from the 2013/14 season.

As of the 2013/2014 season, the first men's soccer team will play in the East Friesland- wide district league ( Ostfrieslandliga ), the third-lowest (or eighth-highest) division in the league system in Lower Saxony. The Twixlumer were relegated from the district league Ostfriesland in the preseason. The second team of the TB kicks in a game community together with footballers from SV Frisch-Auf Wybelsum from the neighboring district in East Friesland class A (1st district class), i.e. one level lower.

The first team of the Turnerbund Twixlums finished the season 2016/17 very successfully. As champions of the Ostfriesland District League, they secured participation in the District League in the following season. In addition, they won the Krombacher Pokal in Emden, as well as the indoor soccer championship (OLB Cup).

literature

• Ernst Siebert, Walter Deeters , Bernard Schröer: History of the city of Emden from 1750 to the present. (East Frisia in the protection of the dike, vol. 7). Verlag Rautenberg, Leer 1980, DNB 203159012 , therein:
  • Ernst Siebert: History of the City of Emden from 1750 to 1890. P. 2–197.
  • Walter Deeters: History of the City of Emden from 1890 to 1945. P. 198–256.
  • Bernard Schröer: History of the city of Emden from 1945 to the present. Pp. 257-488.

Web links

• Evangelical Reformed Church in Twixlum

Individual evidence

1. ^ City of Emden: Statistics Info 01/2011 . ( Statistics info / online document [PDF]).
2. ↑ Quoted in: Harm Wiemann / Johannes Engelmann: Old streets and ways in Ostfriesland . Self-published, Pewsum 1974, p. 111 (Ostfriesland in the protection of the dike; 8).
3. ↑ Fridrich Arends: Erdbeschreibung des Fürstenthums Ostfriesland and Harlingerlandes , Emden 1824. Online in the Google book search, p. 321 f., Accessed on February 3, 2013.
4. ^ Fridrich Arends: Erdbeschreibung des Fürstenthums Ostfriesland and Harlingerlandes , Emden 1824. Online in the Google book search, p. 322, accessed on April 3, 2013.
5. ^ Karl Heinrich Kaufhold; Uwe Wallbaum (Ed.): Historical statistics of the Prussian province of East Frisia (sources on the history of East Frisia, Volume 16), Verlag Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1998, ISBN 3-932206-08-8 , p. 386.
6. ^ Harm Wiemann / Johannes Engelmann: Old streets and ways in East Frisia . Self-published, Pewsum 1974, p. 169 (East Frisia in the protection of the dyke; 8)
7. ^ Gunther Hummerich: The peat shipping of the Fehntjer in Emden and the Krummhörn in the 19th and 20th centuries. In: Emder Yearbook for Historical Regional Studies in Ostfriesland , Volume 88/89 (2008/2009), pp. 142–173, here p. 163.
8. ↑ Hans Bernhard Eden: The Resident Services of Ostfriesland from 1919 to 1921. In: Emder Yearbook for Historical Country Studies of Ostfriesland , Vol. 65 (1985), pp. 81-134, here pp. 94, 98, 105, 114.
9. ↑ Fridrich Arends: Erdbeschreibung des Fürstenthums Ostfriesland and Harlingerlandes , Emden 1824. Online in the Google book search, p. 321, accessed on April 3, 2013.
10. ↑ www.bunkermuseum.de: Attack on Twixlum and Emden on June 7, 1942. ( Memento of the original from July 18, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 163 kB) accessed on March 2, 2013. 
11. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 260 .
12. ^ Bernard Schröer: History of the city of Emden from 1945 to the present. In Ernst Siebert, Walter Deeters, Bernard Schröer: History of the city of Emden from 1750 to the present. (East Frisia in the protection of the dike, vol. 7). Verlag Rautenberg, Leer 1980, DNB 203159012 , p. 281.
13. ↑ The figures in this section are based on the Statistics Info 4/2012 of the statistics office of the city of Emden, Online ( Memento of the original from January 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 4.7 MB), accessed on February 27, 2013, pp. 5, 7 and 9. 
14. ↑ No separate data are available for the Marienwehr district.
15. ↑ Klaus von Beyme : The political system of the Federal Republic of Germany: An introduction , VS Verlag, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-531-33426-3 , p. 100, limited preview in the Google book search, accessed on February 28, 2013.
16. ↑ The following information for the Bundestag elections up to 1972 comes from Theodor Schmidt: Analysis of the statistics and relevant sources on the Bundestag elections in East Frisia 1949-1972 . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 1978, cartographic appendix.
17. ↑ www.tb-twixlum.emder-vereine.de: Chronicle , accessed on June 2, 2013.
18. ↑ Jörg-Volker Kahle: The bear's fur is almost spread. In: Emder Zeitung , June 1, 2013, p. 27.
19. ↑ Kreisliga - Kreis Aurich - Men - 2016/2017: Results, table and schedule at FUSSBALL.DE. Retrieved June 28, 2017 .