Stade
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 53 ° 36 ' N , 9 ° 28' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Lower Saxony | |
| County : | Stade | |
| Height : | 12 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 110.04 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 47,703 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 434 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 21680, 21682-21684 | |
| Primaries : | 04141, 04146 | |
| License plate : | HOURS | |
| Community key : | 03 3 59 038 | |
| LOCODE : | DE STA | |
City administration address : |
Hökerstraße 2 21682 Stade |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Sönke Hartlef ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Stade in the district of Stade | ||
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The Hanseatic city of Stade ( Low German Stood ) is the county town of the same district in Lower Saxony and one independent municipality . The city with around 50,000 inhabitants (Sept. 2017) is located on the southwestern bank of the Lower Elbe , around 45 km west of Hamburg and around 60 km east of Cuxhaven , on the edge of the Old Country , and belongs to the Hamburg metropolitan region . The Schwinge flows through the urban area and flows into the Elbe about 4 km northeast of the city center at Stadersand. Stade was the seat of the former administrative district of Stade and is therefore still home to many central institutions of the Elbe-Weser triangle .
geography
location
Stade is located on the Schwinge River between the Altes Land and Kehdingen , not far from the Lower Elbe . The surrounding landscape is predominantly flat marshland ( Elbmarschen ), some remains of original moors have been preserved. The city is located on a Geestsporn of the Stader Geest that protrudes into this landscape , which is up to 14.5 m above sea level on the Spiegelberg . NHN rises above the march.
City structure
Stade consists of the city center and the four villages of Bützfleth (with Abbenfleth , Bützflethermoor , Götzdorf ), Haddorf , Hagen (with Steinbeck ) and Wiepenkathen . In contrast to other parts of the city, they have their own municipal representative bodies.
Districts
The historic center, which is located on Schwingeinsel within the former ramparts, is surrounded by the moat. In the course of the rededication of the city fortifications to green spaces, the city grew along the exit streets at the end of the 19th century. The Kehdingertorsvorstadt in the north, the Hohentorsvorstadt in the south, the Schiffertorsvorstadt in the west and, in the 1960s, the Altländer Viertel in the east emerged. The districts of Campe , Klein Thun , Groß Thun , Barge , Riensförde in the south, Hahle , Haddorf in the southwest, the Hohenwedel in the west and the districts of Bützfleth and Schölisch in the north go back to former rural villages, to which the city grew. The Kopenkamp settlement closes the gap between Klein Thun and Hohentorsvorstadt . Today they are mainly residential suburbs of various types. The district Ottenbeck was built on the site of the former Stader since the late 1990s, Von Goeben - barracks .
Neighboring cities and larger neighboring towns
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Drochtersen , Cuxhaven 13 km, 58 km |
Glückstadt , Itzehoe 21 km, 36 km |
Uetersen , Elmshorn 15 km, 20 km |
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Bremerhaven 59 km |
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Wedel , Hamburg 15 km, 34 km |
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Bremervörde , Zeven 25 km, 36 km |
Harsefeld , Rotenburg (Wümme) 16 km, 55 km |
Jork , Buxtehude 15 km, 20 km |
climate
The annual precipitation is 778 mm with an average of the middle third of the detected values in Germany to 58% of the stations German Weather Service are registered lower values. The driest month is February, with only half as much precipitation as July.
history
Urban development
Surname
A Stade called in Middle High German from the 10th century a naturally formed landing site for small boats. Mostly it was the mouths of smaller tributaries. In northern Germany the part of the name -stade can be found in other places. The variant in the Upper German-speaking area is Gestade, cf. Gstaad . Etymologically , the word can be traced back to the old Germanic noun stod (place, storage place) and thus belongs to the group of words stand . With the meaning bank it is contained in the word Ge stade , which is hardly used today .
Settlement and city foundation
Archaeological finds from settlers in today's Stade area can be traced back to the Paleolithic Age . Around 650 AD, a fortified settlement with a ship landing was created . It was about 4 km southwest of today's old town (near Groß Thun ) and was earlier erroneously referred to as the Schwedenschanze . Here one was castle built, which was abandoned by 800 for unknown reasons. At the same time, the settlement was relocated to the northeast on the easily accessible Geestsporn , which protrudes into the glacial valley of the Elbe and represents the historical nucleus of today's city.
Until the 13th century, Stade was the most important natural port between Cuxhaven and Harburg and a strategically important place of transition over the Elbe. Here the trade route , which ran as the ox route from Jutland through Schleswig-Holstein to the ferry port of Itzehoe opposite the Stade , met the two old long-distance trade routes towards Paderborn and Hanover .
In 994 the settlement was plundered by the Vikings and Stade was first mentioned in writing as Stethu . Around 1000 the natural shipping area was expanded to today's Old Hanseatic Harbor .
Middle Ages and Hanseatic times
Stade now consisted of five districts. The monastery district with the St. Georg monastery was located at today's horse market, bordering the merchant's quarter along today's Hökerstraße. The quarter of the Bishop of Bremen was built around the Episcopal Church of St. Wilhadi . In today's northern old town there was the fishing district and finally the castle district of the Counts of Harsefeld , later von Stade. Each district had its own church: St. Georg in the Klosterviertel, Ss. Cosmae et Damiani in the Kaufmannsviertel, St. Wilhadi in the Bischofsviertel, St. Nicolai in the Fischerviertel and St. Pankratii in the Burgviertel. The Archbishopric of Bremen was awarded in 1038 by Emperor Conrad II. To build a market with coin and customs in the ecclesiastical base in Stade the right. In addition to the count's settlement, there was now a church settlement area in Stade.
After the Counts of Stade ( Udonen ) died out, Stade fell to Heinrich the Lion , who united the city and fortified it with ramparts and moats. After his disempowerment in 1180, the Archdiocese of Bremen and the Welfs disputed what the city used for their purposes. In 1209, Emperor Otto IV granted Stade city rights, which the Archdiocese of Bremen confirmed in 1236 and then granted them the right to stack and the exemption from military transport . Stade already became a member of the Hanseatic League in its early days and from 1373 sent representatives to the Hanseatic Days.
By backfilling the marshland, the urban area was expanded by over a third. In 1279, the Citizens' Council adopted its own constitution, the so-called Stade Statutes . Thereafter, the eligibility to vote for the council elected once a year lay only with the councilors. A town hall already existed in the 13th century, as were the previous buildings of the churches of St. Cosmae, St. Wilhadi, St. Georg, St. Nicolai and St. Pankratii. Around 1300 the port received an enlarged basin with side quay walls almost in the shape of the old port. The swing arm has been deepened several times for shipping since the 15th century. From 1361 Stade temporarily had the right to form alliances.
From 1307 a medieval leprosy was found in Stade ; In 1319 it became the Gertrudenstift. The building was destroyed in 1712. With the Reformation in Stade, which was largely promoted by the monks of St. Georg , the city became Protestant . Johann Hollmann gave the first Lutheran sermon in 1522.
In 1601 Stade was "arrested" for the second time and now permanently. H. excluded from the Hanseatic League because the city had taken in English cloth merchants from the Merchant Adventurer in 1587 . In 1611, however, the English relocated to Hamburg.
Sweden fortress
Stade's heyday extended into the Thirty Years War . In 1625 Danish troops entered the city. In 1628 the imperial military leader Tilly conquered the city for the Catholic League , shortly afterwards the Swedes took possession of it until 1636. The mercenary Peter Hagendorf reported about this in his diary. The prosperous storage suburb of Harschenfleth was destroyed. After a Danish occupation, the Swedes finally conquered it in 1643 and, together with the Archdiocese of Bremen , they were officially awarded in the Peace of Westphalia of 1648. Stade became the Swedish seat of government for the duchies of Bremen and Verden . Two thirds of the city fell victim to the great city fire on May 26, 1659. It was rebuilt with an unchanged floor plan. The Swedish fortifications from the time after the fire of 1659 are partially preserved today. In 1667/68 the town hall was also rebuilt on the vaulted cellar of the previous building. Only the two old town churches St. Wilhadi and St. Cosmae , the interior of which were also destroyed by the fire, have been preserved.
In the Swedish-Brandenburg War from 1675 to 1676, the Swedish Stade was conquered during a campaign by several states of the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark and remained in Allied ownership until the end of the war in 1679. As the headquarters of the Swedish governorship, Stade was besieged from the beginning of April 1676 to August 13, 1676. As a result of the Peace of Saint-Germain , Stade fell back to Sweden in 1679.
The Elbe customs station near Stade in Brunshausen on the mouth of the Schwing River played a special role for trade on the Elbe and had existed since the time of the archbishopric. The Swedes first stationed an Elbe customs frigate as a permanent guard ship in 1663 . This facility remained under different rule until 1850, the customs station on Schwinger Schanze until 1865.
The Swedish rule ended in 1712. Danish troops besieged the city in the Great Northern War and bombarded it from August 29 to September 7, 1712, in which 152 houses and thus a quarter of the built-up area were destroyed.
Hanoverian and Prussian rule
In 1715 the city came into the possession of the Electorate of Hanover by contractual agreement . On November 17, 1719, Sweden gave up its claims to the Duchy of Bremen-Verden in the Treaty of Stockholm and thus ended the confrontation. Stade was economically weakened at this point. The port's infrastructure had not undergone any further modernization during the fires and sieges of the last century. Stade lost importance in long-distance trade. In addition, there was a plague epidemic in 1712. As a garrison location, the city remained primarily of strategic importance. Between 1803 and 1806, after being conquered by the French on June 18, 1803 and the subsequent withdrawal, it experienced various European occupation troops. From March to December 1810, the prefecture of the department of the Elbe and Weser estuaries , which belonged to the Kingdom of Westphalia , was in Stade . Subsequently, the city belonged as part of the Département des Bouches de l'Elbe to the French Empire until 1813 and then again to the Kingdom of Hanover . In 1866 the Kingdom of Hanover became the Province of Hanover in the Kingdom of Prussia . Stade was then, as a successor to the Hanoverian Landdrostei Stade, the seat of the initially Prussian and from 1946 Lower Saxony administrative district of Stade . This essentially comprised the historical duchies of Bremen and Verden. Stade retained this status until the district reform in 1978.
From 1919 to 1922 a plan was developed to build a canal starting from the northernmost point of the Mittelland Canal near Bramsche , which should cross the Weser at Achim and flow into the Elbe at Stade. Initially, this project was given the name Bramsche-Stade-Canal , later the name Hansakanal . The project was finally abandoned in the 1950s.
Hanseatic city
Despite being excluded from the Hanseatic League in 1601, Stade has participated in the Hanseatic Days of Modern Times , a voluntary community of former Hanseatic cities, since the 1980s . From 2005, for reasons of city marketing and to promote tourism, efforts were made in Stade to reapply the title of Hanseatic City from the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior . The corresponding application was made until Stade was officially allowed to use the title of Hanseatic city again after more than 400 years “because of its character as a seaport city” from April 2009 . The handover of the corresponding certificate took place within the framework of the celebrations for the 800th anniversary of the Stader city charter on April 29, 2009 by the Lower Saxony Prime Minister Christian Wulff .
National Socialism
After the local elections in 1933, the NSDAP came to power in Stade with almost 41%, SPD functionaries were arrested, the KPD was banned and the democratic municipal constitution was repealed.
The Nazi race policy was also implemented in Stade, but the persecution of the Jews was limited to older people because the younger ones fled abroad in good time. The Jehovah's Witnesses and Sinti were also deported from 1935 onwards , and at least 18 staders were murdered in concentration or extermination camps . Disabled or mentally ill adults were forcibly sterilized in the Rotenburg institutions , minors were killed in the context of child euthanasia in the Lüneburg State Hospital .
At the beginning of the Second World War , Polish and Soviet prisoners were doing forced labor in the Stade district . From 1943 onwards, the forced laborers' toddlers were placed in “ foreign children's homes ”, where 65 of them perished from malnutrition and deliberate neglect.
On the sand in Stade there are memorial stones for the victims of National Socialism, stumbling stones in the city area remind of the deported and murdered people . The Jewish cemetery , which was occupied from 1824 onwards, was also no longer continued after 1940. At that time there were 30 tombstones in the cemetery. City authorities evacuated him that same year. Only three stones remained at that time. Hans Wohltmann photographed the stones cleared in 1940 in July 1943 on behalf of the Reich Institute for the History of the New Germany. However, only 13 stones from before 1874 were considered.
After 1945
The district government and the military shaped the social life of Stade as an administrative and garrison town until the settlement of large-scale industry in the early 1970s. The Stade- Agathenburg Air Base, built in the 1930s , has been used for military purposes again since 1956; Renamed von Goeben barracks in 1966 . The resolution of this military installation was carried out in 1994. In the result, there was a conversion of the former army site by settlement of trade and the creation of the new district Ottenbeck. On May 7, 1962, a Belgian F-84 Thunderstreak fighter-bomber crashed into the Schwinge right next to the eyrie settlement. The pilot was killed. He is credited with steering his plane away from the populated area and therefore deploying his ejector seat too late.
Population development
| Population development in Stade from 1990 | |||||||||
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| year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | ||||
| 1990 | 45.991 | 2000 | 45,727 | 2010 | 46.159 | ||||
| 1991 | 46,772 | 2001 | 45,984 | 2011 | 45.198 | ||||
| 1992 | 44,755 | 2002 | 46,068 | 2012 | 45.218 | ||||
| 1993 | 45,387 | 2003 | 46.291 | 2013 | 45,317 | ||||
| 1994 | 45,642 | 2004 | 46,530 | 2014 | 45,772 | ||||
| 1995 | 46.109 | 2005 | 46,778 | 2015 | 46,378 | ||||
| 1996 | 46.057 | 2006 | 46,820 | 2016 | 47.194 | ||||
| 1997 | 45,925 | 2007 | 45,855 | 2017 | 47,330 | ||||
| 1998 | 45,755 | 2008 | 45,918 | 2018 | 47,406 | ||||
| 1999 | 45,773 | 2009 | 46,080 | ||||||
Incorporations
On July 1, 1972, the communities of Bützfleth, Haddorf, Hagen, Schölisch and Wiepenkathen were incorporated.
religion
A diverse religious community is at home in Stade. The Johanniskloster is said to have existed before 1236 . In addition to the Christian churches, there are also several mosques on site today. One of them is located in the city center, one in the village of Bützfleth and others in the Altländer Viertel. The mosque building of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat was built as a mosque structure and has a minaret . There is also a Buddhist group.
Evangelical parishes
Stade is the seat of the Stade district of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Hanover . The four parishes of St. Cosmae-Nicolai, Johannis, Markus and St. Wilhadi are assigned to him.
Catholic Church
The Catholic community has two churches. It concerns the Heilig-Geist-Kirche and St. Josef-Kirche in front of the Schiffertor. The Catholic parishes are part of the Lower Elbe deanery in the Hildesheim diocese . This means that they are part of the Nordic Church Province of Hamburg .
Other churches
There are also several free churches in Stade:
- the Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church ,
- the Baptist congregation in the Federation of Evangelical Free Churches in Germany ,
- the Free Evangelical Congregation ,
- the Seventh-day Adventist Church ,
- the New Apostolic Church ,
- The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- Mormons and
- the Jehovah's Witnesses .
politics
City council
The council of the city of Stade consists of 40 council women and councilors. This is the specified number for a city with a population between 40,001 and 50,000. The 40 council members are elected for five years each by local elections. The current electoral term began on November 1, 2016 and ends (as planned) on October 31, 2021.
The full-time mayor Sönke Hartlef (CDU) is also entitled to vote in the city council.
The local elections on September 11, 2016 led to the following result with a turnout of 51.14%:
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council of the Hanseatic City of Stade A total of 40 seats
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| Political party | be right | proportion of | Seats | Diff. |
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| CDU | 18,826 | 33.39% | 13 | -1 |
| SPD | 17,299 | 30.64% | 12 | -3 |
| Green | 5,918 | 10.48% | 4th | -2 |
| Flat share | 5,512 | 9.76% | 4th | +2 |
| FDP | 3,174 | 5.62% | 2 | +1 |
| The left | 2,548 | 4.51% | 2 | +1 |
| Pirates | 722 | 1.28% | 1 | +1 |
| UBLS | 2,455 | 4.35% | 2 | +1 |
mayor
Since 2006 Stade has had a full-time mayor who, in addition to representative tasks, also manages the city administration. In the local elections in September 2011, Silvia Nieber (SPD) was elected the first female mayor with 59.63%. In 2019, Sönke Hartlef (CDU) was elected as the new mayor of Stade.
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the city of Stade is a silver, upright, with the beard to the right facing key (to Peter Key of the archbishops of Bremen ) in blue field, right and left, accompanied by a respective silver grip with golden mane, golden wings, red whipped tongue and a banner with the letters SPQST. ( Senatus Populusque Stadensis , Latin for "The Council and the Citizens of Stade").
The coat of arms has been proven by coin finds since the 13th century. In the 19th century , the flanking griffins and the banner were added.
Town twinning
The Hansestadt Stade is by twinning associated with
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With the partnership agreement between Stade and the southern Swedish city of Karlshamn on June 23, 1984, the first of Stade's partnerships that is still valid today came into force. Stade has been holding a "Sweden Week" at irregular intervals since 1970. On July 16, 1987, another partnership with the Israeli city of Givat Shmuel was sealed. A regular youth exchange takes place with the urban settlement near Tel Aviv , which was founded in 1942 by Romanian immigrants. Karlshamn and Givat Schmuel were joined by the town of Gołdap (German Goldap ) in northeastern Poland (in former East Prussia), near the border with the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast . There is also a regular youth exchange between Stade and Goldap, to which there is also an alternating professional group exchange.
Culture and sights
Buildings
The sights of Stade include the entire old town with half-timbered houses , most of which date from the 17th century. In some streets there are much older houses, they date from the time before the city fire of 1659. Eleven years after the end of the Thirty Years War, it destroyed two thirds of all buildings in Stade. The town hall was also part of it, only its vaults with the council cellar remained. The so-called "Old Town Hall" was built on them in 1667. The Ratskeller below was mentioned for the first time on February 22, 1305 in the first city book of Stader as a wine cellar and tavern , making it one of the oldest Ratskellern in Germany.
Two inner city churches:
- Church of Ss. Cosmae et Damiani , mostly just called "Cosmae Church" by the people of Stade, with an important Hus / Schnitger organ .
- St. Wilhadi church with the Erasmus Bielfeldt organ
The Hanseatic port was once the economic heart of the Hanseatic city. Here is the Swedish warehouse from 1705, which has served as a museum since 1977. The Mayor Hintze House with a Renaissance facade from 1621 is located on the pedestrian zone "Wasser West", which leads along the Hanseatic harbor to the Schwedenspeicher ; the building was demolished in 1930 due to disrepair and the facade was rebuilt in 1932 with secured material. Next to it is the Goeben house, in which the future Prussian general August Karl von Goeben was born in 1816 ; in 1822 the house was acquired by Gottlieb Wilhelm Freudentheil , the member of the Paulskirche parliament and the father of the modern legal profession, who stayed there until his death Lived in 1869.
At the Hanseatic port, a stepping crane was built in 1977 based on the model of the Lüneburg old crane at the former location of the Stader salt crane from 1661 , but without the internal mechanics. The dilapidated original was torn down in 1898.
The Stader Stadtwaage from 1753 at the Hanseatic port was to be demolished in the mid-1970s; it had served as a customs house until the 19th century . At the same time, the city council was considering filling up the 1000-year-old Hanseatic port and creating a parking lot at the site; The Hanseatic port as well as the historical structure have been preserved. Today the half-timbered building has been renovated and is used as a residential and commercial building.
The Löwenapotheke , for which the Swedish pharmacist Gabriel Luther was granted the privilege of King Karl X. Gustav in 1655 , still has an office furniture made of mahogany from 1867. The merchant's staircase inside the house is a typical example of a hallway in a medieval guild house and wakes it up According to the author Else Alpers, Buddenbrook's reminiscences.
The armory on the horse market was used as a cinema, concert and theater building until the end of the 1980s. It was built between 1697 and 1699 in the Swedish times of Stade as an arsenal. Before that, the 12th century St. George's Church stood there. The Archbishop of Bremen Gottfried von Arnsberg died in Stade in 1363. He was buried in St. George's Church. His grave is preserved in the basement of the armory.
The listed harbor crane from 1927 is located at the city harbor. The electrically driven crane from Bamag-Meguin (Berlin) was originally mobile. In 1986 it was secured and repaired for the first time. After the counterweight was repaired in 1999, it was faithfully restored from spring 2007 to June 2008.
The two high-voltage lines Elbe crossing 1 and Elbe crossing 2 cross the Elbe near Stade .
Town hall from 1667
Mayor Hintze House , by the water west
Armory at the horse market
Stader Stadtwaage from 1753 (customs house)
Half-timbered houses at the Hanseatic harbor
theatre
Stadeum culture and conference center
The Stadeum is a congress and event building that was completed in 1989 and is also used for theater and concert performances. The planning phase of the multifunctional building began in 1965. The construction followed the plans of architect Klaus Peter Springer from Hanover. The developer of the house was the city of Stade. The costs for the construction of the building amounted to approx. 63.4 million DM.
The sole shareholder is the Hanseatic City of Stade. The Hansesaal, as the largest hall in the house, has a capacity of 1,064 seats in rows.
Events that received national attention, such as the Holk Culture Festival, an open-air festival and the Stader Opera Ball, took place in the Stadeum. The Stadeum also has a restaurant. The construction on the Westphal'schen Wiesen was controversial because it meant building on another, until then, vacant area in addition to the buildings for the Vincent-Lübeck-Gymnasium. A four-star hotel was built in the immediate vicinity. A large car park offers parking spaces for both visitors to the Stadeum and the old town.
Seminar gym
The seminar gym is another cultural venue in Stade. The former sports hall is now a place for theater, music, cabaret, readings, exhibitions and film screenings.
Museums
- Sweden Warehouse Museum
- tree house
- Local museum
- Kunsthaus am Wasser West
- Open air museum on the island
- Museum ship Greundiek
- Grauerort fortress
Sculptures
The following works of art can be found in the old town of Stad:
Die Wachenden , bronze sculpture by Carsten Eggers in Holzstrasse
The reading monk von Eggers in front of the Johanniskloster
The fish wife of Frijo Müller-Belecke on Hansehafen
Fraternities
There are still four historical brotherhoods in Stade today , three of which were founded in the late Middle Ages and the youngest was founded in the 16th century. All four associations serve the purpose of joint action and social welfare for the members and their relatives. Her concern is also the support of the "shameful poor" on site, the help for people who are in need through no fault of their own, who do not know how to help themselves and who would otherwise not be helped.
The oldest brotherhood St. Pankratii brotherhood Stade from 1414, the St. Antonii brotherhood Stade from 1439 and the Rosenkranz-Gotteshülfe brotherhood from 1482 were established as associations for common prayer.
As a post-Reformation brotherhood, the Stade Merchants and Skippers Association was founded in 1556 as an association of ferrymen and grain merchants. Its members collected donations in the 17th century to buy seafarers out of Turkish captivity. Even today it is mainly made up of merchants and freelancers from Stade.
The brotherhoods stagnated in the 18th century and flourished in the second half of the 19th century. You are still active today in social welfare and cultural promotion.
Cultural promotion
The landscape of the duchies of Bremen and Verden is an institution that is active in the field of regional cultural promotion in the area of the former territory of Bremen-Verden. To this end, it founded the Stade Landscape Association together with other institutions . This endeavors to promote culture, maintain identity and regional marketing. In particular, he does regional cultural work.
Non-profit
A charity walk and run takes place in Stade every year . The run goes in favor of HerzLicht , a project of the Stade hospice group, and the aid organization Humanity First Germany . The event is organized by Khuddam ul-Ahmadiyya , a youth organization of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community .
Infrastructure
education
Gymnasiums:
- Athenaeum
- Vincent-Lübeck-Gymnasium ,
- four vocational high schools (subjects: information technology , ecotrophology , social pedagogy and economics )
Other general education schools:
- Integrated comprehensive school at Hohenwedel with secondary school (in the building of the former Hohenwedel secondary school)
- Realschule camper height
- Secondary school in Thuner Strasse
- numerous elementary and several special schools
- a Waldorf school and an adult education center .
Vocational schools:
- BBS I - Jobelmann School (commercial, technical and educational subjects)
- BBS II - commercial training institute (commercial subjects)
- BBS III (agricultural-horticultural-fruit-growing-floristic, health-care and housekeeping disciplines)
- Stader private school (business and socio-educational assistance)
Teacher seminars:
- Study seminars for teaching positions at vocational schools and grammar schools in the Carl-Diercke -Haus
- Training seminar for teaching at primary, secondary and secondary schools
Private University of Applied Sciences Göttingen-Stade since 2006. Bachelor's and master's degrees in the field of composite materials can be obtained here.
Former monasteries and monasteries
- St. Johannis
- St. Marien (1142–1648)
- St. George's pen
- Holy Spirit pen
Sports
The football club VfL Güldenstern Stade was founded in 2016 as a merger of the two clubs VfL Stade and TuS Güldenstern Stade and has played in the six-class Lüneburg regional league since the 2018/2019 season . The home games are played in the Stadtwerke-Stadion (2000 seats) in the Ottenbeck district .
Economy and Transport
economy
Stade has over 3700 companies in which more than 23,000 people work. In the industrial area of Stade-Bützfleth on the Elbe, over 2300 people are employed in the plants of Dow Germany , Aluminum Oxid Stade GmbH , Areva, Prokon Nord Energiesysteme and in the Stade nuclear power plant , which is being dismantled. More than 2,000 employees work at the Airbus plant in Stade in the southern industrial area .
Established businesses
- Airbus Operations GmbH
- Air Liquide industrial gases GmbH & Co. KG
- Air Products & Chemicals
- Aluminum oxide stade
- Cheminova (formerly Stähler Agrochemie)
- DuPont de Nemours
- E.ON
- Handelshof (C&C Wholesale)
- Kurotec-KTS GmbH
- Lindemann (construction company)
- PN Bioethanol Elbewerk GmbH & Co. KG
- Olin
- Stacon GmbH & Co. KG (steel construction)
- Trinseo
Elbe Clinic
In 2001, the city of Stade and the district of Stade founded Elbe Kliniken Stade-Buxtehude GmbH . This unites the former Stade municipal hospital and the former Buxtehude district hospital . The combined number of beds reaches 836, with 266 in Buxtehude and 570 in Stade. The hospital is a member of the Elbe-Heide-Krankenhausverbund, which includes several clinics in the southern Hamburg area.
Credit institutions
Two savings banks ( Sparkasse Stade-Altes Land and Kreissparkasse Stade ), a cooperative bank ( Volksbank Stade-Cuxhaven eG) and the Ritterschaftliche Kreditinstitut Stade , a public-law Pfandbrief bank owned by a knighthood , have their headquarters in Stade . In addition, there are branches of Commerzbank , Deutsche Bank , Hypovereinsbank and Targobank , in the districts of Hagen, Hahle and Wiepenkathen an office of the Spar- und Kreditbank eG Hammah and in the district of Bützfleth an office of the Volksbank Kehdingen .
Nuclear power plant
The Stade nuclear power plant (KKS) went into operation in 1972. From 1984 onwards, district heating was transferred from a nuclear power plant in Germany to a neighboring salt works for the first time. The salt works closed in June 2003, presumably because of the closure of the nuclear power plant. The shutdown was carried out by the operating company on November 14, 2003 for economic reasons. The net electrical output before the shutdown was 630 megawatts. The power plant has been in the process of being dismantled since 2005; the demolition was extended by another four years in 2014 after radioactive condensate was found in the concrete.
Power plants
The Schilling power plant , an oil-fired thermal power plant , used to be located near Stade . Dow Chemical is currently planning to build a coal-fired power station on the Elbe . Both GDF Suez (formerly Elektrabel) and E.ON have given up their plans for new coal-fired power plants in Stade.
Dow Chemical's coal-fired power plant project
The Dow Germany Chemical Company Ltd (Dow), the German subsidiary of the US chemical company The Dow Chemical Company , is planning on the site of its chemical plant Stade since 2008 to build and operate a coal-fired power plant with an electrical power rating of up to 920 megawatts and a thermal heat input from up to 2100 megawatts. The power plant should have an electrical efficiency of around 45 percent. The steam extraction ( combined heat and power ) results in an overall efficiency of approx. 58 percent.
The power plant is part of an "integrated energy concept" for the Stade plant, which is intended to ensure that the plant's electricity and steam supply is competitive in the long term. In addition to imported hard coal , natural gas and biomass will also be burned in the power plant and hydrogen will be used as an energy source. The electricity not required for production is to be fed into the public grid. The information about how much it is fluctuates between a third and two thirds of the electricity produced and, at times, the total output. Dow is still looking for a partner to market the surplus electricity. In June 2009, EnBW , the partner initially designated for this, withdrew from the project for economic reasons. No new partner has been named since then.
Commissioning was planned for 2014. The planning process began in June 2012. After nearly 10,000 citizens had submitted objections to the development plan by March 25, 2013 , it was revised and publicly displayed again. In July 2014, the City Council of Stade approved the construction of the power plant by amending the land use and development plan . Dow has not yet applied for permits. A norm review suit against the development plan, which was filed in October 2015 by an alliance of BUND , NABU , Greenpeace and some citizens' initiatives, failed in September 2017 before the Lüneburg Higher Administrative Court . In March 2018, a local resident filed a complaint against the judgment in an alliance with Greenpeace and other environmental groups. The Federal Administrative Court in Leipzig must now decide on an appeal.
The appointed by the Federal Government Coal Commission recommended in January 2019 to take no new coal plants longer in operation. The operator is now examining the possible effects on the project.
The Dow power plant project has been criticized by citizens' groups and environmental groups. According to calculations by Deutsche Umwelthilfe , the carbon dioxide emissions of the Stade chemical plant would increase considerably as a result of the new hard coal power plant, whereas they could be massively reduced by building an expanded gas power plant. In addition, contrary to the information provided by Dow, coal is no longer a competitive energy source. The price increases for fossil fuels in recent years suggested this. A coal-fired power plant is therefore neither justified to secure the electricity supply nor to secure competitiveness.
traffic
Road traffic
Stade is mainly connected to the long-distance network by the federal highway 73 , federal highway 74 and the A26 . The latter was opened to road traffic on October 21, 2008, but initially ends after 15 km in Horneburg . The expansion of the coastal motorway A 20 and A 22 is intended to further develop the industrial and port location of Stade and to reduce the number of accidents with an above-average number of traffic fatalities. In 2006 (until November 30th) 34 people died in the district from traffic accidents alone. The B 73 in particular is one of the most dangerous roads in Germany, along with the B 12 near Passau.
Rail transport
The station is on the edge of the old town on the railway line Hamburg Hbf - Cuxhaven (" Niederelbebahn "), which is served hourly by trains of the transport company Start Unterelbe mbH . These correspond to the regional express of Deutsche Bahn and run with diesel locomotives and double-decker cars .
Regional rail traffic between Stade and Hamburg has also been served by trains on the Hamburg S-Bahn line S 3 since 2007 . Unlike the regional express, they stop at all stations. These are special two-system railcars that run between Stade and Hamburg-Neugraben with alternating current from the overhead contact line , from Neugraben with direct current from a conductor rail . The trains are tied through to Pinneberg on the Hamburg side. The S-Bahn trains run every hour during the day, sometimes every 20 minutes during rush hour. Often criticized are the often overcrowded and delayed trains between Stade and Neugraben in times of high demand, as well as the fact that there is no train connection to Hamburg on weekend nights.
| line | course |
|---|---|
|
Pinneberg - Thesdorf - Halstenbek - Krupunder - Elbgaustraße - Eidelstedt - Stellingen - Langenfelde - Diebsteich - Altona - Königstraße - Reeperbahn - Landungsbrücken - Stadthausbrücke - Jungfernstieg - Central Station - Hammerbrook - Elbbrücken - Veddel - Wilhelmsburg - Harburg - Harburg - Heimfeld - Neuenthal Town Hall - Heimfeld - Neuenthal - Fischbek - Neu Wulmstorf - Buxtehude - Neukloster - Horneburg - Dollern - Agathenburg - Stade |
The Stade – Bremerhaven route has not been used for passenger transport to Hesedorf since the 1990s. Today the “ Moorexpress ” runs here on weekends , an excursion train to Bremen made up of Uerdingen rail buses from the 1960s.
The meter-gauge Kehdinger Kreisbahn via Freiburg / Elbe to Itzwörden was shut down in sections until 1936.
Bus transport
The regular bus service is largely operated by the KVG Stade after being ordered by the Stade district within the Hamburg Transport Association (HVV). The city network consists of seven lines during the day Monday to Friday, which are designed as radial traffic and start at the train station or horse market. The cycle sequence is between 20 and 60 minutes. In the evening there is a ring line . Two lines operate on Sundays.
There are regional bus routes to numerous places in the district, the most important of which lead to Freiburg and Jork.
Stade is served by long-distance bus from Flixbus on the line between Cuxhaven and Berlin (via Bremerhaven and Beverstedt).
Air traffic
Stade has a small airfield , it can be found in the Ottenbeck district. There private individuals can z. B. start with their gliders , as the small airport has a towing device for gliders. The next international airport is in Hamburg .
port
The Stade seaport is located in the Bützfleth district of Stad on the Lower Elbe . The port is 60 nautical miles from the North Sea . Ships with a length of up to 270 m and a draft of 14 m can be handled, the tidal range is 3.1 m. This is mainly where the handling of the aluminum and chemical plants, both of which also operate individual quays in the port, is handled . Since 2009, extensive container and bulk goods capacities have been created in two expansion stages . In 2017, around 5.8 million tons were handled in sea freight transport (2016: 5.7 million t, 2015: 5.85 million t; 2014: 5.6 million t; 2012: 5.8 million t ; 2011: 5.2 million t).
Along with Brunsbüttel, Wilhelmshaven and Rostock, Stade is one of the cities that are in discussion for an LNG terminal; 50 environmental associations and citizens' groups are against it.
In the city itself there are three other ports on the Schwinge . On the one hand the more than 1000 year old medieval Hanseatic port . The historic port is famous for its picturesque charm and is located in the old town of Stade at the fish market. It has not been navigable since 1968 because it was cut off from the lower reaches of the Schwinge by the Schwinge weir and a road built over it as a result of the great storm surge of February 1962 .
On the other hand, the Stadthafen (New Harbor) was built in 1880 , because the small capacity of the Hanseatic port was no longer sufficient. Since the city harbor is directly behind the swing rifle, it is exposed to the tide and can not be approached at low tide . It is still used today as a commercial port (Öllager Fm. Rinck) and port of departure for adventure trips (“Fleetenkieker”, “Schwingeflair”, “Wilhelmine von Stade”) and river cruises, but especially as a small marina and is particularly popular with recreational skippers in summer .
The third is the Stader Holz- or Floßhafen . It connects directly to the city harbor in a southerly direction, is separated from it by a lock (Salztorsschleuse) and extends from there to the pedestrian bridge at the Güldensternbastion . Historically, it emerged from a part of the moat with which it forms a unit and through which it is still connected to the old Hanseatic port today. The timber or raft harbor owes its name to its use as a storage area for the former Hagenah Borcholte sawmill and the timber dealership Zuhr & Köllner. The water depth is around two meters. For many years the wooden harbor was used by the Stader Seglerverein as a berth and winter storage, today it is home to three houseboats and a boat rental company .
Authorities and courts
- Employment Agency Stade The district of the Employment Agency Stade includes the district of Stade, the old district of Land Hadeln, the city of Cuxhaven and the old district of Bremervörde. In addition to the main agency in Stade, there are branches in Bremervörde, Buxtehude, Cuxhaven, Otterndorf and Zeven.
- District Court of Stade
- Stade Social Court
- District Court of Stade
- Administrative court of Stade
- Labor Court Stade
- Lower Saxony State Agency for Water Management, Coastal Protection and Nature Conservation
- Land registry office Stade
- State Archives Stade
media
The Stader Tageblatt is published as a daily newspaper in Stade and the district . The newspaper has local and sports editorial offices in Stade and Buxtehude. The Stader Wochenblatt serves as the advertising publication .
public finances
The city of Stade's new debt for 2009 will amount to around EUR 8.8 million. According to current plans, the budget deficit in 2010 is 8.2 million euros.
Volunteer firefighter
The voluntary fire brigade of the Hanseatic City of Stade provides defensive fire protection and general help in the city and beyond. It has over 500 active fire fighters, including around 130 young people and children in the four affiliated youth fire departments .
Readiness of the German Red Cross
The readiness of the German Red Cross of the Hanseatic City of Stade is used in the context of civil protection, disaster control , medical services , the extended rescue service and the Schnell-Einsatz-Gruppe (SEG). More than 30 active volunteers are active in the standby.
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- since 1864: Gottlieb Wilhelm Freudentheil , citizen spokesman , reformer of the legal profession and member of the Paulskirchenparliament
- since 1884: Andreas Leon Carl von Müller, President of the Regional Court
- since 1892: Karl Ludwig Neubourg , mayor
- since 1908: Heinrich Holtermann, businessman, senator, member of parliament
- since 1961: Ludwig Jürgens, mayor, politician (SPD)
- since 1964: Hans Wohltmann , director of the Athenaeum, chairman of the history and homeland association
- since 2001: Heinz Dabelow , politician (SPD), mayor
- since 2003: Horst Eylmann , politician (CDU), Member of the Bundestag
See also
literature
- Martin Böcker , Peter Golon: The organ city of Stade. World famous organs and 600 years of organ building. Book with CD. Organ Academy, Stade 2004, ISBN 3-931879-30-5 .
- Jürgen Bohmbach (editor): Stade. From the beginnings of the settlement to the present . City of Stade, Stade 1994.
- Jürgen Bohmbach (Ed.): Document book of the city of Stade. Lax, Hildesheim 1981, ISBN 3-7848-3013-7 .
- Peter Bussler: The Unterelbesche Railway Harburg – Stade – Cuxhaven. Ceremonial opening of the Cuxhaven railway connection in 1881 . In: Men from Morgenstern , Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 840 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven December 2019, p. 1–2 ( digitized version [PDF; 4.0 MB ; accessed on January 7, 2020]).
- Carl-Wilhelm Clasen, Oskar Kiecker, Gottfried Kiesow : The art monuments of the city of Stade. 1960.
- Fritz Dressler, Manfred Sack: Stade. Ellert and Richter, Hamburg 2004, ISBN 3-8319-0128-7 . (Illustrated book)
- Wilhelm Heinrich Jobelmann , W. Wittepenning: Attempt of a history of the city of Stade. 3 booklets. Pockwitz , Stade 1869–1874 (revision by Max von Bahrfeldt : History of the City of Stade . Pockwitz, Stade 1897).
- Friedrich Adolf Schröder: City in the flow of time. The millennial Stade. Stade 1993, ISBN 3-921942-08-X .
- Hans Wohltmann : The history of the city of Stade on the Lower Elbe. 3. Edition. Stader History and Local History Association, Stade 1956.
- Oliver Falkenberg, Linda Sundmaeker: Stade & Das Alte Land. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2007, ISBN 978-3-86108-958-2 .
Web links
Wikinews: Stade - in the news
- Homepage Stade
- Link catalog on the topic of Stade at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019 ( help ).
- ↑ Weather and Climate - German Weather Service - Climate Data ( Memento of the original from 23 September 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ( ZIP ; 352 kB). Website of the German Weather Service (DWD) (accessed on February 14, 2011)
- ↑ Duden, Etymologie der Deutschen Sprache, keyword “Gestade”, p. 237.
- ↑ Hanseatic City of Stade: History of the Hanseatic City of Stade . In: information brochure
- ↑ Schwedenschanze ( Memento from August 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed June 19, 2011)
- ↑ Bank edge reinforcement and ship elements. New findings on the early medieval castle of Groß Thun ( memento of the original from November 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (City of Stade, accessed June 19, 2011)
- ^ Viking attack on Stethu in Annales, chronica et historiae aevi Saxonici by Thietmar von Merseburg : 1000-year-old city of Stade ( Memento from August 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). Tourism website of the city of Stade (accessed on February 14, 2011)
- ↑ Cronecken der Sassen , p. 19.
- ↑ see data from the Society for Leprosy under Archived Copy ( Memento of the original from July 4, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Overview of all leprosories in Lower Saxony and Bremen
- ^ Matthias Wegner : Hanseatic League. Of proud citizens and beautiful legends . Siedler, Berlin, 2nd, revised edition 1999, ISBN 3-88680-661-8 , p. 26.
- ^ Richard Graewe: The two hundred year history of the Elb-Zoll-Frigate zu Brunshausen and its commanders 1650-1850. Self-published by the Stader Geschichts- und Heimatverein, Stade 1963.
- ↑ See the map under file: Ortus-imperii-suecorum.png for the power relations up to 1719
- ^ "Stade is now a Hanseatic city" ( Memento from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Interior Minister Uwe Schünemann : Letter dated November 26, 2008 to Stade's Mayor Andreas Rieckhof: “A renewed evaluation of your application (...) has shown that the consistent character of Stade as a seaport city (...) justifies the Hanseatic past of the city in to classify the present as sufficiently formative. With the seaport, Stade has a unique selling point that significantly differentiates the city from all other former Hanseatic cities in Lower Saxony. "
- ↑ Stolpersteine Stade , accessed on March 31, 2018
- ↑ Everyday life and persecution - The district of Stade in the time of National Socialism
- ↑ Stolpersteine Stade , accessed on March 31, 2018
- ↑ See the two WP articles armaments conversion and conversion (urban planning)
- ↑ Crash 1962 - dietrich-alsdorf.de
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 246 .
- ^ Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law (NKomVG) in the version of December 17, 2010; Section 46 - Number of MPs , accessed on December 17, 2011.
- ↑ Stade website
- ↑ Result - election as mayor 11.09.2011 ( Memento from August 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Stade: twin town Givat Shmuel (Israel) | City of Stade . ( stadt-stade.info [accessed December 28, 2016]).
- ^ Stade: twin town Goldap (Poland) | City of Stade . ( stadt-stade.info [accessed December 28, 2016]).
- ^ Stade: twin town Karlshamn (Sweden) | City of Stade . ( stadt-stade.info [accessed December 28, 2016]).
- ^ Wohltmann: History of the City of Stade. 1943, p. 19
- ↑ Alpers: Stader Bilderbogen. P. 14
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ STADEUM Culture and Conference Center (May 2019). Stade. Unpublished raw data.
- ↑ Press reports on the running event
- ^ Private University of Applied Sciences
- ↑ Decommissioning and dismantling of the Stade nuclear power plant at www.preussenelektra.de
- ↑ Press release No. 122/2014 from the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Environment: Dismantling the Stade nuclear power plant (KKS) can take up to four years longer .
- ↑ GDF Suez cannot get away with a coal-fired power plant . In: Handelsblatt, February 1, 2010, accessed on October 15, 2014
- ↑ a b Answer to the oral question on the construction of the hard coal power plant in Stade from May 31, 2013. Website of the Lower Saxony Ministry for the Environment, Energy and Climate Protection, accessed on July 9, 2014
- ^ Coal power in Lower Saxony - headwind for coal power plants. ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Website of the BUND Niedersachsen., Accessed on October 15, 2014
- ↑ a b Margit Kautenburger: New coal-fired power plants planned in Stade and Wilhelmshaven . In: Hannoversche Allgemeine, June 3, 2011, accessed on October 15, 2014
- ↑ Dow Deutschland Anlagengesellschaft mbH (ed.): Integrated energy concept in the Stade plant . January 2013, accessed July 30, 2014
- ↑ Stade coal-fired power station . Retrieved July 30, 2014
- ↑ Deutsche Umwelthilfe: Why the Dow coal-fired power plant project in Stade is neither environmentally nor climate-friendly, nor is there any alternative . Background information on the press conference on February 25, 2013, accessed on July 30, 2014
- ↑ EnBW is not building a coal-fired power plant with Dow in Stade , accessed on July 30, 2014
- ↑ Integrated energy concept. Dow website, accessed May 11, 2015.
- ↑ Thorsten Penz: Round two for the power plant . In: Kreiszeitung Wochenblatt, November 19, 2013, accessed on July 30, 2014; Thorsten Penz: Almost 10,000 objections . In: Kreiszeitung Wochenblatt, March 27, 2013, accessed on July 30, 2014
- ↑ Gernot Knödler: Chemical company gets a coal-fired power station. In: Die Tageszeitung , July 29, 2014. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
- ^ Stade coal-fired power plant , accessed on July 30, 2014
- ↑ Overview of new coal-fired power plants in Germany. Greenpeace, as of 12/2014. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
- ↑ Ina Kast: Environmentalists complain against Stader's power plant plans. In: www.ndr.de, October 29, 2015. Archived from the original on October 30, 2015 ; accessed on March 16, 2016 .
- ↑ Coal power plant in Stade may be built. In: ndr.de. September 28, 2017. Retrieved September 29, 2017 .
- ↑ Legal dispute over Stade coal-fired power station goes into the next round / Greenpeace calls for postponement of further coal-fired power stations and opencast mines . In: presseportal.de . ( presseportal.de [accessed on May 23, 2018]).
- ↑ Gernot Knödler: Stader coal power station before the end: chemical giant without food . In: The daily newspaper: taz . January 30, 2019, ISSN 0931-9085 ( taz.de [accessed December 20, 2019]).
- ↑ See e.g. B. the website of Bündnis Stade sustainable! ( Memento of the original from August 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on July 30, 2014)
- ↑ Deutsche Umwelthilfe: Why the Dow coal-fired power plant project in Stade is neither environmentally nor climate-friendly, nor is there any alternative . Background information on the press conference on February 25, 2013, accessed on July 30, 2014
- ↑ German seaports report stable handling development . In: Schiff & Hafen , issue 4/2018, pp. 32–36, here p. 34
- ^ Peter Kleinort: Economic reconstruction weighs on ports . In: Daily port report of February 28, 2017, p. 3
- ↑ Lower Saxony invests in its ports . In: Hansa , issue 4/2016, p. 92/93
- ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Ports want to grow sustainably . In: Daily port report of February 17, 2015, p. 3
- ↑ Different development of the turnover figures. Balance 2012 . In: Schiff & Hafen , issue 5/2013, pp. 16/18, Seehafen-Verlag, Hamburg 2013, ISSN 0938-1643
- ↑ Malte Daniljuk: "Weltpolitik in Norddeutschland" Telepolis from October 29, 2018
- ↑ Angela Hennersdorf: "The superfluous liquid gas port" Wirtschaftswoche from August 31, 2018
- ↑ "LNG Terminal in Stade (or Wilhelmshaven) torpedoes energy transition and climate protection obligations and generates investment ruin" Open letter dated December 6, 2018
- ↑ [2] Hamburger Abendblatt from September 22, 2009
- ^ Website of the Stade Volunteer Fire Brigade
- ^ German Red Cross: Home. April 8, 2018, accessed June 8, 2019 .
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