berth
Berth in shipping refers to a place in the port or on the shore where watercraft are temporarily or permanently anchored or moored .
Water berth
A water mooring is located on a dock , a floating dock , a jetty , a pier , a quay or on a pier . It serves as a permanent location for a ship (fixed berth) or loading of cargo , while the jetty is used to accommodate passengers.
Land berth
An area or a hall where ships are stored and protected from the weather in winter, when temporarily not in use or for repairs, serves as a land berth, winter berth or dry berth. The ships are pulled out of the water on a boat trailer with a towing vehicle over a ramp ( slipping ) or with a cable winch on rails or lifted out of the water with a crane ( travel lift , truck crane, harbor crane) and later brought back to the water. So that the boats stand safely on land without a boat trailer, they are placed on a bearing block or underlaid with "pallet wood" and supported ( impact ).
In shipyards newly built ships after completion in the hall are often at a country berth ( Helling equipped done) before they are launched. The rigging is then set up in the water (the ship is " rigged ") before the ship can set off on its maiden voyage .
Beach mooring
Ships are simply pulled onto the beach. But that only works on flat coasts. This type of berth is still widespread in emerging countries today. In tidal waters , ships can be driven to the beach or port during high tide and then stand on their own keel when the tide is low ( dry traps ).
Boathouse
The boathouse stands on the bank and is built over the water. It serves as a "garage" for ships. In order to protect the ships from wave movements, they are lifted out of the water with a crane and then hang floating in the lifting straps under the roof. The boathouse is open on the water side or closed with a wing or roller door.
Dinghies, kayaks, row boats and surfboards are also stored in a boathouse.