Cuxhaven

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Cuxhaven
Cuxhaven
Map of Germany, position of the city of Cuxhaven highlighted

Coordinates: 53 ° 52 '  N , 8 ° 42'  E

Basic data
State : Lower Saxony
County : Cuxhaven
Height : 2 m above sea level NHN
Area : 161.92 km 2
Residents: 48,164 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 297 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 27472, 27474, 27476, 27478
Primaries : 04721, 04722, 04723, 04724
License plate : CUX
Community key : 03 3 52 011
LOCODE : DE CUX
City structure: 12 districts

City administration address : 		Rathausplatz 1
27472 Cuxhaven
Website : www.cuxhaven.de
Lord Mayor : Uwe Santjer ( SPD )
Location of the city of Cuxhaven in the district of Cuxhaven
Nordsee Schleswig-Holstein Bremerhaven Landkreis Osterholz Landkreis Rotenburg (Wümme) Landkreis Stade Landkreis Wesermarsch Armstorf Armstorf Belum Beverstedt Bülkau Cadenberge Cuxhaven Geestland Hagen im Bremischen Hechthausen Hemmoor Hollnseth Ihlienworth Lamstedt Loxstedt Mittelstenahe Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln) Neuhaus (Oste) Nordleda Oberndorf (Oste) Odisheim Osten (Oste) Osterbruch Otterndorf Schiffdorf Steinau (Niedersachsen) Stinstedt Stinstedt Wanna Wingst Wurster Nordseeküstemap
About this picture
The Kugelbake : Old sea mark and symbol of the city

Cuxhaven [ ˌkʊksˈhaːfn̩ ] ( Low German Cuxhoben ) is a city at the mouth of the Elbe into the North Sea . It is the district town of the district of the same name in Lower Saxony and, according to its population, is one of the large independent cities according to the Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Act . At the same time, after Wilhelmshaven and Emden, it is the third largest city on the North Sea coast of Lower Saxony and the largest German seaside spa . The city belongs to the metropolitan regions of Northwest and Hamburg and, according to the state development plan, is a medium-sized center .

The fishing port of Cuxhaven is one of the largest fishing ports in Germany. Until the end of 2008, the ship reporting station for Hamburg and the Kiel Canal was located here . The health resort and tourism are of great economic importance in the North Sea health resort of Cuxhaven .

The port settlement of Cuxhaven and the Ritzebüttel office , which was in what is now the area of ​​the city of Cuxhaven, belonged to Hamburg from the 13th century to 1937 . The then more important and larger Ritzebüttel and Cuxhaven merged in 1872 to form Cuxhaven. To the north-west of Cuxhaven, in the Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park, lies the North Sea island of Neuwerk, which belongs to Hamburg, with the neighboring islands of Nigehörn and Scharhörn .

The landmark of Cuxhaven is the Kugelbake . The wooden navigation mark marks the transition from the Lower Elbe to the Outer Elbe at the mouth of the Elbe, and thus the border for inland shipping . It is also the motif of the city's coat of arms .

geography

View from the North Sea, with a long sandy beach
View from the North Sea, with "Kugelbake" on the left on the headland
The spa areas
Cuxhaven with Elbe, Schleswig-Holstein in the background

location

Cuxhaven is located on the northern tip of Lower Saxony and is surrounded by water on two sides. The northernmost point of Lower Saxony is located in the district of Döse. This geographical location gives the city a special attraction for tourism , but also gives it special problems with regard to the economic connection to the hinterland.

The highest point in the city is the Altenwalder Höhe ( 37.5  m above sea  level ); former location of Altenwalder Castle on an old Saxon burial ground .

Due to the peripheral location and the historical affiliation of the city to Hamburg , two economic focal points developed: fishing and tourism . In addition to the core city, Cuxhaven includes a number of incorporated villages that are spread over a comparatively large area. While the port developed from the old Cuxhaven center around the Lotsenviertel and Ritzebüttel Castle , the health resorts of Döse , Duhnen and Sahlenburg , which are located to the west of this center and belong to the urban area, form the focus of tourism.

City structure

Neighboring communities

Neuwerk district
( Hamburg )
Neighboring communities Otterndorf
( joint municipality of Land Hadeln )
Wurster North Sea Coast Neuenkirchen
(Samtgemeinde Land Hadeln)
Nordleda
(Samtgemeinde Land Hadeln)
Wanna
(Samtgemeinde Land Hadeln)

history

Office Ritzebüttel of the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg 1815–1937
City map of Cuxhaven, 1910
Ships in the harbor, 1928
The Kugelbake, 1880

Place name

The name Cuxhaven , which was handed down only late , is traditionally traced back to the Low German word koog, "dyed-in land". However, the historical forms of name such as Kuckshafen (1570), Kukeshaven (1577) and Kuxhaven (1594) - Koogshaven did not appear until around 1700 - whose -u- and -k- hardly allow such a derivation , speak against this. The defining word is therefore based on Germanic * kuk- from Indo-European * gug- "ball, hump, hill"; The name given to it is likely to have been the elevated location on the alluvial shore. It is also questionable whether the basic word actually contains “port”; A reinterpretation from Middle Low German hove "yard, garden, fencing" or Middle Low German hāge (n) "fenced land" is also possible.

middle Ages

While urn finds and an on 4000 BC. A large stone grave dated to the 3rd century BC shows a long history of settlement in the area, the city of Cuxhaven is still relatively young compared to other cities in Germany.

1394 Messrs occurred Lappe the castle Ritzebüttel to Hamburg from. In the following centuries, Ritzebüttel was a Hamburg base against piracy and a haven of protection . In 1530 and 1570 two kays were diked, which were expanded in the 17th century, but were then completely lost again by the Elbe river by 1785.

Development of the urban area

The spots Ritzebüttel was on 4 December 1872, the port settlement Cuxhaven to hamburgischen rural community united Cuxhaven.

Fort Napoleon and Fort du Phare near Cuxhaven were built in 1812 to enforce the continental barrier . After the unification of the empire, Cuxhaven also became important militarily. In 1883 the first naval units were stationed. Fort Kugelbake (1869 and 1879) and Fort Thomsen (1905/08) were supposed to secure the mouth of the Elbe and the access to the new Kiel Canal .

In civil shipping, a system on the Hamburg-America Line was important from 1889 , from which not only liner traffic led across the Atlantic, but also started the world's first cruise on the Augusta Victoria in 1891 .

With the incorporation of Döse (1905) a population of 10,000 was reached. On March 15, 1907, Cuxhaven received city rights (for the history of Ritzebuettel from 1394 to 1937, see there). In 1907 the sea fish market was built according to plans by Friedrich Duge and Duge was a fisheries inspector until 1919.

During the First World War , British air forces flew from makeshift aircraft carriers and, with the support of the Royal Navy , flew the so-called Christmas attack on December 25, 1914 to hit the naval base in Cuxhaven and the airships and hangars at Nordholz Air Base . Due to unfavorable weather and early detection and defense, the damage remained minor.

In 1925, the Cuxhavener Omnibusgesellschaft (COG) was founded by Walter Reineke with its headquarters in the residential and commercial building on Deichstrasse 9 .

In 1922 the housing construction company Cuxhavener Bauhütte was founded by the labor movement . The building hut with its Managing Director Karl Olfers (1888-1968) ( SPD ) built in social housing , many houses with the Cuxhaven formative brick facades.

With the introduction of the Hamburg City Code on January 2, 1924, Cuxhaven left the Ritzebüttel rulership and was thus, together with Hamburg, Geesthacht and Bergedorf, an independent city in the Hamburg state. With the Greater Hamburg Act of 1937, Cuxhaven passed from Hamburg to the Prussian province of Hanover . However, Hamburg retained some rights to the ports. Until January 1, 1993, the Amerika-Hafen and the Steubenhöft were owned by Hamburg, although they belong to the city of Cuxhaven. A district watch of the Hamburg water protection police is still in Cuxhaven. From 1933 to 1945 the district building of the NSDAP with the name Karl-Kaufmann -Haus (Hamburg Gauleiter ) was in the Villa Marienstraße 50 .

In 1969 the islands of Neuwerk and Scharhörn, together with the tidal flats, returned to the ownership of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, which was planning to build a deep-water port there. In return, Lower Saxony received smaller areas for the expansion of the Cuxhaven fishing port . On October 28, 2005, Lower Saxony's Minister of Economic Affairs, Walter Hirche, and Hamburg's Senator for Economic Affairs, Gunnar Uldall, signed the State Treaty on the lifting of the container blocking clause in the Hamburg City Hall . This paved the way for unrestricted further development of the Cuxhaven port.

Between 1945 and 1964 various experimental rocket launches were carried out near Cuxhaven .

Until 1977 Cuxhaven was an independent city; today it belongs to the newly formed district of Cuxhaven and is the seat of the district administration. Its current area of ​​162 km², with approx. 21 km east-west and 14.5 km north-south, the city achieved through numerous incorporations between 1935 and 1972.

The Day of Lower Saxony with more than 300,000 guests took place in 2007 from July 6th to 8th in Cuxhaven.

Incorporations

The rural community of Cuxhaven emerged on December 4, 1872 from the Ritzebüttel area and the port settlement of Cuxhaven. In 1905 Döse was incorporated and Cuxhaven became a town on March 15, 1907.

When the law on the incorporation of the rural communities of Groden, Westerwisch, Süderwisch, Stickenbüttel, Duhnen and Neuwerk with Scharhörn came into force on February 6, 1935, these communities, which at that time also belonged to the State of Hamburg, were assigned to the area of ​​the city of Cuxhaven with effect from March 1, 1935.

The communities Holte-Spangen and Sahlenburg were incorporated on June 1, 1970 and Berensch-Arensch on February 1, 1971. Altenbruch, Altenwalde and Lüdingworth followed on July 1, 1972. All of these incorporated places come from the Landkreis Hadeln .

Population development

Population development of Cuxhaven from 1890 to 2018 according to the table opposite or two values ​​for 1961 and 1970 from the notes
year Residents source
1890 04,905
1910 14,888
1925 17,648
1933 22.094
1939 31,046
1946 42,850
1950 46,861
1956 43,700
1960 43,300
1970 044,564 ¹
year Residents source
1975 60,353 square
1980 58,666 ²
1985 56,504 square
1990 56,090 square meters
1995 55,229²
2000 53,391 square
2005 52,095 square
2010 50,492 square
2015 48,264 square
2019 48,164 square

¹ Census of May 27th without the later incorporated places, with these: 59,642 inhabitants
² as of December 31st

politics

Allocation of seats in the Cuxhaven Council since 2016
1
13
4th
4th
14th
1
3
1 13 4th 4th 14th 1 3 
A total of 40 seats
Cuxhaven town hall

City council

The city ​​council of Cuxhaven consists of 40 members. This is the specified number for a municipality with a population between 40,001 and 50,000. The council is elected for a five-year term in local elections. The current term of office began on November 1, 2016 and ends on October 31, 2021.

The mayor is also entitled to vote in the council.

The last local elections resulted in the following distribution of seats immediately after the election:

Local election CDU SPD The
Cuxhaven 		FDP Green The left Non-attached AfD total
11th September 2016 14th 13 4th 1 4th 1 - 3 40 seats
September 11, 2011 14th 15th 7th 1 4th 1 - - 42 seats
September 10, 2006 16 14th 3 3 3 1 - - 40 seats
0September 9, 2001 19th 16 2 2 2 - 1 - 42 seats

Lord Mayor

The full-time Lord Mayor has been Uwe Santjer (SPD) since November 1, 2019, as the successor to Ulrich Getsch . On May 26, 2019, he won an absolute majority of 51% in the first ballot against Harald Zahrte and Hans-Jürgen Wendt.

coat of arms

Since December 20, 1912, the city of Cuxhaven officially has a city coat of arms. The coat of arms was approved by the landlord for Ritzebüttel, Senator Emil Mumssen in Hamburg, on January 28, 1913.

Coat of arms of Cuxhaven
 Blazon : "The coat of arms of the city shows the black ball beacon , the foot of which is lapped by blue water , in a golden shield coveredwith a wall crown with three battlements ."
Justification for the coat of arms: Klemens Stadler says in his book:

“The waves denote the mouth of the Elbe and the North Sea as well as the great importance of shipping and the fishing industry. The sea mark of the Kugelbake, a scaffolding made of beams, is used for the entrance to the river. It was erected in 1718 and is a local landmark. "

flag

The flag of the city of Cuxhaven is white and red striped lengthways with the city coat of arms in the middle. The colors of the city are white and red.

Town twinning

Since 1987 there has been a twinning with Nuuk , the capital of Greenland. Due to territorial and administrative reform in Nuuk, it was ended in March 2011.

City friendships

Culture and sights

Hapag halls
Water tower
Ringelnatz Museum Cuxhaven
German U-Boat Museum in Altenbruch
Ritzebüttel Castle in Cuxhaven

Monuments, sculptures, fountains

Buildings

Churches

St. Gertrud Church in Döse
Sacred Heart Church
semaphore

Wind semaphore

Alte Liebe and the so-called wind semaphore "B / H" are located at the harbor . This device from 1884 shows the ships going into the North Sea the respective wind directions and strengths on the islands of Borkum "B" and Helgoland "H".

Water tower

The Cuxhaven water tower from 1897, Bahnhofstrasse 11, supplied households with the necessary water pressure until 2004. In 2004 the water tank was taken off the network. As a symbol of the city, the tower has been privately owned since 2013.

Friedrich Clemens Gerke Tower

View from the Friedrich-Clemens-Gerke-Turm

230 m high Friedrich-Clemens-Gerke-Tower from 1991, not publicly accessible telecommunication tower of the Telekom subsidiary Deutsche Funkturm . It is used for directional and mobile radio and, since the 2000s, has been used to broadcast television and radio programs using DVB-T and DAB . A few years later, Radio 21 broadcast the program on the 106.6 MHz frequency.

Transmitter mast Holter Höhe

On the Holter Höhe from 1959 to 1961 the former Deutsche Bundespost built a transmitter mast for radio relay and marine radio services in the VHF range, which started broadcasting on April 1, 1961. In 1963 this transmission mast received a fiber optic cylinder for the broadcasting of the ZDF television program on the top, whereby this mast reached its current height of 119 m.

In 1977, Norddeutsche Rundfunk acquired a plot of land on the post office property and set up transmitters for the first and third television programs as well as VHF radio programs there.

Radio tower in the harbor

In the port area there is a 120 m high radio tower of the Waterways and Shipping Office (WSA), which is designed as a half-timbered construction with a triangular cross-section. This office is responsible, among other things, for the navigation marks in the Outer and Lower Elbe and in the southern part of the Kiel Canal , for the precise positioning of shipwrecks and for the forwarding of related information through printed messages and messages sent by long wave. It also has its own ships, including the Neuwerk .

Memorials

Memorial to the mine clearers

Green spaces and recreation

  • Wadden Sea
  • Sandy and green beach
  • Altenwald heathland
  • Altenwalde public park
  • Altenbruch public park
  • Cuxhaven spa gardens from 1936
  • Castle Park
  • Brockeswalde

Natural monuments

Seals on the Medemgrund,
Cuxhaven in the background

Theaters and museums

  • The Stadttheater Cuxhaven has been operating without its own ensemble since the 1980s. Other theaters are the Döser Speeldeel and the Störtebeker open-air theater .
  • The wind force 10 - Wreck- und Fischereimuseum Cuxhaven is located in the historical area of ​​the fish handling of the fishing port. The challenges and dangers of seafaring are shown on a total area of ​​approx. 4000 m². Using examples, such as a fishing trip by a large deep-sea fishing trawler to Iceland, the cramped accommodation , the decoding work in the radio booth and the hard work on board the fish steamer and the various dangers associated with it are shown. The topic of “sustainable fishing” is also addressed in the museum. Other focal points are sea rescue, the wreckage finds from the North Sea and the Elbe as well as the special exhibition philosophy, especially to address children and young people.
The focus of the fishery is on the one hand the catch, i.e. the history of deep sea fishing with its deep sea vessels to the small cutter fishermen with the smallest "nutshells", on the other hand the subsequent fish processing . The museum also provides information about the rise and fall of Cuxhaven as a fishing location and the connection between fishermen and pilots .
  • The Kugelbake Fort is a historic naval fortress from the second half of the 19th century (a guided tour is only possible). The Störtebeker open-air theater has been taking place here since 2009.
  • The Schneidemühler Heimatstuben show archive material from the town of Schneidemühl in Western Pomerania .
  • The city ​​museum is a collection on the history of shipping , the port and the citizen's military in Ritzebüttel and the civil culture of the 19th century. A journey through time from the Imperial Navy to today's Bundeswehr .
  • The German U-Boat Museum in Altenbruch shows photos, literature and some exhibits on the history of the submarines .
  • The Cuxhaven Art Association is dedicated to its statutes, the development, presentation and promotion of qualified contemporary fine art and their negotiation.
  • The Ritzebüttel Castle , which partly dates from the 14th century, is one of the oldest preserved secular buildings of the North German brick Gothic in the region and is open to visitors today. The castle's defenses were largely demolished over the centuries and can only be seen today as fragments in the castle garden.
  • The Hapag halls are a historic emigration facility in Cuxhaven. They are still occasionally used with the America train station there to handle cruise passengers.
  • The Mayor O'Swald II was the last manned lightship in the Elbe estuary ( Elbe 1 ) . Since the ship is still seaworthy, it sails on invitations with guests to various festivals on the North Sea coast. If desired, the small officers' mess can also be used as a registry office.
  • The Hermione is a gaff schooner built in 1904. It is the only specimen of this type that has survived entirely from wood in Germany. It stands as a maritime monument on the Schleusenpriel and can be viewed from the outside.

music

At home in Cuxhaven are u. a. the Cuxhaven Shanty chorus, the Cuxhaven pilot chorus , the Sohl'nborger Büttpedder and the sailor chorus Elbe 1 . All choirs perform regularly at spa concerts in summer.

The Deichbrand rock festival has been held in Cuxhaven every year since 2005 .

Regular events

Due to the health resort there are numerous events in Cuxhaven that take place every year:

Culinary specialties

The culinary specialties include the North Sea crabs, which must first be peeled, as well as various types of fish that are fished in the North Sea and are sold both fresh and smoked, such as mackerel , cod , haddock , whiting , saithe , plaice , anglerfish and Tongues .

Infrastructure

District court Cuxhaven

Public facilities

education

Vocational schools

  • Cuxhaven vocational schools

High schools

Realschulen

  • Geschwister-Scholl-Schule Altenwalde
  • Realschule Cuxhaven

Secondary schools

  • Altenbruch School
  • Bleick School
  • Döser school
  • Süderwisch School

Elementary schools

  • Abendroth School
  • Altenbruch School
  • Döser school
  • Franzenburg School
  • Gorch Fock School
  • Groden school
  • Lüdingworther School
  • Manfred Pelka School
  • Ritzebüttler School
  • Sahlenburg School
  • Süderwisch School

Special schools

  • School by the sea (focus on intellectual development)
  • Wichernschule

Technical schools

Other schools, study centers and seminars

Sports

Sports facilities (selection)

  • Stadium arena for 6000 spectators and
  • Hermann-Allmers-Halle , both Hermann-Allmers-Straße
  • Strichweg Stadium
  • Sports field at the Groden school
  • Beethovenallee indoor swimming pool
  • Beethovenallee circular gym
  • Abendroth School sports halls
  • Bleickenschule sports halls
  • Lüdingworther school sports halls
  • Sports halls at the Süderwisch School
  • VGH Stadion am Meer , Center Court

General events

  • Until 2011, the EWE Athletics took place regularly in the summer , in which athletes from all over the world took part. Some World Cup and DM qualifications were decided in Cuxhaven.
  • Since 2007, the Sparkassen City Marathon Cuxhaven has taken place annually on the last weekend in March or first April . Start and finish are on Kaemmerer Platz . In addition to the marathon distance, the half marathon and the 10 km run are on offer. A children's run is offered for young runners.
  • The beach events are well known . Every weekend there is a different sport. Beach volleyball, soccer, handball, basketball and rugby are all played. For several years now, the DM in beach basketball and beach handball has been taking place in Cuxhaven, and in 2006 even the EM. All sports are played on the center court and the nine other fields on the beach, the stadium by the sea .

Clubs (selection)

View from the Watt near Duhnen to the Friedrich-Clemens-Gerke-Tower

Duhner Wadden Race In Duhnen there has been a regular horse race on the mudflat with 30,000 to 40,000 spectators on a Sunday when the water is low in summer (July / August) for over 100 years . The races are accompanied by a colorful program of events. Its highlights include parachute jumps, often by paratroopers of the Bundeswehr, the overflight of the aircraft of Naval Aviation Squadron 3 "Graf Zeppelin" and the presentation of the stallions from the Lower Saxony State Stud Celle.

Fishing waters

Economy and Transport

Offshore wind energy test field in Cuxhaven

Companies

Due to its location at the mouth of the Elbe, Cuxhaven is the location for handling, storage and logistics companies as well as for an offshore base port (wind energy).

There are several important industrial companies in Cuxhaven, such as PNE WIND AG founded in 1995 (before 2009 it was called Plambeck Neue Energien AG ), numerous tourism companies and companies in and around the fishing port of Cuxhaven (e.g. the sea fish market).

The expansion to an offshore base for wind energy is seen as an opportunity to economically strengthen the location of Cuxhaven and the surrounding area. In the eastern part of the port there is a heavy-duty platform for the handling of completely assembled offshore systems or components. In the offshore wind energy test field on the Elbe, wind turbine prototypes are tested and certified. In 2017, Siemens Gamesa had a wind turbine plant built with a large production hall (360 × 160 meters) and an office building on the Elbe in which turbines for offshore wind turbines with an output of up to 8 MW are produced.

In the Cuxhaven area with its high production of wind energy , research is being carried out into the control of power grids with a high proportion of renewable energies as part of the “eTelligence” model .

The fishing port at the fish market
A shrimp cutter returns

The origins of tourism go back to the year 1816, when the then mayor Amandus Abendroth founded a seaside resort in Cuxhaven . Since 1964, Cuxhaven has been a state-approved seaside spa and center of the Cuxland holiday region . With over three million overnight stays a year, Cuxhaven is now one of the top health resorts in Germany. The city-owned Nordseeheilbad Cuxhaven GmbH (formerly: Kurverwaltung), which is based in the house of the spa administration in Duhnen, is responsible for handling the spa operation . Due to the tourism facilities, sports and leisure facilities and the city's cultural commitment, the quality of leisure and living for residents and visitors is relatively high.

On 13 March 1973, the North Sea spa replacing a previously as a mascot used Mermaid by the developed by local graphic designer Kurt Moldenhauer "January Cux". This is a blonde cartoon character in a blue sailor suit. In July 1973 a female counterpart named "Cuxi" was added to this figure, who is also blonde, but drawn in a red suit. Around 250,000 mascot stickers are printed and distributed every year.

In Cuxhaven, the tourism and spa areas are clearly separated from industrial areas. The main focus of tourism is to be found in the west of the city in the three health resorts of Döse, Duhnen and Sahlenburg, which belong to Cuxhaven. The beach area there is a tourist tax . In addition, there are tourist facilities in the core city of Cuxhaven, especially in the Grimmershörn area, the pilot district and in Ritzebüttel. In the Duhnen spa district is the “Ahoi!” Adventure pool, which was created through the renovation and expansion of the seawater surf pool built in the 1970s.

Beginning of Nordersteinstrasse , a shopping street in the center of Cuxhaven

In terms of regional spatial planning, Cuxhaven takes on a significance that goes beyond the function of a conventional medium- sized center .

Due to the ongoing economic structural change, which was exacerbated by the decline in the fishing industry and the major downsizing of the Bundeswehr location, Cuxhaven is in debt to over 330 million euros in 2015; In 2014 it had the highest per capita debt of a municipality in Lower Saxony.

The city of Cuxhaven is to receive a total of 187.5 million euros in debt relief from the solidarity fund, which is funded jointly by the municipalities and the state, to stabilize financially weak municipalities. This is the largest single amount that the State of Lower Saxony has paid out of the debt relief fund to date.

Port and maritime facilities

Aerial view of the port facilities in Cuxhaven with the American port, the new and old fishing port , the city marina and the sluice channel
View over the water,
the television tower in the background
View of the harbor as seen from the Kugelbake. The big tower is the transmission tower of the Waterways and Shipping Office.
The radar tower as a port control tower
The new CuxPort seen from the west

The fishing industry in Cuxhaven can look back on a long tradition. After small beginnings in 1885, the fishing port was founded in 1908 . Alongside Bremerhaven , Cuxhaven has remained an important fishing location in Germany to this day. Despite the decline in fishing, 35 fish processing companies with around 1000 employees are based in Cuxhaven. In addition to a small fleet of shrimp cutters that are used near the coast, the trawlers of the DFFU (Deutsche Fischfang-Union) used in large-scale deep-sea fishing operate from Cuxhaven, as well as the deep-sea- capable cutters of the Cutterfish Center (small deep-sea fishing).

The Steubenhöft is a pier in Cuxhaven. The facility (with the Hapag halls ), which was originally built for emigrant traffic, is used today. a. Cruise ships as a landing stage and has a RoRo facility. The Amerika-Bahnhof located here has its own siding to the railway network.

The old fishing port was sold to Cuxhavener Plambeck Holding by the Lower Saxony port operator Niedersachsen Ports at the beginning of 2017 . It was ensured that 400 m of quays at the Nordseekai are still supplied with electricity and are available for shrimp cutters. This port area is to be used for tourism and gastronomic purposes and expanded in the following years.

The deep-water port of Cuxport , which was put into operation in 1997, is very important for the further economic development of the city of Cuxhaven and its surrounding area . The area of ​​the new port belonged to the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg until 1993. Only after long and tough negotiations with the Hamburg residents did this area become the property of the state of Lower Saxony, which then invested around 140 million euros in the construction of the new port facilities. The operator was CuxPort Seehafen-Dienstleistungs GmbH , which was formed from part of the Seefischmarkt Cuxhaven GmbH . The multi-purpose terminal in Cuxhaven is currently operated by the renamed Cuxport GmbH , a subsidiary of Rhenus AG & Co. KG (74.9%) and the Hamburg-based HHLA (25.1%).

The main businesses are RoRo transports , new vehicle storage and shipping, container handling and the storage and handling of system components for offshore wind farms . Large components such as tower sections, rotor blades and machine houses for wind turbines on land are also handled.

In 2019, around 2.7 million tonnes of goods were handled by sea ​​transport (2017: 2.59 million t, 2016: 2.84 million t, 2015: 2.64 million t, 2014: 2.7 million t, 2013 : 2.65 million t, 2012: 2.8 million t, and 2011: 3.1 million t). The area of offshore infrastructure has been greatly expanded in recent years , for which the port in the eastern area has been expanded.

The ferry traffic to Heligoland - both passenger and commercial traffic - takes place from its own terminal.

The rescue cruiser Anneliese Kramer of the German Society for Rescue of Shipwrecked People (DGzRS) is stationed in the ferry port .

traffic

Transport network in Cuxhaven
Cuxhaven railway station

The Cuxhaven railway station is on the Bremerhaven-Cuxhaven railway with railcars of EVB ( Nordseebahn , daily at 1-hour intervals) and from the direction of Hamburg via Stade and Hemmoor on the Lower Elbe Railway with trains of the public transport company start Unterelbe mbH to achieve (the same clock).

After Cuxhaven which leads from Bremen-Bremerhaven motorway A 27 , from the direction of Hamburg the national road B 73 . Cuxhaven was the starting point of Reichsstraße 6 via Dresden to Silesia , the later B 6 .

About ten kilometers south of Cuxhaven is the Nordholz Air Base in the municipality of Nordholz . The district of Cuxhaven is an indirect shareholder of the Sea-Airport Cuxhaven / Nordholz, which is located here .

Until the beginning of November 2005, the last only ferry connection from Germany in the North Sea was a ferry to Harwich in England . The already mentioned ferry to Helgoland also runs from Cuxhaven.

From 1969 to 1981 and from 1999 to 2001 and from 2015 to 2017 there was a ferry connection from Cuxhaven to the northern bank of the Elbe to Brunsbüttel . Thereafter, there were several attempts to re-establish this Elbe ferry, but so far (summer 2019) they have not had any lasting success.

From July 6 to August 2, 1914, there was a tram in Cuxhaven , the so-called " Kanonenbahn ", between the train station and Fort Kugelbake . Today Cuxhaven is the starting point for regional buses . City transport is handled by several city ​​bus routes operated by the transport companies KVG and Maass Reisen .

The Flixbus company operates a long-distance bus route from Cuxhaven to Berlin (via Beverstedt, Bremervörde, Stade and Hamburg).

Wikipedia article on streets in Cuxhaven : Abendrothstraße , Altenwalder Chaussee , Am Seedeich , Beethovenallee , Deichstraße , Gorch-Fock-Straße , Große Hardewiek , Konrad-Adenauer-Allee , Nordersteinstraße , Papenstraße , Poststraße , Rathausstraße , Schillerstraße , Steinmarner Straße , Strichweg and Südersteinstraße

media

In Cuxhaven, the Cuxhavener Nachrichten appears , which, like the Niederelbe-Zeitung , which appears in neighboring Otterndorf , is published by the Cuxhaven-Niederelbe-Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co KG . Both newspapers get their coat from the editorial group Nordsee , which has its seat in the publishing house of the Bremerhaven Nordsee-Zeitung .

The Hamburger Abendblatt is also read in Cuxhaven. The free advertising papers Cuxhaven Kurier for the city of Cuxhaven and Nordholz and Hadler Kurier for the combined municipalities of Land Hadeln , Hemmoor and Börde Lamstedt have been available since November 2014 and have also been published on weekends on Sundays since November 2014 . Since 1995 there has also been the free advertising paper Elbe Weser aktuell (EWA), which is distributed regularly on Wednesdays and since October 2014 also on Saturdays as EWAs weekend throughout the northern part of the district of Cuxhaven.

All Lower Saxony, Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein programs of the NDR are received in Cuxhaven . Radio Bremen's radio programs also report on Cuxhaven and are easy to receive. You can also receive the private broadcasters Hitradio Antenne , Radio ffn , Radio 21 , Radio Hamburg , Alsterradio , Radio Schleswig-Holstein (RSH), Delta Radio and Energy Bremen .

Personalities

Honorary citizen

The honorary citizenship is the highest appreciation of the city Cuxhaven. The city has awarded the following people:

As a further award, the city awards the so-called ring of honor. After honorary citizenship, it is the second highest award given by the city of Cuxhaven.

sons and daughters of the town

Persons connected to Cuxhaven

Myths and legends

  • The mermaid and the knight
  • The old love
  • Annegret and Enno
  • The devil in the Elbe
  • From the golden coffin in the Franzenburg
  • The hammer in Lüdingworth
  • Bumann buoy
  • About the devil in the robe
  • The black animal in Lüdingworth
  • The two spiers of Altenbruch
  • The altar shrine at Altenbruch
  • From the tithe freedom of the western part in Altenbruch
  • From the origin of the name Poitlang Teil
  • The strong goos
  • The beggar's curse
  • The goblins by the fireplace
  • The banned thief
  • The skull in the warning sack mill
  • The old man in Westermoor

(Source under :)

literature

  • Fritz Hörmann, Ude Meyer, Christian Morisse, Eberhard Nehring, Irmgard Seghorn, Egon Stuve, Else Syassen: Wesermünde field names collection - the field names of the property tax cadastre from 1876 . Ed .: Kulturstiftung der Kreissparkasse Wesermünde (=  new series of special publications by the men from Morgenstern , Heimatbund an Elb- und Wesermuende eV Volume 27 ). Men from Morgenstern Verlag, Bremerhaven 1995, ISBN 3-931771-27-X , p. 5 ([ digital copy ( memento from October 26, 2007 in the Internet Archive )] [PDF; 431 kB ; accessed on October 23, 2019]).
  • Förderverein Cuxhaven e. V., Hans-Heinrich Eilers (Ed.): Cuxhaven - A city in the year of its anniversary in 2007 . Vechtaer Druckerei und Verlag, Vechta 2007, ISBN 978-3-88441-237-4 .
  • Ulf-Thomas Lesle , Nik Schumann: Cuxhaven. Stadt achter'n Diek: coastal landscape, dyke construction and a large river through the ages . 2nd Edition. Rauschenplat Verlag, Cuxhaven 2014, ISBN 978-3-935519-96-0 .
  • Publications in the Niederdeutschen Heimatblatt
    • Peter Bussler: " Metal donation of the German people ." Efforts to preserve important cultural assets for the Cuxhaven Museum of Local History . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 790 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven October 2015, p. 2–3 ( digitized version [PDF; 1.3 MB ; accessed on August 2, 2020]).
    • Peter Bussler: Young art bookbinder designed the Golden Book. 80 years ago the city of Cuxhaven received its first golden book . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 791 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven November 2015, p. 3 ( digital version [PDF; 1.5 MB ; accessed on September 11, 2019]).
    • Kurt Eisermann: Accommodation for women workers in the fishing industry. Forty years ago the women's home in Cuxhaven was closed . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 792 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven December 2015, p. 2–3 ( digitized version [PDF; 2.2 MB ; accessed on September 10, 2019]).
    • Peter Bussler: Cuxhaven became a seaside resort 200 years ago. The Göttingen philosopher Georg Christoph Lichtenberg gave the suggestion . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 798 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven June 2016, p. 1–2 ( digitized version [PDF; 5.8 MB ; accessed on July 27, 2019]).
    • Harald Focke : Severe fire ends Hanseatic's career. A defective fuel line was the undoing of the Cuxhaven liner in New York . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 800 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven August 2016, p. 1–2 ( digitized version [PDF; 7.2 MB ; accessed on July 23, 2019]).
    • Peter Bussler: An early point of contact for bathers. The former "Schifferhaus" at the old port . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 804 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven December 2016, p. 2–3 ( digitized version [PDF; 1,2 MB ; accessed on July 20, 2019]).
    • Peter Bussler: Night watchman in the Ritzebüttel office and in Cuxhaven. Amtmann Abendroth created night watchman book for Cuxhaven in 1816 . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 808 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven April 2017, p. 2–3 ( digitized version [PDF; 5.9 MB ; accessed on July 16, 2019]).
    • Peter Bussler: About the hardship of the "Schillschepper". Shell limestone distilleries used to be part of the landscape . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 812 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven August 2017, p. 1–2 ( digital version [PDF; 8.1 MB ; accessed on July 13, 2019]).
    • Kurt Eisermann: Everyday life under the workers 'and soldiers' council. The November Revolution in Cuxhaven and its effects . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 827 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven November 2018, p. 3–4 ( digitized version [PDF; 4.3 MB ; accessed on July 5, 2019]).
    • Peter Bussler: The Unterelbesche Railway Harburg – Stade – Cuxhaven. Ceremonial opening of the Cuxhaven railway connection in 1881 . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 840 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven December 2019, p. 1–2 ( digitized version [PDF; 4.0 MB ; accessed on January 7, 2020]).
    • Jessica Lütge, Hans Hochfeld: Cuxhaven public station. A station building and its renaissance . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 840 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven December 2019, p. 2–3 ( digitized version [PDF; 4.0 MB ; accessed on January 7, 2020]).
    • Kurt Eisermann: The Kapp Putsch in March 1920 in Berlin. Its effects in Cuxhaven and in the local press . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 843 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven March 2020, p. 3–4 ( digitized version [PDF; 5.9 MB ; accessed on August 1, 2020]).

Web links

Commons : Cuxhaven  - Collection of Images
Wikivoyage: Cuxhaven  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019  ( help ).
  2. ^ Karl-Ernst Behre : Landscape history of Northern Germany: Environment and settlement from the Stone Age to the present . Wachholtz Verlag , Kiel 2008, ISBN 3-529-02499-6 , pp.  116 .
  3. ^ Manfred Niemeyer (ed.): German book of place names . De Gruyter Verlag , Berlin / Boston 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-018908-7 , pp. 116 .
  4. ↑ Fort Napoleon. In: Website Stadtwiki Cuxhaven / cuxpedia. Retrieved November 18, 2019 .
  5. ^ Constitution of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. (No longer available online.) In: verfassungen.de. Archived from the original on May 1, 2018 ; accessed on June 30, 2019 .
  6. ^ Law on Greater Hamburg and other area adjustments. Art. 1 (RGBl. 1937 I p. 91). In: verfassungen.de. January 26, 1937, archived from the original on September 6, 2017 ; accessed on October 15, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Law on the State Treaty with the State of Lower Saxony on the reorganization of the legal relationships in Cuxhaven and in the area of ​​the Elbe estuary. From October 3, 1961, ratified on October 5, 1962, entered into force on October 1, 1969. In: Lower Saxony Regulation Information System (NI-VORIS). Retrieved June 30, 2019 .
  8. ^ Day of Lower Saxony 2007. (No longer available online.) In: Website City of Cuxhaven. Archived from the original on October 24, 2007 ; accessed on June 30, 2019 .
  9. ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 241 .
  10. ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City and district of Cuxhaven ( see under: a) City of Cuxhaven ). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  11. ^ Ulrich Schubert: Municipal directory Germany 1900 - Landherrenschaft Ritzebüttel. Information from December 1, 1910. In: gemeindeververzeichnis.de. January 5, 2020, accessed February 19, 2020 .
  12. ↑ Statistisches Bundesamt Wiesbaden (Ed.): Official municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany - 1957 edition (population and territorial status September 25, 1956, for Saarland December 31, 1956) . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1958, p.  186 ( digitized version ).
  13. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j community directory - archive - regional structure - annual editions - Lower Saxony. (All politically independent municipalities in EXCEL format). In: Destatis website. Federal Statistical Office, accessed on October 23, 2019 .
  14. ^ Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law (NKomVG); Section 46 - Number of Deputies. In: Lower Saxony Regulations Information System (NI-VORIS). December 17, 2010, accessed June 30, 2019 .
  15. ^ Election results for local elections 2016. In: cuxhaven.ftp.citywerk.net. Retrieved September 12, 2016 .
  16. ^ Inga Hansen: Cuxhaven: New Lord Mayor takes office. In: nord24.de. November 1, 2019, accessed February 19, 2020 .
  17. ↑ Uwe Santjer elected in Cuxhaven for OB. In: Website Norddeutscher Rundfunk. May 26, 2019, accessed February 19, 2020 .
  18. ↑ a b main statute. (PDF; 158 kB) § 2; National emblem, official seal. In: Website City of Cuxhaven. May 2, 2013, p. 1 , accessed June 30, 2019 .
  19. ↑ City arms. In: Website Stadtwiki Cuxhaven / Cuxpedia. Retrieved June 30, 2019 .
  20. ↑ Klemens Stadler : German coat of arms Federal Republic of Germany . The municipal coats of arms of the federal states of Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein. tape  5 . Angelsachsen-Verlag, Bremen 1970, p. 32 .
  21. ↑ City history. In: Website City of Cuxhaven. Retrieved June 30, 2019 .
  22. ↑ U. Veit, A. Wendowski-Schünemann: 20 Sahlenburg FStNr. 18, Gde. City of Cuxhaven, Ldkr. Cuxhaven . In: Henning Haßmann, Hildegard Nelson (ed.): Fundchronik Niedersachsen 2014 (=  news from Lower Saxony's prehistory . Supplement 19). Konrad Theiss Verlag , Stuttgart 2016, ISBN 3-8062-3308-X , p. 25-27 .
  23. ^ Martinsgemeinde Cuxhaven Ritzebüttel. In: Website Cuxhavener Martinskirche. Retrieved June 30, 2019 .
  24. ↑ About us. In: Website of the Cuxhaven Waterways and Shipping Office . Retrieved June 30, 2019 .
  25. ↑ Theaters and cinemas in the district of Cuxhaven ( Memento from April 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  26. ↑ a b Cuxhaven City Savings Banks Marathon. In: Website Cuxhaven Marathon. Retrieved June 30, 2019 .
  27. ↑ Together for the German coast - the maritime security center officially opened after four years of construction . In: Daily port report . DVV Media Group Verlag, February 10, 2017, ISSN 2190-8753 , p.   16 .
  28. ↑ Duhner Wattrennen. In: Website Nordseeheilbad Duhnen. Retrieved June 30, 2019 .
  29. ^ Offshore plant in Cuxhaven under construction . In: Ship & Harbor . Issue 9/2016. DVV Media Group Verlag, 2016, ISSN 0938-1643 , p.   17 .
  30. ↑ Wolfhart Fabarius: Start in Cuxhaven · Siemens-Gamesa inaugurates production facility · Offshore turbines of the 7 and 8 MW generation . In: Daily port report . DVV Media Group Verlag, June 5, 2018, ISSN  2190-8753 , p. 3 .
  31. ↑ eTelligence - intelligence for energy, markets and networks. (No longer available online.) In: etelligence.de. Archived from the original on March 19, 2008 ; accessed on June 30, 2019 .
  32. ↑ Hanover approves budget. In: Website Cuxhavener Nachrichten . April 17, 2015, accessed June 30, 2019 .
  33. ↑ Janet Binder: Deep in the red: Cuxhaven is hoping for debt relief. In: Website Hamburger Abendblatt . August 21, 2014, accessed June 30, 2019 .
  34. ↑ 187.5 million euros debt relief aid for Cuxhaven: Debt relief commission endorses applications for stabilization aid. In: mi.niedersachsen.de. Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior and Sport , accessed on July 6, 2016 .
  35. ↑ Peter Kleinort: New perspective for the old fishing port . In: Daily port report . DVV Media Group Verlag, January 4, 2017, ISSN  2190-8753 , p. 2 .
  36. ↑ Cuxport - The specialist for RoRo . In: Daily port report . DVV Media Group Verlag, July 19, 2012, ISSN 2190-8753 , p.   15 .
  37. ↑ Handling of over 1500 Vestas systems. In: Website Cuxhavener Nachrichten . April 1, 2017, accessed August 2, 2017 .
  38. ^ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Lower Saxony's ports are growing . In: Daily port report . DVV Media Group Verlag, February 13, 2020, ISSN  2190-8753 , p. 1 .
  39. ↑ German seaports report stable handling development . In: Ship & Harbor . Issue 4/2018. DVV Media Group Verlag, 2018, ISSN 0938-1643 , p.   34 .
  40. ^ Peter Kleinort: Economic reconstruction weighs on ports . In: Daily port report . DVV Media Group Verlag, February 28, 2017, ISSN  2190-8753 , p. 3 .
  41. ↑ Frank Binder: Emden: New record for car handling . In: Daily port report . DVV Media Group Verlag, February 16, 2016, ISSN  2190-8753 , p. 3 .
  42. ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Ports want to grow sustainably . In: Daily port report . DVV Media Group Verlag, February 17, 2015, ISSN  2190-8753 , p. 3 .
  43. ↑ Differentiated picture in the development of the envelope . In: Ship & Harbor . Issue 4/2014. DVV Media Group Verlag, 2014, ISSN 0938-1643 , p.   46 .
  44. ↑ Different development of the turnover figures, balance sheet 2012 . In: Ship & Harbor . Issue 5/2013. DVV Media Group Verlag, 2013, ISSN 0938-1643 , p.   16-17 .
  45. ↑ Balance sheet of the German seaports 2011 . In: Hansa . Issue 4/2012. Schiffahrts-Verlag Hansa , 2012, ISSN 0017-7504 , p.   77-81 .
  46. ↑ Teams and stations - Cuxhaven. In: Website of the German Society for the Rescue of Shipwrecked People (DGzRS). Retrieved June 30, 2019 .
  47. ↑ New call for Elbe ferry planned between Brunsbüttel and Cuxhaven. In: Website Verkehrsrundschau. November 26, 2018, accessed February 19, 2020 .
  48. ^ Robert Dohrmann. In: Website Stadtwiki Cuxhaven / Cuxpedia. Retrieved June 30, 2019 .
  49. ^ Minister a. D. Walter Hirche receives the ring of honor from the city of Cuxhaven. In: Website City of Cuxhaven. March 15, 2010, accessed June 30, 2019 .
  50. ↑ Kohfahl, Meinhard. In: Website Stadtwiki Cuxhaven / cuxpedia. Retrieved August 14, 2020 .
  51. ↑ Rolf Geffken : “I'll never be a Nazi!” In 1940, the Cuxhaven captain Karl Alexander was murdered in the concentration camp . In: Men from Morgenstern , Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No.  813 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven September 2017, p. 3–4 ( digitized version [PDF; 3.4 MB ; accessed on July 13, 2019]).
  52. ↑ Karl Alexander. In: Website Stadtwiki Cuxhaven / Cuxpedia. Retrieved July 13, 2019 .
  53. ↑ Peter Bussler: Builder of the model of Ritzebüttel Castle. The Cuxhaven graphic artist Conrad Hermann Eduard Klemke . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 834 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven June 2019, p. 1–2 ( digitized version [PDF; 9.2 MB ; accessed on June 30, 2019]).
  54. ↑ Eberhard Michael Iba (Ed.): Hake Betken siene Duven. The saga of the Elbe and Weser estuaries (=  special publications by the men from Morgenstern , Heimatbund at the Elbe and Weser estuaries . Volume 16 ). 3. Edition. Men from Morgenstern Verlag, Bremerhaven 1999, ISBN 3-931771-16-4 .