Hemmoor

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Hemmoor
Hemmoor
Map of Germany, location of the city of Hemmoor highlighted

Coordinates: 53 ° 41 ′  N , 9 ° 9 ′  E

Basic data
State : Lower Saxony
County : Cuxhaven
Joint municipality : Hemmoor
Height : 5 m above sea level NHN
Area : 45.08 km 2
Residents: 8663 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 192 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 21745
Area code : 04771
License plate : CUX
Community key : 03 3 52 022
LOCODE : DE HMO
City structure: 6 localities
Association administration address: Rathausplatz 5
21745 Hemmoor
Website : www.hemmoor.de
Mayor : Lasse Weritz ( CDU )
Location of the city of Hemmoor in the district of Cuxhaven
Nordsee Schleswig-Holstein Bremerhaven Landkreis Osterholz Landkreis Rotenburg (Wümme) Landkreis Stade Landkreis Wesermarsch Armstorf Armstorf Belum Beverstedt Bülkau Cadenberge Cuxhaven Geestland Hagen im Bremischen Hechthausen Hemmoor Hollnseth Ihlienworth Lamstedt Loxstedt Mittelstenahe Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln) Neuhaus (Oste) Nordleda Oberndorf (Oste) Odisheim Osten (Oste) Osterbruch Otterndorf Schiffdorf Steinau (Niedersachsen) Stinstedt Stinstedt Wanna Wingst Wurster Nordseeküstemap
About this picture
Roman Catholic Church of Sankt Ansgar

Hemmoor is a small town on the western bank of the Oste in the district of Cuxhaven in Lower Saxony . The city is geographically located between Stade and the district town of Cuxhaven . Hemmoor has about 8700 inhabitants. Together with Osten (Oste) and Hechthausen , it forms the joint municipality of Hemmoor , of which it is the administrative seat.

geography

Geographical location

Hemmoor is on the border between Geest and Oste marsch . The core zone borders on the Oste , which opens the sea route via the Elbe to the North Sea via the port of Schwarzenhütten or via the Kiel Canal to the Baltic Sea.

Neighboring communities

The city of Hemmoor, together with the municipalities of Hechthausen and Osten, forms the joint municipality of Hemmoor .

Hemmoor borders the east , Oberndorf , Wingst , Mittelstenahe , Lamstedt , Hechthausen , Großenwörden ( district of Stade ).

history

prehistory

During the Neolithic Age , several large stone graves were built in the villages of Heeßel , Warstade and Westersode , but they were destroyed in the 19th century. The burial mounds in Postels Busch were a remarkable group of hills from the Bronze Age in the Feldmark near Hemmoor-Westersode.

Hemmoor became known as the place where many brass vessels adorned with animal friezes from around AD 200, which are kept in the Lower Saxony State Museum in Hanover . The city ​​is known among archaeologists for the " Hemmoorer Buckets ", relics of the Roman Empire (1–375 AD).

City rights

Hemmoor emerged in 1968 from the six formerly independent municipalities of Basbeck, Warstade, Hemm, Westersode, Hemmoor and Heeßel . On October 1, 1982, Hemmoor was granted city rights.

Incorporations

On January 1, 1972, an area of ​​the neighboring municipality of Oberndorf with then about 50 inhabitants was reclassified to Hemmoor.

Population development

year 1961 1970 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2016 2017 2018
Residents 7280 7792 7614 7849 8477 8781 8721 8747 8694 8691 8675 8690 8614 8673

(1961 on June 6th, 1970 on May 27th, each census results; from 1987 on each December 31st)

politics

City council

The council of the town of Hemmoor consists of 23 councilors. This is the specified number for the member municipality of a combined municipality with a population between 8,001 and 9,000 inhabitants. The council members are elected for a five-year term by local elections. The current term of office began on November 1, 2016 and ends on October 31, 2021.

The last local election on September 11, 2016 resulted in the following:

Political party Proportional votes Number of seats
CDU 41.10% 9
SPD 37.24% 9
Citizens' forum Hemmoor 11.54% 3
Citizens' Community Hemmoor (BgH) 05.47% 1
Green 04.63% 1

The turnout in the 2016 local elections was 53.47%, below the Lower Saxony average of 55.5%.

mayor

The city council elected council member Lasse Weritz (CDU) as honorary mayor for the current electoral term.

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Hemmoor
 Blazon : “ Divided and split above; in front: in red above silver scales an obliquely left silver wave bar ; behind: a black boiler hook in silver; below:a silver gear in blue . "
Justification of the coat of arms: The scales symbolize the merchant and trading tradition of the place as well as the sense of justice, the wave bar symbolizes the Oste as the dominant waterway; the kettle hook indicates the original rural settlement. The gear symbolizes the local industry.

Town twinning

Sister cities are Couhé (France), Swaffham (Great Britain) and Rüdersdorf near Berlin .

Culture and sights

Technical architectural monument transporter bridge

Transporter bridge in operation

A transporter bridge over the Oste has been providing a connection between the town of Osten (Oste) and the Hemmoor district of Basbeck since 1909. After the transporter bridge - one of two in Germany and eight in the world - was replaced by a road bridge in 1974, it is now available as a technical monument for tourist demonstration trips. In 2004 it was extensively restored. Since April 2006, regular trips to cross the Oste have been offered for pedestrians and cyclists.

Museums

Osteleichter in the cement museum
  • The German Cement Museum in a 73-year-old cement barge from the former Hemmoor cement factory presents exhibits on the history of the cement factory and traditional shipping on the East. The lighter was named No. 3 built by Henry Koch at the shipyard under construction number 253 . At that time it had a load capacity of 185 t, 26.50 m in the CWL and a width of 9.50 m.
  • The house for Hemmoorer history shows, among other things, fossils of the North German Sea 65 million years ago, which were released by the Warstad chalk pit.
  • An open-air museum with technical equipment from the former cement factory (1866 to 1983), once the largest industrial company in the region, is accessible all year round.

Regular events

Coastal Classical Festival 2004
  • Every two years IG Bahnhofstraße organizes a Bahnhofstraße festival in the Basbeck district.
  • Since 2003, the Hemmoorer Seefestspiele have been taking place at his lake in the Heidestrandseebad under the name coastal classic.
  • The Wasserfreunde Hemmoor organize an Oste marathon over 87 kilometers of tidal water every year .

Culturkreis Hemmoor e. V.

The Culturkreis Hemmoor e. V. regularly offers concerts and other cultural events. Over 29 years, more than 70,000 spectators have attended the rock, folklore, classical and literary events.

Kreidesee

The Kreidesee, the old windmill and the Christ Church

The Kreidesee in the Warstade district is the legacy of 117 years of cement production. From 1862 to 1976, chalk was mined here , which was processed in a cement factory right on today's lake. After the end of mining, the pit filled with groundwater . Originally 130 meters deep, the lake was flattened to 60 meters by backfilling rubble and rubble from the original chalk factory, but is still the third deepest body of water in northern Germany and covers around 33  hectares .

As a diving and leisure center, the lake is also internationally known and is a demanding diving area due to the depth, visibility and low water temperature . Fatal diving accidents have already occurred several times, including 2019. The lake can be dived for divers all year round for a fee; a dive center is on site. Carrying a second first stage with a separate regulator is mandatory. In addition to the submerged industrial plant, cars, a sunken sailing boat, a truck and an airplane, a Piper PA-28 , which formerly belonged to the astronaut Alan Shepard , are among the attractions under water .

In the mostly crystal-clear water, different types of trout and salmon are bred, which can also be fished.

Hemmoor sphere

Hemmoor sphere

Hemmoor spheres are stones in the shape of a sphere, which have arisen from sand and calcareous deposits. These spheres were formed around 17 million years ago in the Hemmoorium from the petrification of the sea floor.

During the Ice Age, these deposits were ground into spheres by glacial waters. In the two spheres and a fragment of a sphere exhibited in the Natureum in Balje at the eastern barrier, around 300 different animal species have been detected so far. One bullet, on loan from Mr. Li Lade from Hechthausen, was found in a sand pit in Cadenberge . The fragment of another sphere, a permanent loan from the Lower Saxony State Office for Soil Research in Hanover, was found in the chalk pit in Hemmoor.

tourism

Impressions from the Kreidesee

Hemmoor is located on the German Ferry Road , which was opened in 2004 and is around 250 kilometers long , which leads from Bremervörde to Kiel and whose landmark is the Ost-Hemmoor transporter ferry in the Basbeck district.

The mostly clear, cold Kreidesee Hemmoor is one of the most famous German diving waters and attracts scuba divers all year round . The diving center located at Kreidesee has been awarded several times as the best diving base in the German-speaking area.

Culinary specialties

In the Hemmoor gastronomy, char from the Kreidesee is served. Other specialties include kale , smelt and eel .

Economy and Infrastructure

In the state spatial planning program of Lower Saxony , Hemmoor is defined as the middle center .

World-famous cement from Hemmoor

  • The Portland Cement logo

  • Share of Hemmoor Portland Cement Factory dated April 1928 for RM 1000

  • The statue of a cement worker

  • Formerly cement lighter, today museum lighter "Hemmoor 3"

Chalk , clay and charcoal are mainly used for cement production . Since a large vein ( stratification ) of "writing chalk" came to the surface of the earth in Hemmoor , chalk was mined here for cement production as early as 1866. The clay that was also required for production came from the Westerberg in Lamstedt and the coal for the kilns from the Ruhr area by ship. On the way back, the finished cement was shipped in bulk or in sacks with the barges . There was a narrow-gauge factory railway between the factory and the eastern port in the Schwarzenhütten district. One of the world's largest cement production companies was founded in 1882 when the Portland Cementfabrik Hemmoor was founded . It soon became one of the most important employers of Hemmoor and the entire Elbe-Weser triangle and supplied cement for the new buildings on the Lower Elbe as well as for buildings in the Hanseatic City of Hamburg - u. a. the Chilehaus (1924), the Hotel Atlantic (1909), the Old Elbe Tunnel (1911) - but also the base of the New York Statue of Liberty (1886).

Founding members of the Zement Cultural Foundation from Hemmoor

In the 1960s, the Alsen'sche Portland Cementfabrik from Itzehoe - now part of the Holcim Group - took over the majority of the shares. In 1983 production was shut down because the chalk had to be fetched from a pit that was getting deeper and deeper and it was becoming more and more difficult to secure its edge. The B 73 , which runs directly past this edge, also increasingly posed a safety risk for the dismantling and the adjacent houses. The two tall chimneys visible from afar were demolished as the last parts of the production building, only the administration building on the B 73 is still standing. In addition to a few remaining work and director's houses, the German cement open-air museum opposite the old production facility is a reminder of this era in Hemmoor's history. Streets, squares or paths are named after some personalities from the history of cement production in Hemmoor, the founder of the plant, J. H. Hagenah, the former board member Ewald Marby and the operations manager Kurt Tielmann.

traffic

The city is located at the intersection of federal highways 73 and 495 .

In addition to Hemmoor has Lower Elbe Railway line Hamburg - Cuxhaven a breakpoint . This - still called Basbeck-Osten until 1992 - was completely rebuilt in 2005/2006, mostly during ongoing operations. a. two new side platforms , the switches were removed or shut down and the signaling systems renewed.

With the arrival of the first train (RE 14599) in the direction of Hamburg, the construction work was completed on the morning of July 3, 2006. On the night of that Sunday, the old Ziegelkamp level crossing was closed after the last train (RE 14588) from Hamburg left at 10:30 p.m. and immediately dismantled. At the same time, the new level crossing at Bahnhofstrasse / Otto-Peschel-Strasse went into operation .

From December 2007 to December 2018 the stop was served by the metronom railway company. Since December 2018, the services have been provided by the transport company Start Unterelbe mbh .

On May 11, 2009 at 9:40 am, locomotive 246 006-1 was named Hemmoor.

education

Warstade High School

The Warstade grammar school in Hemmoor was founded in 1946 on the initiative of a school association. From the Oberschule Stade / Warstade branch , today's grammar school developed, which as a school in rural areas is a place of learning for a large catchment area.

At the beginning, the grammar school consisted of two buildings, but was expanded in 1959. 1980 to 1992 the school was expanded again to include a music wing and art rooms. Since the abolition of the orientation level , fifth and sixth graders have also attended grammar school. As a result, another wing is currently being built. Between 1959 and 2007, more than 1,700 high school graduates passed their school leaving exams. Since both students from the district of Stade and from the district of Cuxhaven attend this school, opinions differ on the financing of the two districts. At the moment, the district of Stade only finances the bus trips for the students. He also took part in the expansion of the school once.

The Friends of the Gymnasium Warstade e. V. was founded in 2001. On the one hand, it is intended to maintain contact with former students, but also to support the school directly in projects and services.

At the beginning of the 2005/2006 school year, 870 pupils were taught by 60 teachers, loosened up with a variety of extra-curricular activities (study groups, visits to the theater and museums, school trips, competitions, etc.). As the first school in the Cuxhaven district, the Warstade grammar school has made intensive efforts to save energy .

In June 2016 the music and education center with the Culturkreis Hemmoor e. V. , the music school An Der Oste e. V. and the adult education center in the district of Cuxhaven e. V. opened.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

People connected to the city

Myths and legends

  • The Ostedeich near Hemm
  • The seven oaks

See also

Web links

Commons : Hemmoor  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019  ( help ).
  2. ^ H. Willers, The Roman Bronze Bucket from Hemmoor (1901).
  3. ↑ Law on the amalgamation of the municipalities of Basbeck, Warstade, Westersode, Hemmoor, Hemm and Heeßel, Niedersächsisches Gesetz- und Verordnungsblatt 1968 (No. 12, pp. 90-91)
  4. ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 243 .
  5. ↑ LSKN-Online
  6. ^ Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law (NKomVG) in the version of December 17, 2010; Section 46 - Number of Members , accessed on February 12, 2017.
  7. ↑ a b City of Hemmoor - overall results of the 2016 municipal council election , accessed on February 12, 2017.
  8. ↑ The CDU gets the most votes nationwide. September 12, 2016. Retrieved February 12, 2017 .
  9. ↑ Lasse Weritz (CDU) new city mayor , accessed on February 12, 2017
  10. ^ Rudolf Lembcke: Land Hadeln district. Past and present . Ed .: District of Hadeln. Buchdruckerei Günter Hottendorff, Otterndorf 1976, p. 31 (coat of arms).
  11. ↑ Heinz Haaker: The "Ship Value of Henry Koch AG" - A Chapter Lübeck Shipbuilding and Industrial History , German Shipping Museum, Bremerhaven 1994, Ernst-Kabel-Verlag, ISBN 3-8225-0299-5 , p. 179.
  12. ↑ Deadly accident: diver dies in Kreidesee at ndr.de on September 29, 2019
  13. ↑ a b Eberhard Michael Iba (Ed.): Hake Betken siene Duven. The saga of the Elbe and Weser estuaries (=  special publications by the men from Morgenstern , Heimatbund at the Elbe and Weser estuaries . Volume 16 ). 3. Edition. Men from Morgenstern Verlag, Bremerhaven 1999, ISBN 3-931771-16-4 .