Rüdersdorf near Berlin
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Coordinates: 52 ° 28 ' N , 13 ° 47' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Märkisch-Oderland | |
| Height : | 62 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 70.39 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 15,812 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 225 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 15345 (Lichtenow) , 15378 (Hennickendorf, Herzfelde) , 15562 (Rüdersdorf) |
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| Primaries : | 033638, 033434 (Hennickendorf, Herzfelde, Lichtenow) | |
| License plate : | MOL, FRW, SEE, SRB | |
| Community key : | 12 0 64 428 | |
| Community structure: | 4 districts | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Hans-Striegelski-Strasse 5 15562 Rüdersdorf near Berlin |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayoress : | Sabine Löser | |
| Location of the community Rüdersdorf near Berlin in the district of Märkisch-Oderland | ||
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Rüdersdorf bei Berlin is a municipality in the Märkisch-Oderland district in Brandenburg (Germany).
geography
location
Rüdersdorf is about 30 kilometers east of Berlin city center. It borders in the north on the communities Fredersdorf-Vogelsdorf , Petershagen / Eggersdorf and Strausberg , in the east on Rehfelde , in the south on Grünheide (Mark) and Woltersdorf and in the west on Schöneiche near Berlin (the last three communities are in the Oder-Spree district ) .
geology
Rüdersdorf and has long been its in the Mark Brandenburg unique deposit of limestone of the limestone known (for further details see → geological limestone quarry Rüdersdorf ).
Community structure
According to the main statute, the municipality of Rüdersdorf near Berlin consists of four districts:
- Hennickendorf
- Herzfelde
- Lichtenow
- Rudersdorf
There are also the residential areas Alt Rüdersdorf, Alte Grund, Bergbrück, Berghof, Bergmannsglück, Franz-Künstler-Siedlung, Grünelinde, Hortwinkel, Landhof, Lichtenow Dorf, Rüdersdorfer Grund, Schulzenhöhe, Seebad Rüdersdorf and Tasdorf .
history
13th century until today
Rüdersdorf was founded by the Cistercians in 1235–1250 in the southeastern part of Barnim , where the Zinna monastery founded ten villages as the owner of a large area of land. According to Rüdersdorfer, farmers discovered the limestone on their fields during this period. Rüdersdorfer limestone was used for the construction of the Dominican monastery in Strausberg in 1254. The late Romanesque stone church was built around 1250 , and with its defensive defense tower is the oldest surviving structure from the time Rüdersdorf was founded. Rüdersdorf (Roderstorp) was first mentioned in a document from 1308-1319. With the acceptance of the Reformation by Elector Joachim II and the secularization of the Zinna monastery, the entire property fell to the sovereign in 1553. A hunting lodge was built in Rüdersdorf during this time, when the elector often indulged his passion for hunting in the local forests. In 1571 the former monastery property was incorporated into the electoral administration with the establishment of the Rüdersdorf Domain Office. During the Thirty Years War , the village, abandoned by its inhabitants, burned down completely.
In 1652, according to the land rider's report, there were three kossas , four free men, two miners, the mountain clerk and the pastor present. Around 1710 all the newly built farms in the village were occupied again. In 1734 there were 246 residents in Rüdersdorf.
On Rüdersdorfer Grund und Boden in 1664 an electoral stone crusher settlement called "Alter Kalckgrundt" with ten houses was built on the Kesselsee. A few years later, in the valley of the Tasdorfer Mühlenfließ, another stone crusher settlement arose near the old Bergschreiberhaus called "Neue Berge". Rüdersdorf supplied large quantities of limestone for the expansion of Berlin and Cölln into a fortress city . Both settlements formed the core of the later founded mining village Kalkberge. In order to promote mining, King Friedrich II had houses built for colonists with the obligation to do mining in 1764–1765. In Rüdersdorf, the "Hortwinkel" colony was established between 1784 and 1785 for the king's invalid soldiers. On May 12, 1812, a fire broke out in the village, which struck all the farms. A new colony between Rüdersdorf and the Hortwinkel was in the making around 1845. As a miners' settlement, it was named "New World". In 1856, Rüdersdorf had 1224 inhabitants, including 13 farming families, 105 working-class and 172 mining families.
In July / August 1887 Theodor Fontane spent his vacation in the seaside resort of Rüdersdorf am Kalksee. The inn and seaside resort were rebuilt around 1865 on the site of the old Kalksee brickworks .
With the construction of the Berlin-Frankfurt Railway in 1841 and the Prussian Eastern Railway in 1860, which still operated far from Rüdersdorf, new travel routes were opened up for the first time. Since 1877, steam shipping linked the Rüdersdorfer Kalkberge with Erkner . New streets, bridges and roads connected Rüdersdorf with its neighboring towns. In 1900 Rüdersdorf had 2996 inhabitants. The tourism to the annual mountain festival celebrations with a visit to the limestone quarries and subsequent blasting made Rüdersdorf more and more a center of attraction.
In 1908, Kalkberge-Rüdersdorf was discovered by silent films . Numerous film companies used the Rüdersdorfer limestone quarries, the place and the lakes as an open-air studio. This is associated with illustrious names of directors and film actors such as Harry Piel , Ernst Lubitsch , Joe May , Harry Liedtke , Pola Negri , Lil Dagover , Maria Carmi , Henny Porten , Hilde Sessak , Hans Albers and Emil Jannings .
On March 31, 1931, the large community of Kalkberge (called Rüdersdorf from 1934) from the rural communities of Kalkberge, Rüdersdorf and Tasdorf with 10,707 inhabitants. It combined both the industrial facilities (cement factories, lime works and limestone quarries) and the rural areas of the three communities.
In 1934, work began on building the Reichsautobahn on the Berliner Ring . In 1937 the eastern ring with the mighty bridge viaducts at the Rüdersdorf valley crossing was opened. From 1935 to 1938 Preussag Rüdersdorf built a settlement consisting of 70 houses called "Bergmannsglück" in the former gravel pit of the Michel sand-lime brick factory. In 1936 50 families of miners from Niederlausitz were settled here.
During the Second World War , more than 2000 forced laborers and prisoners of war from 16 nations had to do forced labor in Preussag quarries , in the concrete and cement works. Even Soviet prisoners in a separate war camp, under the KZ -like conditions lived, and French and Italian internees were used for the war effort production.
On April 21, 1945, Rüdersdorf was handed over to the Red Army . 35 people, including several children, died in bombing and fighting in the village. In World War II, fell 305 soldiers from Rüdersdorf. Another 750 people died in the Rüdersdorf prisoner-of-war camp after 1945.
At the end of the Second World War, the Red Army built a prison camp in the former Preussag cement works in Rüdersdorf, which was completed in May 1945 with a fence and watchtowers around the plant. In the camp there was a second camp, also shielded, in which higher NSDAP cadres, concentration camp leaders and personnel were housed. There were around 30,000 prisoners in the camp, who had their place on wooden frames on the various floors. The cement plant was dismantled by the prisoners and then transported to the Soviet Union . In mid-June 1945 soldiers who were under the age of 17 were sorted out and collected in youth companies.
In the post-war period, the largest building material-producing company in the GDR was built in Rüdersdorf . The cement production, which expanded in the following decades, was associated with considerable environmental problems. In 1953, with the construction of the "Ernst-Thälmann-Schule", the town received a new school building with 16 classrooms and specialist rooms, and in 1956 the "Martin Andersen-Nexö" cultural center was opened. In the years 1965–1967, new medical facilities were built for the town and district at Kalksee. The new district hospital with children's ward and polyclinic was built .
With the decision to build a fifth rotary kiln line in cement plant IV in 1969, far-reaching measures in the structure of the Kalkberge district became necessary. In 1972 the relocation of suburbs began in the area of Reden-, Garten-, Breitscheid-, Schulstraße and Straße der Jugend. All the land was cleared and the residents moved into the new apartments on Brückenstraße. At the beginning of the 1980s, the houses on the rope sheave pillar and large parts of Heinitzstrasse were cleared and torn down. The Heinitzsee - formerly a flooded opencast mine - was swamped 1975-1976 and used for the remaining mining. With that, not only the former Königssee disappeared, but also the historical residential areas of the mining village Kalkberge.
In the period of fall 1989/1990 and with the reunification of Germany, politics, administration and economy in Rüdersdorf were also subject to considerable changes.
With the privatization of the limestone mine and cement factories as well as the demolition of worn out factory buildings, the environmental situation improved considerably. The serious dust emissions in Rüdersdorf were reduced considerably by 1995.
On September 23, 2008, the municipality received the title “ Place of Diversity ” awarded by the federal government .
Administrative history
Rüdersdorf has belonged to the Niederbarnim district in the Prussian province of Brandenburg since 1817 and to the Fürstenwalde district in the GDR district of Frankfurt (Oder) from 1952 . The municipality has been in the Brandenburg district of Märkisch-Oderland since 1993.
Office Rüdersdorf
Offices were established in 1992 to administer the many small, at that time still independent, communities in Brandenburg. The four municipalities Hennickendorf, Herzfelde, Lichtenow and Rüdersdorf merged with effect from July 21, 1992 to form the Rüdersdorf office . The office was located in the municipality of Rüdersdorf. On October 26, 2003, the municipalities of Hennickendorf, Herzfelde and Lichtenow were incorporated into the municipality of Rüdersdorf near Berlin by law, the Rüdersdorf office was dissolved and the municipality of Rüdersdorf near Berlin was made vacant.
Incorporations
In 1931 the villages of Rüdersdorf, Tasdorf (with Berghof, Schulzenhöhe and Grünelinde) and Kalkberge were merged to form the municipality of Kalkberge. In 1934 the name was changed to Rüdersdorf near Berlin . Since October 26th, 2003 Hennickendorf, Herzfelde and Lichtenow are districts of Rüdersdorf due to the municipal reform.
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
Community representation
After the municipal elections on May 26, 2019, the municipal council of Rüdersdorf consists of 25 municipal representatives and the full-time mayor with the following distribution of seats:
| Party / group of voters | be right | Seats |
| SPD | 18.4% | 5 |
| The left | 16.8% | 5 |
| AfD | 15.0% | 1 |
| CDU | 12.8% | 4th |
| Independent citizen federation | 8.7% | 2 |
| Free representative trade | 8.7% | 2 |
| Alliance 90 / The Greens | 6.5% | 2 |
| Herzfeld community of voters | 5.3% | 1 |
| Independent municipal voters' association of the citizens of the districts | 3.1% | 1 |
| Single applicant Jörg Lehmann | 2.7% | 1 |
| FDP | 2.0% | 1 |
According to its share of the vote, the AfD received four seats, three of which remain vacant because the party had nominated only one candidate.
mayor
- 2003–2019: André Schaller (CDU)
- since 2019: Sabine Löser
Löser was elected in the mayoral election on September 1, 2019 with 81.4% of the valid votes for a term of eight years.
coat of arms
The coat of arms used since German reunification was approved on August 18, 1995.
Blazon : "A green linden tree with roots in gold, accompanied by two red shields with a mallet and hammer crossed in front, a silver turnip with leaves behind."
The coat of arms of the municipality of Rüdersdorf near Berlin shows symbols from the surrounding nature, refers to the Cistercian monastery Zinna and refers to the limestone mining, which determines the economic situation of the place, on the one hand and agricultural production on the other.
Community partnerships
There are partnerships with:
- Pierrefitte-sur-Seine in Île-de-France (France), since 1966
- Hemmoor in Lower Saxony , since 1991
- Lomma in Skåne (Sweden), since 2007
- Popielów in Opole Voivodeship (Poland), since 1997
Partnerships of the districts:
- Schwegenheim in Rhineland-Palatinate , since 1991 with the district of Herzfelde
- Neuburg am Rhein in Rhineland-Palatinate , since 1992 with the district of Hennickendorf
Sights and culture
Buildings
In the list of architectural monuments in Rüdersdorf near Berlin are the monuments entered in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg.
- “Martin Andersen-Nexö” cultural center in Rüdersdorf, built 1954–1956 by Emil Leibold in neo-classical style.
- Evangelical Church in Kalkberge, built 1869–1873 in neo-Gothic style based on a design by Friedrich August Stüler . The furnishings from the time of construction are almost completely preserved.
- The core of the Hope Church was built from carefully hewn field stones in the 13th century . 1718 and 1790 expanded and formed the church the sacred building to the east.
- Catholic Church of the Holy Family (initially called the Kalkberge Catholic Church ), was built in 1905 in the neo-Romanesque style .
- It was not until 1965 that the original church furnishings were completely renewed. After the fall of the Wall in 2005, the building could be renovated. The original ringing of two cast steel bells , made by the Bochumer Verein , was replaced in 2014 by newly cast bells.
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Museum Park Rüdersdorf ( limestone opencast mine )
- Canal portals in the Rüdersdorf Industrial Museum
- Rumford oven I
- Rumford furnace II (plank truss house)
- Pulley pillar
- Shaft furnace battery
Historical monuments
- Memorial for seven murdered opponents of the Nazi regime in the Kalkberge cemetery on the street of the youth, erected by the twin town Pierrefitte
Natural monuments
- Black pine (ND no. 31) on the square in front of the Kesselsee (solitary tree that shapes the landscape)
- Chain of lakes: Kalksee, Hohler See, Großer Stienitzsee, Kleiner Stienitzsee, Kriensee, Kesselsee
- Rivers / canals: Mühlenfließ (Stienitzsee-Hohler See), Langerhanskanal (Kriensee-Mühlenfließ), Stolpkanal (Hohler See-Kalksee), Kalkgraben (Kesselsee-Kalksee)
- Carp pond (museum park)
Regular events
- Rüdersdorfer Bergfest (first weekend in July of each year)
- Rüdersdorfer water festival
- Walpurgis Night in the Rüdersdorf Museum Park
- Rüdersdorfer spring regatta
- Rüdersdorfer town twinning tournament (chess)
- Rüdersdorfer Carnival in the Kulturhaus
Religions
In Rüdersdorf there are community facilities of the Protestant , Catholic and New Apostolic Churches.
Economy and Infrastructure
Established businesses
- CEMEX OstZement GmbH (mining and extraction of limestone and processing into cement). Limestone has been mined in Rüdersdorf for over 750 years.
- The Deutsche Post subsidiary DHL operates a 40,000 m² parcel center in Ernst-Thälmann-Strasse with over 450 employees , which processes around 350,000 parcels daily. It is responsible for 65% of the Berlin area and neighboring Brandenburg districts.
- Berolina Metall Spritztechnik Wesnigk GmbH (surface coatings with metals, carbides and ceramics, wear protection)
traffic
Road traffic
The municipality Rüdersdorf lies on the national highway B1 / 5 between Berlin and Muencheberg and on the national road L 30 between Altlandsberg and Erkner . The federal autobahn 10 (eastern Berlin ring) with the junction Rüdersdorf runs through the municipality.
Transportation
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Schöneicher-Rüdersdorfer tram :
- Tram 88 S-Bahn station Berlin-Friedrichshagen ↔ Alt-Rüdersdorf
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Märkisch-Oderland bus :
- Bus 934 Strausberg, Landhausstraße ↔ Hoppegarten Wendeschleife
- Bus 936 Herzfelde Church ↔ S Strausberg
- Bus 950 S-Bahn station Strausberg ↔ S-Bahn station Erkner
- Bus 951 S-Bahn station Fredersdorf ↔ Rüdersdorf, hospital
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Bus traffic Oder-Spree :
- Bus 418 Rüdersdorf, Brückenstraße - Rüdersdorf, hospital ↔ Erkner, Jägerstraße - Erkner, OT Hohenbinde
- Bus 429 Herzfelde, church ↔ S-Bahn station Erkner
Rail transport
In 1879 the Fredersdorf – Rüdersdorf line was opened. Passenger traffic was discontinued in 1965, and since then it has only been used for freight traffic.
education
There are three schools in Rüdersdorf:
- Elementary and secondary school in Rüdersdorf
- Elementary school at Stienitzsee in the Hennickendorf district
- Friedrich-Anton-von-Heinitz-Gymnasium (sponsored by the district)
Healthcare
There is the Immanuel-Klinik Rüdersdorf (formerly Evangelical Free Church Hospital Rüdersdorf ) in the village . The construction of a hospital was decided in January 1907 by a special purpose association of the communities Rüdersdorf, Kalkberge, Tasdorf, Herzfelde, Woltersdorf and Hennickendorf, it was opened on November 12, 1909. From 1945 until it was taken over by church organizations after the political change in 1989/90 it was a district hospital. In 1962, a new hospital building with an attached outpatient clinic began in a forest location near the Kalksee , which was handed over on December 17, 1969 and led to a noticeable improvement in care in the Fürstenwalde / Strausberg area . In 1991 the hospital and policlinic Rüdersdorf GmbH was founded as a subsidiary of Immanuel-Krankenhaus GmbH . In 1995 the Rehabilitation Clinic Klinik am See was added in the immediate vicinity . In 2009, the Immanuel Klinik Rüdersdorf opened a new building that replaced the GDR-era hospital that was demolished in March / May 2010. The future of the polyclinic attached to the old hospital is uncertain , although it was left standing when the hospital was demolished.
Due to the hospitals, which have a large catchment area with several retirement and nursing homes, Rüdersdorf is the place of death for well-known personalities such as Harald Juhnke and Klaus-Jürgen Wussow .
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Wilhelm Kreyher (1806–1855), architect
- Otto Leßmann (1844–1918), composer
- Alexander Niedner (1862–1930), lawyer and Senate President at the Imperial Court
- Karl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch (1888–1971), SS-Obergruppenführer and General of the Waffen-SS and General of the Police
- Lucie Hein (1910–1965), politician (SED), Lord Mayor of Frankfurt (Oder)
- Günter Kupetz (1925–2018), industrial designer
- Michael Braun (1930–2014), director and screenwriter
- Hans-Ulrich Klose (* 1935), politician (CDU)
- Gunther Schmidt (* 1939) mathematician and computer scientist
- Dirk Ippen (* 1940), newspaper publisher
- Gerhard Schneider (1942–2019), politician (SPD)
- Karla Woisnitza (* 1952), graphic artist and painter
- Tino Eisbrenner (* 1962), musician
- Andreas Thom (* 1965), football player
- Karsten Krampitz (* 1969), writer
- Jan Liedtke (* 1977), author and film producer
- Nicole Freytag (* 1980), pop singer
- Tobias Schenke (* 1981), actor
- Anne Wizorek (* 1981), net feminist
- Maxie Renner (* 1985), singer
- Jane Gerisch (* 1986), track cyclist
Personalities associated with Rüdersdorf
- Albrecht Philipp Thaer (1794–1863), agronomist, founded the Rüdersdorf estate in 1841 with 2000 acres of land in Rüdersdorf, Herzfelde and Hennickendorf
- Johanna Elberskirchen (1864–1943), feminist writer, sex reformer
literature
- Reinhard Kienitz: Rüdersdorf. The archive images series. Erfurt 2000.
- Eva Köhler: Rüdersdorf. The lime capital on the outskirts of Berlin. Berlin 1994.
- Margrit Höfer, Gerd Markert: Rüdersdorf near Berlin. Then and now. Culturcon-Medien, Berlin / Wildeshausen 2010, ISBN 978-3941092-44-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ↑ Main statutes of the community of Rüdersdorf near Berlin from February 26, 2009 PDF
- ^ Service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg - municipality of Rüdersdorf
- ^ Fritz Pietrowiak: Only the will counts . edition fischer, Frankfurt / Main 2009, ISBN 978-3-89950-445-3 , pp. 69-87.
- ↑ Formation of the offices of Gartz / Oder, Bad Liebenwerda, Mühlberg / Elbe, Plessa, Märkische Schweiz, Premnitz, Rüdersdorf, Scharmützelsee, Steinhöfel / Heinersdorf Elsterland, Kleine Elster and Falkenberg Uebigau. Announcement by the Minister of the Interior of July 21, 1992. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 3, Number 54, July 31, 1992, p. 970/1.
- ↑ Fifth law on state-wide municipal reform concerning the districts of Barnim, Märkisch-Oderland, Oberhavel, Ostprignitz-Ruppin, Prignitz, Uckermark (5th GemGebRefGBbg) of March 24, 2003 (Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Brandenburg , I (Laws), 2003 , No. 05, p. 82), amended by the law of July 1, 2003 (Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, I (Laws), 2003, No. 10, p. 187)
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003
- ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Landkreis Märkisch-Oderland . Pp. 34-37
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Lehmann died on February 14, 2020. His seat will remain vacant until the next election. Mourning for Jörg Lehmann. at www.ruedersdorf.de
- ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 48 (6)
- ↑ Local elections October 26, 2003; Mayoral elections , p. 26.
- ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 74
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on September 1, 2019
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
- ^ Community of Rüdersdorf: Our community. Retrieved October 20, 2017 .
- ↑ 50 years of the “Martin Andersen Nexö” cultural center in Rüdersdorf near Berlin. In: Community magazine Rüdersdorf near Berlin 2006. Stadtmagazin BS GmbH, August 28, 2010, accessed on November 30, 2013 .
- ↑ Uwe Spranger: "Your sound goes to all people". In: MOZ , October 19, 2014, accessed on December 6, 2016.
- ^ Newly designed church in Rüdersdorf. New Apostolic Church Berlin-Brandenburg, November 16, 2009, accessed on November 30, 2013 : “After extensive modernization of the church building in Rüdersdorf, District Apostle Wolfgang Nadolny, head of the Berlin-Brandenburg District Church, celebrated with the congregation on Sunday, November 8, 2009 first service. After the renovation, there will be no more church services in Petershagen, with the relocation of the Rüdersdorf church, the Petershagen community was incorporated into the Rüdersdorf community area. "
- ↑ 750th anniversary of limestone mining in Rüdersdorf. State government of Brandenburg State Chancellery, July 2, 2004, accessed November 30, 2013 .
- ↑ DHL freight center in Rüdersdorf. In: "Paketda.de". Retrieved July 26, 2017 .
- ↑ MEG locomotive inventory
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