Riding wine
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Coordinates: 52 ° 30 ' N , 14 ° 35' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Märkisch-Oderland | |
| Office : | Lebus | |
| Height : | 13 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 24.02 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 465 (Dec 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 19 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 15328 | |
| Area code : | 033601 | |
| License plate : | MOL, FRW, SEE, SRB | |
| Community key : | 12 0 64 420 | |
| Office administration address: | Breite Strasse 1 15326 Lebus |
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| Mayor : | Detlef Schieberle | |
| Location of the municipality of Reitwein in the district of Märkisch-Oderland | ||
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Reitwein is a municipality in the Märkisch-Oderland district ( Brandenburg ). It is administered by the Lebus Office. The eastern municipal border running along the Oder also forms the German border with the Republic of Poland .
geography
Reitwein on the southern edge of the Oderbruch lies at the northern end of the Reitweiner spur, also called Reitweiner Nase. It is a long chain of hills that drops steeply to the Oderbruch. It was created as a bulging slope of the Uroder. The soil is loamy and the area is criss-crossed by small valleys. As a result, there is very different vegetation on a small scale: from shady mixed deciduous forest with many spring flowers ( small snowdrops , anemones , lungwort , lily of the valley , shadow flowers , real cowslip , etc.) to dry grass with the adonis florets, which are famous for the area . Rare animal species such as beavers , cranes and black storks can also be found here .
Some hiking trails run through the Reitweiner Sporn , especially Frankfurter Strasse , an old trade route. Part of this old trade route is a ravine . Until the construction of the new paved road (today's B112 ) it was part of the direct and shortest connection between Frankfurt (Oder) and Küstrin .
Neighboring communities
Neighboring communities are Podelzig , Alt Tucheband , Küstriner Vorland and the city of Lebus . Neighboring town on the Polish side of the Oder is the former Göritz (Oder) ( Górzyca ).
Community structure
The Reitweiner Loose residential area belongs to Reitwein.
history
14th to 19th century
In 1316 the place was first mentioned in a document as Ruthewyn . According to Heinrich Berghaus , the name is probably derived from the Slavic word Rutewina for path through the mire . The name can also be derived from the word rudowina = lawn iron stone . Until the drainage of the Oderbruch under Frederick the Great , the place was a fishing village. The fishing industry was so important that even the priest ran it for food. The local fishermen sold their catch as far as Müllrose .
The Margrave of Brandenburg Waldemar "the Great" sold Ruthewyn in 1316 with all accessories, with the lake Prisszenesken and 5 pounds of pepper for 147 Mark Brandenburg silver to the Frankfurt citizens Jacob von Gummer and Johann Schyele . You have been enfeoffed in full. But as early as 1336, Margrave Ludwig I ceded the village of Ruthewyn and Lake Piscenige to the city council of Frankfurt (Oder) in exchange for half the village of Tucheband and half of the village of Maatzinova . The lake Prisszenesken or Piscenige has disappeared in the course of the embankment of the Oder.
In 1414 Lorenz Beier, a Frankfurt councilor, received elevations to Ruthewyn next to the places Gusow and Platkow . In the same year the first church was built and the council of Frankfurt held the church patronage . The residents paid 32 shock Czech groschen for the right to Lebus . Because so far the place was parish to Lebus. Lorenz Beier died after a few years without heirs.
In 1572 the council of Frankfurt received the sovereign permission to inherit his village of Reuthwein in exchange to Caspar von Platow and to accept his shares in the village of Boossen including 500 thalers . With this purchase, the council remained under the obligation to obey the elector because of Reitwein and Caspar von Platow became afterlehnsmann of the council of Frankfurt. In 1578 he bought a Hufe and Hof and converted his new property into a manor .
The von Platow family , who also owned Prötzel , kept Reitwein for almost a century. But in 1590 the court marshal Hans von Thümen won the place as a pledge, which he passed on to his son Hans Georg von Thümen .
In 1666 Joachim Erdmann von Burgsdorff bought riding wine. The Reitweiner Schloss ( manor house ) was built between 1697 and 1700 as a two-story plastered building with a richly ornamented main portal . The Finck von Finckenstein family took over the castle in 1842 and expanded it in the following years and laid out an English park . Through the marriage of Erdmuth Amalie von Burgsdorff's heir daughter in 1842 with Count Rudolf Finck von Finckenstein (1813–1886), the place came to her husband in 1849 after her death.
Frederick the Great spent the time immediately after the defeat in the Battle of Kunersdorf in 1759 at the castle. He also set up his headquarters here before the Battle of Zorndorf . Another famous guest was Theodor Fontane , who set one of the fictional locations of his historical novel Before the Storm near Reitwein.
Second World War
At the end of the Second World War , the first Soviet troops reached Reitwein on February 2, 1945. But they could still be pushed back from the place by German reinforcements and a unit of the Reich Labor Service staying on the Reitweiner Gut . This made it possible for a large part of the population to flee. Parts of the homesteads of Reitweiner and Göritzer Loose outside the village and the wooded Reitweiner heights were held by the Soviet forces and continuously reinforced. In April 1945 the area around Reitwein was the scene of bitter fighting during the Battle of the Seelow Heights . On the German side, the Panzer Grenadier Division "Kurmark" fought with units from the military schools from Potsdam (Grenadier Regiment 1234) and Dresden (Grenadier Regiment 1235) for Reitwein. Trenches and earth bunkers on the Reitweiner Sporn are still preserved today and some are under monument protection.
This includes the Soviet command post of the 8th Guards Army (formerly 62nd Army ) under the commander Vasily Chuikov , from whom he led the assault on the Seelow Heights together with the commander of the 1st Belarusian Front Georgi Zhukov .
Reitwein after 1945
The castle, which was slightly damaged in World War II, was torn down by the local authorities in 1962 and the area was completely leveled. Today, display boards and a hedge remind of the outline of the castle.
Reitwein had belonged to the Lebus district in the province of Brandenburg since 1817 and to the Seelow district in the GDR district of Frankfurt (Oder) from 1952 . The municipality has been in the Brandenburg district of Märkisch-Oderland since 1993.
Or flood
1947
On the night of March 22nd, the drift ice formed an ice barrier as a result of the ice drift near the flood canal at Küstrin-Kietz . Within a short time it dammed up huge amounts of water, which flooded the Oder dike north of Reitwein in two places over a length of over 100 m. The flood even reached Bad Freienwalde (Oder), several kilometers away from the river . More than 20,000 people were left homeless at the time . In the course of the reconstruction of the destroyed Oder dam in 1947, a field railway was also used. It made it possible to transport the sand that was mined on the Reitweiner Sporn. The dike driveway of the Kleinbahn on Reitweiner Triftweg is still clearly visible today.
1997 During the flood of the Oder in 1997 , the dike near Reitwein was a particularly critical point. On July 29, a critical crack (0.5 m wide, 50 m long) was successfully built in the dike berm at dike kilometers 4.8 and 5.2 . Bundeswehr helicopters were also used to transport sandbags . On the night of August 1, 1997, the construction of an emergency dike near Reitwein began. In the first few hours, around 80 trucks from the Brandenburg Road Administration were used to build the transverse dike. The construction of the emergency dike was terminated prematurely and dismantled the following year. The protective dam was popularly named Meyerdamm in reference to Hartmut Meyer , the then Brandenburg Minister for Urban Development, Housing and Transport.
Incorporations
After Reitwein, the municipalities Reitweiner Loose , the Hathenower Wiesen (1959) and the Odervorwerk including Göritzer Loose as well as a large part of the Wuhdener Loose (July 1st 1950) were incorporated.
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, residents: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
Community representation
The community council consists of eight community representatives and the honorary mayor.
| year | WG friends of sports | WG social | WG active for riding wine | WG fire brigade | Flat share per riding wine | Individual applicants | total |
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| 2008 | 2 | 1 | - | 1 | 3 | 1 | 8 seats |
| 2014 | 2 | 2 | - | 1 | 2 | 1 | 8 seats |
| 2019 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | - | 1 | 8 seats |
WG = voter group
Individual applicants: 2018 Paul-Christoph Richert, 2019 Michél Schröder
(As of: local election on May 26, 2019)
mayor
- 1993-2008: Karl-Friedrich Tietz
- 2008–2014: Renate Kurz
- 2014–2019: Karl-Friedrich Tietz (Pro Reitwein)
- since 2019: Detlef Schieberle (Friends of Sports)
Schieberle was elected in the mayoral election on May 26, 2019 with 81.6% of the valid votes for a term of five years.
Sights and culture
Buildings
- Slavic ramparts from the 7th century ( Reitweiner Wallberge )
- neo-Gothic village church at the foot of the Reitweiner Sporn, built in 1857/1858 according to plans by Friedrich August Stülers , destroyed in 1945, ruins secured in the 1990s, the tower restored in 1998/1999 and given a new tip
- Diplomatic stairs on the Oderdeich
- black kitchen
- oldest dam in the Oderbruch from the 16th century
Stülerkirche, view into the apse of the church ruins
Diplomatic stairs
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Memorials
- Memorial stone Oder flood 1997
- Memorial stone dam breach 1947
- Grave of the Finck von Finckenstein family in the local cemetery
- Reitwein's war memorial 1914/18
- War memorial 1870/71 Reitwein
- Memorial for the German soldiers who died in and around Reitwein during World War II (34 of the 61 dead are known by name) and refugees in the local cemetery
- Memorial for the sons and fathers from Reitwein who died in World War II in the local cemetery
- Soviet war cemetery Reitwein ( Second World War ) with approx. 3000 fallen
Regular events
- Reitweiner Marriage Market (weekend after Whitsun ), organized by SV Rot-Weiß Reitwein as the association with the largest number of members in cooperation with the Anglerverein Zur alten Oder Reitwein, the Heimatverein Reitweiner AnSporn, the Settlers and Small Animal Breeders Association, the Association for Church Construction and Local History Reitwein and the Volkssolidarität Reitwein
- Summer concerts in the church ruins
- "LIVE in Reitwein" - blues rock parties
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Reitwein is connected to the federal highway 112 between Manschnow and Lebus via the state road L 331 . The ferry connection across the Oder to Göritz was discontinued after the Second World War.
In Reitwein there was a stop on the Küstrin-Kietz railway to Frankfurt (Oder) , which has been closed since 1999. In 2006 the rails were dismantled.
The Märkisch-Oderland bus service connects the town with Frankfurt (Oder) and the district town of Seelow several times a day.
The following long-distance routes meet in Reitwein:
- European long-distance hiking trail E11
- Oder-Neisse cycle path
- Theodor Fontane cycle path
education
The place has a youth club and a local kindergarten KiTa “Birkenschlösschen” .
Further infrastructure
A volunteer fire brigade is active in the village .
In 2002/2003, in the course of the renovation of the Oder dyke, the new Reitwein bridge was built (former Reitwein siphon line).
The JAMAL European pipeline crosses the Oder here and continues to the compressor station in Mallnow . There it is connected to the German gas network via the JAGAL gas pipeline .
A field airfield for agricultural aviation during the GDR is located opposite the Wallberg Mountains in Bruch.
When the German eastern border was moved to the Oder in 1945, Reitwein was given barracks for the GDR's border troops . In the last years of the GDR, the buildings were used as a news equipment store for the NVA . After reunification , the facility was shut down after it was handed over to the Bundeswehr .
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the place
- Günther Reichsgraf Finck von Finckenstein (1852–1923), member of the Prussian manor house , dike captain
Personalities associated with riding wine
- Theodor Blätterbauer (1823–1906), painter and graphic artist; spent five school years in Reitwein
Riding wine in literature
Theodor Fontane on Reitwein
On his hikes through the Mark Brandenburg (Volume 2, Das Oderland, published in 1863) Fontane also went into the rich history of Reitwein.
“On the back of Rittmeister von Prittwitz, who rescued him, he wrote the words to Minister Finkenstein in pencil:“ Everything is lost, save the royal family; Goodbye forever. ”The next day he took up quarters in Reitwein, which at that time still belonged to the Burgsdorfs. […] Our journey now takes us past these places. Ötscher, although nearby, is hidden behind hills, the more picturesque Reitwein and Göritz appear. Of course, the sight of this picture must have been more beautiful when the old Göritzer church, a famous pilgrimage site, was on the top of the hill and greeted each other with the church of Reitwein over there. "
Reitweiner legend
“When a shoemaker returned home from the fair in Frankfurt (Oder) on a sultry summer day and was lying down near the Reitweiner Schloßberg, he suddenly heard wonderful music. A richly dressed servant came up to him and invited him to the castle, the ruins of which stood on the hill. The cobbler came with me, was refreshed with plenty of food and drink, and then fell asleep. When he woke up he was back on his starting point. Lost in thought, he made his way home. At home everything seemed strange to him. Nobody knew the stranger anymore, there was no trace of his family to be found. He slept in the Reitweiner Schloßberg for a hundred years. "
literature
- Günter de Bruyn : The Finckensteins: A family in the service of Prussia . Siedler Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-88680-613-8 .
- Theodor Fontane : Before the Storm , Volume 4. 1878, p. 346 ( zeno.org ).
- Theodor Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg - The Oderland , Volume 2. 1863 ( zeno.org ).
- A long-suffering country: The Brandenburg district of Lebus in the turmoil of 1945–1952 . Lebus home district, self-published, 1992.
- Richard Lakowski: Seelow 1945. The decisive battle on the Oder . Siegler Verlag 2005, ISBN 3-87748-634-7 , ISBN 978-3-87748-634-4 .
- Tony LeTissier: Breakthrough on the Oder. The advance of the Red Army in 1945 . Ullstein Hc, 1995, ISBN 3-550-07072-1 , ISBN 978-3-550-07072-3 .
- Paul Schroeder: Reitweinische oddities. History of the village of Reitwein im Oderbruch . Reitwein 1904 (self-published by the author).
- Eva Schunicht: Oderflut 1997: Ecological, economic and social effects and consequences . University of Rostock, 2008.
- Klaus Stieger: Historical views from the Lebus district: 1857–1945 . Findling Verlag, 2005, ISBN 3-933603-36-6 , p. 62 ff.
- Wilhelm Tieke : The end between Oder and Elbe - The fight for Berlin 1945 . Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-87943-734-3 .
- Hans-Peter Trömel: Reitwein on March 22, 1947 - break of the Oderdeich. A chronicle of the flood disaster in the Oderbruch 60 years ago . Findling Verlag, Kunersdorf 2008, ISBN 978-3-933603-43-2 .
- Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück : History of the former diocese of Lebus and the land of this taking , third part. Berlin, 1832, pp. 403-407 ( books.google.de on Google Book Search ).
Web links
- Riding wine . Lebus Office
- Reitwein in the RBB program Landschleicher on January 29, 2006
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ^ Service portal of the state administration Brandenburg. Reitwein community
- ↑ History and names of the places in the Oderbruch
- ^ Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück : History of the former diocese of Lebus and the country of this taking . Pp. 403-407.
- ^ Duncker collection: Reitwein . ( Memento of March 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 225 kB) Central and State Library Berlin
- ↑ A long-suffering country: The Brandenburg district of Lebus in the turmoil of the years 1945–1952 , p. 52ff.
- ↑ Tony LeTissier: Breakthrough on the Oder. The advance of the Red Army in 1945 . Pp. 61, 84ff.
- ^ A long-suffering country: The Brandenburg district of Lebus in the turmoil of 1945–1952 . P. 114f.
- ↑ About the fascination of a locked bunker . In: Lausitzer Rundschau , October 15, 2003.
- ^ Wilhelm Tieke: The end between the Oder and Elbe - The battle for Berlin 1945 . P. 93.
- ^ A long-suffering country: The Brandenburg district of Lebus in the turmoil of 1945–1952 . P. 264ff.
- ↑ New cracks are constantly endangering the dikes on the Oder . In: Berliner Zeitung , August 2, 1997.
- ↑ New cracks in the softened dikes on the Oderbruch - Reitwein is no longer an idyll . In: Die Welt , August 2, 1997.
- ↑ flood protection on the Oder; Future of the Reitweiner Notdeich . (PDF; 45.5 kB) Landtag Brandenburg, wording of the Minor Question 1468 of September 8, 1997.
- ↑ Jürgen Bensch, Dietmar Schädler: 600 years Hathenow , 2005, p. 22.
- Jump up ↑ Paul Schroeder: Reitweinische Merklinge , p. 134
- ↑ Klaus Vetter : Wuhden 1252-2002 . Wuhdener Heimatverein, 2002, p. 33.
- ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Landkreis Märkisch-Oderland . Pp. 34-37
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ New groups of voters are at the start. In: Märkische Oderzeitung , April 1, 2014
- ↑ Local elections in the state of Brandenburg on September 28, 2008. Mayor elections , p. 9
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on May 25, 2014
- ↑ Section 73 of the Brandenburg Local Election Act
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Municipality of Reitwein on amt-lebus.de, accessed on May 4, 2017.
- ↑ Reitwein cemetery - war graves . oderbruch-online.de
- ↑ In memory of fallen Reitweiner . In: Märkische Oderzeitung , November 2, 2006.
- ↑ A warning to the living . In: Märkische Oderzeitung , November 20, 2006.
- ↑ Music in the Stülerkirche . In: Märkische Oderzeitung , May 6, 2009.
- ↑ LIVE IN RIDING WINE . Wool, Rossi & friends. Retrieved February 23, 2014.
- ↑ The visible end of a historic railway line . In: Märkische Oderzeitung , September 29, 2006.
- ↑ Donkey, Maya the Bee and Frog King for the Reitwein day care center . In: Märkische Oderzeitung , May 18, 2007.
- ↑ Objects of the NVA in the GDR ( Memento of July 10, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 297 kB)
- ^ Theodor Fontane : Walks through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 2: The Oderland. From Frankfurt to Schwedt.
- ^ Legends and stories from the Frankfurt (Oder) district . Frankfurt-Information, 1988, p. 78.
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