Küstrin-Kietz
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Küstrin-Kietz
Community Küstriner Vorland
Coordinates: 52 ° 34 ′ 9 ″ N , 14 ° 36 ′ 40 ″ E
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| Height : | 13 m |
| Residents : | 727 (December 31, 2016) |
| Incorporation : | December 31, 1997 |
| Postal code : | 15328 |
| Area code : | 033479 |
The place Küstrin-Kietz is part of the former fortress town of Küstrin , today Kostrzyn nad Odrą , which remained with Germany in 1945 after the establishment of the German-Polish border ( Oder-Neisse border ) . These districts formed an independent municipality under the name Küstrin-Kietz (from 1954 to 1991 only Kietz ) in the newly formed state of Brandenburg , which had been part of the Soviet occupation zone since 1945 . Since the end of 1997 the place has been part of the municipality of Küstriner Vorland in the state of Brandenburg .
history
→ See also : The history of Küstrin before 1945 and the Küstriner Vorland
From the 13th to the 19th century
The town of Küstrin (written as Cüstrin until 1928) was first mentioned in a document in 1232. In the 13th century a Slavic service settlement ( Kietz ) was created for the castle of Küstrin. The Kietz, originally located in the southeast of the old town, was relocated to the left side of the Odra in the 16th century for military reasons.
In the 20th century
The village of Kietz, which was incorporated into the town of Küstrin in 1930 and, together with the Langen Vorstadt to the west of it, which had previously belonged to Küstrin, formed the district of Küstrin-Kietz.
The old town of Küstrin, located between the Oder and Warthe , with its fortifications, some of which were preserved until the early 1940s, was destroyed to the ground in the Second World War and not rebuilt. Like the district of Küstrin-Neustadt east of the Warta, the area has belonged to Poland as Kostrzyn since 1945 . The districts to the west of the Oder remained with Germany in accordance with the provisions of the Potsdam Agreement in 1945 and became an independent municipality. In addition to the previous district of Küstrin-Kietz (including Langer Vorstadt, see above ), this also included the district of Kuhbrückenvorstadt west of the Oder, shortened to Kuhbrücke in GDR times , and the Oderinsel , the area between the Oder and the Oder-Vorflut belonging to the old town -Channel. The artillery barracks of the German Wehrmacht , located on the Oder Island, were badly damaged during the fighting from February to March 1945. The Märkische Bau-Union repaired some of the buildings a few years after the end of the Second World War. From October 1949 to March 1950 the 1st VP- Ready for Brandenburg resided in the barracks . It was a police force in name only; the main purpose of the attendance was artillery training, but this should be kept secret from the population. When the workers of the plant Märkische Bau Union the delivery of artillery noticed there were violent protests of the workers. On the same day there was a fire in the coal cellar in one of the barracks buildings, which, despite intensive investigations, could never be solved. After the VP unit withdrew, a Soviet bridge-building pioneer unit moved into the area. This area was therefore a restricted military area until their withdrawal in 1991 . The bridges over the Oder were closed to public traffic in 1945.
After the dissolution of the states in the GDR in 1952, the community belonged to the Frankfurt (Oder) district . In 1954 the place was named Friedensfelde for a few months on the initiative of the local branch of the SED , under the main responsibility of the then mayor Karl Schimmeyer . However, this name could not gain acceptance among the population, and there were objections from the Deutsche Reichsbahn . For this reason, the place was renamed again in autumn of the same year, this time from Friedensfelde to Kietz .
Since 1990
After the German reunification , a survey showed that the name should be renamed Küstrin-Kietz , which took place on October 3, 1991. On December 31, 1997 the place merged with Manschnow and Gorgast to form the municipality of Küstriner Vorland .
Culture and sights
Buildings
.JPG)
- Building of the former artillery barracks on the Oderinsel, which belonged to Küstrin's old town until the end of the Second World War, the last evidence of the Küstriner garrison on the German side of Küstrin ; unused since the withdrawal of the Soviet armed forces in 1991
- Oder road bridge
- Kulturhaus in Küstrin-Kietz, multifunctional culture and event center
- Küstrin-Kietz bird park
- For more see the list of monuments in Küstriner Vorland , which is based on the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg
- Museum of the history of Küstrin in the Kulturhaus Küstrin-Kietz
Natural monuments
- Nature reserve Oderinsel Küstrin-Kietz with a size of around 213 hectares
- Friedrichsiche on the terrain of the Oderinsel. This was planted around 1765 to thank the Prussian King Friedrich II for the reconstruction of the city of Küstrin, which was destroyed in 1758.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Road traffic
Federal highway 1 (B 1) with a border crossing to Poland runs through the town in a west-east direction . The road border crossing was opened on November 21, 1992, together with the repair of the Oder road bridge, which had been usable again since the end of the Second World War . Access is restricted to vehicles under 7.5 t . Since the beginning of the 21st century it has been clear that a new bridge is unavoidable, for which a German-Polish government agreement has to be negotiated. The bridge is the responsibility of the Polish state . Citizens' initiative B 1 was founded in order to include the interests of residents in good time . It is feared that expansion will continue unchecked without the right infrastructure such as overtaking routes , parking and rest areas for large vans . The representatives of the Brandenburg state government have given their full support for the cause of the citizens. A schedule for construction work has not yet been set and should be worked out after the completion of a traffic forecast planning.
The B 1 is the western extension of the Polish state road DK 22 and runs 778 km from Küstrin-Kietz via Berlin , Magdeburg , Helmstedt , Dortmund , Essen , Düsseldorf to Aachen .
Rail transport
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The city of Küstrin was connected in 1857 (at that time still via Frankfurt an der Oder ) to the at times very important Prussian Eastern Railway , which according to the 1914 timetable came from Berlin via Landsberg an der Warthe , Königsberg , Insterburg , Stallupönen to Saint Petersburg . The stations belonging to Küstrin-Kietz, the Küstrin-Kietz train station and the disused Küstrin-Altstadt stop on the Oder Island are located on this route . On May 30, 1992, with the extension of the Berlin-Lichtenberg –Küstrin-Kietz line to Kostrzyn nad Odrą, a railway border crossing for passenger traffic was opened. Until then, the rail link over the Oder had only served freight traffic for decades.
The Küstrin-Kietz – Frankfurt (Oder) line , part of the original line of the Prussian Eastern Railway, was shut down in 2000.
The Küstrin municipal tram also ran on the left bank of the Oder until 1937, at times as far as the Odervorflutkanal.
There is a pier in Küstrin-Kietz for passenger shipping on the Oder.
The Küstrin-Kietz train station is the intersection of the Oder-Neisse cycle path and Euroroute R1 .
economy
The only oil extraction site in Brandenburg is located in the municipality. Here the company GDF Suez extracts around 20,000 tons of crude oil a year. Otherwise the district has no industry or economy worth mentioning.
literature
- Frank Lammers: Küstrin. City history and city traffic. Verlag GVE, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-89218-091-1 .
- Uwe Bräuning: Village chronicle of Küstrin-Kietz. Part 1: The years 1945-90.
Web links
- Küstrin-Kietz's private website
- Website of the Küstrin-Kietz bird park
- Responsible administration for Küstrin-Kietz
Individual evidence
- ↑ Community and district directory of the state of Brandenburg. Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg (LGB), accessed on June 22, 2020.
- ↑ Map from 1928 on landkartenarchiv.de with registered municipal boundaries
- ^ Presentation of the Association for the History of Küstrins e. V.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states. Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities, see 1997
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: MLUV Brandenburg: Draft of the public interpretation process for the planned NSG Oderinsel Küstrin-Kietz (PDF; 412 kB)
- ↑ Jeanette Bederke: Free passage for heavy trucks? In: Berliner Zeitung , 29./30. March 2018, p. 16.