Mallnow

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Mallnow
City of Lebus
Coordinates: 52 ° 27 ′ 24 ″  N , 14 ° 29 ′ 16 ″  E
Height : 55 m
Residents : 367  (2006)
Incorporation : December 31, 2001
Postal code : 15326
Area code : 033602
Mallnow (Brandenburg)
Mallnow

Location of Mallnow in Brandenburg

Mallnow is a district of the Brandenburg town of Lebus in the Märkisch-Oderland district . The place, which was formerly part of the abbey area of ​​the Lebus diocese, is located at the intersection of the Seelow Heights and the Oderbruch and offers a remarkable landscape panorama.

history

14th to 18th century

Mallnow was mentioned in a document around 1325 as Malnowe . In 1405 an indication of the village size appeared for the first time, according to which there were 45 hooves . From the year 1472 six four-hoofers, four three-hoofers, three two-hoofers and two wild hooves are known. There are also seven kötter and three desert farms. In 1505 the village was bought by the Lubusz bishop. In the course of the Reformation , the goods went to the Electorate of Brandenburg . In 1542 a shepherd and a shepherd settled there , to which two shepherd servants were added in 1633. From 1676 there was the first report on a church. The village was damaged by the Thirty Years War . Eleven of the 51 farms are desolate, as are six of the nine Kossäthöfe. After the end of the war, only one five-man, five four-man, three three-man and four two-man are recorded from Mallnow in 1654. From the years 1862/1863 information about the areas that are shown in Morgen has been handed down . In Mallnow, one acre was 2500 m². There were 4,544.1 acres of arable land, 11.5 acres of gardens, 96.3 acres of meadow, 298.7 acres of pasture, 2.6 acres of water, 117.5 acres of paths, 6.7 acres of streams and ditches, and 34.4 acres Courtyard areas - a total of 5116.2 acres. From now on, the village grew from the village green in a westerly direction. Around 1840/1850 ash was planted on the Anger . The school building, which still exists today, was built in 1880, where children from first to eighth grade are taught.

19th to 20th century

In 1900 the calculation basis for the arable land was changed and a district size is now 1305 hectares (5220 acres). This area was cultivated by köttern and farmers. On October 18, 1913, the residents of the village planted an oak tree to commemorate the victory over Napoleon 100 years ago. According to reports, Napoleon was in Mallnow on October 28, 1806 at 10:00 a.m. In 1918 the ash trees were cleared and replaced by linden trees in 1922 . Presumably around 1919 the war memorial for the fallen of the First World War was erected south of the church.

1934 is considered to be the founding year of the volunteer fire brigade around Heinrich Zahn and Erich Schäle . You get a motor pump; Another copy in 1942, which was also used in World War II . During this time the village was fought over in the spring of 1945 and up to 95% destroyed. After the war, the Prussian eagle on the war memorial was removed as part of the cultural revolution . In February 1946, a number of large farmers were expropriated, giving them 321.5 hectares of land. It was given to farm workers and resettlers in particular. This resulted in plots of two to five hectares in size. A year later the community built a repair station in the village. The volunteer fire brigade is also being re-established. Since the small farms had little opportunity to use machines to cover their costs, a machine rental station was set up in Alt Zeschdorf in 1949 . Between 1950 and 1952, the fire brigade rebuilt the syringe house that had been destroyed in the war. Since there was no tower yet, the hoses were brought to the neighboring Seelow to dry. In 1951 members of the FDJ cleared rubble and ashes from the school building, which was badly damaged in the war, and set up a youth room. As part of the “Help for the destroyed district of Seelow”, workers from Marienberg are rebuilding the building. In 1952 an agricultural production cooperative (LPG) of type I "Geschwister Scholl" was formed in Mallnow with a machine-tractor station and a cultivated area of ​​56.4 hectares. It was changed in January 1954 to a Type 3 with fields and livestock farming. The existing agricultural cooperative Mallnow, founded on July 31, 1991, emerged from the LPG. 24 members cultivate 1338 hectares with an animal population of 500 cattle , 1200 pigs and 1500 ducks . A cultural center is also being built for 135,000 marks . Until 1990 it was used for local cultural events, such as the youth consecration , but also for harvest and May festivals. In 1953 the school building received a second classroom, toilets and a school garden. In 1964, the fire brigade expanded the syringe house by a 12-meter-high tower. Three years later, a women's group was founded with initially nine members; In 1966 a youth group was formed. In that year the LPG signed a cooperation agreement with the LPG Schönfließ, which in 1969 led to a merger. In 1970, the cooperative plant production department was released and continued to work independently. In 1972 school was given up and the children were sent to the new high school in Alt Zeschdorf. From then on , the building was used for an HO grocery store, the municipal administration and Deutsche Post . With the formation of offices in 1992, Mallnow merged with eight other communities and the city of Lebus to form the office of Lebus . The former school was now empty. In 1995, the Mallnow fire brigade joined the comrades of the Lebus office fire brigade. In 1996 and 1997 the culture house was renovated and inaugurated again in May 1997. This year the volunteer fire brigade also celebrated its 60th anniversary.

21st century

On December 31, 2001, Mallnow was incorporated into the city of Lebus. The war memorial was renovated in 1998 and 1999; from 1997 to 1999 the former school building.

Population development

year 1875 1890 1910 1925 1933 1946 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2006
population 458 493 430 417 384 405 354 354 351 355 363 355 368 376 367
source


Economy and Infrastructure

"Oderhang Mallnow" and Oderbruch

Infrastructure

At Mallnow, the Russian natural gas is taken over into the Yamal gas connection line ( JAGAL ) in a compressor station and fed into the German long-distance gas network. The JAMAL European pipeline carries the gas from the Russian Yamal peninsula of the same name in Siberia via Belarus and Poland to Germany. In Reitwein the JAMAL-Europe line crossing the Oder and is led by Mallnow. Here JAGAL takes over the natural gas and forwards it via Baruth to Rückersdorf (Thuringia) , where it meets STEGAL .

tourism

Adonis blossom in the nature reserve "Oderhang Mallnow"

Every year in spring, the place is the starting point for many hikers who want to see the Adonis flower in bloom in the 309 hectare Oder slope Mallnow nature reserve (also called Pontic slopes because of its steppe lawn vegetation ) north of the village. For this purpose, the ODEG trains also stop at the otherwise abandoned Schönfließ station about three kilometers south of Mallnow. In addition, there is a corresponding infrastructure in the village with several guesthouses and, in some cases only during the flowering period from mid-April to the end of May, inns.

church

Mallnower village church (ruin)

The Mallnower Church was built at the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th century as a single-nave granite block structure.

In the choir , three high, pointed arched windows have been preserved in their original form, while the nave windows were significantly changed during the renovation in 1793. On the north side there is a walled up arched door. The rectangular nave was equipped with a flat beamed ceiling, in the choir there was a star vault , probably from the second half of the 15th century, with prominent ribs.

After the Thirty Years War the church got a pulpit altar and a box with tendril carvings. A motif was from the 18th century. The first church tower had to be demolished in 1830 because it was dilapidated, and a new building took place in 1850. Before the Second World War, warm air heating and electric lights were installed.

In the last days of the war, probably around March 20, 1945, German pioneers blew up the church tower, which fell into the nave and set off a fire, so that little of the precious wooden altar could be saved.

In April 1986 the partially preserved star rib vault over the choir collapsed because the church remained unsecured after the war. In 1998, the church ruins were secured in the course of the “ Village Renewal ” funding program .

The bell can be found in a rack outside the church.

A special feature of the church is on the northeast side: a 40 × 30 cm chessboard piece was discovered at a height of about 40 cm .

On the southwest side of the church are the pastors' graves of Carl August Weinholz (1795–1854), Johann Jeremias Gutbier (* 1834), pastor and district school inspector, Julius Lieber (1805–1881), Wilhelmine Lieber, née. Ritthausen (1803–1885), Marie Jaerchow, b. Kassubeck (1868–1940), Anna Ritthausen, b. Sydow (1867-1931), Johannes Ritthausen (1865-1936). Inside there is an iron memorial plaque for Johannes August Hurtig (1847–1870), a farmer's son in the village.

In the cemetery you can find the resting place of the Schrape family as well as grave sites for those who died in the Second World War.

See also: List of architectural monuments in Lebus

Source of adonis

Adonisquelle by Roland Rother

In 1934 there was the Adolf Hitler Park at the western end of the village green . It encompassed a lawn with a pond, which was lined with rose , foot , laurel and box bushes . After the end of the Second World War, soldiers of the Red Army were temporarily buried in the park in 1945 until they could be transferred to the cemetery in Lebus . The pond was filled in and on August 8, 1955, the last tree was felled, a Hitler oak . In the decades that followed, the facility fell into disrepair until the volunteer fire brigade built a fire fighting pond on the site in the 1970s.

In the course of the village renewal, the German sculptor Roland Rother from Wilmersdorf bei Briesen could be won over to redesign the facility. He erected a stone wall to remind of the formation of the landscape in the course of the last ice age: A moat symbolizes the drainage of a ground moraine into a newly created pond. This could now take up fire water again. The facility was inaugurated on May 1, 1997. An electric pump that is supposed to pump water from the pond into the spring was no longer in operation in April 2014. The pond, which is up to four meters deep, had to be fenced in against Rothers will for security reasons. With the naming, the artist wants to create a reference to the bloom of the Adonis beauty, which characterizes the place.

Avenue of the annual trees

There is an avenue of trees at the entrance to the nature trail. It has been made up of the trees of the year since 1989 ; The tree that was newly determined in the previous year is planted every year for the Adonis migration.

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Main statute of the city of Lebus from February 12, 2009 PDF
  2. ↑ Information board “The school building, today's manufacture” in Mallnow, no date
  3. ↑ Information board "The eastern part of the village green" in Mallnow, no date
  4. ↑ Information board "A long time ago" in Mallnow, no date
  5. ↑ Information board "War Memorial" in Mallnow, no date
  6. ↑ Information board "The time of the LPG" in Mallnow, no date
  7. ↑ Information board "The time of agricultural products Mallnow / Schonfließ eG" in Mallnow, no date
  8. ↑ Information board "Voluntary Fire Brigade Mallow" in Mallnow, no date
  9. ^ Incorporation of the Mallnow community into the city of Lebus. Communication from the Ministry of the Interior of November 30, 2001. Official Journal for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 12, Number 51, December 19, 2001, p. 879 PDF .
  10. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Historical municipality directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 - Landkreis Märkisch-Oderland, article 19.6, State Office for Data Processing and Statistics Land Brandenburg, Potsdam 2006
  11. ↑ Systematic and alphabetical directory of the municipalities of the German Democratic Republic, (territorial status January 1, 1952) Status of the population as of October 29, 1946, Government of the German Democratic Republic - Central Statistical Office -
  12. ↑ Location and community directory Brandenburg, state survey and geographic base information Brandenburg
  13. ↑ Märkische Oderzeitung : Cozy warmth from Western Siberia from October 15, 2003.
  14. ↑ To the landscape of the office Lebus Labus on the homepage of the office
  15. ^ History - Mallnow. In: mallnow.de. April 12, 2019, accessed April 12, 2019 .
  16. ↑ Sign pointing to the Adonis spring at the pond in Mallnow

Web links

Commons : Mallnow  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  1. Numbered list entry