Rehfelde
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ' N , 13 ° 56' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Märkisch-Oderland | |
| Office : | Märkische Schweiz | |
| Height : | 55 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 46.51 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 5152 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 111 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 15345 | |
| Area code : | 033435 | |
| License plate : | MOL, FRW, SEE, SRB | |
| Community key : | 12 0 64 408 | |
| LOCODE : | DE RE3 | |
| Community structure: | 3 districts | |
| Office administration address: | Hauptstraße 1 15377 Buckow (Märkische Schweiz) |
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| Mayor : | Patrick Gumpricht | |
| Location of the municipality of Rehfelde in the district of Märkisch-Oderland | ||
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Rehfelde is a municipality in the Märkisch-Oderland district in Brandenburg and is part of the Märkische Schweiz department .
geography
Rehfelde is about 30 kilometers east of Berlin and is on the Berlin – Kostrzyn railway line . The municipality is traversed by the Lichtenower Mühlenfließ (also Zinndorfer Mühlenfließ , Zinndorfer Fließ , or Garzauer Mühlenfließ ).
Community structure
Since the Brandenburg municipal area reform in 2003, Rehfelde has been divided into the following districts:
- (Old) Rehfelde with the inhabited part of the municipality Rehfelde-Dorf and the residential areas Herrensee and Rehfelde-Siedlung
- Werder with the residential areas Rotes Luch and Sophienfelde (parts of the Rote Luchs, however, belong to the municipality of Waldsieversdorf )
- Zinndorf with the inhabited part of the municipality Heidekrug
There are the following locations:
- Rehfelde: Bahnhof, Herrenhorst, new development area Schillerstraße / Goethestraße (colloquially "Legoland")
- Herrensee: Doraushof
history
Early days
Traces of settlement from the Neolithic to the earlier Bronze Age are proven in the region. In addition, finds from the Slav period were found in the Werder residential area, which inhabited the Barnim until the middle of the 12th century. The Wettins gradually pushed them back and built villages and towns to consolidate their rule. Experts suspect that this is how Rehfelde, Werder and Zinndorf might have been created in the period around 1210 to 1220.
13th to 19th centuries
Rehfelde was the first time in 1247 in a document of the Margraves Johann I and Otto III. Mentioned by Brandenburg as Revelde and belonged to the Zinna monastery in Jüterbog . In the 13th century the residents built the Rehfelde church . The place appeared in 1375 as "Renefeldt" in the land book of Charles IV. The existence of a jug is also known from this year. The formerly independent villages of Werder and Zinndorf were first mentioned in a document in 1309 and 1375, respectively. The village remained in the possession of the Cistercians for around 300 years . The first pastor, Nicolaus Grawert, is recorded in 1471 . The first feudal scholar , also from 1471, was Bartholomeus Schröder . In 1499 the parish added the west tower to the sacred building . In 1547 the place came to the office of Rüdersdorf in the course of the Reformation under Joachim II . From this time on, the inhabitants paid the taxes and compulsory labor to the Brandenburg Electorate. A customs office in the forester's house has come down to us from 1565 ; A forge must have existed in 1580. Rehfelde was not spared from the Thirty Years' War either: around two thirds of the population lost their lives. In addition, there were plague epidemics in 1626, 1638 and 1642. At the beginning of the 18th century, the community had largely recovered from the blows of fate. In 1713 Johann Schujahn began teaching in the rectory. In 1722 the congregation renovated the church and built a richly decorated altar and a pulpit. There is also a record of the existence of a forge from this period. In 1730 and 1731 large parts of the harvest were destroyed by locusts . The community probably built the first school building around 1740. The first trained teacher came with Carl Friedrich Köppen in the years 1782 to 1789 in the place. In the course of the Prussian reforms , the peasant liberation also found its way into Rehfelde with effect from November 11, 1810. However, the coalition wars brought new suffering with arson, billeting of soldiers and mistreatment of the population. The residents built a windmill in 1820. Another economic upswing followed the connection to the Prussian Eastern Railway from 1858. The line opened on October 1, 1867. As a result, several farmers settled near the train station; new settlements emerged, the so-called colonies . The first train station was built in 1874 and consisted only of a waiting hall and a clock on the two platforms. In 1895 another forge opened in town. The old cemetery closed on March 7, 1897. From this point on, burials took place in the new cemetery on Klosterdorfer Weg.
20th and 21st centuries
The population continued to grow and in 1904 another school building was built north of the church. With the laying of the foundation stone for a plywood factory in 1906, a manufacturing company came to Rehfelde for the first time. On September 3, 1907, after the fastening screws in the sleepers of a piece of rail had been loosened, the express train No. 6 from Insterburg to Berlin derailed at night at a speed of approx. 85 km / h at Rehfelde station. Some of the car overturned. Grease gas containers in the dining car broke, the gas leaked out and caught fire. The car burned completely, the two neighboring cars half burned. One traveler was burned and eight people were injured. For catching the perpetrator or perpetrators, a reward of initially 2,000 marks was offered , which was later increased to 5,000 marks - in vain. A year later the community built the station building; another year later the post office was opened. On July 12, 1908, twelve citizens founded a volunteer fire brigade, which was deployed a month later when a barn burned. In 1909 and 1910, the municipality expanded the station to include a storage shed and a loading ramp. In view of the increasing number of passengers, the waiting room was extended by an extension, which also housed a ticket office and a restaurant. In 1909 the signal box and a brick building for the families of the railway workers were built. On the other side of the track, the community built three more brick buildings and a representative restaurant that was used as a savings bank in the 21st century. At the beginning of the 20th century the population rose sharply. The reason for this was rising rents in Berlin, which led to increased immigration. During the First World War , 24 residents of the community lost their lives.
The local group of the KPD was founded in 1922 , five years later that of the SPD . In 1928 the community built a new elementary school in Rehfelde-Siedlung. This new area emerged as well as the districts Bahnhof, Richterswalde, Herrensee and Herrenhorst due to the increasing influx. The Herrensee stop was created on the initiative of the residents of Berlin who moved there at the time and had settled in the region since 1900. They wanted a direct train connection and therefore took over the costs of building and maintaining the facility. The inauguration of the stop with the two platforms took place on July 8, 1928. A few years later, the citizens expanded the facility to include a station keeper's house, a ticket office and a signal box. During the time of National Socialism , some citizens of the community offered resistance, including the communist Wilhelm Betke and the pastor Otto Perels . During World War II , several houses were destroyed in air raids in 1944. Around 100 people lost their lives due to the war. The Central Front of the Red Army advanced on Berlin in April 1945 and asked the residents to leave the community on April 17, 1945. Refugees who had already arrived moved further north, but were sent back there.
During the land reform from 1945 to 1949, the state distributed around 1,000 hectares of land to resettlers and farmers who built new farms. On February 20, 1953, the LPG Friedrich Ebert was founded , which was later renamed Red Star . The forge in Rehfelde-Dorf closed in 1960. In the years that followed, numerous new buildings were built, for example the expansion of the school in 1966 and the construction of the sports facility in 1975. A daycare center opened on January 10, 1984, and a youth club on October 7, 1989.
After the fall of the Wall , many of the existing industrial companies stopped production. This loss was partially compensated for in the 2000s. The number of residential buildings more than doubled between 1990 and 2013. Rehfelde is one of the few rural communities in the district whose population is increasing.
Administrative history
Rehfelde belonged to the Niederbarnim district in the province of Brandenburg since 1817 and to the Strausberg district in the GDR district of Frankfurt (Oder) from 1952 . The municipality has been in the Brandenburg district of Märkisch-Oderland since 1993.
On October 26, 2003 Werder and Zinndorf were incorporated into Rehfelde.
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
Community representation
The community council consists of 16 community representatives and the honorary mayor.
| Party / group of voters | Seats |
|---|---|
| FOR Rehfelde, Werder, Zinndorf | 4th |
| Citizens' Community Rehfelde | 3 |
| LEFT | 2 |
| Voting group "future" | 2 |
| AfD | 2 |
| CDU | 2 |
| GREEN | 1 |
(As of: local election on May 26, 2019 )
mayor
- 1998–2003: Arno Neumenn (FDP)
- 2003–2008: Lutz Schwarz
- 2008–2019: Reiner Donath (active voter group)
- since 2019: Patrick Gumpricht (FOR Rehfelde, Werder, Zinndorf)
In the mayoral election on June 16, 2019, Gumpricht was elected unopposed candidate with 79.5% of the valid votes for a term of five years.
badges and flags
The coat of arms was approved on October 16, 1997. It was designed by heraldist Frank Diemar . His blazon is: "In green under a raised red-silver slanting bar, a golden roebuck on a silver floor."
In addition, the municipality wields a flag with the municipality's coat of arms on a white background.
Partner municipality
On October 12, 2005, Rehfelde signed a partnership agreement with the municipality of Zwierzyn in Poland. An exchange takes place, for example, on the occasion of the community days in Zwierzyn, the folk festival in Rehfelde or on an annual "Friendship Bike Tour".
Sights and culture
The list of monuments in Rehfelde includes the monuments entered in the list of monuments of the State of Brandenburg.
- Evangelical village church Sankt Annen in the district Zinndorf , a late Romanesque church built around 1250 by monks of the Cistercians with field stones and boulders.
- Church Rehfelde , choir square church , which was built in the second half of the 13th century from regularly layered field stones. The tower was built at a later date. In the flat roofed church there is a pulpit, an altar and an organ gallery from 1722 and a cup-shaped fountain made of Rüdersdorf limestone . It is the oldest surviving building in town.
- Village church in Werder : The field stone church was built around 1234 as a choir square church , which was expanded to include a nave in 1499 and a steeple in the middle of the 15th century. Inside there is a font made of Rüdersdorfer limestone from 1553 and a pair of candlesticks from the 16th century. One of the two bells has a diameter of 1.13 meters.
- Local history museum in an outbuilding of the school, shows a permanent exhibition on local history. The focus is on the history of the village and school as well as the history of craftsmen and industry. Another focus is on the development of the Prussian Eastern Railway. The volunteer members of the Heimatstube offer guided hikes and maintain a nature trail.
- Hiking trail Lilien-Rundweg , leads about 17 kilometers from Rehfelde train station along the Feldsteinkirchen to Garzau-Garzin and via Werder and Zinndorf back to Rehfelde. Another circular route leads to the Rotes Luch moorland . There is also an approximately two-kilometer nature trail with an insect hotel , a boulder trail , a 165-year-old spruce slice, and information boards on the flora and fauna.
- The only German-Polish song trail in Germany that the Rehfelder Sängerkreis opened on the occasion of its 25th anniversary in 2013. For this purpose, the members set up 33 hewn granite stones and boulders on a twelve-kilometer hiking trail. The song boards with 25 German and eight Polish folk songs are attached to the stones in order to “further express the love of home and solidarity with the region”.
- Herrensee, two kilometers from the stop of the same name, is part of the Lange Dammwiesen and Lower Annatal nature reserve . A circular path leads around the lake. Display boards provide information about the fauna and flora in the area.
- Events
Events take place regularly in the community, for example Easter bonfires in all districts, a bike tour to the Sattelfest in Altlandsberg on the last Sunday in April or the Zinndorfer Oktoberfest on the first weekend in October. The community continues to participate in the Brandenburg country party .
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
According to an information leaflet from the Märkische Schweiz office from 2015, a total of around 450 traders and self-employed people are active in Rehfelde. They work in agriculture, transport and construction, in warehouse management and in energy generation.
traffic
Rehfelde lies on the national road 233 between Tasdorf at the Bundesstrasse 1 / 5 and Strausberg .
The Herrensee and Rehfelde stops are on the so-called Ostbahn . They are served every hour by the regional train line RB 26 Berlin Ostkreuz - Kostrzyn during the day .
education
The Rehfelde primary school exists in the community, in which a total of 18 teachers teach 236 students in 2015. They occupy the premises in the historical school building, House 1 with the teaching kitchen and dining room and the new building (House 2) with a computer room and learning workshop. Smaller children can visit the Raxli-Faxli after-school care center, the Fuchsbau Rehfelde day-care center and the Zinndorf day-care center. The latter received the House of Little Researchers award in 2011 . The residents also have access to the “Gleis 3” youth club and a community library with around 11,500 books. In 2015 a total of eleven associations were active in the community. The sports field is the only base of the DFB in the state of Brandenburg. A model flying club has been operating an airfield in Werder since 2012.
Personalities
- Moritz Heimann (1868–1925), writer and editor , born in Werder
- Udo Düllick (1936–1961), one of the first to die on the Berlin Wall , was born in Werder
literature
- Erika Schwarz, Gerhard Schwarz: Rehfelde. A village on the Barnim. Hentrich & Hentrich Verlag Berlin, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-95565-028-5 .
- Erika Schwarz, Gerhard Schwarz: Rehfelde. The history of its streets. Hentrich & Hentrich Verlag Berlin, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-95565-078-0 .
- Office Märkische Schweiz (Ed.): Community Rehfelde , Buckow (Märkische Schweiz), edition 2015, p. 34.
- Office Märkische Schweiz (Ed.): The community Rehfelde , flyer, without date.
- Image brochure of the municipality of Rehfelde , website of the administration portal , (PDF), accessed on May 26, 2015.
Web links
- Website of the Rehfelde community , accessed on May 25, 2015.
- Website of the Office of Märkische Schweiz , accessed on May 25, 2015.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ^ Service portal of the state administration Brandenburg. Rehfelde community
- ↑ The history of Rehfelde and its districts , website of the municipality of Rehfelde, accessed on May 25, 2015.
- ↑ Information board on the Prussian Eastern Railway, set up at Rehfelde station, inspection in May 2015.
- ^ Ludwig Ritter von Stockert : Railway accidents. A contribution to railway operations theory. , Vol. 1. Leipzig 1913, p. 270, No. 199.
- ↑ Landkreis Märkisch-Oderland, Powiat Gorzowski (ed.): Small overview of the former Hoppegarten – Drezdenko Eastern Railway , 2013, p. 64.
- ↑ Rehfelde 1247 , website maerkische-schweiz.com, accessed on May 28, 2015.
- ^ Rehfelde with its districts Werder and Zinndorf , website of the Office of Märkische Schweiz, accessed on May 28, 2015.
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003
- ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Landkreis Märkisch-Oderland . Pp. 30-33
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Results of the municipal elections in 1998 (mayoral elections) for the district of Märkisch-Oderland ( memento of the original from April 1, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Local elections October 26, 2003. Mayoral elections , p. 26
- ↑ Local elections in the state of Brandenburg on September 28, 2008. Mayoral elections , p. 9
- ↑ Section 73 of the Brandenburg Local Election Act
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on June 16, 2019
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
- ↑ Flag information from the main statute of the municipality (PDF; 59 kB)
- ↑ Rehfelde Lilien-Rundtour , website of Märkische Schweiz, (PDF; 415 kB), accessed on May 28, 2015.
- ^ Rehfelder Sängerkreis eV: Song path Rehfelde - Werder - Zinndorf , flyer, no date
- ^ Office Märkische Schweiz (Ed.): Rehfelde - The Green Gate to Märkische Schweiz , Flyer, no date, p. 4.
- ↑ Associations , website of the Office of Märkische Schweiz, accessed on May 28, 2015.
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