Sankt-Annen-Kirche Zinndorf

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Church tower with sound hatch , button and weathercock

The Sankt-Annen-Kirche is the Protestant church of Zinndorf , a district of the municipality Rehfelde in the district of Märkisch-Oderland in Brandenburg .

The stone church consists of a slightly drawn-in transverse rectangular west tower and a nave with a straight east end. The very simple, rectangular hall construction dates from the 13th century, the church tower was very likely raised in the 14th century. Spared from the effects of war and fires, the original building has remained largely unchanged. The interior of the church is adorned by an altarpiece from 1606 with a richly designed Renaissance structure . The church is dedicated to Saint Anne - in the upper part of the sacrament house there is an Anna herself from the 16th century. The church stands in the middle of the village green and is surrounded by the former churchyard . The partially crumbled, enclosing field stone wall with a late Gothic cemetery portal was completely restored in 1998/99.

Affiliation, community and current use

The first mention of the Angerdorf Zinndorf took place in 1375 Landbuch Karl IV. As Cynnendorf = village of the monastery Zinna . Church and village therefore belonged to the Cistercians of tin, which in the western limestone quarry Rüdersdorf since 1254 at the latest the breakdown of limestone before exaggerated and their possessions on the Barnim east to Stobber / Loecknitz -Lauf stretched, the border area of influence of the Bishopric of Lebus made . The land register of 1375 records 66 hooves for the village  . The pastor had four of them and the church had one hoof. The church patronage was in 1542 with the Abbot of Zinna. In the Middle Ages, Zinndorf had two branch churches with Kagel and Kienbaum . After the secularization of the monastery in 1553, Zinndorf came to the office of Rüdersdorf .

Since 2001, the previous parish of Zinndorf has been part of the Evangelical Church Community of Herzfelde-Rehfelde in the Oderland-Spree parish of the Evangelical Church in Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia (EKBO). To preserve and care for the cultural monument, parishioners founded the “Förderverein Sankt-Annen-Kirche Zinndorf e. V. ". In addition to regular church services, concerts as part of the series “Music in Village Churches in Märkische Schweiz” or Advent concerts are held in the church; Cistercian chants and songs by the Benedictine nun Hildegard von Bingen were performed at an event .

Architecture and building history

Conversions and dimensions

The church was built in the 13th century and is usually dated to around 1250. Most likely in the 14th century the church tower was raised and the east gable was erected. According to Matthias Friske, the exclusive use of field stones and the lack of bricks and limestone point to this time, even if the construction phase can hardly be determined. Otherwise, the original building from the 13th century has largely been preserved unchanged. In contrast to various other church buildings on the southern Barnim such as Bollersdorf , the Zinndorfer Church survived the Thirty Years War (1618–1648) and the two world wars of the 20th century unscathed. There is no evidence of the renovations, which certainly took place over the centuries. A renovation is documented in the years 1907 to 1910, during which a previously applied plaster was removed from the outer walls and the church was restored to its old appearance. In addition, two walled-up windows in the east facade were broken open, a heating system was installed and some of the interior fittings were replaced. Between the late 1980s and 2003, the roof structure , the windows, the interior plaster and the tower clock were renewed. In the course of this work, the partially crumbled, fencing field stone wall and the late Gothic cemetery portal were completely restored in 1998/99 .

The nave is given a length of 23 meters and a width of 9.5 meters; the wall thickness is 1.6 meters. The tower has a length of 5.1 meters, a width of 8.7 meters and a height of 26 meters. The masonry of the ship and the tower up to the height of the ship consists of regular field stones .

Steeple

North side with enclosed field stone wall and late Gothic cemetery portal

Above the eaves height of the ship, the stone masonry of the tower becomes more irregular and fragmented. Corner blocks stabilize the edges. What is unusual for church buildings from the 13th century is that the width of the tower has been reduced by 0.8 meters compared to the nave. The reason for this is not known. In the west facade of the tower there is a narrow, slightly arched gate, today the only access to the church building. Next to the gate, a boulder is leaned against the wall on both sides . Apart from two sound hatches under the roof, the wide west facade is otherwise windowless. The opposite east side has a sound hatch on both sides and at the height of the roof ridge of the ship. In the narrow north and south facade there are four ogival openings, which are arranged one above the other: two very narrow windows are followed by a somewhat wider sound hatch and above again a narrow window that extends to the eaves height of the roof. The north facade is also equipped with a clock with a Roman dial under the sound hatch . Sound lamellas are inserted into all sound windows to protect the bell chamber from penetrating driving rain.

The north and south facades are slightly above the roof of the steep, with red roof tiles covered gabled roof pulled out and cover it. As a decorative element, two crenellated turrets are placed on each corner of the facade . The gable roof is crowned by a weather vane with a button and a weathercock .

Nave

Traces of the foundations suggest that the simple hall building had an extension on the southeast side, which very likely contained a sacristy - at this point the wall has been heavily repaired and a walled gate can still be seen in the choir , which led into the extension. Two former gates can be seen on the north and south walls. The north and south sides each have four arched windows with a baroque shape, but according to Matthias Friske they should correspond to the original number. In the facade of the straight east end, which, like the tower elevation, most likely dates back to the 14th century, there is a group of three windows with a slightly raised central window, above which are three large staggered, white plastered panels in the gable . Corresponding to the tower, two decorative crenellated turrets are placed on the corners of the facade. In the gable roof, which is covered with red roof tiles, a bat dormer is embedded on both sides . The roof rises slightly in the first quarter - up to the height of the dormers - and then steeply.

Bells

The Sankt-Annen-Kirche has three bells : a small death bell, an after-work bell and a large bell with a diameter of 1.14 meters, which dates from 1592 and was cast in Frankfurt (Oder) . A crucifix and winged angel heads are placed on the bell . It bears the inscription:

"VERBUM DOMINI MANET in aeternum 1 5 9 2 AVS DEM FEIR I AM FLOWED BASTIAN PREGER FROM FRANCKFORT ON THE OR HAS POURED ME."

- Inscription of the bell from 1592

inner space

Equipment and inventory

A beamed ceiling spans the interior. Compared to other churches in southern Barnim, the equipment is rich. After the Reformation , but only around 1600, according to Friske, large funds must have been made available to decorate the church. During this period the bell (1592), the altar and probably also the pulpit, the baptismal font and other inventory were made.

One of the four windows on the south side of the ship
Sacrament house

On the east wall to the left of the altar is the sacrament house , which is dated to the 15th or 16th century. In the lower part of the approximately three and a half meter high brick building there is a flat-arched niche, above it an elongated and a round-arched niche. The gable end consists of crab-like bricks and an elongated attachment. One of the niches houses the 66 centimeter high Anna herself from the 16th century. The figure of the namesake of the Sankt-Annen-Kirche is carved from pine wood.

altar

The altar stipes are made of regular field stones and probably date from the 13th century. It has a height of 0.98, a depth of 1.00 and a width of 2.05 meters. At the back there is a wood-lined niche with a small door, the sepulcrum for relics . The wood-carved altarpiece , erected in 1606, has a richly designed Renaissance structure . The predella represents the Last Supper - a common predella motif. The relief in the middle shows the resurrection of Christ , flanked on the left by Luther and Melanchthon . This is followed by depictions of the Ascension of Christ and the Last Judgment . The crowning glory is the pelican with his three boys as a symbol for Jesus Christ in Christian iconography . The pelican tears its chest open with its beak in order to nourish its young with its own heart's blood. On both sides of the upper relief are the figures of the four evangelists : Matthew , Mark , Luke and John . Barriers to the right and left of the altar table, also from 1606, refer to the celebration of the Lord's Supper, when the communicants walk around the altar and receive the body and blood of Christ with bread and wine .

Baptismal font

The cup-shaped font is said to be from the 14th / 15th centuries. It dates back to the 16th century, but according to Friske it cannot be dated due to its simple design. Comparisons with similar baptisms, such as that of the neighboring Rehfelde , would suggest a date in the 16th century. The unadorned stone consists of Rüdersdorfer Kalk and has been painted in more recent times. It has a height of 84 and a top diameter of 65 centimeters. After the baptism was replaced by watering or sprinkling the person to be baptized, a baptismal bowl was purchased, probably in the 16th or 17th century. The inlaid bowl is embossed in brass and decorated with a sun wheel and plants.

The wood-carved pulpit , which was probably built at the same time as the altar in the typical Renaissance decor, is attached to the south wall of the nave. It shows Christ as a teacher with a book and the four evangelists. Above is the eye of God with the Hebrew name of God. The furnishings also include four consecration crosses and a couple of brass candelabra , which Friske dates back to the 17th century at the latest. A bronze chandelier with 16 candles, which a pastor's wife gave to the church in 1848, comes from more recent times . The inventory mentioned: 1542 a silver chalice , 1600 the corresponding paten , an old velvet chasuble and a missal .

organ

The organ gallery is on the north wall of the ship. The organ is said to have been bought in 1883 and financed by contributions from the community and the church treasury. As far as this dating is correct, the organ must have had a predecessor from around 1800. The New Nekrolog der Deutschen reports about the Zinndorf pastor Johann Carl Pape (born December 22, 1760 in Zinndorf; † April 4, 1827):

“The place of his glorious activity as a preacher was also his place of birth, and his father was a preacher there before him. […] In May 1795 he became his father's adjunct in Zinndorf and after his death in June 1798 he followed him in the parish office, which he held until his death. […] The church in Zinndorf owes the organ to his efforts, for the construction of which he collected the costs privately and made a significant contribution himself. He devoted his leisure hours to music, which he loved with enthusiasm, so that almost regularly amateur amateurs from the neighborhood met in Zinndorf for joint music performances; Many a musician who is now excellent has received his first impulse and education from him. "

- New German necrology, 1829

literature

Web links

Commons : Sankt-Annen-Kirche Zinndorf  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin. Volume 13 of the Brandenburg Historical Studies on behalf of the Brandenburg Historical Commission. be.bra Wissenschaft, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-937233-30-X , ISSN  1860-2436 , p. 191.
  2. ↑ Helmut Assing. P. 73.
  3. ^ Eva Driescher: Settlement history and anthropogenic changes in the waters in the catchment area of ​​the Löcknitz. ( Memento of the original from May 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 4.5 MB) In: Water Ecology in Northern Germany. Issue 3, 1996. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.igb-berlin.de
  4. ↑ Gottfried Wentz : The Zinna Cistercian monastery . In: Germania Sacra . First department: The dioceses of the Church Province of Magdeburg . Third volume: The Diocese of Brandenburg . Second part. Edited by Fritz Bünger and Gottfried Wentz . Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1941, p. 242 ( photomechanical reprint 1963 ).
  5. ↑ Evangelical parish Herzfelde-Rehfelde.
  6. ^ Official gazette of the Evangelical Church in Berlin-Brandenburg. No. 8, August 29, 2001, p. 125.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 147 kB); Website of the church district@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.kirchenrecht-ekbo.de  
  7. ↑ Cistercian chants in the St. Anne's Church in Zinndorfer . In: Blickpunkt, Strausberger Edition, June 28, 2000.
  8. ^ Matthias Friske, pp. 382, ​​384f.
  9. ↑ a b c d e Rehfelde-Info: Sankt Annen-Kirche Zinndorf .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / rehfelde.info  
  10. ↑ a b c Matthias Friske, pp. 382, ​​385
  11. ^ Matthias Friske, pp. 382, ​​384.
  12. ↑ Information and inscription based on: Matthias Friske, p. 384
  13. ^ Matthias Friske, p. 384.
  14. ↑ Matthias Friske, pp. 382–385.
  15. ^ Friedrich August Schmidt, Bernhardt Friedrich Voigt: New Nekrolog der Deutschen. Volume 5 Part 1 , Verlag Bernh. Ms. Voigt, Ilmenau 1829, p. 358.

Coordinates: 52 ° 30 ′ 9 ″  N , 13 ° 55 ′ 24 ″  E