Bollersdorf village church

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Feldsteinkirche Bollersdorf in April 2011

The village church Bollersdorf is the Protestant church of Bollersdorf, a district of the municipality Oberbarnim in the district of Märkisch-Oderland in Brandenburg . The village is located in the Märkische Schweiz nature park .

The field stone church is said to date from the time of the Bollersdorf complex, which was first mentioned in 1375 in Charles IV's land register . There is no evidence to support the assumption that Bollersdorf was founded around 1124 as part of the German settlement in the east . Matthias Friske dates today's church building to the 15th or early 16th century. The single-aisled hall church with choir at the east end got its present appearance mainly with the new west tower from 1861 and the reconstruction after a fire in 1951. The building and the churchyard enclosure are under monument protection .

Affiliation, community and current use

Probably laid out in the 13th or 14th century when the village was founded, the original church had one hoof in 1375 and the parish five . 1486 acquired the Cistercian - Kloster Friedland Bollersdorf and took over the church patronage . However, the church did not come to Sedes Friedland like the other patronage churches of the monastery , but to Sedes Strausberg in 1495 . After the secularization in 1540/46, the monastery property went to the subsequent rule of Friedland. After an interlude in the Sedes Prädikow , the church came to Sedes Buckow in 1561 through a recess prescribed by Elector Joachim II . Today, the church part of the "parochial parish Märkische Switzerland" in the church district Fürstenwalde-Strausberg the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Oberlausitz (EKBO). In addition to regular church services, concerts are held in the church as part of the Märkische Schweiz music summer, field stones and music . The church is also on the Oberbarnimer Feldstein route .

Building history and architecture

Choir

Theodor Fontane wrote in 1863 in his walks through the Mark Brandenburg (Volume 2, Oderland): The village of Bollersdorf, whose small Gothic church gives the bare plateau a picturesque charm, is of no importance. The simple, single-nave hall building has a choir at Ostschluss and a massive, square west tower with a pyramidal roof from the year 1861. The nave is of a steep gable roof covered. According to Friske, the total length (without the tower) is 15 meters, of which the

The myth of the fortified church

Nothing is known about the original church structure. According to the “Local Action Group Märkische Schweiz e. V. "and Thomas Worch is the medieval Gothic building probably as a fortified church built Service. The more recent scientific discussion, such as at the Leipzig village church conference in 2005, however, comes to the conclusion that the term fortified church is not applicable to any single Brandenburg church. Engeser / Stehr also state:

“The weight of the west towers has often earned the Brandenburg village churches the attribute" fortified churches ". This was a popular interpretation, especially during the Third Reich . Lately the function of the medieval stone churches as "fortified churches" has been weakened somewhat. They are still granted a protective function ("protective church"). At least the attribute "fortified church" must definitely be referred to the realm of the art of mythology for most churches, [...]. "

- Theo Engeser and Konstanze Stehr: Medieval village churches in Brandenburg. 1999/2004.

Destruction and repairs in the 17th / 18th centuries century

Lead-glazed window from the renovation in 1861

In the Thirty Years War (1618-1648) the church was so badly damaged that it was subsequently unused for a long time. In 1748 the cracked bell was repaired or cast. The bell founder Johann Friedrich Thiele from Berlin received 37 thalers and 3 groschen for this work  . The present medieval bell probably got into the church in 1952, from where is unknown. In 1754, thirty mulberry trees were obtained from Friedland and a silkworm plantation was established around the church . In 1757, the Wriezen master carpenter Christoph Seiffert built a new tower for 205 thalers. The church tower only lasted a few decades, because in 1792 a strong storm damaged the tower so much that it threatened to collapse. The landlady Helene Charlotte von Friedland , who became known as "Frau von Friedland", had it removed. A document from September 25, 1793, which was found in a time capsule in the button of the simple wooden tower built in 1793, provides information about this event:

“The great storm that raged in local areas on December 19, 1792, which damaged many buildings and even devastated entire forests, also shook the tower of the local church with such violence that, when it was threatened with collapse, it also shook the church building on it, and even for people, could have been life-threatening. This moved the current rule to have this tower demolished in September 1793. The button and its flag have both been retained, in the first of which the reinserted tin capsule was found, so eaten away by rust that the message that had been in it was lost, but nothing of coins was found. […] Coins were placed in the box with this message, which the now reigning King, Majesty Friedrich Wilhelm II, had minted this year, namely a thaler piece, an eight-penny piece and a penny piece. "

- Cunersdorff, September 25, 1793.

The certificate bears the drawing: Cunersdorff, September 25, 1793. Charlotte Helene von Friedland, née von Lestwitz, Friedrich Krahmer, conducting and Justitz Mayor of Müncheberg. Justitiario of the Friedland Office. In addition, the deed reports on the ownership structure and informs that the landlady Helene Charlotte von Friedland lives in Kunersdorf . She then gives a brief overview of the landlady's life in those years and gives the names of the preacher, school-keeper, village mayor and judge at the time. In 1861, under the church patron and lord of the Itzenplitz , extensive renovations and new buildings were made with neo-Gothic elements. In addition to a west tower, the church received pointed arches , lead-glazed windows . After the church caught fire in 1945 due to careless cooking, reconstruction and redesign in the Märkische style began in 1951 by the builder Günzel from Buckow.

Interior decoration and church treasure

The interior of the Bollersdorfer Feldsteinkirche has a boarded-up ceiling with carved beams and a one-sided, also pointed triumphal arch . There is a gallery on one side . The choir is equipped with a star vault . In 1778 a baptismal angel was purchased for eight thalers . However, the entire interior was destroyed in the fire in 1945, including a carved altar , which is said to have been bought in 1585, and the organ . The church does not have a new organ (as of 2012).

The jewel in the church treasure trove was preserved , a Saxon elector's bible from 1618. The bible of the Leipzig bookseller Zacharias Schürer († January 18, 1629) was printed in Wittenberg by Johann Richter. It has a richly decorated leather binding and bears the title Biblia with the indication:

“Biblia: This is All the Holy Scriptures. German. M. Luth. Now from new to the last copy read over by D. Luthero with diligent correction, in addition to the summaries of Viti Dieterich, about each chapter, useful time, history and teaching registers ... "

- Biblia, Zacharias Schürer, 1618.

The weighty, twenty centimeter thick book should also contain images of various Saxon electors on the first pages .

literature

Web links

Commons : Dorfkirche Bollersdorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin , Volume 13 of the Brandenburg Historical Studies on behalf of the Brandenburg Historical Commission. be.bra Wissenschaft, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-937233-30-X , ISSN  1860-2436 , p. 30.
  2. ↑ Märkische Schweiz. Bollersdorf, around 1224 .
  3. ↑ a b c Matthias Friske, p. 108.
  4. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Landkreis Märkisch-Oderland (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
  5. ^ Rudolf Schmidt, p. 203.
  6. ↑ Gustav Abb : The Cistercian nunnery in Old Friedland . In: Germania Sacra. First department: The dioceses of the Church Province of Magdeburg . First volume: The Diocese of Brandenburg . First part. Edited by Gustav Abb and Gottfried Wentz . Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1929. Photomechanical reprint 1963. pp. 351, 357.
  7. ↑ Rudolf Schmidt, pp. 204f.
  8. ^ Churches in Buckow (Märkische Schweiz): visiting card. Parish district Märkische Schweiz .
  9. ^ Office Märkische Schweiz. Music summer. Field stone and music .
  10. ^ Theodor Fontane, p. 111.
  11. ↑ Local Action Group Märkische Schweiz e. V .: Feldsteinkirche Bollersdorf .
  12. ^ A b c Thomas Worch: Oderbruch: Nature and culture in eastern Brandenburg . 2nd act. and exp. Edition, Trescher Verlag , Berlin 2008, ISBN 3-897941-33-3 , p. 109.
  13. ↑ Dirk Höhne, Christine Kratzke (ed.): The medieval village church in the new federal states II. Function, form, meaning. Martin Luther University, Hallesche Contributions to Art History 8, Halle (Saale) 2006, ISBN 3-86010-867-0 .; see in particular chapter by Ernst Badstübner : Function and meaning of the transverse towers from the time of Ascanian rule in the Mark Brandenburg.
  14. ^ Theo Engeser and Konstanze Stehr: Medieval village churches in Brandenburg. 1999/2004.
  15. ↑ a b Rudolf Schmidt, p. 206
  16. ↑ Tower button certificate of September 25, 1793, quoted from Rudolf Schmidt, p. 206f.
  17. ↑ This Bible edition from 1618 is often referred to as the Saxon Electoral Bible , even if the “actual” Saxon Electoral Bible goes back to an order from Duke Ernst the Pious and was first printed in 1641. See: University of Erfurt: Ernst the Pious and the Elector Bible . Press release no .: 153/2011, November 9, 2011 .
  18. ↑ a b Thomas Berger: Bollersdorf's greatest treasure: The Saxon Elector's Bible. In: Märkische Oderzeitung (MOZ), May 25, 2000.
  19. ↑ German Bible editions 1466–1799: Biblia - Wittenberg 1618 .

Coordinates: 52 ° 34 ′ 51 ″  N , 14 ° 2 ′ 58 ″  E