Friedland Monastery

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Friedland Monastery
Ruins of the refectory and monastery church
Ruins of the refectory and monastery church
location Brandenburg in Germany
Lies in the diocese Diocese of Brandenburg
Coordinates: 52 ° 37 '28.6 "  N , 14 ° 12' 28.4"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 37 '28.6 "  N , 14 ° 12' 28.4"  E
founding year between 1230 and 1271
Year of dissolution /
annulment 		1540 / 1546

The monastery Friedland is a former Cistercian abbey in Altfriedland in the district Oderland in Brandenburg in the northeast corner of the Natural Park Märkische Switzerland .

After 1230 under the name Vredeland (, pacified country ') in the course of Ostsiedlung founded the monastery in had the High Middle Ages , a supporting role in the colonization of the Mark Brandenburg . Located on a headland between the Klostersee and Kietzer See on the edge of the Oderbruch , the Ascanians occupied the northeastern corner of the Löcknitz - Stobberow line with the land-securing monastery , which in particular separated the Barnim holdings of the Zinna monastery from the diocese of Lebus . The nunnery served as the house monastery of the Barnim nobility; especially the unmarried daughters of the Brandenburg landed nobility were accepted here. With extensive land holdings, including ten villages, twenty individual estates and eight lakes, the abbey was one of the wealthy monasteries of the Mark.

After the secularization in 1540, the monastery property was confiscated by the sovereign and after it was sold it was converted into a representative Brandenburg manor . Of the monastery buildings, only the ruins of the refectory , remains of a cloister and the nave of the early Gothic stone church , which is built over several times and is now used as a Protestant village church, have been preserved. Along with Chorin, the church and the remains of the building are considered to be the most important medieval monastery buildings in the region in terms of architectural history.

history

Foundation and function of securing land

As far as is known, the Ecclesia sanctae Mariae semper virginis in Vredeland was first mentioned in a document in 1271. The exact year of foundation, a possible donor and whether there was a mother monastery of the Cistercian order is not known. In addition to an entry in Charles IV's land register from 1375, knowledge of the monastery history is based on only 19 documents, most of which come from the lost monastery archive.

The foundation is the jointly ruling Ascanian margraves Johann I and Otto III. attributed and dated to around 1230 , soon after 1230 or around 1250 . As far as the monastery and the castle of the Friedland (today Altfriedland) built in the same period were actually an Ascanian foundation and took place before 1245, the facilities are likely to have played a role in the internal German disputes over the Barnim. During the German settlement in the east, the interests of the Askanians, the Wettins and the archbishopric of Magdeburg , whose monastery Zinna had owned extensive estates in southeastern Barnim since 1224 , clashed . It was not until 1245 that the Ascanians finally brought the entire Barnim under their control with their victory in the Teltow War and the Magdeburg War . What is certain is that Friedland, in addition to its social and religious function, served as a border security to the east and as a measure against the efforts of Duke Heinrich the Bearded of Lower Silesia , who from 1224/25 served extensive land east of the Löcknitz / Stobber line as a settlement for the Knights Templar and to the monasteries Leubus , Trebnitz and Naumburg / Bober , of which he was sovereign. The diocese of Lebus , east of the glacial Löcknitz-Stobber-Rinne separating the Barnim and the Lebuser Platte , was under Silesian-Piastian rule until 1248 . According to Uta Puls, the Askanians reacted to the settlement activity of Heinrich I in the land of Lebus by completely occupying the Löcknitz-Stobberow border from the Spree to the Oderbruch by means of the Barnim possessions of the Zinna monastery and the lands of the Friedland nuns. In addition, the monastery and Friedland, mentioned in 1301 as castrum et oppidum , were on the important trade route from Stettin to Frankfurt / Oder . At the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century, the place was expanded to include the colonist villages of Karlsdorf and Neufriedland and renamed Altfriedland for better differentiation.

Organization, management and ownership

Convent seal, here the Abbess Katharina von Löben (Lobens) on a document from 1524.

The religious women's movement of the 13th century found an ideal space in the strict seclusion of the Cistercian convents. The strong affective piety of the time encouraged women to empathize with the life and suffering of Christ . The Cistercian women Mechthild von Magdeburg and Gertrud von Helfta from the Helfta monastery are among the most famous mystics of their time. The culturally and economically successful and from a religious point of view exemplary way of life of the monks led to the founding of various women's monasteries, which as a rule - like Friedland too - were not accepted into the order, even if the general chapter of the Cistercian order has been accepted since 1228 Women's convents made possible in principle.

The economic management and legal advocacy to the outside was in the hands of a provost , during the Convention , the abbess board needed to support the Prioress , subprioress, conductress and sexton had at her side. There was also a scholastica or Magistra for the common spiritual and school education of the younger nuns and children. The oval seal of the convent depicted a lamb with a cross. The nuns were responsible for the care of the elderly and the sick, accommodation and trade. The lay sisters did the rough work in the kitchen, garden, hospital and guest house , whose sleeping and dining area corresponded to that of the conversations in the male monasteries in terms of location and enclosure . In addition, there were male conversations (conversi monialium) who were responsible for the fields, yards and workshops and were housed in the economic sector.

On November 19, 1300, the abbot Johannes of the Lehnin monastery and brother Wilhelm, prior of the Dominican monastery Cölln , testified to a document in which Margrave Albrecht III. ( Co-regent ) confirmed the entire ownership to the monastery. Among them was a vineyard near Wriezen with the note vineam apud vritznam et in vinea proxima adiacente octavum dimidium solidum. In its heyday, ten villages, twenty individual estates and eight lakes belonged to the monastic property, which had accumulated through foundations, gifts, leases, purchases, sales and seizures.

There were also ten church patrons , including the Liebfrauenkirche in Wriezen and the Romanesque stone church in Ringenwalde. In addition, the Cistercian sisters maintained water mills , fish ponds , fishing waters and vineyards .

Monastic life and the Barnim nobility

With a strict, ascetic way of life, the nuns followed the Charter Caritatis , with which the Cistercians wanted to restore the original strictness and the rule of " ora et labora " of the Benedictine order , from which they separated in 1098 . Under the influence of Bernhard von Clairvaux , simple clothing, a modest diet with vegetables without any meat and thatched beds without upholstery shaped the way of life in the Cistercian monasteries. The daily routine in the monastery was determined by work, interrupted by times of prayer and masses. Masses and prayers were often given to the noble patrons of the monastery, which was of great importance in the self-image of the nobility at that time. Although middle-class daughters were also accepted in Friedland, the monastery served as a state institution primarily to provide for the unmarried women of the local aristocracy and thus also for family and territorial interests. The abbey was, so to speak, the house monastery of some of the most influential families in Brandenburg at the time, such as von Pfuel , von Ihlow , von Löben , von Barfus , von Hohendorf, von Eichendorff , von Krummensee , von Stranz , von Löwenberg or von Hoppenrade. The last six or, according to Fontane, seven nuns who left the monastery on December 22, 1568 after it was dissolved, all came from these families. There is only an indication of the size of the convent from 1549, according to which forty nuns ate in the refectory at that time.

Episcopal decree to observe the rules of the order

East facade of the monastery church with inscription (around 1937)

On July 3, 1381 Dietrich III. , Bishop of the Diocese of Brandenburg , issued an extensive document with which, as Fontane put it, he sought to control the spreading moral decline , which did not stop at the monastery walls. Members of the monastery who defied the decree were threatened with excommunication . Fontane saw one reason for this decline in the close ties between the monastery and the noble families. The monastery has thus become a rendezvous place , where the aristocratic inmates of the district carried their news in order to exchange it for others. The world inside and outside the monastery walls was the same. Everything was related, related by marriage, and the cordiality, the family affiliation, of course, made it difficult to maintain discipline. The Brandenburg bishop called on the nuns to strict obedience, forbade them to continue to complain about the food, to continue making bread, baked goods and food for festivities, to celebrate birthdays and celebrations and instructed them to only assign jewelry according to church regulations wear, to refrain from mask play and mask jokes as well as personal maids or special worldly servants and only accept roommates after consultation.

"Item cum vos moniales communiter contingat exire et cimiterium processionaliter circuire, nulla ab aliquo manibus tangatur aut secundum quarundam mundanarum feminarum consuetudinem in manibus aut brachiis duci permittatur, clausuram vestram post circuitum reingressure, ita nisiis nullus adeatum adeatum express "

- Dietrich, Bishop of Brandenburg, arranges the facilities of the Friedland Monastery on July 3, 1381.

Theodor Fontane reproduces this section from the unstructured episcopal decree in the walks through the Mark Brandenburg (volume Oderland) as point 3f as follows:

"Likewise, if it happens that their jointly going forth and in procession the Coemeterium walks around, no of any who touched or secular by custom women going out on the hand or arm, but all turneth back to your monastery after handling so that no other access is open to you like that which has been described above. "

- Decree of the Brandenburg bishop Dietrich of July 3, 1381, translated reproduction after Theodor Fontane.

Based on these episcopal demands, the historian Matthias Friske summed up in 2001 that monastic life seemed more like a contemporary aristocratic residence than the tranquility of the coinobitic way of life.

Dissolution of the monastery and decay

Ruins of the refectory , later used as a distillery, with a protective roof

The attempt to convert the monastery after the Reformation, such as Marienfließ, into an evangelical monastery and thus maintain it as a supply facility for noble daughters, failed. In 1540 Elector Joachim II secularized the monastery and moved in the monastery property . The nuns were allowed to stay in the monastery for the time being. In 1546 Joachim II pledged the now domain property to Balthasar von Beerfelde . In 1564 he sold the monastery and city of Friedland with all accessories and rights for 22,000 thalers to Joachim von Roebel , imperial field marshal and captain von Schweinitz, who was enfeoffed with office and monastery Friedland in 1565. Joachim von Roebel had the last six and seven nuns (see above) move out on December 22, 1568. These included the prioress Ursula von Barfus , the conductress Anna von Krummensee and the sexton Margarete von Strantz . The youngest of these nuns, Ursula von Hoppenrade, was presumably already a lady of some sixty when she moved out, according to Fontane .

Roebel expanded the monastery into a representative knight's seat in the Brandenburg region, and the buildings were used for agricultural purposes and as living space. In 1711 the domain property went to Margrave Albrecht Friedrich of Brandenburg-Schwedt , in 1731 to Margrave Karl Friedrich Albrecht of Brandenburg-Schwedt and then to Charlotte Helene von Lestwitz , who became known as "Frau von Friedland". In 1848, State Minister Heinrich Friedrich von Itzenplitz took over the property and bequeathed it to his daughter Countess Luise, who had been married to Karl von Oppen since 1867 (Countess Luise von Oppen, 1839–1901). Their descendants continued to run the estate in the decades that followed. Over the centuries, the families let some former monastery buildings fall into disrepair or, like the refectory , converted them into a distillery . Parts of the estate remained inhabited until the middle of the 20th century, when large parts were demolished in 1969 due to dilapidation.

buildings

Original plant

The few existing documents for the monastery do not provide any information about its buildings. According to Gustav Abb , the news that the monastery complex burned down in 1300, as reported by Fontane among others, is based on a misinterpretation of Albrecht III's document. dated November 19, 1300 (Albrecht confirmed the entire property as a precaution, so to speak, so that the nuns would not be disadvantaged if one of their documents were destroyed by fire or other misfortune).

Overall system

View from the monastery over the area of ​​the former monastery garden and later manor park to the monastery lake
Rest of the refectory with protective roof

A description of the monastery complex is only available from 1710, when the Roebelsche Rittergut was already divided into two courtyards (since 1697) and various conversions and additions had already been made to the manor complex. According to Uta Puls, this description gives at least a rudimentary impression of what the nunnery may have been like in its entirety before it completely disappeared apart from a few remains. After that, the first courtyard comprised the large house, which was made of brick and lime. Under the house was a large, vaulted three-story cellar with a large room in the lower area. A new building made of wood and stone was attached with two rooms, to which a tree and pleasure garden was attached. At the court church there was a three-story building (the bay window) , which was partly made of wood and plaited. There was a well between the two buildings.

On the second courtyard was the tiled brewery (the former refectory), blinded in 16 containers , with an oven, chimney and another well. In addition, there was a new 10-unit building in this area, which served as a horse stable and carriage house. There was an arched doorway under the tiled gatehouse that closed the courtyard . A closing wall was drawn around this courtyard, which also contained some stables and barns. In 1710 there was also the yarn weaver's house with a garden, the wall house with a garden, a fisherman's house, a newly built house, another house, a rifle house and a hayloft. On the "vineyard" opposite the manor house, fruit trees were grown next to hops. The three- acre vineyard in 1587 , which was less a mountain than a large vineyard, included a wine master's house, a wine press and a garden. The vines were destroyed in the frosty winter of 1740 and the area was then used to grow tobacco .

One of the houses described may have been the former infirmary of the monastery, which was used for other purposes by the tenant as early as 1549. According to the Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation, the massive residential building in the first courtyard very likely contained the provost's office . A cloister led to the refectory , on the west side of which the monastery garden extended to the monastery lake. The monastery garden changed over several centuries from a tree and pleasure garden on the manor and over gardens in the second half of the 18th century to the landscaped estate park of the 19th century. The monastery garden, the later manor park and also the monastery buildings were originally closer to the monastery lake. The refectory is now almost a hundred meters above the east bank. In the Middle Ages, the lake took up at least twice the area. Is it today (2012 version) with 55  hectares specified, the Klostersee is yet to 1751 - just before the melioration 106 hectares have included - the Oderbruch.

Propstei

The massive three-storey building of the first courtyard from the description from 1710 is very likely the former provost's office, which was converted into a residential building after the secularization. Parts of the building that were connected to the refectory were removed. The building was described in 1727 as follows:

“The Margrave's house or castle consists of two adjoining buildings of unequal height and width, of three floors, very massive. To the south, the smaller building has a brick gable and the larger one has a bay window. The cornices on the eaten walls are broken. Two stone gables on the east side. In front of one is a round tower, in which a spiral staircase used to go through all floors. The tower is covered with an octagonal hood, on which a button with a weathercock. The hood is so bad that it rains everywhere. The second gable is completely broken. The north side has a stone bay window on the high part of the building, and between this and the old monastery there is a large vaulted kitchen chimney. The western gutter falls on the old monastery and here the castle is connected with the monastery. […] In the castle the table room with a gothic stucco ceiling, cabinet, antichambre, bedchamber of the margravine with stucco ceiling, a Dutch fireplace and 28 painted Dutch tiles. Inside is a wall lock. The room is very dilapidated. A ten-step staircase leads to the corridor on the second floor of the small building. […] The castle cellar is vaulted, as is the kitchen and the adjoining chamber. You can enter the monastery building on five steps through the so-called fox hole. "

- Description from 1727.

Except for the so-called caretaker's house, which still exists today, all dilapidated parts were torn down in 1746.

Structural stock

South facade of the monastery church, on the left the refectory

All that remains of the monastery complex is the church, which has been reformed several times, the remains of a cloister and the refectory and part of the former monastery garden area. These parts and areas have been under monument protection since 1978 . The ruins of the cloister and the adjoining refectory have been structurally and structurally secured since 1985, among other things with a protective roof.

Monastery church

→ Main article: Friedland Abbey Church

The simple, single-nave rectangular building is around 30 meters long and around 14 meters wide. After secularization, the church stood empty and fell into disrepair for around two hundred years. During this time a half-timbered church served as the town church , which was located at the northern exit of Friedland at that time. When this church became dilapidated in 1733, the Friedlanders decided to demolish it and in 1734 extensively repaired the desolate “court church” of the old monastery. With renewed work between 1814 and 1816, the monastery church was to receive two towers . The plans for the double tower very likely came from Karl Friedrich Schinkel . The project was not carried out because the community's financial resources were insufficient. Instead, a neo-Gothic brick tower was added in 1864 . Whether and to what extent this version was based on Schinkel's conception can no longer be proven, as the drafts were in the estate files that were lost in the Second World War. Between 1936 and 1938 the church was restored inside and outside again on the initiative of the patron Karl von Oppen and the parish office. The church building has been largely preserved in this condition to this day.

Star vault of the refectory

The baroque interior dates back predominantly to 1733 and has a painted wooden barrel vault and a pulpit altar inserted centrally into the surrounding gallery . The organ made by the Berlin organ builder Buchholz , destroyed in World War II , was replaced by a Schuke organ in 1954 . The church treasury included three gilded communion chalices, of which the only preserved chalice contained a relic . The rectory from 1633 is opposite the church to the east. The listed half-timbered building is the oldest house in Altfriedland and is considered to be the oldest rectory on the Barnim (although the assignment of Altfriedland to Barnim does not correspond to the geomorphological plate , but rather follows the historical landscape ). According to the historian Matthias Friske , it can be regarded as representative of numerous other lost rectories.

Refectory and cloister

The refectory, the dining room of the nuns, is dated to the second half of the 15th century. It is built in the early Gothic style from bricks , so-called monastery bricks in the format 255 × 125 × 75 mm. The two-aisled hall, surrounded by thick walls, is covered by a cross vault , which is designed as a star vault with further subdivided vault caps and rests on slender columns . The refectory is joined by the remains of a cloister wing with a cross rib vault. According to a report from 1819, a brewery and distillery along with a brandy cellar, malting, fattening stables and grain floor had been housed in the house for some time. Gradually it had completely decayed, the rear part had become completely unusable. In the years 1793/94 a major repair was carried out, the old roof and the beam bearings were replaced by a suitable flat roof, considerable pieces of the wall and vault were made new and the main departments were established. Between 1803 and 1806 and then again in 1810 the brewery and distillery were enlarged. The malt room is best preserved . Along with Chorin, the extensive remains of buildings are considered to be the most important medieval monastery buildings in the region in terms of architectural history and are protected from further deterioration by a protective roof and other security measures. Concerts with sacred and secular music from the 16th and 17th centuries are occasionally held in the refectory.

Documents and literature

Certificates

Adolph Friedrich Riedel has compiled some certificates and documents on the monastery in the Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis under the chapter City of Wriezen and Monastery Friedland . Since the entire Codex is available in digitized form, these documents and sources can be viewed on the Internet:

literature

Non-fiction

  • Gustav Fig : The Cistercian nunnery in Old Friedland. In: Germania Sacra. First department: The dioceses of the Church Province of Magdeburg . First volume: The Diocese of Brandenburg . First part. Edited by Gustav Abb and Gottfried Wentz . Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1929. Photomechanical reprint 1963. pp. 349–358, limited preview in the Google book search.
  • Helmut Assing : Who brought Zinna Monastery to what is now Barnim? A new issue. In: Dieter Pötschke (ed.): History and law of the Cistercians . Studies on the history, art and culture of the Cistercians, Volume 2. Lukas Verlag, Berlin 1997; ISBN 3-931836-05-3 , pp. 64–77, limited preview in Google Book Search.
  • Heinz-Dieter Heimann, Klaus Neitmann , Winfried Schich (eds.): Brandenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, monasteries and the coming up to the middle of the 16th century , 2 volumes; Berlin 2007, pp. 764-803.
  • Theodor Fontane : Friedland. In: Gotthard Erler , Rudolf Mingau (Hrsg.): Walks through the Mark Brandenburg in 8 volumes , Volume 2: Oderland ; Aufbau-Verlag , Berlin 1997, pp. 159–169. See also the next chapter Kunersdorf. ISBN 3-7466-5702-4 ( chapter Friedland in the text log )
  • Matthias Friske : The medieval churches on the Barnim. History - architecture - equipment ; Churches in rural areas, 1; Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2001; ISBN 3-931836-67-3
  • Gisela Gooss, Jacqueline Hennig (eds.): All Brandenburg Cistercian monasteries. Marianne-Verlag, 1997. ISBN 3-932370-33-3
  • Uta Puls: Altfriedland . In: H. Jürgen Feuerstake, Oliver H. Schmidt (Ed.): The Cistercians and their monasteries in Brandenburg. A cultural, historical and tourist guide. Revised and expanded 2nd edition, Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2005; ISBN 3-936872-23-6 ; Pp. 51-57
  • Wolfgang Ribbe : On the religious policy of the Ascanians. Cistercians and sovereignty in the Elbe-Oder region. In: Cistercian Studies I (= Studies on European History 11), Berlin 1975, pp. 77–96.
  • Winfried Schich : Monasteries and cities as new central places of the high Middle Ages in the area east of the middle Elbe. In: Karl-Heinz Spieß (Ed.): Landscapes in the Middle Ages ; Stuttgart 2006; Pp. 113-134.
  • Rudolf Schmidt : Die Herrschaft Friedland: News on the history of old and new Friedland, God's gift, Carlsdorf, Kleinbarnim, Grube, Sietzing, Wuschewier, Lüdersdorf, Biesdorf, Gersdorf, Batzlow, Ringenwalde, Bollersdorf, Pritzhagen, Cunersdorf, Burgwall, Metzdorf, Horst, Wubrigsberg ; Oberbarnimer Heimatbücher, 7; ed. from the district committee Oberbarnim, Bad Freienwalde (Oder) 1928.

Fiction

  • BW Zell (pseudonym for: Bertha Wegner or Bertha Wegner-Zell (born: Zell); further pseudonym: B. von York): Friedland's last abbess monastery. 16th century novel . Verlag S. Schottländer , Breslau 1886.

Web links

Commons : Friedland Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), p. 349.
  2. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin. Volume 13 of the Brandenburg Historical Studies on behalf of the Brandenburg Historical Commission. be.bra Wissenschaft, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-937233-30-X , p. 58, ISSN  1860-2436 .
  3. ↑ Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), p. 350.
  4. ^ A b c d Förderverein Klosterkirche Altfriedland eV, overview of the history of the monastery church and its historical ensemble in Altfriedland.
  5. ↑ a b c Uta Puls, p. 55.
  6. ↑ Märkische Schweiz. Friedland Cistercian nunnery
  7. ↑ Helmut Assing, p. 66.
  8. ↑ a b Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), p. 352.
  9. ↑ Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), p. 353.
  10. ↑ a b Oliver H. Schmidt, Stephan Worch: History and Organization of the Cistercian Order . In: H. Jürgen Feuerstake, Oliver H. Schmidt (Ed.): The Cistercians and their monasteries in Brandenburg. A cultural, historical and tourist guide. Revised and expanded 2nd edition, Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2005, p. 26f ISBN 3-936872-23-6
  11. ^ Stephan Warnatsch: History of the Lehnin Monastery 1180–1542. Studies on the history, art and culture of the Cistercians. Vol 12.1. Freie Universität Berlin, dissertation 1999. Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2000, pp. 170, 177, 198, 345. ISBN 3-931836-45-2
  12. ↑ a b Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), p. 351.
  13. ↑ Oderbruch capital Wriezen. City Lexicon . ( Memento of the original from February 9, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wriezen.de
  14. ↑ Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), pp. 351f, 356f.
  15. ↑ a b Uta Puls, p. 56f.
  16. ↑ a b Theodor Fontane, pp. 165f.
  17. ↑ a b Uta Puls, p. 53.
  18. ↑ Theodor Fontane, pp. 160-164.
  19. ↑ Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, first main part, Volume XII, p. 423.
  20. ↑ Quoted from Theodor Fontane, p. 164.
  21. ↑ a b Matthias Friske, p. 40.
  22. ^ Secret State Archives of Prussian Cultural Heritage VII. HA, Allg. Document collection No. 931 Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg sells the monastery and city of Friedland with all accessories and rights Joachim von Röbel, Captain zu Schweinitz, for 22,000 thalers 1564 April 7 and VII. HA, Allg. Document collection No. 935 Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg enfeoffed Joachim von Röbel, captain of Schweinitz, with office and monastery Friedland 1565 July 13 Only titles can be viewed online in the archive database of the Secret State Archives Prussian Cultural Heritage
  23. ↑ Uta Puls, p. 57.
  24. ↑ Uta Puls, pp. 52, 54.
  25. ^ Förderverein Klosterkirche Altfriedland eV, Kloster Altfriedland, History.
  26. ↑ a b Gustav Abb (Germania Sacra), p. 357.
  27. ^ Theodor Fontane, p. 159.
  28. ↑ a b c Brandenburg State Office for the Preservation of Monuments and the State Archaeological Museum, Department of Preservation of Monuments: Expert opinion on the monument value. (PDF file; 3.28 MB) Description: Manor complex with manor house, Roebelschem house, stable barn, roadside property fence and park. Zossen, November 19, 2011.
  29. ↑ a b Uta Puls, p. 52.
  30. ^ Roland Fröhlich: The Cistercians and their vineyards in Brandenburg. Studies on the history, art and culture of the Cistercians. Vol 30. Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86732-070-2 , see section The Friedland Monastery and Wriezener Weinbau , p. 180.
  31. ↑ See profile for the lakes EC Water Framework Directive: Klostersee near Altfriedland (PDF file; 396 kB), Brandenburg State Office for the Environment , Section W14, October 20, 2017.
  32. ↑ Antje Jakupi: On the reconstruction of historical biodiversity from archival sources: The example of the Oderbruch (Brandenburg) in the 18th century (PDF file; 10.15 MB). Dissertation to obtain the doctoral degree of the mathematical and natural science faculties of the Georg-August University in Göttingen . Göttingen 2007, p. 11.
  33. ↑ Quoted from Uta Puls, p. 54. Puls does not name an author or a source.
  34. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Landkreis Märkisch-Oderland (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
  35. ↑ Schinkel Gallery. Altfriedland Abbey Church .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.schinkel-galerie.de  
  36. ↑ Uta Puls, p. 54.
  37. ^ Matthias Friske, p. 41f., 43.
  38. ^ Matthias Friske, p. 39
  39. ↑ Uta Puls, p. 52ff.
  40. ^ Cultural festivals in the state of Brandenburg. Music in the Altfriedland Monastery
  41. ^ Project historical novel. Database. Bibliographic data set with further sources on the data set.