Loeben (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Loeben

Loeben , also Löben , is the name of an old Saxon - Silesian noble family . The family, some of whose branches still exist today, later acquired ownership and reputation in Bohemia , Lusatia and the Mark Brandenburg .

history

origin

The original homeland of the sex has not yet been fully clarified. According to the Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility , the family seat was probably today's district of Löben (also Loeben) in the city of Annaburg north of Torgau . In older literature a Silesian origin is assumed. Accordingly, the ancestral home of the family was a town or the Loeben Castle near Neisse in Upper Silesia .

Kurt Hildebrand von Loeben (1661–1730)
Otto Ferdinand von Loeben (1741–1804)
Otto von Loeben (1786–1825)

Two tribes formed early on, a younger and an older one, whose genealogical connection is not certain. The older tribe probably stayed in their Saxon homeland. The secured family line begins in 1448 with Kaspar von Loeben . The younger tribe settled in the Lower Lausitz , where Conrad de Lovene is already 1253 first mentioned. Also from the younger tribe came the knight Frixscho de Loben (also Fritzko ), who appeared in a document in Silesia as a witness for Duke Heinrich V on July 1, 1280. The oldest seal is on a document from 1312, issued by his son the knight Konrad. The line of the younger tribe begins with the knight Hans Nymant and Peter called Swynichen von Loben , unseparated brothers from Tammendorf, Kutschow and Großgandern in the Duchy of Crossen, who are named in a document on August 24, 1411.

Spread and personalities

The family was able to expand their property considerably over time. Regular goods of the Silesian line included Drehnow, Nickern, Kurtschow, Schönfeld and Merzdorf near Crossen , Kleinrosen near Striegau and Kontopp near Glogau . The Upper Lusatian line belonged to Ober- and Niederhalbendorf, Küpper, Mengelsdorf , Colmen, Holscha, Briesnigk and Kayna as well as the city of Schönberg. The Niederlausitz line owned, among others, Amtitz, Krieschow and Wiesendorf. The Brandenburg line owned or partially owned Blumberg , Dahlwitz and Falkenberg. In the Archbishopric of Magdeburg members were besitzlich in the 14th century to Boll Ensdorf. In the second half of the 18th century, Gaylen, Jablonken, Kowalken, Laxdoyen, Nossutten and Ribben in East Prussia as well as Gut Rochow, not far from Rummelsburg in Pomerania , were family-owned.

According to Kneschke , Johann von Loeben , who appeared at the court of Duke Heinrich the Bearded of Silesia and court master of Duchess Hedwig around 1203, also belongs to the family. In the battle of Liegnitz against the Mongols in 1241, several relatives are said to have died as knights. Around 1474, Melchior von Loeben was field colonel of the Silesian princes and estates against the Poles and was later appointed state elder in the Duchy of Glogau . Another Melchior von Loeben appears in 1488 as the first bailiff of Niederlausitz.

Georg von Loeben, Herr auf Schönberg, came from the main Silesian line. He died in 1651 as a councilor and governor of Upper Lusatia. Also from the main Silesian line came Johann von Loeben (* 1561), married to Margaretha von Winterfeld , who joined Kurbrandenburg in 1587 . He was entrusted with important embassies by the Elector of Brandenburg and later received the title of Privy Councilor and Chancellor from Elector Joachim Friedrich . Under his successor, Elector Johann Sigismund , he was dismissed from service in 1609, but was recalled as a Privy Councilor twenty years later. He died on July 22, 1636. Johann Friedrich Freiherr von Loeben (* 1595) was the Electorate of Saxony after careful studies and long journeys through all the countries of Europe in 1623 Oberamtsverweser the Lower Lausitz and in 1630 county judge in this province. In 1632 he entered the service of the Brandenburg Elector Georg Wilhelm , who appointed him chief captain and administrator of the duchies of Crossen and Züllichau . He entrusted him with numerous embassies to Regensburg , Nuremberg and Vienna . 1642 he received on behalf of the elector by the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire the Brandenburg fiefdom and was on that occasion in the realm baron raised and appointed by the Elector of Brandenburg to the Privy Council. In 1648 Johann Friedrich was Brandenburg's representative in the negotiations for the Peace of Westphalia to end the Thirty Years' War . In 1651 he was a commissioner for the election of a new army master in Sonnenburg in Neumark , where he was made a knight of St. John . In 1660 Johann Friedrich was given the command of Lagow . He died on May 16, 1667.

In the second half of the 17th century another and in the first half of the 18th century four barons von Loeben zu Sonnenburg were appointed knights of the Order of St. John, in 1658 Maximilian as commander, and in 1728 Friedrich Wilhelm and Heinrich Otto and in 1731 Wolf Christoph and 1737 Friedrich Adolf to knights.

Kurt Hildebrand Freiherr von Loeben (* 1661 to High Ziethen) was Lieutenant General , Governor of Kolberg , head of an infantry regiment, a canon at Magdeburg , Amtshauptmann of Suckow and Sulzhorst and hereditary lord in Schoenefeld, Schiedlow and Seven Bytom. His parents were Maximilian Freiherr von Loeben, Johanniterritter and Komtur auf Lagow and Luise Hedwig von Burgsdorff . He was married twice, the first with Dorothea Juliane von Krosigk from the Hohenerxleben family and the second with Theodora Hedwig von Burgsdorff. Four sons and four daughters survived from his first marriage. His son Rudolph Curt Leberecht Freiherr von Loeben died in 1746 as a Prussian major general. He was married to Sophie Frederike, a daughter of Field Marshal von Arnim .

Otto Ferdinand Graf von Loeben (* 1741), a son of Wolf Christian Albrecht von Loeben, who died in 1750, was Lord of Mengelsdorf and Biesig, Chamberlain and Governor of Upper Lusatia and Hedwig Elisabeth Sophie Vitzthum von Eckstädt , who died in 1778 , was Lord of Gerlachsheim and Niederrudelsdorf. He died in 1804 as cabinet minister and real secret councilor. His youngest son from his second marriage in 1778 to Caroline von Greiffenheim (* 1760), Albrecht Graf von Löben (* 1800), Herr auf Niederrudelsdorf near Görlitz , became state elder and chairman of the municipal council of the Margraviate of Upper Lusatia and a member of the royal Prussian mansion for life. In 1828 he married Maria Countess and Noble Mistress zu Lippe-Biesterfeld-Weissenfeld from the Teichnitz house near Bautzen (* 1810).

The baronial tribe died out in the middle of the 18th century, the count's tribe died out in 1878. In 1903 the sex merged to form a family association , which was entered in the register of associations at the Frankfurt am Main district court on March 10, 1977 under number 6986.

Status surveys

Johann Friedrich von Loeben (Löben) on Schönfeld, Merzdorf and Schilow, electoral Brandenburg privy councilor, head captain and administrator of the duchies of Crossen and Zülichau, received the imperial baron status in Vienna on April 18, 1642 with the address well-born and an improved coat of arms .

Otto Ferdinand von Loeben auf Gerlachsheim and Niederrudelsdorf, electoral Saxon real secret council and conference minister as well as ambassador for the imperial election in Frankfurt am Main , was appointed on July 10, 1790 in Dresden by the Saxon elector Friedrich August III. Raised the status of imperial count as imperial vicar .

An entry in the royal Saxon nobility book was given to the brothers Dr. phil. Wolf von Loeben, employee of the imperial technical examination center in Charlottenburg , Ernst von Loeben, painter in Munich , Paul von Loeben, royal Saxon lieutenant and Dr. oec. Max von Loeben, royal Saxon government official as well as cousins ​​Curt von Loeben, royal Saxon lieutenant and Georg von Loeben, royal Saxon captain and her uncle Curt von Loeben, royal Saxon lieutenant general at disposition as well as Friedrich Wolf von Loeben at Mittelschosdorf in Silesia and his uncle Aemil von Loeben, royal Saxon real secret war councilor and major out of service on June 15, 1911 under the number 368. The entry was made as a German nobility.

The widow Anna, née Schiller, wife of the deceased royal Saxon customs inspector who was not employed, Albrecht von Loeben, also received an entry in the royal Saxon nobility book under the number 452 on May 29, 1913.

coat of arms

Family coat of arms

The family coat of arms is divided. Above, in blue, a growing Mohrin with pricked arms, a red and silver forehead band, the ends of which flutter off to the left, and gold necklaces and bracelets, below with silver and red. On the helmet with the red and silver blankets, the Mohrin.

Imperial Count Coat of Arms

The imperial coat of arms, awarded in 1790, has three helmets. The coat of arms is identical to the family coat of arms. On the right helmet a wing made of red and silver , the middle helmet like the trunk helmet, on the left a wing made of silver and red. Two black boys with silver aprons as shield holders .

Heraldic saga

An old legend tells that the family received their coat of arms from the Moorish queen Pelusa. A knight from her German bodyguard, an ancestor of the Loeben family, the brave warrior Daniel Lost or Loss, won a game of chess from her with the stake of his life. In retaliation for his heroic deed, he is said to have been made a knight of the red and white band by the queen in her royal seat of Meroe in 733 and, because of his courage, to use the gender name of Loeben or Löwen.
According to another tradition, he should have fallen into the hands of the infidels in 733 and had to play a game of chess with the said queen around his head. He won and received a large sum of money and was appointed by her general in the battles against the King of Egypt. Since he bravely risked his life for her everywhere, he was given the name Leben from her and was allowed to have her image in the coat of arms.

Known family members

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume VIII, Volume 113 of the complete series, pp. 5–7.
  2. ^ Genealogical paperback of noble houses . 6th year, Gotha 1905, p. 453.
  3. ↑ a b c d New general German nobility lexicon. Volume 4, pp. 600-602.
  4. ↑ a b Otto Hupp : Munich Calendar 1927. pp. 29–30.
  5. ^ Rudolf Lehmann : Document inventory for the history of Niederlausitz up to 1400. Cologne 1968, pp. 49–50. Certificate 111
  6. ^ GA Tzschoppe and GA Stenzel : Document collection on the history of the origins of the cities in Silesia and Upper Lusatia. Hamburg 1832, certificate LXXI
  7. ↑ Paul Pfotenhauer : The Silesian Seals from 1250 to 1300 or 1327. Breslau 1879, p. 38, panel Xi, no. 120.
  8. ↑ a b c New Prussian Adelslexicon Volume 4, pp. 286–289.
  9. ↑ Johann Georg Theodor Grasse : Legends of gender, name and coat of arms of the nobility of the German nation. Reprint-Verlag, Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-8262-0704-1 , pp. 96-97.