Mengelsdorf
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Mengelsdorf
City of Reichenbach / OL
Coordinates: 51 ° 9 ′ 20 ″ N , 14 ° 48 ′ 30 ″ E
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| Height : | 270 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 8.88 km² |
| Residents : | 396 (December 31, 2017) |
| Population density : | 45 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1994 |
| Postal code : | 02894 |
| Area code : | 035828 |
Mengelsdorf is a district of the Saxon country town of Reichenbach / OL. In the Mengelsdorfer Flur are the settlements Löbensmüh and Feldhäuser .
geography
Mengelsdorf is about two kilometers north-northeast of Reichenbach city center. The federal highway 6 runs between the town and the village , which is crossed by two local roads as well as the state highway 124 which runs west of Mengelsdorf . The former Vorwerk Löbensmüh lies northeast of Mengelsdorf, Feldhäuser lies south of the village. Surrounding villages are Biesig in the west, Dittmannsdorf in the northwest, Arnsdorf in the north, Königshain in the northeast, Markersdorf in the east and Gersdorf in the southeast.
To the north of Mengelsdorf are the Königshain Mountains , through which the nearby Autobahn 4 with the autobahn tunnel of the same name leads.
history
Local history
Mengelsdorf was first mentioned in a document under the name Mengeresdorph in a Görlitz town register around 1320 . The form of settlement as Waldhufendorf as well as the name suggest a German settlement, which probably took place during the second phase of the German eastern settlement in the 12th or 13th century.
During its history Mengelsdorf was often connected to Reichenbach and was parish in Reichenbach the whole time. As early as the end of the 14th century, Mengelsdorf belonged to the Lords of Gersdorff , who were also landlords of Reichenbach at the time.
In 1580, debts forced Balthasar von Gersdorff to sell the Reichenbach and Mengelsdorf estates to Hanns von Warnsdorf. In 1599 he managed to have the Mengelsdorf man-feudal estate (only a male heir could become a feudal lord ) was converted into an inheritance by Emperor Rudolf II . Hanns' son Hans George sold Mengelsdorf in 1627 to Gottfried (von) Rückert, a citizen of Görlitz. Due to marriage and inheritance, the estate changed to Dorothea Elisabeth von Dewitz , who sold it to Wolf Albrecht von Loeben , the governor of the Görlitz district, soon after it was lent in 1680 .
His son Wolf Christian Albrecht von Loeben, who bought the neighboring Gut Biesig in 1733 , had made extensive investments in Mengelsdorf. Among other things, he had the Vorwerk Löbensmüh, named after him, built near the village. After it burned down completely in 1737, he had it rebuilt in its current location and converted into a widow's residence for his wife. A school was founded by the Loebes rule as early as 1700. Loeben's period of activity ended in 1776 when it was sold to Hofrat Andreas Nitsche .
After the Congress of Vienna in 1814/1815, the Kingdom of Saxony had to cede many parts of the country to Prussia as a result of forced partition . As a result, Mengelsdorf was assigned to the Prussian-Silesian district of Görlitz . The Feldhäuser settlement was built south of the village in the 19th century.
The castle was bought by Georgine Louise Hüpeden in 1859 and rebuilt and expanded in the Tudor style . Around 1893 the central hall was redesigned according to a design by the renowned Berlin architect Otto March , at least the wall-mounted fittings have been preserved.
Outside the village on the way to Königshain, a stone commemorates the death of the 20-year-old Heinrich Richard Neumann on August 15, 1898. The circumstances of his death are unclear today, presumably it was an act of jealousy.
After the Second World War , the castle was handed over to Caritas , which used it as a retirement home and, until 1968, also for children's recreation.
On January 1, 1994, the communities of Dittmannsdorf , Mengelsdorf, Meuselwitz and Zoblitz were incorporated into Reichenbach as part of the Saxon district reform.
The former retirement home has been used as a socio-therapeutic home for mentally ill people since 1996.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1825 | 434 |
| 1871 | 534 |
| 1885 | 526 |
| 1905 | 547 |
| 1925 | 545 |
| 1939 | 533 |
| 1946 | 745 |
| 1950 | 816 |
| 1964 | 678 |
| 1971 | 631 |
| 1988 | 467 |
| 1990 | 464 |
| 1993 | 488 |
| 2000 | 496 |
| 2003 | 474 |
| 2008 | 446 |
| 2012 | 416 |
| 2014 | 402 |
| 2017 | 396 |
In 1777, 8 possessed men , 30 gardeners and 11 cottagers ran in Mengelsdorf . In his book Kurzer Abriß der Geschichte von Mengelsdorf , the Reichenbacher deacon Christian Gottlieb Kauffer gave only a number of 5 farmers, 32 gardeners and 6 cottagers in January 1800.
Between 1825 and 1871 the number of inhabitants rose from around 430 to around 530. Thereafter the number of inhabitants fluctuated somewhat and in 1905 reached a level of almost 550. By 1939 the number fell back to the level of 1871. After the Second World War, refugees and displaced persons from Silesia were taken in, including orphans and a home for the Sisters of Charity of St. Charles Borromeo in the castle , so that Mengelsdorf's population rose to over 800 by 1950. In the following years the number fell again, reaching around 630 in 1971 and around 460 in 1990.
In the nineties, Mengelsdorf's population rose again to around 500 by the year 2000 due to the construction of new homes. After the turn of the millennium, the demand for home ownership was largely covered, so that the growth elements moving away and negative birth surplus could no longer be compensated and the number of residents declined again.
Of the 396 inhabitants in December 2017 (December 2008: 446; June 2012: 416), 39 (2008: 26; 2012: 25) lived in Löbensmüh and 55 (2008: 59; 2012: 61) in Feldhäuser, the remaining 302 (2008 : 361; 2012: 330) in Mengelsdorf proper.
Place name
The place name developed from Mengeresdorph, Mengesdorf, Mengersdorff and Mangersdorf (14th century) via Mengirsdorf and Mengelstorff (early 15th century) to Mengelsdorff (1533) and Mengelsdorf (1768).
It is possible to derive the name from a personal name (village of a Meinger) , but more probable is the derivation from a Middle High German surname mangœre, mengœre, menger "small traders, shopkeepers, hokers, junksters ".
Sources and further reading
literature
- From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein. Home book of the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District . Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2006, ISBN 3-929091-96-8 , p. 360 f .
- Christian Gottlieb Kauffer : A brief outline of the history of Mengelsdorf . Burghart, Görlitz 1800 ( digitized version , full text on Wikisource )
Footnotes
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↑ a b c Population of the city of Reichenbach:
- December 31, 2017: City of Reichenbach / OL - Our city and its districts. Retrieved February 21, 2020 .
- December 31, 2014: City of Reichenbach / OL - Our city and its districts ( Memento from August 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- June 30, 2012: City of Reichenbach / OL - Our city and its districts ( Memento from January 4, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- December 31, 2008: City of Reichenbach / OL - Our city and its districts ( Memento from May 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Atlas zur Zeitschrift für Bauwesen , 43rd year 1893, sheet 11 (perspective of the hall as a line drawing by March's employee Rockstroh, with a floor plan) ( online in the holdings of the Architekturmuseum der Technische Universität Berlin )
- ↑ Mengelsdorf. In: suehnekreuz.de. Retrieved February 1, 2014 .
- ↑ Mengelsdorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Von der Muskauer Heide zum Rotstein , p. 361
- ↑ Saxony regional register. Retrieved February 1, 2014 .
- ↑ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Oberlausitz toponymy - studies on the toponymy of the districts of Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Görlitz, Hoyerswerda, Kamenz, Löbau, Niesky, Senftenberg, Weißwasser and Zittau. I name book (= German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . Volume 28 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975, p. 184 .
Web links
- Mengelsdorf.de: Outline of the history of Mengelsdorf ( Memento from February 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- History of the Mengelsdorf district on the website of the city of Reichenbach / OL