Dewitz (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of the von Dewitz family

Dewitz is the name of an old north German noble family . The Lords of Dewitz belong to the Mecklenburg - Pomeranian nobility. Branches of the family still exist today.

history

Manor house Cölpin
Groß Miltzow manor house
Gut Krumbeck
Daber castle ruins
Dewitz grave in the main cemetery in Stettin

Origins

The family is first mentioned with Gunter de Dewitz , who appears in a document on March 20, 1212. The parent row begins with Ulrich von Dewitz (1323-1363), Graf to Fuerstenberg, the 1335 with Daber belehnt is. Since the 14th century, members of the family belonged to the people of the castle in Pomerania.

Expansion and possessions

Otto and Ulrich von Dewitz were raised to the rank of count by Emperor Karl IV in 1348 , when he raised the rule of Mecklenburg to an imperial fief. Both were enfeoffed by the Mecklenburg dukes with the county of Fürstenberg (Havel) , consisting of the offices of Fürstenberg / Havel and Strelitz , with whom they had been enfeoffed as early as 1328 as educators and advisers to Heinrich II . As counts of Fürstenberg ( "greve tho Vorstenberghe" ) they granted Strelitz on December 4, 1349 city ​​rights .

Since the family supported the dukes of Pomerania in the war against Mecklenburg in the Wars of the Rügen Succession , their Mecklenburg fiefs were withdrawn. The dignity of the count was only given up in 1363 after the settlement in Pomerania. A short time later, members of the family settled again in Mecklenburg and acquired real estate, including 1374 Kowalz in the Gnoien district, until 1419 in Altglobsow , 1471 Groß Miltzow and 1490 Cölpin in the Stargard lordship , and in 1797 the Prussian exclave Krumbeck in family ownership . The Dewitz were among the largest landowners in the Mecklenburg southeast. In 1523 they were among the signatories of the Union of Estates .

In Pomerania they had owned the town of Daber in the Naugartschen district , which was also known as the Dewitz district due to the extensive property holdings , since the mid-14th century . Other possessions were Wussow, Weitenhagen (today Grzęzno ) and Farbezin. Branches also settled in the Kingdom of Denmark at the beginning of the 18th century .

Members of the family held high state, court and military offices in Mecklenburg, Brandenburg and Denmark. Joachim Balthasar von Dewitz († 1699) was lieutenant general and governor of the Kolberg Fortress in Brandenburg . His nephew Stephan von Dewitz († 1723) was also a royal Prussian lieutenant general and chief of a cavalry regiment . Ulrich Otto von Dewitz died in 1723 as a royal Danish lieutenant general. Otto von Dewitz became the ducal Mecklenburg Privy Councilor and was royal Prussian chamberlain from 1792 .

Gut Krumbeck remained in the family until 1945 when Ursula von Dewitz had to flee. The manor house and agricultural land were acquired by Isabelle Kühne von Dewitz around 1996 and the manor house has served the family's farm since 1997.

The family has been holding family days since 1863, and a family association was founded in Stettin in 1907 .

Von Dewitz called von Krebs

On March 15, 1853 there was a Prussian name and coat of arms association for Karl von Dewitz (1806–1867) on Weitenhagen and Veltheim , grandson of Heinrich Christoph Friedrich von Krebs on Veltheim , with the now extinct family of Krebs. As early as 1831, the Veltheim manor was inherited by von Dewitz. The Krebs were hereditary lords of Veltheim (as well as of the towns of Steinen and Rhoden) from 1233 to 1831. In 1904 this manor was first sold to the Nussbaum & Friedmann company in Halberstadt and only a short time later to a large farmer in Veltheim .

Family archive

A family archive from various collections was created in the Stettin State Archives from 1907 ; it has been preserved in the Archiwum Państwowe w Szczecinie to this day (with losses due to outsourcing during World War II) .

coat of arms

Family coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows three (2, 1) golden lid cups in red . On the helmet with red and gold helmet covers are two armored arms holding up a golden cup.

The coat of arms of Dewitz as Count von Fürstenberg

The equestrian seal of Otto Graf von Fürstenberg from 1349 shows areas with alternating tincture in the coat of arms through two diagonal right and left diagonal divisions. Horns studded with peacock feathers on the helmet.

Coat of arms from 1853

The coat of arms awarded in 1853 is quartered . 1 and 4 the family arms, 2 and 3 in silver a sloping red crab . The coat of arms has two helmets, on the right the trunk helmet, on the left with a red and silver helmet cover an erect red crab in front of two silver ostrich feathers.

Heraldic saga

The von Dewitz family has had three cups in their coat of arms for a long time. The legend reports that a Herr von Dewitz, while drunk, threw Herr von Armin out of the window of the castle in Daber into the moat. He was killed because of his drunkenness, but his family had to bear this coat of arms ever since.

  • Seal of Otto von Dewitz, Count von Fürstenberg from 1349

  • City seal of Strelitz from 1353

  • Dewitz- Bülow alliance coat of arms from 1786 on the Cölpin manor

  • Coat of arms of those von Dewitz called von Krebs

  • Coat of arms of those von Dewitz called von Krebs

Name bearer

Palace of the Krebs family in Borna

In Borna, Saxony, there is an empty (around 2016) city palace (or city house) threatened by decay with a coat of arms of the von Krebs family and another coat of arms (probably at the junction of Mühlgasse and Sachsenallee).

literature

Web links

Commons : Dewitz family  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: The coat of arms of the von Dewitz family (Sage)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Monumenta Germaniae Historica ; Leges 2, p. 218.
  2. ^ Annalize Wagner , E. Lubs: Geschichtliches von Alt-Strelitz In: Neustrelitzer city guide. Edited by the City Council of Neustrelitz, cover and drawings by Gerd Gombert , Neustrelitz, 1965, p. 6.
  3. ^ Gerlinde Kienitz: Strelitz. The first residential city. In: Neustrelitz 1733–1983. Ed .: Museum der Stadt Neustrelitz, Neustrelitz 1983, p. 10. → with reference to: Certificate on the award of town charter. Neustrelitz City Archives, V US 1.
  4. ↑ "hus unde stadt" Strelitz is documented as early as 1348 as part of the county of Fürstenberg .
  5. ^ New general German nobility lexicon. Volume 2, p. 469 ( books.google.de ).
  6. ^ Manor houses and castles in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania: Manor House & Park Krumbeck.
  7. ↑ Benno Riechelmann: From Ackerhof to Großgut. Two centuries of economic development of the Veltheim manor in the Halberstadt district. Leipzig 1926.
  8. ↑ Archive Guide Stettin , accessed on January 4, 2014.
  9. ↑ Friedrich Crull: The coats of arms of the genders of the team that occurred up to 1360 in today's borders of Meklenburg. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Volume 52, 1887, p. 98.
  10. ↑ JGT Grasse : gender, name and coat of arms sagas of the nobility of the German nation. Reprint-Verlag, Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-8262-0704-1 , p. 36.
  11. ↑ L. Wegner: "Family history of von Dewitz". Naugard 1868, p. 42 f. ( Digital copy, Scan 55, Fig.3 ).
  12. ^ Council Siemssen: The old Strelitzer city seal, From the city archive, Strelitz 1812. In: Mecklenburg-Strelitzer Calendar 1999, A year book, Ed .: Freundeskreis des Karbe-Wagner-Archivs e. V., Neustrelitz 1999, p. 5. (The seal itself is kept in the Neustrelitz City Museum.)
  13. ↑ Dewitz, Henning Detlev from at the German biography.