Blumberg (Ahrensfelde)

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Blumberg
Community Ahrensfelde
Blumberg coat of arms
Coordinates: 52 ° 36 ′ 10 ″  N , 13 ° 37 ′ 4 ″  E
Height : 76  (57-87)  m
Area : 26.05 km²
Residents : 2391  (June 15, 2016)
Population density : 92 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Incorporated into: Ahrensfelde-Blumberg
Postal code : 16356
Area code : 033394

Blumberg is a district of the municipality of Ahrensfelde , directly east of Berlin . It is located on Bundesstrasse 158 and the Berliner Ring . The place has about 2500 inhabitants.

geography

Curiosity: Left side of the street - Blumberg / Elisenau, right side of the street - Bernau / Birkholzaue

The village of Blumberg consists of the following parts of the municipality and residential areas:

  • Blumberg (village)
  • Gut Blumberg
  • Elisenau
  • Castle park settlement
  • Roe deer settlement

history

Blumberg in the Hochstift Brandenburg

From around 1237 until the middle of the 16th century, Blumberg was initially part of the Brandenburg bishopric , the imperial principality of the bishops of the Brandenburg diocese , as a table good . It was supposed to take over urban functions in the course of further settlement. The term oppidum in old documents refers to this, and it will soon become oppidulo , a diminutive of oppidum . The place name appears for the first time in 1253 in one of the documents for the city of Frankfurt (Oder) . In this document a Theodericus von Blumenberch is named, who, as the representative of the Brandenburgers, was probably commissioned with the settlement of the Blumberg table good. In connection with the murder of Provost Nicolaus von Bernau and the related preparations for the trial, an unnamed pastor von Blumberg, the pastor von Altlandsberg and the provost von Friedland came into action in 1326. They brought the letters of summons to Bishop Marquard von Ratzeburg, who was given by Pope Johannes XXII. was commissioned to carry out the process.

As early as 1375 there was a windmill that had to pay taxes of 1 shock and 10 groschen, the last known location of a post windmill was northwest of the place at today's train station. The original windmill from 1375 no longer exists. Bad weather and armed conflicts often affected this building. The mill was supposedly built in the same place again and again. In 1459 Blumberg belonged to the provost of Berlin.

The place remained in the possession of the Bishops of Brandenburg until the 16th century. They sold it before the Reformation in Brandenburg and the threatened secularization of their property in Blumberg. Blumberg came into the possession of the elector, who very soon sold it on to Hans von Krummensee . In 1602, however, Hans von Krummensee sold the place again to the Elector of Brandenburg Chancellor Hans von Löben , who built a castle there a year later. Hans von Löben was married to Margaretha von Winterfeld. The daughter Anna (Elisabeth) married Conrad von Burgsdorf, Lieutenant Colonel of Kurbrandenburg, first chamberlain, Knight Johanniter and Commander of Lagow in 1628. The place suffered greatly from the Thirty Years War ; Until 1644, Blumberg is still referred to in Low German as "stedeken", "stetslein", "stediken" or "Städtlein" in all feudal letters, later only as "flegken" or "Lehn- und Rittergut". Its further development as a city was interrupted or prevented. The walls and foundations of a Berlin and Bernauer gate are documented. In 1652 the Landreiter reported only 17 farmers with 9 servants and 2 sons, 12 cossets and the pastor for Blumberg . From 1654 the widow of the chancellor and from 1667 to 1681 her daughter Anna Elisabeth von Burgsdorff administered the place. Her pictures can be seen in the church. In 1681 Anna Elisabeth bequeathed the place to her grandson, the famous diplomat and poet Friedrich Freiherr von Canitz , bypassing her daughter Margarethe Catharina, who divorced her second husband and married a French baron . Parts of the village and the castle were victims of a major fire on March 21, 1695, the church remained undamaged, but not the parsonage next to it.

Johannis Müncheberg (* January 2, 1676; † unknown), son of the miller Johannis (Hans) Müncheberg (* 1634; † August 27, 1721), bought the mill in Blumberg in 1699 at the age of 23. His father was a tenant miller in a post mill in the neighboring village of Werneuchen . In August of the same year Baron von Canitz died, his only son only six weeks later. Heir was the stepbrother of his first wife, Philipp Ludwig Freiherr von Canstein . He fell in the War of the Spanish Succession in 1708 and his widow and heir, Ehrengard Maria geb. von der Schulenburg , had an artistic epitaph installed in his honor in the village church . In 1718 the post mill went into private ownership because Ehrengard sold it. Before the mill belonged to the ecclesiastical gentlemen in Brandenburg and in later years to the Blumberg manor. For generations until around 1818, the mill was then owned by the Wilhelm Heinrich Juert family of millers. Ehrengard Maria married Busso von Hagen's third marriage soon after, and Mrs. General-Feldt-Marschall-Lieutenant von Hagen was the owner of Blumberg, Eiche and Hellersdorf for forty years. She turned out to be a great benefactress and founded the preacher's widow's house and a church library in Blumberg. In its time, the Blumberg Church got an organ and in 1724 an extension with a patronage box was added on the south side . She died in 1748 at the age of 83, her life-size portrait, which was painted in oil on copper by Emanuel Dubuisson in 1730, is worth seeing .

Since Ehrengard Maria von Hagen did not leave any descendants, the property was divided among her brother's sons. Friedrich Wilhelm von der Schulenburg received Blumberg, Carl von der Schulenburg Eiche and Hellersdorf. During the Seven Years' War in 1760, like many other villages in the area, Blumberg was sacked by Russian troops. “The residents were harassed and valuable church objects stolen.” In 1762, Johann Ehling built the last Blumberg post mill, which was rebuilt in 1861. Alexander Friedrich Georg von der Schulenburg followed his father as the only son in 1764, he had trees planted on the streets and laid out sanctuaries. In 1767, 13 people, mostly children, died of smallpox . In 1769, Baron von der Schulenburg decreed that “none of his subjects were allowed to drive to Berlin or Seefeld on Heerstrasse. Furthermore, whoever assaults the planted trees or steals their support posts should be punished with a fine or eight hours locked in the Spanish coat or wearing the violin . ”The only son, Alexander Christian Carl Albrecht, owned since 1790 von Blumberg, sold all his goods to the president and knighthood director Carl Friedrich von Goldbeck in 1805 , who also brought oak and mehrow into his possession. The tomb of his father Heinrich Julius von Goldbeck and his mother has been preserved in the village church as a sight.

Chausseehaus Blumberg, built around 1801 from field stones
Monument to Otto von Arnim
Blumberg Castle around 1860, Duncker Collection

Shortly before, in 1801, the first section (to Werneuchen ) of the Berlin-Stettiner Chaussee was opened. Road tolls were raised (predecessor of the toll ) and the still-preserved Blumberger Chausseehaus was built. It is one of the few examples of the first generation of road houses (1794-1806). "In 1812 17 Blumberg farmers received the farm or land in return for monetary compensation or an annual service fee, they have been able to act freely and economically independently since then." In 1813 Otto von Arnim-Suckow became the first German war volunteer through a post of the French troops shot at the entrance to Blumberg. The monument in the castle park, inaugurated in 1913, commemorates this. In 1823 von Goldbeck had the Elisenau Vorwerk set up, which was named after his daughter Elise. In 1836 Count Friedrich Ludwig von Arnim (Boitzenburg Line) acquired the place for 146,000 thalers . He had the previous palace rebuilt according to the plans of Karl Friedrich Schinkel, or rather Friedrich August Stülers , and also had the 17th century baroque park redesigned according to plans by Peter Joseph Lenné . The castle was last rebuilt in the English country house style around 1910.

In 1878 Blumberg received a post office with a direct telephone connection to Bernau and Werneuchen. In 1895 the construction of the railway line from Lichtenberg to Wriezen began under the name Wriezener Bahn ; the route was completed in 1898. A horse-drawn omnibus ran from Blumberg to the Königstor (Berlin) until the rail connection, which made it possible to travel there in the morning and back in the evening. In 1901 the Blumberg volunteer fire brigade was founded. In 1904, the district forester Hugo Strempel was shot by a poacher from Berlin. A stone in the roe deer reminds of him. In 1910, burglars got into the Blumberg Church and robbed a. a. the coffins of the von Arnim family in the vault. The robbers were sentenced to five years in prison and four years in prison. In 1913 the reconstruction of the castle was completed, to which the striking tower fell victim. In 1927, the film "The Serfs" with Heinrich George was shot in Blumberg Castle and Park, directed by Richard Eichberg . Adolf Graf von Arnim , the last owner of the Blumberg manor, died in 1931 . Shortly afterwards, the property was sold to the non-profit settlement and trust company and in the following year it was deleted from the register of the manors of the Niederbarnim district .

In 1935 the palace and its park area came into the possession of the National Socialists. It served the NSV Reichseminar until 1944, then was used by the Wehrmacht, which was finally done after the entry of the Red Army on 20/21. April 1945 meant its end. It was destroyed and the ruins later demolished. The last known master miller in the town was Rudolf Roolf, who lived at Kleine Bahnhofstrasse 14 in 1944. In the winter of 1946/47 the post mill was dismantled and leveled.

In the summer of 1958, a hurricane raged in Blumberg, kinking the high-voltage pylons, hurling the roofs of barns up to 100 meters and damaging and knocking over many of the old oak trees along the main path of the castle park.

In June 1961, after long discussions , the Senate of the Humboldt University decided to relocate it to a university town to be founded in Blumberg, as there was insufficient space in the city center, mainly due to extensive war damage. By 1966, parts of the natural sciences and the agricultural faculty were to move to the new satellite city, between 1966 and 1980 the rest of the natural sciences and medicine, and not until 1996 the humanities follow. The latter had fought particularly vehemently against the move plans. The idea of ​​a campus university was to be realized in Berlin. After the Wall was built in August 1961, the Blumberg project was dropped because the visible occupation of central Berlin by representative institutions had political priority. In 1963 the project was finally postponed to an uncertain future due to the obvious financing problems and a short time later it was completely closed.

On October 26, 2003, Blumberg was incorporated into the new municipality of Ahrensfelde-Blumberg, which was renamed Ahrensfelde on October 1, 2004.

coat of arms

Coat of arms Blumberg (Barnim) .png

Description: The coat of arms is divided into green and red with a silver thread . Above, four golden flowers grow from the base of the shield arched towards the mountain . In the base of the shield lie two crossed silver keys with a quatrefoil , whose beards with cross cuts point to the right .

Symbolism: The four flowers symbolize the name of the place and represent the districts of Dorf, Gut, Elisenau and Schlossparkiedlung. The two keys, as Petrus key symbols of the diocese of Brandenburg, refer to the history of Blumberg as diocese property.

Blumberg has only had the coat of arms designed by the Erfurt heraldist Frank Diemar since 2006. It can be seen in the town's “Stufensaal”.

Culture and sights

Church from the 13th century
Small bridge in Lenné Park

Theodor Fontane set a memorial for the community in the walks through the Mark Brandenburg (Volume 4), in which he wrote down the history of the place and its families and also provided a detailed description of the local church.

church

The Evangelical Church of Blumberg is a village church made of field stones from the 13th century.

park

The palace park, east of the town center and only partially preserved, was laid out in the middle of the 19th century according to plans by Peter Joseph Lenné . In 1912/13 the manor house was redesigned in the English country house style. The center of the castle park is the former castle lake with an island, which was accessible via a wooden bridge until the 1960s. The lake was still usable as a bathing lake until around 1965. During the GDR period it was no longer tended and silted up. In the southwest corner was the so-called stone basin with the drain into the sluice ditch. At the edge of the park there is a giant oak with a chest height of 7.50 m. In 2014/15 the park was partially restored as part of an Interreg IV A project.

Sons and daughters of the place

Personalities associated with Blumberg

literature

Web links

Commons : Blumberg (Barnim)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Blumberg in the RBB program Landschleicher on April 30, 2017

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gustav Abb and Gottfried Wentz: The Diocese of Brandenburg . First part. In: Germania sacra , Berlin and Leipzig 1929, Walter de Gruyter, p. 71.
  2. ↑ Werneuchen-Aus alten Zeit Heimatkundliche Mitteilungen von Martin Kuban 2012 Heimatheft Verlag Werneuchen p. 100
  3. ↑ Mehrow.de B. Eckel Windmühlen in the Niederbarnim district (status 1944) Pr.Br.Rep. 2A I Hb No. 1285 Directory of windmills in the Potsdam administrative region under 1. Blumberg
  4. ↑ brandenburgikon Landesgeschichte online Historisches Lexikon Brandenburgs - Blumberg (district Barnim) by Felix Koschmieder under size / structure / paragraph 3
  5. ^ History of the flour mills. Technical monuments of the flour mills in Central and Eastern Germany Otfried Wagenbreth Deutscher Verlag für Grundstofftindustrie 1994 p. 215
  6. ↑ Mehrow.de B.Eckel article source "Heimat und Welt / Blätter zur Pflege des Heimatgedankens", supplement to the Niederbarnimer Kreisblatt Location: Berlin State Library - PK, newspaper department in the Westhafenspeicher, signature Ztg 1262 MR Wilhelm Wolff - Wensickendorf The "little town" Blumberg see penultimate paragraph
  7. ↑ George Adalbert von Mülverstedt , Ed .: Collection of marriage foundations and personal commemorative letters of the knightly families of the provinces of Saxony, Brandenburg, Pomerania and Prussia . 360 S., Magdeburg 1863 Online at Google Books (p. 45)
  8. ^ Matthias Friske: The medieval churches on the Barnim. Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2001. p. 103
  9. ↑ Chronicle of the community of Ahrensfelde and its districts (PDF; 1.8 MB), accessed October 3, 2013
  10. ↑ Werneuchen-Aus alten Zeit Heimatkundliche Mitteilungen von Martin Kuban 2012 Heimatheft Verlag Werneuchen p. 107
  11. ↑ Epitaph of Philipp Ludwig Freiherr von Canstein , accessed on October 3, 2013.
  12. ^ Wilhelm Wolff-Wensickendorf: Das "Städtlein" Blumberg , 1935, accessed October 3, 2013
  13. ↑ barnim.de: Blumberg - Ladies portrait of the EM von Hagen ( Memento of October 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), accessed October 3, 2013.
  14. ^ Epitaph of the von Goldbeck family , accessed October 3, 2013.
  15. ↑ mehrow.de: Stone in memory of district forester Hugo Strempel , accessed on October 3, 2013.
  16. ^ Filmportal.de: "Die Serfigen" , accessed on October 3, 2013.
  17. ↑ Mehrow.de Chronicle of the community of Ahrensfelde and its districts Ahrensfelde Blumberg Eiche Lindenberg Mehrow as (PDF; 1.8 MB) p. 14 under 1828
  18. ↑ Konrad H. Jarausch, Matthias Middell, Annette Vogt: History of the University of Unter den Linden , Volume 3: Socialist experiment and renewal in democracy - the Humboldt University of Berlin 1945-2010. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2012
  19. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003
  20. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2004
  21. ^ [1] Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum : Plans Collection
  22. ^ Entry in the directory of monumental oaks . Retrieved January 10, 2017