Brandenburg Monastery

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806) .svg
Territory in the Holy Roman Empire
Brandenburg Monastery
coat of arms
Coat of arms of the Diocese of Brandenburg.png
map
Map of the Hochstift Brandenburg.svg
The Brandenburg bishopric around 1535


Ruler / government Prince-Bishop of Brandenburg
Today's region / s DE-BB



Capitals / residences Brandenburg Cathedral ; Ziesar Castle , Castle Pritzerbe
Denomination / Religions Roman Catholic , since 1544 Evangelical Lutheran



Incorporated into Electorate of Brandenburg (1571)


Hochstift Brandenburg (in the Middle Ages Stift Brandenburg ) is a modern name for the secular territory of the bishops of Brandenburg, in which they ruled as prince-bishops and thus imperial princes , and its administration. It was a rulership of the Holy Roman Empire . The places of residence of the bishopric were the castles of Brandenburg , Pritzerbe and Ziesar . It was dissolved in 1571. It is to be distinguished from the spiritual jurisdiction of the diocese of Brandenburg and also from the cathedral monastery of Brandenburg , the property of the cathedral chapter, and was also not part of the Mark Brandenburg , the territory of the Margrave of Brandenburg .

history

The German King Otto I founded the Diocese of Brandenburg on October 1, 948 in the newly conquered area east of the Elbe . He endowed it with little land. The territory was considered imperial immediately. After the Slav uprising in 983 , the diocese was dissolved, and bishops continued to be appointed, although they only had nominal rights in exile.

Since 1138 a bishop resided east of the Elbe, first in Leitzkau, and since 1165 again at the cathedral in Brandenburg. This had its own administration. In the following centuries, the bishops resided alternately in Brandenburg, Pritzerbe and Ziesar , and from the 14th century only in Ziesar. During this time the margraves finally succeeded in urging the bishops to reside .

Around 1544, the Reformation was pushed through in the bishopric against resistance. Under Bishop Joachim Friedrich , the bishopric was finally dissolved and the property was incorporated into the Electorate of Brandenburg in 1571 .

Structures

Structures under imperial law

The bishopric was formally imperial , that is, it was directly subordinate to the German king as territory, the bishop was considered an imperial prince and was entitled to participate in diets in the spiritual class. However, the Brandenburg margraves and electors tried to get the bishops under their influence from the 12th century, which was actually achieved in the 14th century when the bishops had to appear in Brandenburg state parliaments and perform taxes and services in the march of Brandenburg. In the registers of the royal chancellery they were listed as imperial princes until the early 16th century.

administration

The bishopric, that is, the environment of the bishop, built up its own spiritual, secular and courtly administration. This was formally separated from the cathedral chapter , which had its own structures and possessions. As spiritual representative there was a vicar general and an ex officio , for the secular administration, a law firm with notaries , the jurisdiction in the pen area a Vogt , for the courtly household a court marshal , a steward , a butler , for the military defense of a captain. There were also numerous other servants.

possession

The ownership of the bishopric was relatively small and at times consisted of about 23 places in the offices of Ziesar, Ketzin, Teltow and Pritzerbe, as well as some other income. It was separate from the property of the cathedral chapter. In contrast to the Hochstift, the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the diocese covered large parts of the Mark Brandenburg.

literature

  • Gottfried Wentz : The Brandenburg bishopric. In: Gustav Abb , Gottfried Wentz (arrangement): The Diocese of Brandenburg. Part 1. (= Germania sacra . I. Department: The dioceses of the ecclesiastical province of Magdeburg. 3). Berlin and Leipzig 1929. pp. 1-80. ( PDF )

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ingo Materna , Wolfgang Ribbe (ed.): Brandenburg history. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-05-002508-5 , p. 277.