Theodor Fontane

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Theodor Fontane (1883)
(painting by Carl Breitbach )
Fontane's signature

Heinrich Theodor Fontane (born December 30, 1819 in Neuruppin , † September 20, 1898 in Berlin ) was a German writer, journalist and critic. He is considered an important representative of realism .

Life

origin

Fontane birthplace in Neuruppin (Löwen Pharmacy at Karl-Marx-Straße 84)

Theodor Fontane was born on December 30, 1819 as the son of the pharmacist Louis Henri Fontane (1796–1867) and Emilie Fontane. Labry (1798–1869) born in Neuruppin and baptized on January 27, 1820. Both parents were of Huguenot origin.

Fontane's grandfather was the painter and music teacher Pierre Barthélemy Fontane (1757-1826), later cabinet secretary to Queen Luise of Prussia . He received this post after the king's flight to Königsberg because of the defeat in the battle of Jena and Auerstedt . In 1806 Pierre Barthélemy Fontane was castellan of Schönhausen Palace .

Childhood and youth

Theodor Fontane lived in Neuruppin until he was seven. His father sold the pharmacy in the middle of the city, the Fontane House , which is now a listed building , because of his gambling debts and after repaying the debts he bought a smaller pharmacy in Swinoujscie , which is why the family left Neuruppin in Brandenburg.

From 1832 to 1833 Fontane attended the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Gymnasium in Neuruppin, afterwards he entered the trade school of Karl Friedrich Klöden in Berlin. In 1834 he moved in with his father's half-brother August Fontane. In 1835 he first met his future wife Emilie Rouanet-Kummer. In 1836 he broke off his training at the trade school and began training as a pharmacist in the Berlin pharmacy "Zum Weißen Schwan" with Wilhelm Rose .

Work as a pharmacist

Theodor Fontane ( Georg Friedrich Kersting , 1843)
Reference for Fontane from his father (1845)

After completing his apprenticeship in December 1839, Fontane took up a position as a pharmacist's assistant in Burg (near Magdeburg) in the fall of 1840 .

In 1841 he fell ill with typhus , but was able to recover from the disease at his parents' home in Letschin . When he was healthy again, he worked as a pharmacist's assistant from April 1841 to February 1842 in the Adler pharmacy in Leipzig, then in the Salomonis pharmacy in Dresden , and finally in his father's pharmacy in Letschin.

In the course of 1845, Fontane went to the Polish pharmacy of Julius Eduard Schacht in Berlin after working in his father's pharmacy. On December 8, 1845, he became engaged to Emilie Rouanet-Kummer (1824–1902).

From April 1, 1844 to March 31, 1845 he did his military service as a one-year volunteer with the Emperor Franz Garde Grenadier Regiment No. 2 and was regularly dismissed with the rank of corporal . During this time, at the invitation of his school friend Hermann Scherz, he went on his first 14-day trip to England. In March 1847 Fontane received his license to practice medicine as a “first-class pharmacist”. The following year - he was now an employee of the Zum Schwarzen Adler pharmacy on Georgenkirchplatz - Fontane fought as a revolutionary in the so-called barricade battles . At that time he published four rather radical texts in the Berliner Zeitungs-Halle , the publication organ of the Central Committee of Democrats in Germany .

Then he was employed at the Bethanien Hospital and trained two deaconesses there. He reported in detail about his meeting with Emmy Danckwerts , whom he trained as a pharmacist, in his autobiography From Twenty to Thirty .

Writer, journalist and theater critic

Memorial plaque on the house at Mariannenplatz 1–3 in Berlin-Kreuzberg

Theodor Fontane came into contact with the Berlin literary scene during his apprenticeship with Wilhelm Rose. He published his first novella Geschwisterliebe in 1839, and he also wrote his first poems . In Leipzig he was a member of the literary student association Herwegh-Klub and had contacts with the editor Georg Günther . In 1843 Bernhard von Lepel introduced him to the literary association Tunnel over the Spree , of which he was a member from 1844 to 1865.

On September 30, 1849, he decided to give up the pharmacist job completely and to live as a freelance writer. Political texts were first written in the radical democratic Dresdner Zeitung . That year his first book was also published: Men and Heroes. Eight Prussian songs .

On October 16, 1850, he married Emilie Rouanet-Kummer. They moved into an apartment in Berlin together. At first they had financial problems because Theodor Fontane couldn't find a job. On August 14, 1851, their first child, George, was born († 1887 in Lichterfelde after a ruptured appendix). The three following sons Rudolf (* 1852), Peter Paul (* 1853) and Ulrich (* 1855) died shortly after the birth. The son Theodor (1856–1933) was born as the fifth child . The only daughter named Martha (1860-1917), called Mete, was finally followed in 1864 by his last son Friedrich Fontane († 1941 in Neuruppin).

In 1851 Fontane joined the editorial team of the conservative-reactionary, pietist- oriented Neue Preussische (Kreuz-) Zeitung , whose founding committee had included Otto von Bismarck . He worked for them until 1870. A year later he was employed by the Central Office for Press Affairs. For this he made trips to London (1852) and lived there from 1855 to 1859. In August 1855, Adolph Menzel Fontane proposed to set up a German-English correspondence in London. The Prussian Prime Minister Otto von Manteuffel approved the stay and provided financial security. It was Fontane's task in London to launch press reports in English and German newspapers in favor of Prussian foreign policy. He was subordinate to the London ambassador Albrecht von Bernstorff . Fontane, who was also supposed to win over German emigrants to Prussian politics, took z. B. Contact Julius Faucher and Heinrich Beta . As Edgar Bauer reported, Fontane was "a local agent of the Prussian government". With his reports called Englischer Artikel , he was the first to inform a wider audience in Germany about the Pre-Raphaelites , a new art movement in England.

Theodor Fontane, around 1860

With the change of government in the Prussian royal house (1858), he trusted in a future liberalization in Prussia and ended his correspondent activities in London to return home. Here, however, he could not find an editorial job and now devoted himself to travel literature, which experienced a real boom in the middle of the 19th century, because only a few people could afford to travel. Articles and books about travel to the Orient , Europe and other areas, as well as the adventures and dangers involved, received ample public attention. The first articles about his hometown Neuruppin appeared, such as “Der Tempelgarten” (former gardens of Crown Prince Friedrich in Prussia) in the Kreuzzeitung . From the travel reports, enriched with history and stories, the booklet Grafschaft Ruppin was created in 1861 , which received the second edition with the title walks through the Mark Brandenburg just a year later . Until a few years before his death, Fontane revised this first volume, which had a total of five editions, changed and supplemented it, in part with his former Neuruppin neighbor, the businessman Alexander Gentz. The migration work also includes three more volumes as well as a bundle published today that remained unpublished during his lifetime . The migration work forms the basis for Fontane's later epic work.

In 1864 Fontane traveled to Copenhagen , where he wrote about the German-Danish War . From 1870 Fontane worked as a theater critic for the Vossische Zeitung . In the same year he took leave to visit the theater of war in Paris during the Franco-Prussian War . In France he was arrested under false suspicions as a German or Prussian spy , but was released again after an intervention by Bismarck in his favor. He described his experiences in 1871 in the book Prisoners of War. Experienced in 1870 .

Between 1874 and 1876 Fontane and his wife made various trips to Austria , Italy and Switzerland . At the end of these trips, he decided to stop writing for a newspaper. Instead, he wanted to live as a freelance writer again. In 1892 he fell ill with severe brain ischemia . The doctor advised him to write down his childhood memories to distract himself from the illness. He followed the advice and recovered so well that he was able to complete Effi Briest and two other novels ( Die Poggenpuhls and Der Stechlin ) as well as the autobiographical work From Twenty to Thirty .

Death and inheritance

Grave of Theodor and Emilie Fontane

Fontane died on September 20, 1898 in Berlin. As a member of the French Reformed Congregation, he was buried in Cemetery II in Berlin-Mitte . His wife Emilie was buried at his side four years later. His grave is dedicated as an honor grave of the State of Berlin , it is in field B-35 / 36-16 / 17.

After his death, the Fontane estate was in the possession of the family and was administered by a commission set up by will. After Emilie Fontane's death, Fontane's desk with manuscripts of the short stories printed during his lifetime came to the Märkisches Museum in Berlin - as a “gift from the poet”, as it says in the museum's access book. The architect of the Märkisches Museum Ludwig Hoffmann designed a Fontane room in the Märkisches Museum in 1908 . Almost all of the furniture in the room, including the desk, was lost in 1945 or later at its storage location in Lagow Castle . After a reassessment of Fontane in the GDR, the museum again showed a modeled Fontane room with remaining originals in the years 1966–1975. The collection on literary history of the Stadtmuseum Berlin Foundation, established in 1995 , to which u. a. the "Märkisches Museum" belongs to, is now in possession of the partial estate, reduced by war losses, which still includes around 10,000 handwritten sheets.

Monument in Neuruppin by Max Wiese

After negotiations with the Prussian State Library and the library of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität about a purchase failed due to incompatible asking prices, the auction house Meyer & Ernst auctioned the Fontane estate, which remained in the family's possession, on October 9, 1933. The extensive, unsold remainder (approx. Three quarters of what was offered at the auction) was arranged and supplemented by his only living son Friedrich. In 1935 the Province of Brandenburg acquired this part of the estate together with the collection created by his son as well as the part of his publishing archive relating to his father and founded the Theodor Fontane Archive as the literary archive of the Province of Brandenburg in Potsdam, the only public institution in Germany since the reunification, the Fontane -Autograph collects.

Significant sub-collections were also created in the Berlin State Library , which owns most of Fontane's letters as well as the 67 Fontane notebooks, the unfinished narrative fragments and the “ Mathilde Möhring ” manuscript, and in the German Literature Archive in Marbach . Individual items are in many German and international libraries and archives, e.g. B. in the Bavarian State Library and in the Monacensia of the Munich City Library.

In the course of 35 years, Christian Andree assembled a collection of over 6,000 original Fontane manuscripts, which he sold to the Theodor Fontane Archive in 1997.

Fontane and the "Jewish Question"

Theodor Fontane

A publication on the subject of Fontane and the Jewish Question , published on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his death, prompted Fontane research to examine the question of whether Fontane was an anti-Semite . Although the presentation was assessed differently - Wolfgang Benz called it a "brilliant study", while for Hans Otto Horch it was "certainly an inadequate overall presentation of the problem" - the research agrees on the finding that Fontane himself wrote private letters towards the end of his life "without reflection, adopted essential key words of ... anti-Semitic agitation". In addition, the research evaluates Fontane “as a writer who shares and transports the widespread enemy images and prejudices without appearing as a committed anti-Semite”. He had thus mirrored the zeitgeist in a literary and journalistic way.

Fontane himself maintained long-term, trusting personal and business relationships with Jews and avoided taking a position in the public discussions about the “ Jewish question ” that came to a head in the Berlin anti-Semitism dispute. The portrayals of the nobility and Judaism in Berlin society (1878) and the Jews in our society (early 1890s) that he had begun remained unfinished.

Work and effect

Meaning and style

Postage stamp (1952) from the series Men from the History of Berlin

Fontane is regarded as the outstanding representative of poetic realism in Germany. In his novels, most of which were written after he was 60, he characterizes the characters by precisely describing their appearance, their surroundings and, above all, their way of speaking from a critical, loving distance. Typical is the presentation of a cultivated conversation in a closed circle (also known as a causerie ), for example at a celebratory dinner - the people follow social conventions and yet reveal their true interests, often against their will. Fontane often moves from a criticism of individuals to an implicit criticism of society.

All novels and short stories are told from an authorial gesture ( authorial narrator ). However, a personal moment ( personal narrator ) also occurs as a trick in the figure speech in dialogues . Another striking feature of Fontane's writing style is his ironic humor, which he describes in his review of Die Ahnen von Gustav Freytag in The Concept of Transfiguration as Element of Realism (1889) as the “best way” to get there.

A characteristic stylistic device of Fontane is the light, non-binding interspersion of important motifs in the narrative, often with immediate relativization and withdrawal, which are referred to again later and which are thereby given special emphasis. This stylistic device is particularly widespread in Effi Briest .

The historical picture of the emergence of the Mark Brandenburg was strongly influenced by Fontane.

Literary reception

Newly planted pear tree next to Ribbeck church

Friedrich Christian Delius replicates Theodor Fontane's ballad Herr von Ribbeck auf Ribbeck im Havelland in his 1991 story Die Pears von Ribbeck . The starting point of the action is, a few months after the end of the GDR system, the planting of a pear tree in the garden of Ribbeck Palace by a group of West Berliners who entertain the population on the occasion of this event. At this festival, a local, increasingly drunk, recites the Ribbeck story in a long monologue from his perspective or his feelings in the time of the fall of the Wall and repeatedly integrated ballad quotes into his interpretations.

Günter Grass refers to Theodor Fontane in his novel Ein weites Feld , published in 1995 , which takes place in the time of reunification before German reunification and deals with German history from the 1848 revolution to the demolition of the Berlin Wall. His curriculum vitae resembles that of one of the two main characters, Theo Wuttke, called Fonty, which creates many connections between events from both eras. In addition, the title A wide field picks up on a phrase by Effi Briest's father, with which Fontane concludes his novel Effi Briest in a small variation : "... that is too broad a field."

Editions

Special stamp for the 175th birthday

The first large complete edition of Fontane's works was published between 1905 and 1910 by his son Friedrich Fontane's publishing house in 21 volumes. The editors were the estate administrators Paul Schlenther , Otto Pniower and Josef Ettlinger . This edition was neither intended to be complete, nor was it text-critical or commented. Nevertheless, it formed the basis for a scientific study of Fontane for decades.

It was not until the edition All Works , for which Kurt Schreinert was responsible , published by Edgar Groß in 24 volumes between 1959 and 1975 in the Nymphenburger Verlagsanstalt Munich , that the aim was to achieve completeness and for the first time included Fontane's extensive critical-journalistic work.

This is followed by the edition of Fontane's works, writings and letters by Walther Keitel and Helmuth Nürnberger in the Hanser Verlag in Munich, which was completed in 1997 and comprises five sections with several volumes, as well as the Great Brandenburg Edition founded and published by Gotthard Erler in 1994, of which the walks through the Mark Brandenburg (8 vols.), the poems (3 vols.), the marriage letters (3 vols.), diaries and travel diaries (3 vols.) and the narrative work (20 vols.) are available . The narrative work department in the Theodor Fontane Archive was coordinated and editorially supervised by Christine Hehle.

Since 2010, the Great Brandenburg Edition has been continued under the scientific direction and editing of Gabriele Radecke and Heinrich Detering at the Theodor Fontane office of the University of Göttingen. The departments The Autobiographical Work , The Travel Literary Work and The Critical Work are currently being developed by an interdisciplinary team.

On July 15, 2015, the first scientific Fontane Editions portal was activated, in which Fontane's 67 notebooks are successively edited. The portal was developed by Mathias Göbel at the Lower Saxony State and University Library in Göttingen in collaboration with the Theodor Fontane office ; the German Research Foundation finances the project.

Honors

5 DM commemorative coin from 1969

Theodor Fontane received the House Order of the Wendish Crown (April 1871) and the Order of the Red Eagle . At the suggestion of Theodor Mommsen and Erich Schmidt , he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Philosophical Faculty of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin .

Several German art and literature prizes as well as the Fontane plaque designed by Paul Matzdorf and awarded since 1911 are named after Theodor Fontane .

Various stamps in honor of Theodor Fontane were issued: an 8 Pfg. stamp from Deutsche Post Berlin in 1952, on the occasion of his 150th birthday on February 5, 1969 by the Deutsche Post of the GDR and in 1970 by Deutsche Bundespost Berlin , and on the occasion of his 175th birthday 1994 a 1 DM stamp from Deutsche Post . On the first day of issue on December 5, 2019, Deutsche Post AG issued a postage stamp with a face value of 155 euro cents on the occasion of its 200th birthday . The design comes from the graphic designer Grit Fiedler from Leipzig. On November 17, 1969, the Deutsche Bundesbank issued a 5 DM commemorative coin .

Theodor Fontane served as the namesake for the program Theodor - Das Magazin from Brandenburg with "Geschichte (n) aus der Mark", which was produced from 2008 to 2017 by Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg (rbb).

In honor of the writer, a species of fish that was first described in 2003 and only occurs in the Großer Stechlinsee , the Stechlin whitefish , was given the scientific name Coregonus fontanae . In the cemetery of the French Reformed community in Berlin on Liesenstrasse there is a memorial with information about his Huguenot origins, his youth, his life and his work.

The original Fontane pharmacy is located on the ground floor of the Bethanien in Berlin-Kreuzberg. The Theodor Fontane Society and the Theodor Fontane Archive are dedicated to the life and work of Theodor Fontane .

Works

Theodor Fontane wrote not only literary works but also as a journalist (especially for the Kreuzzeitung) and translated Shakespeare's Hamlet in 1842 . There were also dramas , poems , biographies , war books , letters , diaries , theater reviews , newspaper articles and programmatic writings.

Novels, short stories, short stories and other prose

Sculpture in Berlin-Buch

The data are based on the imprint of the first book edition.

Editions from the estate

Five locks
publisher's cover of the first book edition
Part of the sculpture “The Modern Book Printing” at the Berlin Walk of Ideas
  • Causeries about theater. Ed .: Paul Schlenther. F. Fontane publishing house, Berlin 1905.
  • From the estate. Edited by Josef Ettlinger. Verlag F. Fontane, Berlin 1908. Therein:
  • Mathilde Möhring . In: From the estate of Theodor Fontane . Verlag F. Fontane., Berlin 1908 ( digitized version ).
  • Travel letters from the theater of war in Bohemia 1866. Ed. By Christian Andree. Propylaeen Verlag, Berlin, Vienna 1973.
  • Two post stations . Faks. Of the handwriting. Edited by Jochen Meyer. German Schiller Society, Marbach 1991. (Marbacher Schriften. 34.)
  • False correspondence . Edited by Heide Streiter-Buscher . 2 volumes de Gruyter, Berlin and New York 1996. (Writings of the Theodor Fontane Society. Volume 1.1-1.2.) - Volume 1: 1860–1865; Volume 2: 1866-1870, ISBN 3-11-014076-4 .

Ballads and poems

Fontane wrote over 250 poems, including ballads and sayings. This includes:

Letters

  • The correspondence between Theodor Fontane and Paul Heyse 1850–1897. Edited by Erich Petzet. Weltgeist books, Berlin 1929.
  • Letters to Georg Friedlaender. Ed. U. ext. v. Kurt Schreinert. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1954.
  • Letters . Edited by Kurt Schreinert. Completed with a follow-up by Charlotte Jolles (Volume 1: To the father, mother and wife ; Volume 2: To the daughter and sister ; Volume 3: To Mathilde von Rohr ; Volume 4: To Karl and Emilie Zöllner and other friends ). Propylaea, Berlin 1968–1971.
  • Letters to Julius Rodenberg . A documentation . Edited by Hans-Heinrich Reuter. Structure, Berlin and Weimar 1969.
  • The correspondence between Theodor Fontane and Paul Heyse . Edited by Gotthard Erler . Structure, Berlin and Weimar 1972.
  • Mete Fontane: Letters to Parents 1880–1882 . Ed. And ext. by Edgar R. Rosen . 1974.
  • Letters , Vol. 1–5 (Vol. 5: Register). Edited by Helmuth Nürnberger et al., Hanser, Munich 1976–1988. Also as: Letters , Volumes I – IV. Frankfurt am Main / Ullstein, Berlin 1987. (Ullstein book 4549–4552), ISBN 3-548-04552-9 [set-level identical to the Hanser edition]
  • Theodor Fontane: Beyond the Havel and Spree. Travel letters . Edited by Gotthard Erler. Rütten & Loening, Berlin 1984.
  • The Fontanes and the Merckels. An exchange of family letters 1850–1870 . Edited by Gotthard Erler. 2 volumes construction, Berlin and Weimar 1987.
  • Theodor Fontane's correspondence with Wilhelm Wolfsohn . Edited by Christa Schultze. Structure, Berlin and Weimar 1988.
  • Theodor Fontane: Letters to Georg Friedlaender . Based on the edition by Kurt Schreinert u. of the manuscripts newly edited. u. with an after. by Walter Hettche. With an essay by Thomas Mann . Insel, Frankfurt am Main 1994 (Insel taschenbuch 1565, ISBN 3-458-33265-0 ).
  • Emilie and Theodor Fontane: The exchange of marriage letters . Edited by Gotthard Erler with the assistance of Therese Erler. 3 vols. Aufbau-Verlag Berlin 1998 (large Brandenburg edition). ISBN 3-351-03133-5
    • Poet women are always like that. The exchange of marriage letters 1844–1857.
    • Beloved impatience. The exchange of marriage letters 1857–1871.
    • Affection is something of a mystery. The exchange of marriage letters 1873–1898.
  • Theodor Fontane and Martha Fontane - A family mail network . Edited by Regina Dieterle. de Gruyter, Berlin and New York 2002, Writings of the Theodor Fontane Society, Volume 4, ISBN 3-11-015881-7 .
  • Theodor Fontane and Bernhard von Lepel . The correspondence. Critical edition. Volume 1-2. Edited by Gabriele Radecke . de Gruyter, Berlin and New York 2006, Writings of the Theodor Fontane Society, Volume 5, ISBN 3-11-016354-3 .
  • Theodor Fontane and Wilhelm Wolfsohn - an intercultural relationship. Letters, documents, reflections. Edited by Hanna Delf von Wolzüge and Itta Shedletzky. Arranged by Hanna Delf von Wolzüge, Christine Hehle and Ingolf Schwan. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2006, ISBN 3-16-148720-6 .
  • Theodor Storm - Theodor Fontane. Correspondence. Crit. Output. Edited by Gabriele Radecke . Erich Schmidt, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-503-12280-6 .

Notebooks

  • The first complete edition of the 67 Fontane notebooks is being developed at the Theodor Fontane office under the direction of Gabriele Radecke in collaboration with the Lower Saxony State and University Library as a digital edition in the Fontane Editions portal and as a book edition.

Diaries

  • Diaries. Volume 1: 1852, 1855-1858, ed. by Charlotte Jolles with the assistance of Rudolf Muhs; Volume 2: 1866-1882, 1884-1898, ed. by Gotthard Erler with the help of Therese Erler, Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-351-03100-9

Digital work edition

Film adaptations

Postage stamp 1970 of the Deutsche Bundespost Berlin

Radio plays (selection)

Audiobooks (selection)

Research centers

  • The Theodor Fontane Archive , founded in 1935, is a scientific institution of the University of Potsdam . The archive conducts basic research, organizes editions, invites you to symposia and initiates, promotes and organizes scientific research projects.
  • In 2010 the Theodor Fontane office was founded at the University of Göttingen to work on digital and analog edition projects on an interdisciplinary basis. The largest editorial science Fontane research center is also dedicated to the promotion of young talent and offers editorial science (Fontane) seminars.

Events

  • Since 2010, the city of Neuruppin has organized its Fontane Festival Neuruppin every two years during the Whitsun days.
  • In 2019 an exhibition took place in Neuhardenberg Castle: F. - Wanderings of the Century

Theodor Fontane Society

On December 15, 1990, the international Theodor Fontane Society was founded as a literary association in Potsdam. It is based in Neuruppin, Theodor Fontane's birth town. The society wants to bring scientists and literature lovers together in order to cultivate and promote the occupation with the life and work of Theodor Fontane in a variety of ways. With around 1,100 members, it is now one of the largest literary societies in Germany.

literature

  • Ursula Amrein, Regina Dieterle (eds.): Gottfried Keller and Theodor Fontane. From Realism to Modernism = Writings of the Theodor Fontane Society 6. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-019647-4 .
  • Paul Irving Anderson: The Hidden Fontane and How to Find It. Hirzel, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-7776-1416-5 .
  • Heinz Ludwig Arnold (Ed.): Kindlers Literature Lexicon . 3rd, completely revised edition. 18. Vol. Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2009, ISBN 978-3-476-04000-8 .
    • with articles on: Theodor Fontane , Mathilda Möhring , Schach von Wuthenow , Stine , Der Stechlin , Unterm Birnbaum , Grete Minde , Ellernklipp , hike through the Mark Brandenburg , Before the Storm , Poggenpuhls , Cecile
  • Heinz Ludwig Arnold (Ed.): Theodor Fontane . Edition text + criticism, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-88377-318-2 .
  • Kenneth Attwood: Fontane and Prussia . Baltica Verlag, 2000, ISBN 3-934097-08-1 .
  • Roland Berbig (Ed.): Fontane als Biograph = writings of the Theodor Fontane Society 7. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-11-022478-8 .
  • Roland Berbig (Ed.): Theodor Fontane in literary life. Newspapers and magazines, publishers and associations = writings of the Theodor Fontane Gesellschaft 3. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-11-016293-8 .
  • Roland Berbig (ed.): Theodorus victor: Theodor Fontane, the writer of the 19th century at the end of the 20th century. A collection of contributions . Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main 1999, ISBN 3-631-35227-1 .
  • Gordon A. Craig : About Fontane. CH Beck, Munich 1997.
  • Iwan-Michelangelo D'Aprile: Fontane. A century in motion. Rowohlt, Reinbek near Hamburg 2018, ISBN 978-3-4980-0099-8 .
  • Konrad Ehlich (ed.): Fontane and the foreigner, Fontane and Europe . Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-8260-1830-3 .
  • Hermann Fricke: Theodor Fontane's last will and its execution. In: Yearbook “The Bear of Berlin”, ed. v. Association for the History of Berlin , 11th year, Berlin 1962.
  • Christian Grawe u. Helmuth Nürnberger (ed.): Fontane manual . Kröner, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-520-83201-1 .
  • Christian Grawe: Guide through Fontane's novels: a lexicon of people, scenes and works of art . Reclam, Stuttgart 1996.
  • Rudolf Helmstetter: The birth of realism from the haze of the family sheet: Fontane and the public-historical framework of poetic realism . Wilhelm Fink, Munich 1997. ISBN 3-7705-3237-6
  • Manfred Horlitz: Theodor Fontane's ancestors. Newly opened documents - surprising discoveries . Stapp, Berlin 2009. ISBN 978-3-87776-270-7
  • Charlotte Jolles : Fontane and Politics. A contribution to the characterization of Theodor Fontane . 2nd Edition. Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin / Weimar 1988. ISBN 3-351-01266-7
  • Claude Keisch, Peter-Klaus Schuster , Moritz Wullen (eds.): Fontane and the fine arts: Catalog for the exhibition from September 4 to November 29, 1998 in the National Museums in Berlin, National Gallery at the Kulturforum . Henschel, Berlin 1998. ISBN 3-89487-315-9
  • Landscape Pictures - Fontane and Garden Art. Joint spring meeting of the Theodor Fontane Society and the Prussian Palaces and Gardens Foundation Berlin-Brandenburg in cooperation with the GartenForum Glienicke in Glienicke Palace 22. – 24. May 2008 . In: Die Gartenkunst  21 (1/2009):
  • Erik Lorenz , Robert Rauh : Fontane's five castles. Old and new stories from the Mark Brandenburg . be.bra verlag, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-86124-701-2
  • Richard Moritz Meyer:  Fontane, Theodor . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 48, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1904, pp. 617-624.
  • Wolf Nitschke: Theodor Fontane - a Prussian author? In: Hans-Christof Kraus, Frank-Lothar Kroll (ed.): Literature in Prussia - Prussian literature? Research on Brandenburg and Prussian History, New Series, Supplement 13/3: Prussia in its artistic forms of expression, Volume 3. Berlin 2016, pp. 81–110.
  • Helmuth Nürnberger : On the stairs of Sanssouci. Studies on Fontane . Edited by Michael Ewert and Christine Hehle. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2016. ISBN 978-3-8260-5771-7
  • Helmuth Nürnberger, Dietmar Storch: Fontane-Lexikon. Names - substances - contemporary history. Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-446-20841-4 .
  • Bettina Plett (Ed.): Theodor Fontane. In: New ways of research. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2007, ISBN 978-3-534-18647-1 .
  • Gabriele Radecke (Ed.): The Decadence is here . Theodor Fontane and the literature of the turn of the century. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-8260-2300-5 .
  • Wolfgang Rasch, Christine Hehle (ed.): "Don't be alarmed, it's me". Memories of Theodor Fontane. Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-351-02962-4 .
  • Robert Rauh : Fontane's women. Five places - five fates - five stories. be.bra verlag Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86124-716-6 .
  • Hans-Heinrich Reuter : Fontane . 2 volumes. Verlag der Nation, Berlin 1968, ISBN 3-373-00492-6 .
  • Günther Rüther: Theodor Fontane: Enlightenment - Critic - Writer. Weimar publishing company in the publishing house Römerweg GmbH, Wiesbaden 2019, ISBN 978-3-7374-0274-3 .
  • Dieter Richter : Fontane in Italy . Verlag Klaus Wagenbach, Berlin 2019.
  • Kurt Schreinert:  Fontane, Theodor. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , pp. 289-293 ( digitized version ).
  • Bernd W. Seiler: Fontanes Berlin. The capital in his novels. Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-942476-00-3 .
  • Itta Shedletzky, Christine Hehle, Ingolf Schwan: Theodor Fontane and Wilhelm Wolfsohn - an intercultural relationship. Letters, documents, reflections = series of scientific papers by the Leo Baeck Institute 71. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2006, ISBN 3-16-148720-6 .
  • Oliver Sill: Theodor Fontane - reread. Timeliness and historicity of a classic. (Fontane Studies I). Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2018. ISBN 978-3-8498-1286-7 .
  • Elsbeth Vahlefeld : Theodor Fontane in Pomerania and in the eastern provinces of Prussia . Thomas Helms, Schwerin 2008, ISBN 978-3-935749-72-5 .
  • Christine von Brühl : That is precisely why I love them. Fontane's women . Construction Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-3510-3730-7 .
  • Hanna Delf von Wolhaben, Hubertus Fischer (ed.): Religion as a relic? Christian Traditions in Fontane's Work = International Symposium organized by Theodor Fontane Archive and Theodor Fontane Society eV for the 70th anniversary of the Theodor Fontane Archive Potsdam, September 21-25, 2005 = Fontane a na, Volume 5. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2006. ISBN 3-8260-3545-3
  • Hanna Delf von Wolhaben, Helmuth Nürnberger (ed.): Theodor Fontane. At the end of the century. Boarding school Symposium of the Theodor Fontane Archive on the 100th anniversary of Theodor Fontane's death. 13-17 September 1998 in Potsdam . Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2000.
Life chronicle
bibliography
  • Wolfgang Rasch: Theodor Fontane Bibliography. Work and research. 3 volumes. In connection with the Humboldt University and the Theodor Fontane Archive Potsdam, edited by Ernst Osterkamp and Hanna Delf von Wolzüge. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2006, ISBN 3-11-018456-7 ( abstract of contents ).
Periodicals
  • Fontane leaves . Half-yearly publication, founded in 1965. On behalf of the Theodor Fontane Archive and the Theodor Fontane Gesellschaft eV ed. [Ed. changing since 1965] ISSN  0015-6175

Web links

Commons : Theodor Fontane  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Theodor Fontane  - Sources and full texts
Wikiquote: Theodor Fontane  - Quotes
Works
Biographical

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. Theodor Fontane: Meine Kinderjahre. an autobiographical novel from 1892.
  2. ↑ The Fontane birthplace: Listed lion pharmacy in Neuruppin
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Jürries (Ed.): Wendland-Lexikon, Volume 1 LK, Köhring Verlag, Lüchow 2000, p. 136.
  4. ↑ Sandra Krämer: “I don't want to be a poisoner”. Theodor Fontane on his 190th birthday. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung , No. 51, p. 76, December 17, 2009. ( online )
  5. ↑ Horst Riedel: Stadtlexikon Leipzig from A - Z . PRO LEIPZIG, Leipzig 2005, ISBN 3-936508-03-8 , p. 155.
  6. ↑ The newspaper was actually called Neue Preußische Zeitung . Reason for the name given above: On the title page between the Prussian newspaper and the newspaper there was an iron cross with the inscription “Forward with God for King and Fatherland”. Ill. Of a title page: Berbig: Th. F. in literary life (see secondary literature), p. 61.
  7. ↑ Wolf Nitschke: Theodor Fontane - a Prussian author? In: Hans-Christof Kraus, Frank-Lothar Kroll (ed.): Literature in Prussia - Prussian literature? Research on Brandenburg and Prussian History, New Series, Supplement 13/3: Prussia in His Artistic Forms of Expression, Volume 3. Berlin 2016, pp. 81–110, esp. Pp. 89–95.
  8. ^ Christian Grawe: Fontane Chronicle. Stuttgart 1998, p. 74.
  9. ^ Roland Berbig: Theodor Fontane Chronicle . Volume 1, p. 466.
  10. ↑ Edgar Bauer 20th at Cosmo Brǽstrup October 1859. In: Edgar Bauer. Confidential reports on European emigration in London 1852–1861. Trier 1989 ( writings from Karl-Marx-Haus 38), ISBN 3-926132-06-X , p. 528 f.
  11. ^ Edgar Bauer: Report XXII . September 20, 1857. In: Edgar Bauer. Confidential reports on European emigration in London 1852–1861. P. 271.
  12. ↑ There is no testamentary provision or a donation agreement; Nevertheless, Emilie Fontane had obviously "temporarily thought of [...] putting the documents in question in the temporary safekeeping of the Märkisches Museum", as she put it to her daughter Martha and confirmed again in a conversation with Paul Schlenther. (Bettina Machner: Potsdamer Straße 134c. The literary estate. In: Fontane and his century. Ed. By the Stiftung Stadtmuseum Berlin. Berlin 1998, pp. 251–260, here p. 254. Machner quotes Martha Fritsch-Fontane from the original letters Paul Schlenther, March 2, 1902, and Paul Schlenthers to Martha Fritsch-Fontane, March 4, 1902.)
  13. ^ Jörg Kuhn: Memorial room in the Märkisches Museum. In: Reiner Güntzer (Ed.): Yearbook 1996 City Museum Berlin Foundation (Vol. II). Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-7861-2255-5 , pp. 196-225, on Fontane-Zimmer pp. 198-204.
  14. ^ Information from the Stadtmuseum Berlin on the Fontane holdings in the collection on literary history
  15. ^ Information from the Fontane archive
  16. ^ Proof of Theodor Fontane's estate in the Berlin State Library, Prussian Cultural Heritage,
  17. ^ Fontane estate in the German Literature Archive in Marbach; no direct display possible, Fontane must first be entered under "Person".
  18. ↑ cf. the online inventory of German poet manuscripts of German realism ( memento of July 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) and the compilation on the website of the Theodor Fontane work center
  19. ↑ The Fontane bundle is "still unedited and therefore not accessible", information from the Monacensia Munich
  20. ↑ Michael Fleischer: “Come on, Cohn.” Fontane and the Jewish question. Michael Fleischer Verlag Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-00-002553-7 . - See also the review of the volume by Hans Otto Horch in Fontane Blätter. Potsdam. No. 67, 1999, pp. 135-141.
  21. ↑ Wolfgang Benz: Anti-Semitism as a current trend. In: Hanna Delf von Wolzüge, Helmuth Nürnberger (Ed.): Theodor Fontane. At the end of the century. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2000, ISBN 3-8260-1794-3 (further cited here as “Delf von Wolzüge”), pp. 157–168, here p. 159.
  22. ↑ Hans Otto Horch: Theodor Fontane, the Jews and anti-Semitism. In, pp. 281-305, here p. 284.
  23. ^ Horch in Delf von Wolzüge, p. 193.
  24. ↑ Wolfgang Benz in Delf von Wolzüge, p. 167.
  25. ^ Henry HH Remak: Fontane and the Jewish cultural influence in Germany: Symbiosis and contrabiosis. In: Delf von Wolzüge, pp. 184–195, here p. 188, there also the reference to the unfinished writings p. 189.
  26. ↑ Information about the continuing edition of the Great Brandenburg Edition
  27. ^ Fontane Editions Portal
  28. ^ "Awards of the Fontane plaque since 1911" , on geschichte-brandenburg.de
  29. ↑ Postage stamps
  30. ^ Theodor - history (s) from the mark. In: rbb , accessed on July 26, 2017.
  31. ↑ Theodor. In: fernsehserien.de , accessed on July 26, 2017.
  32. ↑ In memory of Theodor Fontane. In: Preußische Allgemeine Zeitung of October 30, 2010, p. 9.
  33. ↑ The Stechlin. Novel . Critical edition. edition Text 1 on behalf of the Institut für Textkritik eV ed. by Peter Stangle in collaboration with Roland Reuss. Stroemfeld Verlag Roter Stern, Frankfurt am Main and Basel 1998.
  34. ↑ http://internetloge.de/arst/afghan.htm text
  35. ^ Digital edition of Fontane's notebooks
  36. ^ Theodor Fontane's job
  37. ↑ Advance notice in the Hamburger Abendblatt from May 2, 1984: http://www.abendblatt.de/archiv/article.php?xmlurl=http://archiv.abendblatt.de/ha/1984/xml/19840502xml/habxml840406_3524.xml&pdfurl = http: //archiv.abendblatt.de/ha/1984/pdf/19840502.pdf/ASV_HAB_19840502_HA_016.pdf ( Memento from August 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; archive version)
  38. ↑ www.fontanearchiv.de
  39. ↑ Further information about the Theodor Fontane job
  40. ^ Fontane Festival Neuruppin
  41. ↑ Oderbruch: Rooms | F. - Wanderings of the Century. Retrieved July 13, 2020 .
  42. ↑ See the website of the Theodor Fontane Society ( Memento from July 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Fontane, Theodor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fontane, Henri Theodore
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer and pharmacist
DATE OF BIRTH December 30, 1819
PLACE OF BIRTH Neuruppin
DATE OF DEATH September 20, 1898
Place of death Berlin