Kaiser Franz Garde Grenadier Regiment No. 2

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Kaiser Franz Garde Grenadier Regiment No. 2

Lineup October 14, 1814
Country Prussia
Armed forces Prussian Army
Branch of service infantry
Location Berlin
Tradition I. Pomeranian Grenadier Battalion,
II. West Prussian Grenadier Battalion,
III. Silesian Grenadier Battalion
march Austrian Grenadier March

The Kaiser Franz Guard Grenadier Regiment No. 2 was an association of the Prussian Army , which had received the rank of Guard on February 18, 1820.

prehistory

The old Prussian army was destroyed by Napoleon in the Fourth Coalition War . The defeat led to an army reform in the years 1808 to 1814. The previous regiments were dissolved and new structures were created, such as the Guard Grenadier Regiment No. 2. In between, however, other combat units existed for a short time, which again provided the basis for the newly established regiments formed.

Pomeranian Grenadier Battalion The Pomeranian Grenadier Battalion was formed on September 14, 1808 from the grenadiers of regiments No. 8, 31, 42, 46 and the "Marwitz" Freikorps. The free corps " Marwitz " was established on December 27, 1806 and dissolved on September 28, 1808. 123 men were transferred to the Pomeranian Grenadier Battalion.

In the Wars of Liberation in 1813 it fought near Vehlitz , where a cannon was captured. Then at Dennewitz , where four officers and 151 men fell and one cannon was captured, and at Leipzig , where seven cannons were captured. In 1814 it fought in Holland near Hoogstraaten. In total, it lost 77 dead and 283 wounded.

The battalion received six Iron Crosses 1st Class and 46 Crosses 2nd Class.

West Prussian Grenadier Battalion The battalion was established on September 14, 1808 from the grenadiers of Regiments No. 52 and No. 58.

In the Wars of Liberation in 1813 it fought in the Klüx Brigade in Bautzen , in Bischofswerda, near Möckern and in 1814 near Montmirail and Chateau-Thierry . It lost 109 men and 462 wounded.

The battalion received three iron crosses 1st class and 52 crosses 2nd class.

Silesian Grenadier Battalion The battalion was set up on June 10, 1807 in Glatz as grenadier battalion "von Losthin" from the 4th and 5th battalions of the infantry regiments "von Alvensleben" and the 3rd and 4th battalions of the infantry regiments "von Gravert". On September 14, 1808, it was renamed the Silesian Grenadier Battalion .

In the Wars of Liberation in 1813 it fought in the Zieten Brigade in the battles near Möckern , Großgörschen , Bautzen , on the Katzbach and took part in the transition near Wartenburg . In 1814 it fought at Montmirail and Paris . The regiment suffered 112 dead and 477 wounded.

The battalion received four iron crosses 1st class and 53 crosses 2nd class.

history

The regiment was formed on October 14, 1814 (Foundation Day) in Berlin from the following battalions :

  • I. Pomeranian Grenadier Battalion
  • II. West Prussian Grenadier Battalion
  • III. Silesian Grenadier Battalion

When it was built, it was named Emperor Franz Grenadier Regiment . After the Austrian Emperor Franz I. by King Friedrich Wilhelm III. for on December 25, 1814 regimental commander had been appointed, the association introduced the name Emperor Franz Grenadier Regiment . After the regiment had received the guard rank on February 18, 1820, the name was changed to Kaiser Franz Guard Grenadier Regiment . On July 14, 1860, it was finally renamed Kaiser Franz Garde Grenadier Regiment No. 2 .

In 1820, the regiment was a garrison - Company allocated the Grenadier garrison battalion. In 1837 it was handed over to the Combined Guard Reserve Battalion as the 4th Company. In 1859 there were some officers and men to form the 4th Guards Landwehr Stamm Regiment (later 4th Guards Grenadier Regiment Queen).

deployment

Barracks of the 1st Battalion of the Kaiser Franz Grenadier Regiment in Berlin, Kommandantenstrasse 77–79, steel engraving by Robert Reyher from 1854
Barracks of the 2nd Battalion of the Kaiser Franz Grenadier Regiment in Berlin, Neue Friedrichstrasse 5-8, steel engraving by Robert Reyher from 1854

Around 1815 the 1st Battalion of the Kaiser Franz Regiment was housed in the barracks on Kommandantenstrasse, which was built under Friedrich II from 1752 to 1753. The 2nd battalion moved into the barracks built in the second half of the 18th century on Neue Friedrichstrasse (today Littenstrasse). After a new barracks had been built at Blücherstraße 47 according to plans by Ferdinand Fleischinger from 1863 to 1866 , these locations were given up and the Kaiser Franz Garde Grenadier Regiment moved there in 1866. Except for a casino building that was built later, the barracks were completely demolished. The parade house at Kaiser-Franz-Grenadier-Platz (today Heinrich-Heine-Platz), which was probably built according to designs by Karl Hampel and his colleague Ferdinand Fleischinger, was used by the regiment for exercises in bad weather.

Calls

In 1815 it took part in the March to France.

During the revolution of 1848 the regiment took part in the street fighting in Berlin. The regimental commander Colonel Bequinolles received the order Pour le Mérite for this .

During the German-Danish War it was in combat in Schleswig.

German war

In the German War of 1866 it was part of the II Army. During the battle at Thrush, the 2nd Battalion under Lieutenant Colonel Gaudy stood alone against the Grivicic Brigade (7 battalions) for over an hour. 10 officers and 200 men were killed. In the battle of Königgrätz it took part in the assault on Lipa. Major Böhm received the order Pour le Mérite there.

Franco-German War

In the war against France , the regiment fought in the battles at Gravelotte and Sedan in 1870/71 . From September 19, 1870 to January 28, 1871, it took part in the siege of Paris . This led to the battle of Le Bourget :

  • October 28, 1870 Le Bourget, 2nd Battalion
  • October 30, 1870 Le Bourget, 2nd Battalion and Fusiliers
  • December 21, 1870 Le Bourget, 2nd Battalion and Fusiliers
  • 0January 5, 1871 Bondy, 5th and 7th companies
  • January 21, 1871 Le Bourget, 2nd Battalion.

First World War

The following important information is missing from this article or section:
Is completely missing!
Help Wikipedia by researching and pasting it .

Whereabouts

After the end of the war , the remnants of the regiment returned home. Gliwice was reached on November 24, 1918 and from there it went on to the Neuhammer military training area . This was where demobilization took place from December 4 to 12, 1918 . A volunteer battalion with two companies, a machine gun company and an MW platoon was formed from parts in mid-December. This formation was used in border protection. In March 1919, a border guard battalion was also set up using the former 4th to 6th Company and the 2nd MG Company.

The tradition in the Reichswehr was taken over by the 12th Company of the 8th (Prussian) Infantry Regiment in Görlitz on August 24, 1921 . In the Wehrmacht , the regimental staff, the III. Battalion and the 13th and 14th companies of the 29th Infantry Regiment continued the tradition.

Heads of regiments

On March 11, 1835, the cabinet order was issued that the regiment should always bear the name of its first chief.

Rank Surname date
Franz I, Emperor of Austria December 25, 1814 to March 2, 1835
Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria January 11, 1849 to November 21, 1916
Charles I Emperor of Austria November 28, 1916 until dissolution

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Ernst von Klüx October 14, 1814 to February 5, 1818
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Konstantin von Witzleben August 27, 1818 to March 29, 1836
Colonel Johann von Hochstetter March 30 to October 16, 1836 (in charge of the tour)
Colonel Johann von Hochstetter October 17, 1836 to February 8, 1840
Lieutenant colonel Ferdinand von Hirschfeld March 30 to September 9, 1840 (entrusted with the tour)
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Ferdinand von Hirschfeld September 10, 1840 to March 30, 1846
Lieutenant colonel Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld March 31, 1846 to March 26, 1847 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant colonel Eduard d'Artois of Bequignolles March 27 to September 22, 1847 (in charge of the tour)
Colonel Eduard d'Artois of Bequignolles September 23, 1847 to October 2, 1850
Colonel Eduard von Schlichting 0October 3, 1850 to April 14, 1852
Colonel Wolf Benno von Schlegel April 15, 1852 to April 26, 1854
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Hermann von Walther and Croneck April 27, 1854 to January 6, 1858
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Hermann von Plessen 0January 7, 1858 to August 22, 1860
Colonel Adolf von Rosenberg-Gruszczynski August 23, 1860 to January 8, 1864
Colonel Gustav von Fabeck 0January 9, 1864 to October 29, 1866
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Viktor von Roeder October 30, 1866 to May 17, 1867 (in charge of the tour)
Colonel Alexander of Medem May 18, 1867 to July 15, 1870
Lieutenant colonel Barnim von Zeuner July 16-17, 1870
Lieutenant colonel Octavio Philipp von Boehn July 18 to December 10, 1870 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant colonel Oskar Bogun von Wangenheim December 11, 1870 to June 16, 1871 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Oskar Bogun von Wangenheim June 17, 1871 to October 27, 1875
Lieutenant colonel Gustav von Arnim October 28, 1875 to September 19, 1876 (in charge of the tour)
Colonel Gustav von Arnim September 20, 1876 to November 15, 1882
Colonel Karl von Hackewitz November 16, 1882 to August 2, 1887
Colonel Bernhard of Saxe-Meiningen 0September 1, 1887 to March 31, 1889
Colonel Viktor von Mikusch-Buchberg 0April 1, 1889 to September 19, 1890
Lieutenant colonel Karl von Unruh September 20 to November 17, 1890 (in charge of the tour)
Colonel Karl von Unruh November 18, 1890 to May 13, 1894
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Hippolyt von Buddenbrock-Hettersdorf May 14, 1894 to November 1, 1897
Colonel Maximilian von Schwartzkoppen 0November 2, 1897 to January 26, 1900
Colonel Reimar von Raven January 27, 1900 to April 17, 1903
Colonel Ferdinand von Quast April 18, 1903 to May 20, 1907
Colonel Burkhard von Esebeck May 21, 1907 to March 19, 1911
Colonel Joseph Raitz from Frentz March 20, 1911 to March 21, 1914
Colonel Dietrich von Roeder March 22, 1914 to February 22, 1915
Colonel Kurt von Lyncker February 23 to July 3, 1915
Colonel Friedrich von Krosigk 0July 4, 1915 to December 12, 1917
Lieutenant colonel Martin Otto December 13, 1917 to September 10, 1919

Badges on the uniform

The uniform had ponceau-red armpit flaps, on the flaps there was a yellow cord with the name of Emperor Franz I of Austria, above the Austrian imperial crown. The cuffs and braids were like the other gardens.

music

Since October 1, 1815, the regiment has been fighting the Austrian Grenadier March when presenting.

literature

  • Georg Alt: The Royal Prussian Standing Army. Part 1, Berlin 1869, pp. 65-69.
  • Carl von Gorszkowsky: The Kaiser Franz Grenadier Regiment for the Illustrated Tribe, Rank and Quarters List of the Royal Prussian Army. Berlin 1854 ( digitized )
  • Erich von Puttkamer: History of the Kaiser Franz Garde Grenadier Regiment. 2nd edition, Berlin 1874 ( digitized version )
  • von Rieben: Kaiser Franz-Garde-Grenadier-Regiment No. 2 (=  souvenir sheets of German regiments. Troops of the former Prussian contingent . Volume 279 ). Stalling, Oldenburg iO / Berlin 1929 ( digitized version of the Württemberg State Library ).
  • Louis Schneider : The Kaiser Franz Grenadier Regiment, with lists of tribe, rank and quarters. Berlin 1854 ( digitized )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gernot Ernst, Ute Laur-Ernst: The city of Berlin in printmaking 1570-1870, vol. 2 . 1st edition. Lukas-Verlag, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-86732-055-9 , pp. 257 .
  2. ↑ Entry in the Berlin state monument list barracks of the 3rd Guards Regiment on foot, note (2). Retrieved July 22, 2020
  3. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List Exerzierhaus Kaiser-Franz-Grenadier-Guard-Regiment No. 2. Accessed on July 22, 2020
  4. ^ Jürgen Kraus: Handbook of the associations and troops of the German army 1914-1918. Part VI: Infantry. Volume 1: Infantry Regiments. Verlag Militaria, Vienna 2007, ISBN 978-3-902526-14-4 , p. 29.
  5. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 2: The occupation of active infantry regiments as well as jäger and machine gun battalions, military district commands and training managers from the foundation or list until 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1992, ISBN 3-7648-1782-8 , p. 18.
  6. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 2: The staffing of the active infantry regiments as well as Jäger and MG battalions, military district commands and training managers from the foundation or list until 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1992, ISBN 3-7648-1782-8 , pp. 19-20 .