2nd Guard Uhlan Regiment

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Colors of the uniform of the 2nd Guard Uhlan Regiment
Memorial in Berlin-Moabit , Claire-Waldoff-Promenade

The 2nd Guard Lancers was a cavalry joined the Prussian army .

Organization and association membership 1914

Commanding General : General of the Infantry Karl von Plettenberg
Commander : Lieutenant General Manfred von Richthofen
Commander: Colonel Carl Otto von Senden
  • Foundation Day: February 27, 1819
  • Garrison : Berlin

history

By order of King Friedrich Wilhelm III. The Posensche Guard Landwehr Squadron was set up in the Grand Duchy of Poznan in 1817 . The war minister Hermann von Boyen's decree was issued on February 10, 1817. With the Highest Cabinet Order (AKO) of April 17, the squadron was alternately assigned the Berlin and Posen garrisons . It was installed in Posen. The Litthauische Guard Landwehr Squadron , set up on June 7, 1818, and the Thuringian and Clevish Guard Landwehr Squadron set up on November 18, were combined with the Posen Squadron to form the Guard Landwehr Cavalry Regiment in 1819 . The first regimental commander was Major Wilhelm von Trotha. The regiment was transferred to Potsdam in 1819 . By AKO on August 3, 1821, it was increased by four more squadrons and divided into the 1st and 2nd Guard Landwehr Cavalry Regiment. On March 30, 1826, the 2nd regiment received the designation 2nd Garde-Ulanen (Landwehr) Regiment . On October 2, 1851, the now final designation of the 2nd Guard Uhlan Regiment was determined by AKO . Berlin and Charlottenburg were the locations until the war in 1870/71 , after which the unit moved to the newly built barracks in Berlin-Moabit .

In 1913, the regiment's foundation day, which was fixed on August 3, 1821 in June 1871, was redefined as February 27, 1819.

Berlin barricade fighting

In 1848 the Uhlans were used during the Berlin barricade fighting.

German war

The regiment experienced first acts of war in the German War of 1866, when it was deployed in Silesia and Bohemia, without, however, having been involved in major battles.

Franco-German War

In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71, the Uhlans initially operated in Lorraine with a subsequent advance through the Ardennes on Paris , where they were assigned to the siege troops. At the beginning of 1871 the regiment was transferred to northern France and used in the area of St. Quentin and Amiens . The regiment suffered little losses in this war: twelve wounded and twenty sick.

First World War

After the mobilization , the regiment marched into neutral Belgium as part of the 2nd Guard Division . It moved struggling to Marne before and was prepared by the general retreat first at Reims , both in trench warfare also used in the alarm and emergency service as well. At the end of September 1914 the regiment was split up. Staff, 3rd and 4th squadrons (2nd half regiment) switched to the 2nd Cavalry Division and thus left the Guard Corps. The 1st and 2nd squadrons (1st half regiment) remained as division cavalry with the 2nd Guard Division. This separation lasted until the end of the war.

1st Half Regiment : It remained in both patrol and rifle operations on the western front until the end of November . On November 20, 1914, it moved to the Eastern Front to Russian Poland and was used there in trench warfare. When there was movement in the front in August 1915, the Uhlans advanced on Vilna to be used again as cavalry riflemen. At the end of October 1915 the half-regiment moved to Courland and was involved in the capture of Riga in 1917 . In November 1917 the unit moved back to the west, where the 3rd Squadron with the 202nd Division and the 4th Squadron with the 1st Reserve Division were used as division cavalry until the end of the war.

2nd Half-Regiment : It initially remained on the western front, where it was assigned to the Leib-Garde-Hussar Regiment and the Dragoon Regiment No. 6. It moved to Galicia in April 1915 , but returned to the west soon after. In 1917 there was another brief deployment on the Eastern Front (fighting in front of Vilna), after which it returned to the West, where it was deployed as divisional cavalry until the end of the war.

Whereabouts

At the end of December 1918 the squadrons returned to Berlin, where the regiment was first demobilized and then disbanded in 1919.

The tradition was taken over in the Reichswehr by the 4th Squadron of the 4th (Prussian) Cavalry Regiment in Perleberg .

Regiment chief

The first head of the regiment became King Albert of Saxony on October 22nd, 1893 . After his death this position remained vacant until Emperor Wilhelm II. On September 1, 1911, the Saxon King Friedrich August III. appointed the new head of the regiment.

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Wilhelm von Trotha April 14, 1819 to November 27, 1821
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Karl von Cosel November 29, 1821 to March 29, 1829
Colonel August von Hedemann March 30, 1829 to March 29, 1832
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Friedrich Wilhelm von Dunker March 30, 1832 to March 29, 1840
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Heinrich von Ostau March 30, 1840 to October 17, 1845
Colonel Karl von Borcke October 18, 1845 to December 6, 1846
Lieutenant colonel Friedrich zu Solms-Rödelheim 07 December 1846 to 22 September 1847 (entrusted with the tour)
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Friedrich zu Solms-Rödelheim September 23, 1847 to September 21, 1851
Colonel Philip of Croy September 22, 1851 to January 30, 1853
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Karl von der Goltz January 31, 1853 to April 3, 1857
Colonel Emil zu Dohna-Schlodien 0April 4, 1857 to May 11, 1860
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Wilhelm of Brandenburg May 12, 1860 to September 16, 1866
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Heinrich of Hessen and by the Rhine September 17, 1866 to June 23, 1871
Lieutenant colonel Hermann Albert to Lynar June 24th to November 10th, 1871
Colonel Wichard von Rochow November 11, 1871 to April 15, 1874
Lieutenant colonel Karl von Alten April 16 to October 26, 1874 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant colonel Karl von Alten October 27, 1874 to June 14, 1875
Colonel Louis von Hesberg June 15, 1875 to March 2, 1880
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Alfred von Scholten 0March 3, 1880 to February 10, 1886
Colonel Arthur von Frankenberg-Proschlitz February 11, 1886 to June 18, 1886
major Karl von Stünzner June 19 to October 22, 1886 (substitute)
Colonel Arthur von Frankenberg-Proschlitz October 23, 1886 to March 7, 1887
Colonel Karl von Wedel 0March 8, 1887 to April 16, 1888
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Robert von Massow April 17, 1888 to April 15, 1889
major Karl Botho zu Eulenburg April 16 to June 26, 1889 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Karl Botha zu Eulenburg June 27, 1889 to August 17, 1893
Colonel Karl von Langermann and Erlencamp August 19, 1893 to June 14, 1898
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Georg von Stangen June 15, 1898 to September 30, 1903
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Otto von Garnier 0October 1, 1903 to September 12, 1906
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Karl-Ulrich von Bülow September 13, 1906 to March 31, 1912
Colonel Leopold von Maltzahn 0April 2, 1912 to August 12, 1916
Lieutenant colonel Arnold of Maldeghem August 13, 1916 until dissolution

uniform

The Uhlans wore the typical uniform with the double row of buttons on the tunic called ulanka . This was equipped with so-called Polish lapels and yellow braids. For the parade, a parade discount was buttoned on the front. The color of the badge was ponceau red and was worn on the cuffs, collar, shoulder pieces , passepoils , cap tape, Tschapkarabatte, parade discounts and passers-by. The fittings and buttons were yellow. At the front of the Tschapka bell was the guard eagle with the guard star on top. A white horsehair bush was also worn.

Already ordered by AKO on February 14, 1907 and gradually introduced from 1909/1910, the colorful uniform was replaced for the first time by the field-gray field service uniform (M 1910) on the occasion of the imperial maneuver in 1913. The leather gear and the boots were natural brown, the Tschapka was covered by a reed-colored fabric cover. The bandolier and the cartridge were no longer applied to this uniform.

literature

  • Hugo FW Schulz: The Prussian Cavalry Regiments 1913/1914. Weltbild, Augsburg 1992, ISBN 3-89350-343-9 .
  • Max Hein: The Little Book of the German Army. Lipsius and Tischer, Kiel 1901.
  • Johann David von Dziengel: History of the Royal Second Uhlan Regiment: also containing: The history of the Towarczys from 1675; the history of the Bosniaks from 1745; of the Tartar group of 1795; the Towarczys of 1800, as the troops partly forming the tribe; with contributions to the biography of the well-known generals v. Ruesch, v. Lossow, Baron v. Günther and v. L'Estocq. Riegel, Potsdam 1858, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 1-34019 Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf .
  • Ludwig C. von Maldeghem: The Royal Prussian 2nd Guard Uhlan Regiment in the World War 1914–1918. (= Memorial sheets of German regiments . Units of the former Prussian contingent. Volume 335). Stalling, Oldenburg iO / Berlin 1930. Available online: digitized version of the Württemberg State Library .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kathrin Chod, Herbert Schwenk, Hainer Weisspflug: Barracks of the 2nd Guard Uhlan Regiment . In: Hans-Jürgen Mende , Kurt Wernicke (ed.): Berliner Bezirkslexikon, Mitte . Luisenstadt educational association . tape 1 : A-N . Haude and Spener / Edition Luisenstadt, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-89542-111-1 ( luise-berlin.de - as of October 7, 2009).
  2. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 3: The occupation of the active regiments, battalions and departments by the foundation or listing up to August 26, 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2413-1 , pp. 147-149.