Royal Bavarian 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "Emperor Nicholas of Russia"

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The kgl. Bay. 1. Chevaulegers Regiment "Emperor Nikolaus II. Of Russia" was a cavalry association of the Bavarian Army formed in 1682 as a regiment on horseback "Haraucourt" , which was disbanded in 1919. From 1856, the regiment's peacetime location was Nuremberg .

history

Lineup

Elector Max Emanuel set up the regiment on June 29, 1682 in Furth im Wald and Cham . It was built from the old companies of St. Bonifacio, Haraucourt, Perouse and Spinchal and the newly acquired companies "Rittmeister Franz Graf von Gabaleone " (Weilheim) and "Rittmeister Heinrich von Ponton" (Schrobenhausen). The first owner was the general of the cavalry Karl Marquis von Haraucourt and Falkenberg, Count von Dalem, Freiherr von Torquin, who gave the regiment its name with his first title of nobility ( regiment on horse "Haraucourt" ). The first colonel in command (the term "Kommandeur" was not used until 1872) was Lieutenant Colonel Ludwig Graf von St. Bonifacio. On July 14, 1683, Colonel Johann Baptist Graf von Arco was appointed owner of the regiment, which was immediately renamed the regiment on horseback "Graf Arco" . In the same year the regiment already had 600 riders.

War against the Turks 1683/88

The regiment was involved in the relief of Vienna on September 12, 1683 with a strength of 609 riders and 649 horses; it was divided into 8 companies. Details have not been passed down. On April 12, 1684, the regiment took on the free companies "Johann Karl Schwinghamer" and "Johann Wernhard Pilbiß von Sigenburg". In 1684 it was housed in 9 villages in Lower Bavaria and spent the winter in the Zipserland. In the battle near Gran on August 16, 1685, it fought successfully with 400 riders and captured 31 artillery pieces and many flags. In 1685 the regiment was stationed in Straubing and seven cities in the vicinity of Straubing. From June 21st to September 2nd, 1686 it was involved in the siege of Ofen , during which Rittmeister von Pilbiß and 20 horsemen were wounded. In the battle at Jász Berény on June 17, 1687 and at the bridge near Mohacz on June 20, 1687, the regiment was divided into 9 companies and had no losses. On August 12, 1687, the regiment rode an attack against Turkish forces on Mount Harsan, although no information about casualties was disclosed. In 1687 it was housed in Arva and Liptov and the surrounding area. On February 26, 1688, it took 53 men from the Bielke cavalry regiment.

It took part in the siege of Belgrade from August 9 to September 6, 1688 with three squadrons and a total of 600 horsemen. An ensign fell and an officer was wounded in the storming of the city. In 1688 the regiment was quartered in the Oberland (Bad Tölz and the surrounding area). In the same year Franz Marquis Taquenac de Spinchal was appointed Colonel Commander of the regiment.

Campaigns on the Rhine, in Italy and Flanders in 1689/98

In May 1689 the regiment was divided into 10 companies, the strength was 769 riders. In 1690 the regiment was in the Black Forest and the Swabian Alb , in 1691 it was spread over 34 cities and communities across the whole of Old Bavaria. At the end of June 1691 it moved to Italy with 2 dragoon regiments and 2 infantry regiments. From July 11, 1691 it was called the cuirassier regiment "Graf Arco" . Count of St. Bonifacio took over regiment again in 1691 and led it during the Battle of Carmagnola from September 22 to October 9, 1691. After the defeat, the cavalry returned to Bavaria.

In 1692 the regiment was in Flanders . Presumably the regiment was present at the battle near Steenkerque (August 3, 1692), but no details were known about this. On July 4, 1693, the regiment lost 7 dead, 8 wounded and 11 horses during the battle near Silenrieux - Bossu les Walcourt. In the Battle of Neerwind on July 29, 1693, the regiment suffered 4 fallen officers and another 203 horsemen as losses, the Commander-in-Chief Count of St. Bonifacio was captured along with 5 other officers and a cornet. The regiment was billeted in the Netherlands near Roermond and Venlo in 1693, and again in Lower Bavaria in 1694 . During the siege of Namur from July 2nd to August 27th 1695 a fallen captain was reported, no further losses were known.

War of the Spanish Succession 1701/14

From 8 companies to a total of 600 riders (1701), the regiment in 1702 grew to 12 companies with 780 riders and 859 horses. When Ulm was conquered on September 7, 1702, only 7 officers of the Arco regiment were involved. The general of the cavalry Johann Baptist Graf Arco was awarded the Habsburg-Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece in the same year . It spent the winter of 1702/1703 in Lower Bavaria. In the battle of Schärding-Eisenbirn on March 11, 1703 the regiment took part with minor losses and took part in the capture of 4 officers and 299 men of the imperial as well as in the capture of 13 standards, seven guns and 2,000 horses. In the battle near Schmidtmühlen-Emhof on March 27, 1703, the Bavarian regiments got away with a low toll in blood. In the skirmishes at Munderkingen (July 31, 1703) and at Höchstädt (September 20, 1703) two officers and one man were killed, two lieutenants and two men were wounded. In 1703 the regiment was spread across 16 towns and communities in Lower Bavaria. On January 11, 1704 it was involved in the conquest of Passau with 6 squadrons "Arco" and 6 squadrons "Weikel" .

In the battle of Höchstädt on August 13, 1704, it lost 5 officers and 26 horsemen. On September 16, 1704, it took 5 officers and 150 men of the Franconian district regiments into captivity and captured 2 standards and over 300 horses. From October 15 to 28, 1704 a squadron of the regiment was involved in the defense of Straubing. It did not suffer any losses. 1705 moved the regiment to Brussels and was stationed there closed. On November 6, 1705 it transferred 40 men to the "Prince Philip" carbine regiment, which was established on November 6, 1704.

During the battle at Heylissem-Wanghe on July 18, 1705, Colonel Ahasverus de Focani, of all people, was captured with a lieutenant and a cornet, and three lieutenants were killed. The rider Joseph Filser of the Arco-Cuirassiers succeeded in taking a lost standard of the carbine regiment from the enemy and bringing it back. 1706 Berthold Graf von Törring-Seefeld was appointed Colonel Commander. On May 23, 1706, the cavalry regiments deployed at Ramillies lost a total of over 150 men. In 1707, Felix Joseph August Ignaz Graf von Törring-Jettenbach was given command of the regiment that was simultaneously subjugated in Arlon (3rd company temporarily in Thionville ). On August 8, 1707, 50 Arco riders fought a forage battle near Nivelles . For the battle near Offenburg on September 24, 1707, one squadron each of the Arco and Weickel cuirassiers was subordinated to General Vivans, who led a cavalry unit with 13 squadrons. At the end of the fighting, the association had lost around 750 men, around 3000 horses, 3 timpani and 3 standards. Nothing was known about the regiment's losses.

In August 1708 it was used at Germersheim and Pleisweiler . In the summer of 1708 the regiment lost about 800 horses. In 1709 de Focani took command of the regiment. On October 27, 1710, the officers and men of the disbanded carbine regiment "Prince Philip" took it on. In 1711 the regiment was stationed in Alsace . From June 9th to August 22nd, 1713 the regiment was subordinate to the observation army near Landau in the Palatinate . In 1714 the regiment returned to Bavaria and went to its garrison towns of Landsberg , Friedberg , Rain and Weilheim , and in 1715 to Tölz and Wolfratshausen .

On April 15, 1715, Colonel Ignaz Graf von Törring was appointed owner of the regiment, which was also called the cuirassier regiment "Graf Törring" . In 1719 the regiment moved to the barracks in Landshut . In 1720 it was again distributed over several places in Lower Bavaria. On July 4, 1721, the regiment was divided into 9 companies of 30 men each. In 1725 the regiment was housed in the Landshut and Straubing rent offices. From 1735 it was stationed with staff garrison Neu-Ötting in the Innviertel. In 1739, Klemens Graf von Törring-Seefeld was appointed Colonel Commander. In the same year 150 riders with 248 horses were handed over to the cuirassier regiment "Graf Raymond" . In 1740 the regiment moved the staff garrison to Braunau am Inn , the other companies to Ried , Neuötting, Schärding , and in 1741 to Altheim and Burghausen .

War of the Austrian Succession 1741/45

When Passau was recaptured on July 31, 1741, the regiment took part with five squadrons without any losses of its own. In the battle near Neuhaus on November 12, 1741, three cuirassier regiments fought, losing a total of one officer and eleven men. One officer and 46 men were taken prisoner from the “Törring” regiment.

During the Battle of Mainburg on February 16, 1742, three officers from the regiment fell and two standards were lost. Together with the "Hohenzollern" regiment, it suffered losses of dead, wounded and fallen of 230 men and 140 horses. At Philippsburg two officers and 36 horsemen got into a skirmish with superior hussars who slaughtered eight men and five horses and took 21 men prisoner. On July 1, 1744, a lieutenant colonel with 22 cuirassiers was taken prisoner near Leimersheim - Schröck .

In March 1745 the regiment had a strength of 813 men and 773 horses. After the death of the aged Field Marshal Graf Törring (June 23, 1763), who was the owner of the regiment for more than 48 years, Major General Karl Graf von Minucci was appointed owner of the regiment on August 23, 1763, which from then on became the cuirassier regiment “Graf Minucci " was called. In 1765 the regiment was housed in Neustadt an der Donau and in the Hallertau . In the following years the station was alternately closed in Landshut, Munich , Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz and Wasserburg am Inn .

In 1769 the division into companies was abandoned and the division into squadrons was introduced. On August 29, 1778 Lieutenant General Friedrich Wilhelm Fürst von Ysenburg was appointed owner. The regiment was renamed late (May 1, 1785), initially to the “Graf Ysenburg” cavalry regiment , and from January 7, 1781 to the “Graf Ysenburg” cuirassier regiment . On September 28, 1789, Major General Ferdinand Graf von Minucci was appointed owner of the regiment, which from January 1, 1790 was called the 1st Cuirassier Regiment "Graf Minucci" . On February 22, 1795, the nine-year-old Lieutenant General Ludwig Karl August Pfalzgraf zu Zweibrücken was appointed owner. It was also called the 1st Cuirassier Regiment "Count Palatine Ludwig" .

Also in 1795, Peter Hermann, the first commoner, was appointed colonel commander of the regiment. After four years (on February 6, 1799), Count Ferdinand von Minucci, who had meanwhile been promoted to Lieutenant General, received his regiment again and returned to its previous name. In 1800 Count Vincenz Nutius von Minucci replaced his predecessor Hermann as Colonel Commander. The regiment was in Vohenstrauss at the time and moved to Munich in March 1800.

Coalition wars

Second coalition war 1800

In October 1800, the regiment posted 608 men and 642 horses, divided into 4 squadrons, to the "Duke Wilhelm" corps, which was marching against France. There is no information about the fighting or the casualties.

On April 16, 1803 the standards were abolished. It was decreed that in future the oath of allegiance was to be taken on the saber. On March 11, 1804, the regiment was renamed the 1st Dragoon Regiment "Graf Minucci" .

Third Coalition War 1805

For the war against Austria in 1805 4 field squadrons of 100 horses each were placed under the brigade of Major General Vincenz Nutius Graf von Minucci, 2 squadrons remained in Würzburg as replacements . The regiment was quartered in Innsbruck at the time . On September 29, 1805 Anton Freiherr von Vieregg was appointed Colonel Commander. In the battle near Parsdorf on October 12, 1805, the dragoons brought in 1000 prisoners during the pursuit and captured a large number of horses and the luggage of the Austrian troops.

The sub-lieutenant Hermann Graf von Hirschberg blew up 25 cuirassiers of the Austrian regiment "Mack" with his 5 men and captured the depot they were accompanying. During the affair, Corporal Jakob Wolf, who later became a subordinate, saved his life. For this, von Hirschberg was awarded the Military Medal of Honor and Wolf with the Gold Medal of Merit. During the storming of the Bodenbühl Pass on November 1, 1805, an avant-garde (vanguard) of 16 dragoons under Lieutenant Engelbert Hahn captured 2 cannons including the ammunition wagon including the covering with 5 losses of their own. For this he was awarded the Military Medal of Honor. After the campaign, the regiment returned to Munich.

In the army order of March 1, 1806 for the foundation of the Military Max Joseph Order , Colonel Anton Freiherr von Vieregg was appointed commander of this order. In 1806 the regiment took on the dragoon contingent (2 men) of the Prince of Öttingen-Wallerstein. At that time it was divided into 7 squadrons and had a combat strength of 20 officers and 949 men and 673 horses.

Fourth coalition war 1806/07

On October 18, 1806, the regiment began with 490 horses under the Brigade Major General Count Mezanelli. During the fighting near Brieg (January 8th to 16th, 1807) it fought in the cavalry battle in Grottkau on January 10th and captured 1 Prussian officer with 80 hussars and 100 horses. In April 1807 it was involved in the battles near Glatz , Ober-Eichau and Oberhannsdorf . During the battle of Schönwalde on May 2, 1807, there was a skirmish near Silberberg . In Kanth fell on May 14, 1807 Staff officer and a lieutenant was wounded. The next day the regiment stormed after the fleeing Prussian troops near Adelsbach . At the skirmish near Hermsdorf on May 21, 1807, a squadron brought 10 prisoners. At the end of May and June 1807 it took part in the battles near Peterwitz , Rothwaltersdorf , Olbersdorf and Oberhannsdorf; at Hassitz it led on June 23, 1807 a skirmish. The next day it was involved in the storming of the Glatz camp, where it captured 10 entrenchments and 34 guns.

On July 24, 1807 Lieutenant General Ferdinand Graf Minucci was released from his owner duties, so that the regiment was now referred to as the 1st Dragoon Regiment "vacant Minucci" . In 1808 the regiment was housed in Munich, Fürstenried , Nymphenburg and Schleissheim . In the same year, Lieutenant Engelbert Hahn and Lieutenant Hermann Graf von Hirschberg, who had already been awarded the Military Medal in 1805, received the Knight's Cross of the Military Max Joseph Order.

Fifth Coalition War 1809

During the war against Austria in 1809, the regiment of the cavalry brigade of Major General Friedrich Freiherr von Zandt / the 1st Division under Lieutenant General von Deroy was subordinate to. The baptism of fire at Zirl / Innsbruck on 11./12. April 1809 failed and a squadron leader and many dragoons were captured. After fighting at the Brixner Klause (April 16), 2 squadrons rode an attack near Arnhofen on April 19 . The following day, 2 squadrons with a total of 11 officers, 22 NCOs, 182 dragoons and 204 horses were deployed at the Rohr monastery .

On April 21, 1809, Brigadier Major General Freiherr von Zandt was killed in action near Landshut, the regiment brought in 47 prisoners and 40 vehicles as booty. It took part in the battles near Eggmühl (April 22nd) and Regensburg (April 23rd). On April 29, 1809, Karl Graf von Sayn-Wittgenstein took command of the regiment. At Golling (May 1) and Abtenau (May 5) it was involved with one squadron each, for the battle near Scharnitz it sent 1 squadron to the "Graf Arco" corps. After an outpost battle at Auhof and Katzbach (July 7th) and skirmishes on Wallersee (July 9th), during the fighting at Kochel and Spatzenhausen under Rittmeister August Graf von Lerchenfeld, 40 prisoners were taken and a cannon and 1 flag were captured. Of the 52 riders, only 8 were blessed (wounded) and 18 horses were eliminated. For this he was rewarded with the Knight's Cross of the Military Max Joseph Order .

In August 1809 the regiment had insignificant affairs with Mauls, Gossensaß and Schönberg. In October 1809 it was involved in the fighting at Oberalm / Hallein (October 3), at Jettenberg (October 17) and at Weißbach (October 18). In addition, in 1809 the Rittmeister Alois Freiherr von Vieregg was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Max Joseph Order.

The bulk of the regiment moved to Benediktbeuern at the turn of the year 1809/1810 , the squadron "Meurer" stayed at the headquarters in Innsbruck until June 1810 . In 1811 the regiment moved to Munich and Freising . On April 29, 1811 it was renamed the 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "vacant Minucci" .

Campaign against Russia in 1812

The regiment entered with 4 field squadrons with a strength of 20 officers, 440 men and 500 horses under the cavalry brigade Major General Graf von Seydewitz . By August 14, 1812 (Lady), 60 horses had failed. In the battle near Smolensk on August 16, 1 officer was wounded. For his brave and prudent behavior as a vanguard leader on a hill outside Smolensk, Lieutenant Jakob Wolf was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Max Joseph Order. When the regiment reached Shevardino on September 5, 1812, it had already suffered high losses due to illness and exhaustion.

In the battle of Borodino on September 6, 1812, 2 officers died of exhaustion, 3 officers died and 12 officers were wounded. Colonel Commander Colonel Count Wittgenstein fell on the battlefield. There were only two lieutenants left in the regiment. The remnants of the 1st and 2nd Chevaulegers Regiment were then combined into a squadron of 180 men. Baron Karl August von Zweybrücken , who was shot in the stomach during the battle, was appointed as the colonel . After the battle at Fun Kuplä on October 4, 1812, this squadron still had 80 horses, the next day the seriously wounded Colonel Commander Baron von Zweybrücken died. In Winkowo (October 18) the troop had already melted them down to 33 riders.

At the beginning of 1813 a Chevaulegers regiment was put together at Płock from the few survivors of that squadron and the replacement, which consisted of 9 officers, 334 riders and 355 horses. From there it was relocated via Posen , Meißen and Dresden to Bamberg , where it arrived by March 1813.

On March 6, 1813, after a five-month vacancy, Heinrich von Kracht was appointed a supreme commander. In Bamberg, the combined regiment "Colonel Count Seyssel d'Aix" was immediately set up, to which the regiment assigned a squadron of 4 officers and 120 riders. One of the officers was killed in the Battle of Bautzen on May 21, 1813. On May 26, 1813, the regiment captured a colonel and 6 other officers as well as 40 Cossacks and captured 50 horses. On the following days it was used for artillery cover near Luckau.

In June 1813 the 1st and 2nd Chevaulegers regiments were merged to form the cavalry brigade "Major General von Vieregg", with the regiment deploying 3 squadrons with a total of 375 horses. On August 16, 1813, the remnants of the Bavarian Chevaulegers forces were combined with those of the Westphalian Guards Chevaulegers and the Hessian Dragoon Regiment to form the cavalry brigade "Major General Wolf". In the battle near Dornwalde the next day, Colonel Graf Seyssel was taken prisoner with an officer and 40 horsemen, 86 horses were lost. After skirmishes at Targun (September 3rd to 4th) and Woltersdorf (September 5th) the cavalry brigade was completely dispersed and broke up in general escape. A squadron of 8 officers and 139 Chevaulegers with only 120 horses could be formed from the remains.

Wars of Liberation 1813/15

In the battle near Hanau on October 27th and 30th, 1813, one officer fell, 2 officers and 22 men were wounded, 10 men were missing. The regiment succeeded in capturing a general, 40 officers and 100 French and to capture a ship. After participating in the battle at Belfort (December 24, 1813), on December 28, 1813, half the 4th squadron captured 15 chasseurs and 9 horses at Lure without losing their own. After fighting at St. Martin (February 9, 1814) and Bar-sur-Aube (February 27, 1814), 15 French prisoners were brought in. After the regiment had lost 2 officers at La Fère-Champenoise (March 18, 1814), it passed the battle of Arcis-sur-Aube on March 20, 1814 without losses. In 1814, the Rittmeister Heinrich Christian von Schmaltz was also awarded the order Pour le Mérite .

On November 3, 1814, Emperor Franz I of Austria was appointed owner of the regiment, which was also renamed the 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "Emperor Franz I of Austria" . In 1815 the regiment was stationed in Saargemünd, Püttingen and Saaralben. On December 28, 1815, a reserve division of 2 squadrons was set up. In the Saargemünd area , 5 field squadrons with 732 horses were set up, which were used as occupation forces from October 4, 1815 to September 1818 in France ( Boulay , Bouzonville , Longeville , St. Avold and Faulquemont ).

Between the Congress of Vienna (1815) and the German War (1866)

After garrison in Blieskastel and Zweibrücken , the regiment was divided from 1822 to the locations Zweibrücken, Landau in der Pfalz and Speyer . On July 1, 1822, the regiment took 2 squadrons of the 3rd Chevaulegers Regiment, the reserve division was disbanded. From 1831 to 1849 the regiment was housed in Bayreuth , Nuremberg , Neumarkt and Amberg . From autumn 1831 the regiment was used as a cholera cordon for a period of about a year on the Bavarian-Saxon border.

On September 9, 1835, Crown Prince Maximilian of Bavaria was appointed owner of the regiment, which was initially called the 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "Crown Prince Maximilian" , and on October 28, 1835 it was renamed the Chevaulegers Regiment "Crown Prince Maximilian" . During the March riots in 1848, it turned off one and a half combined squadrons to crush revolutionaries in Küps and Oberlangenbach.

On March 31, 1848, Lieutenant General Eduard Prinz von Sachsen-Altenburg was appointed owner. On the same day, the regiment was named Chevaulegers Regiment "Prince Eduard von Sachsen-Altenburg" , which on April 26, 1848 was renamed the 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "Prince Eduard von Sachsen-Altenburg" . On May 26, 1848, the 7th Squadron was set up as a Depot Squadron; 40 horses and riders were handed over to the artillery regiment. In June 1849 the 1st to 4th squadrons were relocated to the Worms - Speyer - Ludwigshafen - Bergzabern area in order to disarm so-called insurgents there. The 5th and 6th squadrons were assigned to the observation corps in Franconia in July 1849 and to the Zweibrücken area in November 1849. The first four squadrons moved to the Aschaffenburg - Fulda area (Kurhessen) in October 1850 .

In 1850, the headquarters of the Speyer staff were in peace, the squadrons were in Zweibrücken, Landau and Germersheim. On November 20, 1850, the 5th and 6th Squadrons of the 1st and 2nd Chevaulegers Regiments formed the 7th Chevaulegers Regiment, which was disbanded in March 1851. After the death of the Prince of Saxony-Altenburg, the regiment was named 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "vacant Prince Eduard" from May 16, 1852 . With the new owner FZM Karl Theodor von Pappenheim was called from November 29, 1852 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "Karl Pappenheim" , after his death on August 26, 1853 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "vacant Karl Pappenheim" .

In 1855 the staff was still stationed in Speyer, the squadrons were moved to Kempten , Augsburg , Dillingen and Lauingen . A year later the staff moved into Nuremberg, the squadrons came to Neustadt an der Aisch and Ansbach , and in 1859 also to Schwabach . On July 20, 1857, Tsar Alexander II of Russia was appointed regiment owner, at the same time it was named 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "Emperor Alexander II of Russia" . After the 7th Squadron was dissolved (January 1, 1857), it was set up again on April 24, 1859 as part of the mobilization in the spring of 1859. The 1st to 4th squadrons lay ready to fight in Lagerlechfeld until the preliminary peace of Villafranca , the 5th / was deployed as a garrison in Ulm and the 6th / was the staff guard at the corps headquarters of the VII Federal Corps in Munich .

From August 24, 1862 to March 10, 1863 Ludwig Herzog was the regiment's colonel in Bavaria . In the same year the regiment was housed in Nuremberg and Neumarkt / Upper Palatinate. On December 21, 1863, the 7th Squadron was finally disbanded and the 5th and 6th Squadrons were transferred to the 2nd Uhlan Regiment . On May 29, 1864 Wilhelm Freiherr von Mulzer took command of the regiment. In May 1866, the 5th squadron was set up as a depot squadron and the 6th as a reserve squadron.

War against Prussia 1866

In the German War the regiment was not deployed as a unit. The 1st squadron was a staff guard at the headquarters of Field Marshal Prince Karl von Bayern , the 2nd / was on guard duty in Munich, the 3rd / was assigned to the Reserve Infantry Division and the 4th / was in the Landau fortress . Only 1. / took part in the battles near Kissingen (July 10), Helmstadt (July 25) and Üttingen (July 26); There were no reports of casualties or special fighting.

On August 21, 1866, the 5th / and 6th / were dissolved again, with the 5th squadron on May 11, 1867 being re-established as a field squadron. In 1868 the main body of the regiment was stationed in Nuremberg, 1 squadron in Neumarkt and 1 squadron in Dillingen. In 1869 another squadron was relocated to Schwabach. In 1870 the squadron in Dillingen returned to Nuremberg. On February 1, 1870, Karl von Grundherr zu Altenthan and Weyherhaus was appointed Colonel Commander.

Franco-German War 1870/71

The regiment was 25 officers, 551 riders and 586 horses and was subordinate to the 3rd Division . It was involved in the battle of Sedan on September 1, 1870 and in the battle at Petit Bicêtre on September 19, 1870. From September 20, 1870 to January 29, 1871 it was used in the siege ring around Paris .

The regiment had no casualties during the war; it lost 388 riders and 202 horses through injuries and illness. The Commander-in-Chief Colonel von Grundherr was awarded the Order of Military Merit, 1st Class, for his achievements. On August 2, 1871, the regiment returned to Nuremberg.

Between the establishment of an empire (1871) and the First World War (1914)

After the assassination of Tsar Alexander II on March 13, 1881, the regiment was renamed the 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "vacant Kaiser Alexander" . From 1882 the regiment had been in peace with Nuremberg. On May 6, 1882 King Ludwig II distinguished the regiment with a standard that was that of the 3rd Division of the 1st Cuirassier Regiment. On June 30, 1882 it was ceremoniously handed over by General of the Infantry Karl von Orff.

With the accession of Tsar Alexander III. followed his appointment as the owner of the regiment, which only from March 5, 1883 as the 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "Kaiser Alexander III. from Russia ” . September 1, 1884 was the first Chevaulegers Regiment "vacant Emperor Alexander III." . On November 1, 1894, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia was appointed the last owner of the regiment, which was renamed the 1st Chevaulegers Regiment "Emperor Nicholas II of Russia" on November 21, 1894 . On November 24, 1897, the regiment received a detachment " Hunters on Horseback ". On April 1, 1899, the detachment was renamed the squadron "Hunters on Horseback". In 1899 a squadron was relocated to Fürth. In 1900 the commander colonel Franz Buz à la suite provided the regiment and commander of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade appointed. On October 1, 1905, the squadron "Jäger auf Pferde" was incorporated as the 2nd squadron, on October 1, 1906 the 3rd as the 4th squadron of the newly established 7th Chevaulegers Regiment . In 1910, Philipp Ritter was appointed regiment commander by Mann Edler von Tiechler.

First World War

1914

On August 3, 1914, the regiment entered with a combat strength of 26 officers and 506 men, and with a catering strength of 35 officers, 614 men and 700 horses . Together with the 6th Chevaulegers Regiment , it was subordinate to the 5th Cavalry Brigade / Cavalry Division and was divided into 4 field squadrons and a replacement squadron (3rd /).

In August 1914, the 2nd Landsturm squadron of III. Army Corps of the 6th Army and the Nuremberg Cavalry Replacement Department set up. From October 5 to September 30, 1914, it was used as a border guard association at Langenberg, Frémerey, Arioncourt and Ogéviller. It lost 14 dead, 20 wounded and 2 missing, 10 men were taken prisoner. The first replacement of 41 men arrived on September 8, 1914. On November 13, 1914, further replacements of 38 men and 60 horses were taken.

1915

From October 9, 1914 to the end of March 1915, the regiment was used at Hazebrouck , Estaires, Neuf-Berquin, Warneton, Froyennes, America, Lezennes, Nouvelle France, Gheluvelt and as railway protection in the Tournai area. During this time it suffered losses of 14 men killed, 18 wounded men and from one missing person, one casualty and one prisoner each. As a replacement, the regiment received 52 men and 35 horses in January 1915, and on March 9 an officer, 65 men and 65 horses. In 1915 a machine gun platoon with 2 heavy machine guns was set up, which was increased to 4-5 machine guns. In addition, the regiment delivered 15 men to the cavalry- cyclist division. In the course of March 1915, the regiment put 240 Chevaulegers to the rifle regiment of the cavalry division . From March 22nd to 25th 1915 it had to endure heavy trench warfare.

On March 30, 1915, 29 officers, 703 men and 782 horses (combat strength: 19 officers and 547 Chevaulegers) were loaded and transferred to the Eastern Front. At first it was used for security on the Memel and Dubissa from April 26 to May 6, 1915. It lost 8 men. In the battle near Sredniki on May 7, 1915, 2 Chevaulegers were wounded and one man was captured. Then the regiment was deployed at Wileny-Borki (May 10th to 17th, 1915) and took on 82 Chevaulegers and 82 horses as replacements on May 20, 1915.

Until July 4, 1916, the regiment was used in Courland and Lithuania . During this time there were 57 dead and 69 wounded, 29 men were taken prisoner. The losses were made up by replacements on June 4th (124 men), of which 10 men were lost due to enemy artillery fire upon arrival, and August 27, 1915 (one officer, 80 Chevaulegers and 60 horses).

1916

Deployed in Volhynia ( Stochod , Toboly) from July 11, 1916 to July 10, 1917 . On August 12, 1916, Philipp Freiherr von Seefried auf Buttenheim was appointed commander of the regiment. In Volhynia the regiment suffered losses of 3 officers and 131 NCOs / men. The combat strength melted down to 30 August 1916 down to 300 men.

1917

In March 1917, the machine-gun squadron with 6 heavy machine guns and 4 officers, 100 NCOs and Chevaulegers and 120 horses was set up. From July 12 to November 12, 1917, the regiment was deployed in Galicia , where 3 Chevaulegers fell, 3 died of diseases and 9 men and 8 horses were wounded. Due to the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II - the owner of the regiment - in the course of the February Revolution in Russia in 1917 , the regiment was renamed " 1st Chevaulegers Regiment " on July 17, 1917 .

1918

Thereafter, the regiment was used from November 16, 1917 to March 23, 1918 in Romania , where a Chevaulegers had a fatal accident and two died of illness. During the deployment in Bessarabia , near Cherson and in the Crimea from March 25 to May 25, 1918, the regiment was subordinated to the 217th Infantry Division (losses: four men). From May 24th to December 10th 1918 it was stationed as an occupying force in the Ukraine , where it was mainly used to "fight gangs". An officer and two Chevaulegers who were captured were freed by a division of the regiment. Six men had died of illness.

Total losses during the First World War:

  • Fallen or wounded: two officers, 15 non-commissioned officers and 106 Chevaulegers;
  • Those who died of illnesses: one officer (1919) and 25 NCOs and men.

Whereabouts

After his return home, the regiment was demobilized and finally disbanded. The tradition took over in the Reichswehr the 2nd Squadron of the 17th (Bavarian) Reiter Regiment in Ansbach.

See also

literature

  • Baptist Schrettinger: The Royal Bavarian Military Max Joseph Order and its members. R. Oldenbourg. Munich 1882.
  • Günter Wegner: Germany's armies until 1918 . Origin and development of the individual formations. Volume 11: Bavaria. Cavalry, artillery, technical troops. Biblio Publishing House. Osnabrück 1984. ISBN 3-7648-1199-4 .