2nd Hanover Uhlan Regiment No. 14

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2nd Hanover Uhlan Regiment No. 14

active 1866 to 1919
Country Prussia
Branch of service cavalry
Type Uhlans
Location Verden (1873–1886)
St. Avold (1886–1914)
commander
Former Commanders See list

The second Hannoversche Lancers Regiment. 14 was a cavalry joined the Prussian army . The Uhlan regiment was established in Münster in 1866 and took part in the Franco-German War . After returning, the regiment was garrisoned in Verden (Aller) from 1873 to 1886 , and then in Lorraine until 1914 . After participating in World War I , the regiment was demobilized at the end of 1918 and dissolved in 1919.

history

Uhlan monument in Verden

Lineup and line of tradition

During the war minister Roon -driven army reform and proliferation in the wake of German unification wars and then the German Empire a number of cavalry regiments were reestablished. Between 1860 and 1866 the number of Prussian Uhlan regiments was doubled in two waves from 8 to 16, with AKO dated:

  • May 7, 1860: Uhlan regiments No. 9 , 10 , 11 and 12
  • September 27, 1866: Uhlan regiments No. 13 , 14, 15 and 16

After the German War of 1866, the defeated Kingdom of Hanover was annexed by Prussia. After the territorial enlargement new troops were in the newly acquired territories established, including the later (Hannoversches 1) No king Lancers. 13 and the subsequent second Hannoversches Lancers Regiment. 14 , the latter as the 14th Lancers on four squadrons . For this purpose, the existing Uhlan regiments No. 4 , 8 , 9 and 12 each gave up the fifth squadron. The garrison of staff and 1st to 3rd squadrons was Münster , the 4th squadron moved into quarters in Hamm .

In 1867, regiment No. 14 was increased by one squadron to five squadrons, which were set up in Warendorf . In the same year the regiment was renamed the 2nd Hannoversches Uhlan Regiment No. 14.

Franco-German War

When the war against France began in 1870 , the regiment was mobilized on July 17, 1870 and placed under the 3rd Cavalry Division. On August 10, 1870, the regiment crossed the border at Überherrn as the advance guard of the division . From August to October the regiment took over outpost and security services while Metz was being enclosed. This was followed by fighting against French irregulars in the Argonne , as well as participating in the battles of Hallue , Bapaume and Tertry Poeuilly .

After the armistice of January 18, 1871 and the pre-peace treaty of February 26, 1871, the regiment remained in France for more than two more years and served as part of the occupation army based in Lunéville, Lorraine . In the summer of 1873 the regiment returned to their Hanover homeland .

Garrison time in Verden and Lorraine

Holzmarkt barracks in Verden, today the German Horse Museum

In 1873 the regiment received a festive welcome in its new garrison in Verden and moved into the Holzmarkt barracks. The Holzmarkt barracks (also cavalry barracks) was built in 1829 and has been used by the Hanoverian cavalry regiment " Duke of Cumberland " since 1831 . After the transfer of the Uhlan Regiment No. 14, the 2nd Hanover Field Artillery Regiment No. 26 moved in here in 1887 . After the Second World War, the British Rhine Army used the building under the name Gibraltar Barracks, and in 1959 the German Armed Forces took over. The military use ended in 1987, today there is an event center, the German Horse Museum , the city hall and the city library.

Mountain barracks in St. Avold, contemporary postcard

In 1886 the regiment was relocated to Lorraine , which was annexed by the German Reich as a result of the division after the war of 1870/71 . There the regiment moved into a garrison in Saint-Avold , two squadrons in the modern mountain barracks and two squadrons in the less cheap Ketzerath barracks. The mountain barracks was used as a residential building after Lorraine returned to France and was later demolished. The local branch of the IUT de Moselle-Est University of Applied Sciences is located there today . The Ketzerath barracks were demolished in 1956 to make way for the Lycée Poncelet . The fifth squadron was stationed first in Falkenberg (today Faulquemont) and then from 1893 in Mörchingen (today Morhange).

With AKO of January 24, 1899, the regiment was given the line of tradition of the former Hanover Guard Cuirassier Regiment, the official foundation date was December 10, 1805.

First World War

Shortly before the outbreak of the First World War , the regiment was mobilized on July 29, 1914 and went to the border guard on July 31, 1914 on the left wing of the German army. At the beginning of the war the regiment fought in the 34th Infantry Division .

The regiment retained its cavalry status during the World War and, unlike many other mounted units, was not converted into a cavalry rifle regiment .

In the summer of 1916, the regiment's squadrons were individually subordinated to infantry divisions and performed security and reconnaissance tasks on the Eastern Front :

War dead of the regiment in the First World War

The regiment suffered losses in the First World War totaling 120 war dead, including 19 officers. Of the 120 war dead 85 were in the regiment itself fallen , the remaining 35 losses occurred in Abkommandierungen or in training for the replacement squadron on. Compared to German infantry regiments deployed at the front during World War I, these losses are moderate. On the other hand, the proportionate loss of officers, who were hardly to be found in the front line of the infantry, is high in comparison. In the Uhlan Regiment, however, many officer patrols were carried out for reconnaissance .

Dissolution and aftermath

In December 1918, the regiment's squadrons returned individually to Hanover, as the type of garrison in Lorraine should no longer belong to the German Reich. When crossing the Rhine during the home march, the soldiers on the left bank of the Rhine were released. In Hanover the remaining regiment was demobilized and disbanded.

The tradition took over in the Reichswehr by decree of the Chief of the Army Command, General of the Infantry Hans von Seeckt of August 24, 1921, the training squadron of the 13th (Prussian) cavalry regiment stationed in Hanover . In the Wehrmacht , the anti-tank department 19 continued the tradition.

In 1928 the Union of the former 14th Uhlans, Hanover donated a war memorial for the members of Uhlan Regiment No. 14, which was erected at Verden Cathedral . The bronze figure of the Uhlan was created by the sculptor Paul Wynand from Berlin. The memorial shows 120 names of those killed in the regiment. The monument was inaugurated on October 7, 1928.

Subordination and structure

Peace structure from 1890 until the outbreak of the First World War:

uniform

Color scheme of the uniform (1890), i.e. before the introduction of the field-gray field service uniform

The Ulanka called tunic was made of dark blue cloth. The badge color (cuffs, collar, parade discounts, Tschapkarabatte, epaulette fields and passers-by) was red, on the shoulders of the ulanka there were epaulettes with the regiment number 14. The boot pants were anthracite-colored. The buttons and fittings of the Tschapka were silver, the parade bush was white. Crews and NCOs wielded tubular steel lances with lance flags.

From 1899 on the Tschapka was affixed with the traditional decree under the silver heraldic eagle, the bandeau " Peninsula , Waterloo , García Hernández ", with which the battles of the forerunners of the Hanoverian Guard Cuirassier Regiment in the service of the English were remembered.

The AKO of February 14, 1907 ordered the introduction of the field-gray field service uniform (M 1910), which gradually replaced the colorful uniform from 1909/10. The leather gear and boots were leather-colored, the chapka was covered by a fabric cover called reed-colored.

Commanders

From 1897 until his death eight years later Archduke Joseph Karl Ludwig of Austria carried the honorary title of Regiment Head , then from 1906 Archduke Joseph August of Austria . The appointment was made in both cases by Kaiser Wilhelm II.

Commanders of the regiment were by year of appointment:

period of service commander Life dates Rank for appointment and comments
1866-1873 Lüderitz, Otto von 1818-1885 Major, later lieutenant general
1873-1880 Wolffersdorff, Arthur von 1823-1897 Lieutenant Colonel, later Major General
1880-1883 Nebelthau, Jacob 1833-1895 Lieutenant Colonel, later Colonel
1883-1885 Massenbach , Adolph von 1836-1912 Lieutenant colonel
1885-1886 Reichlin von Meldegg, Albert 1838-1893 Lieutenant Colonel, later Major General
1886-1891 Bothe, Heinrich von 1840-1923 Major, later lieutenant general
1891-1896 Colmar, Conrad of 1843-1930 Lieutenant Colonel, later Major General
1896-1899 Merveldt , Clemens von 1845-1923 Major, later colonel
1899-1904 Rohr , Carl von 1840-1932 Major, later colonel
1904-1905 Oheimb, Erich von 1854-1927 Major, later lieutenant general. Lost both sons in World War I
1905-1906 Dehnicke, Eduard 1854-1936 Major, later colonel
1906-1908 Weinschenck, Paul 1858-1950 Major, later lieutenant general
1908-1911 Priess, Conrad 1860-1933 Lieutenant colonel
1911-1913 Fritsche, Eugen von 1861-1921 Lieutenant colonel
1913-1916 Veit, Georg 1863-1931 Lieutenant Colonel, later Major General
1916-1917 Stotzingen , Conrad von 1873-1933 Colonel
1917-1919 Sydow , Heinrich von 1867-1942 Colonel

literature

  • Fritz von Mackowsky: History of the 2nd Hanoverian Uhlan Regiment No. 14th League of Former 14 Uhlans, Bremen 1932. ( Scans at the History Department of the University of Hanover )
  • Wilhelm Dietze: Former 2. Hannov. Ulanen-Regt No. 14. Kyffhäuser-Verlag, Berlin 1938. (Issue No. 343 of the series Die Tradition des Deutschen Heeres. Edited by Ernst von Eisenhart-Rothe and Walther Beckmann)

Web links

Commons : 2nd Hannoversches Ulanen-Regiment Nr. 14  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Fritz von Mackowsky: History of the 2nd Hanoverian Uhlan Regiment No. 14. Bremen 1932, p. 12.
  2. ^ Fritz von Mackowsky: History of the 2nd Hanoverian Uhlan Regiment No. 14. Bremen 1932, p. 13.
  3. ^ Fritz von Mackowsky: History of the 2nd Hanoverian Uhlan Regiment No. 14. Bremen 1932, pp. 14-16.
  4. ↑ a b Fritz von Mackowsky: History of the 2nd Hanoverian Uhlan Regiment No. 14. Bremen 1932, p. 16.
  5. ↑ Cathedral Square on the website of the city of Verden (Aller)
  6. ^ Otwin Skrotzki: Verden, Gibraltar barracks from June 17, 2012.
  7. ↑ Les Casernes Hamon et Mahon, in Saint-Avold au temps des Casernes
  8. ^ Fritz von Mackowsky: History of the 2nd Hanoverian Uhlan Regiment No. 14. Bremen 1932, pp. 18-19.
  9. ^ Loss figures from Fritz von Mackowsky: History of the 2nd Hanoverian Uhlan Regiment No. 14th Bund of former 14 Uhlans . Bremen 1932, p. 89 (losses in the war year 1914), p. 108 (1915), p. 155 (1916), p. 215 (1917), p. 277 (1918)
  10. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 3: The occupation of the active regiments, battalions and departments from the foundation or list up to August 26, 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2413-1 , p. 177.
  11. ↑ Bund former 14er Uhlans (ed.): Festschrift for the consecration of the memorial for the fallen soldiers of the 2nd Hanoverian Uhlan Regiment No. 14 on October 6th and 7th, 1928 in Verden / Aller. / Ed. Vom Tressau, Verden / Aller 1928.
  12. ↑ Appointment as head of the regiment on September 15, 1897
  13. ↑ Appointment as head of the regiment on August 29, 1906
  14. ^ Fritz von Mackowsky: History of the 2nd Hanoverian Uhlan Regiment No. 14. Bremen 1932, p. 280.