Joseph Karl Ludwig of Austria

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Josef Karl Ludwig. Lithograph by Franz Eybl , 1846
Joseph Karl Ludwig of Austria (around 1880)

Archduke Joseph Karl Ludwig of Austria (born March 2, 1833 in Pressburg , Kingdom of Hungary , † June 13, 1905 in Fiume , Kingdom of Hungary) was the second son of Archduke Josef Anton and Maria Dorothea von Württemberg . He came from the Hungarian branch of the House of Habsburg-Lothringen and was a grandson of Emperor Leopold II .

Life

He was educated in Pressburg by Benedictine monks , including the later revolutionary and archeology pioneer Flóris Rómer (1815–1889). In 1860 he began a military career as a major general . In 1866 he fought on the side of Austria in the German War , here he was distinguished by extraordinary organizational skills and bravery as well as organizational talent, therefore he was promoted to field marshal lieutenant. From 1869 he was Commander-in-Chief of the Hungarian Honvéd Army . In 1874 he was promoted to general of the cavalry .

Archduke Josef Karl's passion was Hungary . He had an excellent general education. He was equally well versed in social and natural sciences. He published several works on the flora of his estate in Alcsút , Hungary . He gained European fame through his groundbreaking work on the grammar of the " Gypsy language " (Hungarian title: Czigány nyelvtan; s. Romani ) and the ethnography of the Roma . He was very fond of this ethnic minority, he tried to settle Roma on his estate in Alcsút and provided them with material support.

He was very interested in the publication of the collective work The Austro-Hungarian Monarchy , suggested by Crown Prince Rudolf , and also took part in this work as an editor. In 1888 Archduke Josef Karl was made an honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences . In 1897 he received the Dr. hc from Budapest University , one year later he received an honorary doctorate from the (then) Franz Joseph University in Cluj-Napoca .

In the last years of his life he stayed more and more often in the "sunny south" for health reasons. His last trip took him to Fiume in December 1904. Despite the southern sun, his health deteriorated noticeably. He died in Fiume on June 13, 1905. His remains were transferred to Budapest and brought to their final resting place in the Palatine Crypt at the castle of Ofen . Emperor Franz-Joseph (in his capacity as King of Hungary) and the heir to the throne Franz-Ferdinand also took part in the funeral services on June 19, 1905 .

Published works (selection)

  • Alcsúti ásatások (excavations in Alcsút), Archaeologiai Értesítő (Archaeological Bulletin), 1872
  • Növényhonosítási kísérletek Fiumében 1881-től 1885-ig (experiments in plant cultivation in Fiume from 1881 to 1885), Cluj-Napoca , 1885
  • Egy rendkívüli tél hatása Fiumében (The effect of an extraordinary winter in Fiume), Cluj-Napoca , 1886
  • Czigány nyelvtan (Grammar of the Gypsy Language ), Budapest 1888
  • Eredeti cigány levelek (Real Gypsy Letters ), Egyetemi / es Philologiai Közlöny (General Bulletin for Philology) 1890
  • Háladatos cigányok, mint életmentők (Grateful Gypsies, as Lifesavers ), Budapest, 1891
  • Arborethum Alcusthiense. Az alcsúthi kertben honosított fák és cserjék leltára (Catalog of the trees and shrubs planted in the Alcsut garden), Cluj 1892
  • Észleletek az Alcsúton letelepedett sátoros cigányokról (Perceptions of the Gypsies Camping in Alcsút), Budapest, 1893
  • according to with Henrik Wloslocki: A cigányokról. A cigányok történelme, életmódja, néphite, népköltése, zenéje, nyelve és irodalma (About the Gypsies. History, way of life, popular belief, folk poetry, music, language and literature of the Gypsies), Budapest 1894
  • Animals in the Faith of the Gypsies , Urquell, 1895

progeny

On May 12, 1864 in Coburg , he married Clotilde von Sachsen-Coburg and Gotha (1846–1927), with whom he had the following children:

⚭ 1896 Duke Philip of Orléans (1869–1926)
⚭ 1890 Prince Albert von Thurn und Taxis (1867–1952)
The Pressburger Zeitung published the news of his death on the first page of its evening edition of June 13, 1905
⚭ 1893 Princess Auguste Maria Luise of Bavaria (1875–1964)

literature

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Joseph Karl Ludwig of Austria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Archduke of Austria and General
DATE OF BIRTH March 2, 1833
PLACE OF BIRTH Pressburg
DATE OF DEATH June 13, 1905
Place of death Fiume