2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18

Rittmeister Dragoon Regiment 18.jpg
active August 8, 1867 to May 1919
Country Mecklenburg Arms.svg Mecklenburg
Armed forces Prussian Army
Branch of service cavalry
Type regiment
structure See outline
Insinuation See submission
Location See location
march See regimental marches
Anniversaries Foundation Day August 8, 1867
Battles and skirmishes See mission history
management
Commanders See commanders

The 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 was a cavalry association of the Mecklenburg military within the Prussian army .

History and line-up

Lineup

In 1867 the order of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II was issued to set up a second dragoon regiment. The existing Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment divided teams of the age groups 1867, 1866 and 1865 into two equal parts. In September 1867, one of these parts formed the “2. Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 ”. Subsequently, the regiment was divided into five squadrons, each with a nominal strength of 110 dragoons, which was not achieved in the beginning. The strength was as follows: 18 officers, 61 NCOs, 16 trumpeters, 266 dragoons and 404 horses.

history

Parchimer Dragoons on horseback for exercise

The formation of the North German Confederation in 1867 was accompanied by fundamental military restructuring. In this context, the Mecklenburg associations occurred in the same year the IX. Prussian Army Corps . On July 24, 1868, Mecklenburg-Schwerin concluded a military convention with Prussia which regulated the transfer of officers to the Prussian army. On September 11, 1868, the 17th Division therefore held a parade in front of King Wilhelm I in Groß Rogahn , which symbolically sealed entry into the Prussian army. On October 1, 1867, the regiment was named “2. Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 ”.

In 1872 the name of the regiment was briefly changed. The basis for this was an instruction from the Grand Duke dated October 22, in which the name was changed to "Grand Ducal 2nd Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18". The decision was revised a little later. The designation chosen in the order of the General Command of November 30, 1867 thus retained its validity.

On the basis of the military convention concluded in 1872, the Mecklenburg troop units entered the budget of the Prussian army on January 1, 1873. The Prussian army was responsible for the remuneration and supplies for the soldiers, as did all equipment for the troops. The Grand Dukes then gave up their authority. However, ownership rights to the military buildings and real estate remained unaffected by the convention. The regiment had now been incorporated into the Prussian army. In Article 9 of the Convention, the Mecklenburg regiments continued to be given the name “Großherzoglich Mecklenburgisch”. The helmet fittings and the cockade in national colors were also preserved.

Location

Dragoon barracks from 1879 in Parchim.
Barracks of the cavalry regiment No. 14 at the Cordesius- u. Flörkestrasse.

Parchim Garrison

The city of Parchim initially assumed responsibility and costs for housing the Dragoons. The basis for this was the contract concluded on July 15, 1867 between the Grand Ducal Military Department and the city. The city was also responsible for housing the horses. The city received an annual allowance for the necessary expenses, which were not insignificant. Excepted from these agreements were officers and officials with the rank of officer, for whom separate quarters were available.

The following districts within the city were then assigned to the regiment:

  • 1. Eskadron: Neustädter Tor to Neustädter Markt.
  • 2. Squadron: Woker Tor and the adjacent district.
  • 3rd squadron: Ziegenmarkt, Berliner-Straße, Mauerstraße and Rosenstraße.
  • 4. Squadron: Square between Neustädter Markt, Langestrasse, Blutstrasse and Mühlenstrasse.
  • 5. Squadron: Old Town Market and Lindenstrasse, Rosenstrasse to the Ziegenmarkt and the forecourt of the Wallhotel.

The number of crew quarters was initially 309, later this number fell to 294. The horses were also accommodated. There were 40 stables available for the Parchimer squadrons.

During the same period, an officers 'dining establishment was set up for the officers' corps in the Wallhotel .

Dragoon barracks

Over the years, the number of staff increased steadily, which is why the need for central accommodation and spatial expansion arose. In 1877, construction work began on a new Dragoon barracks, for the planning and construction of which Intendantur baurat Kunze and architect Beckmann were responsible. The construction costs amounted to around one million marks . On November 1, 1879, the 148-meter-long barracks in the former Friedrich-Franz Strasse (today Putlitzer Strasse) were ready to move into. These barracks remained the home of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 until 1919. After 1919 the barracks housed a. a. the members of the 2nd Squadron of the 14th Cavalry Regiment and the 14th Cavalry Regiment of the Wehrmacht. The latter unit also used the barracks between Flörkestrasse and Cordesiusstrasse, built in the late 1930s.

Barracks on fire

On June 9, 1888, the Parchimer Kasernement was the victim of a fire accident. While the officers of the regiment were taking part in the annual "Rittmeisterbowlen", a fire broke out inside the barracks. The fire in the northern wing of the building was triggered by a lightning strike . The fire was only noticed when it reached the regimental chamber and it burned to its full extent. It was finally possible to contain the fire through intensive extinguishing work. However, the inventory of the regimental chamber and the northern roof structure suffered severe damage, as did the rooms below from the extinguishing water. As early as October 1st of the same year, the damaged parts of the building could be restored.

Officers canteen

In the course of the redesign of the barracks, the Dragoons also received their own officers' dining establishment. This was inaugurated on November 20, 1869 and was located in a simple half-timbered house at Wallallee No. 31, with the hall added in 1896 and a smaller extension in 1937. The building was used continuously by the units garrisoned in Parchim until 1945. After the end of the Second World War, it was used for non-military purposes as the “House of Young Pioneers ”. The building has been owned by the DRK since 1990 .

Parade ground

After billeting in Parchim, the city provided the dragoons with an area as a training ground. The space provided for the site training, part of the so-called Blöker field, was on the road to Damm. In the 1880s, a parade ground was also used on both sides of Lübzer Chaussee. Due to the nature of the terrain, this was ideal for exercising and maneuvering large riders.

Also worth mentioning is the military swimming facility on the Wockersee , where the dragoons held their swimming exercises when the weather was good.

Firing range

In 1874, three target stands were built in the Dammer Tannen on the western edge of the parade ground. The shooting house was also completed the following year. From now on, school shooting took place on the regiment's own shooting range, with shooting continued to be practiced at a short distance on the shooting ranges in the Buchholz Forest.

Garrison hospital

The military hospital was set up in 1869 in a classicistic plastered building in Blutstraße No. 1 that was bought by the military treasury. The 29-bed military hospital was put into operation on July 1, 1869. In 1872, the building was expanded to include a south wing.

Mission history

Franco-German War 1870/71

Lieutenant Colonel Ernst von Rathenow, regimental leader in the 1870/71 campaign

On July 16, 1870, the Parchimer Dragoon Regiment received orders to mobilize . The regiment commanded by Major von Rathenow - 2nd to 5th Squadron - then went to war against France with a strength of 634 dragoons and over 600 horses. The 1st Squadron stayed behind as a replacement.

The 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 - subordinated to the 17th Division - was initially given the task of guaranteeing coastal protection and as a result received the order to concentrate in and around Hamburg . There the staff in Wandsbek, the 2nd squadron in Billwerder / Elbe, the 5th squadron in Billwerder / Biller, the 3rd squadron in Hinschenfelde and the 4th squadron in Tonndorf took up their quarters. On August 23, 1870, Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II announced at a parade near Hamburg that the relocation to the French theater of war was approaching. The task of coastal protection was then handed over to the replacement and occupation troops. Finally, on the night of August 28th to August 29th, the regiment left Hamburg in the direction of the Palatinate, from where the advance on Metz began on August 30th. Before Metz the regiment on September 1 arrived. There the Mecklenburg riders fought initially in the association of the containment army. The regiment operated mainly together with the 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17 within the 17th Division. After the siege of Toul , the advance on Paris and the fighting against the French Armée de la Loire followed . The Mecklenburg cavalrymen put their skills to the test in numerous skirmishes and skirmishes. The achievements of the 3rd Squadron, which fought in the battles of Loigny, Orléans and Beaugency, are remarkable. The Parchimer Dragoons also experienced the suffering of the war. 12 Dragoons died in combat, 15 Dragoons died of diseases that they contracted during the campaign, including the regimental commander von Rathenow. A much higher number were attacked by typhus and dysentery and were therefore no longer operational. The horses also suffered because of the circumstances, the fight as well as the physical overload and poor nutrition caused numerous failures.

Peace was concluded on February 26, 1871, after which the Dragoon Regiment began the march back to Mecklenburg. After arriving in Schwerin, the ceremonial entry took place on June 14, 1871, at which the Mecklenburg associations were greeted by an enthusiastic crowd. The next day the dragoons arrived at the Parchim garrison, where the townspeople gave the regiment an equally solemn reception. The regiment was then demobilized.

Advance on Châlons-sur-Marne

The Mecklenburg troops of the 17th division still in front of Toul had received the order to advance on Châlons-sur-Marne . Two columns were formed for this purpose. On September 28, during this advance, the 2nd column was ambushed by Franktireurs .

The detachment had sent the Quartermaker Command ahead from Montiers-sur-Saulx, which consisted of a division of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Jäger Battalion No. 14 and 36 Dragoons of the 1st Squadron, which were under the command of Lieutenant Wendt. The dragoons rode ahead of the Mecklenburg hunters. When the Mecklenburgers had almost passed the Aumont forest near Chevillon , the dragoons suddenly received rifle fire at an angle behind them. Lieutenant Wendt thereupon gave the order to ride through the wood quickly, but the French rifle fire already claimed the first victims. Dragoon Klatt fell with his horse, which was fatally hit by bullets. He himself was grazed by a gunshot on his wrist and passed out as a result of a severe concussion. Other horses were subsequently fatally hit, the Mecklenburg dragoons remaining unharmed. The hunters immediately hurried forward to take care of the Dragoons Klatt. They, too, were taken under fire by the French, killing one head hunter and seriously injuring another. In the meantime, however, the avant-garde of the detachment had arrived at the scene of the battle. The 1st squadron under the command of Rittmeister Bethusy and three companies of hunters immediately began to comb through the wood and move it around. Twenty loggers were temporarily arrested. However, their involvement could not be proven and they were forced to be released. Meanwhile, one of the hunter patrols arrested a man who was armed with a rifle and wanted to take refuge in a forester's house. This circumstance led to the fact that the civilian was shot dead by the hunters.

Skirmishes at Dreux

On November 17, 1870, the 1st Squadron under Rittmeister Count Bethusy in a forest near Dreux came under fire. The unusual thing about it is that the enlightening avant-garde of the 1st Squadron could previously pass through the forest unhindered. The Rittmeister thereupon dismissed a platoon under the command of Prime Lieutenant von Pappenheim . When the French riflemen noticed this, they wanted to flee. However, the dragoons had already started chasing and were able to catch the French in the forest and take them prisoner. Now the Mecklenburgers also recognized by whom they were being shot, by French marines , an officer and his 15 infantrymen.

As the advance on Dreux continued, the 1st Squadron came under fire again. Again, the Pappenheim train was used for pursuit. In the course of the pursuit, there was a clash with about 60 French mobile guardsmen , who put up heavy resistance. After another fight, the Parchimer avant-garde squadrons together with the III. Battalion of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Grenadier Regiment No. 89 march into the city of Dreux.

During these fighting, some dragoons were wounded, one of whom later died. In contrast, there were numerous prisoners brought in and a large number of captured weapons.

Battle calendar 1870/71

1870
Deployment of the 17th Division, battle near Meung on the right bank of the Loire
The Battle of Orléans 1870
  • July 28th to August 29th - coastal protection in Hamburg
  • 29 August to 1 September - relocation to the Metz area
  • 0September 4th to 10th - enclosure of Metz
  • September 13th to 26th - Siege of Toul
  • September 28th - The Quartermaker Command of the 1st Squadron clashes with Franktireurs at Chevillon
  • October 10th to November 9th - Paris encircled
  • October 17th - Clash of a recovery command of the 4th Squadron near Melun
  • November 13th and 14th - patrol rides against Artenay
  • November 17th - Foot battle at Dreux against French marines
  • November 18 - Liaison patrol of the 4th Squadron on Châteauneuf
  • November 21 - Battle of La Madeleine Bouvet
  • November 22nd - Avant-garde skirmishes at Belleme
  • November 23 - Avant-garde reconnaissance of the 1st and 2nd squadrons against St. Nemy and Jge
  • November 25th - Detachment Detmering explores Duneau and Conneres (4th Squadron)
  • November 29th - 4th Squadron reconnaissance against Connerrs
  • 0December 5th - 1st, 2nd and 4th squadrons patrol rides against Châteaudun and Eloyes
  • 0December 8th - 1st Squadron skirmishes at Moisy
  • 0December 9-10 - Fights at Beaugency
  • 0December 2 - Battle of Loigny (3rd Squadron)
  • 03rd to 4th December - Battles in front of Orléans (3rd Squadron)
  • 0December 7th - Battle of Meung (3rd Squadron)
  • 0December 8 - Battle of Beaugency (3rd Squadron)
  • December 13th - Skirmishes of the Rauch Detachment near Oucques (3rd Squadron)
  • December 14th - Battle of Fréteval on December 14th (2nd Squadron)
  • December 15 - Battle of the left side detachment at Pezou (4th Squadron)
  • December 30th to 31st - Detachment Zingler to investigate Thiron-Gardais and Nogent-le-Rotrou (3rd and 4th squadrons)
1871
  • 0January 7th - Avant-garde reconnaissance of the 4th Squadron against Authon
  • 0January 8 - Vanguard reconnaissance of the 1st and 2nd squadrons against La Ferté-Bernard
  • 0January 8th - 3rd Squadron pursues Sceaux
  • 0January 9th to 12th - Battle of Le Mans
  • January 13th - Scouting halfway through 3rd Squadron against Carrouges
  • January 16 - 1st Squadron patrols Pré-en-Pail
  • January 19 - 4th Squadron reconnaissance against Argentan
  • January 22nd - Skirmishes at Bernay (1st and 2nd Squadrons)
  • January 22nd - 3rd Squadron patrols against Lisieux and Livarot
  • January 29-30 - 1st Squadron patrol rides against Bolbec and Lillebonne

Loss numbers 1870–71

  • Fallen: 12 dead
  • Illness (deceased): 15 dead

First World War 1914–1918

The regiment mobilized with its squadrons on August 2, 1914. The regiment was then transported to the western theater of war, where the unloading took place east of Aachen . On August 4, the regiment crossed the Belgian border at Gemmenich as part of the 4th Cavalry Division . Parts of the 4th Cavalry Division had their first enemy contact in Vise , where a gun battle with Belgian gendarmes developed. The Maas bridges in the village had already been destroyed and the barges had also been made unusable. An immediate crossing of the Maas was therefore no longer possible. The main task of the cavalry was the educational procedure. So the whereabouts of the Belgian army and the appearance of French units should be clarified. On August 5th, the reconnaissance squadrons crossed the Meuse near Lixhe . The 2nd and 4th Cavalry Divisions received the further order to reach north around Liège . The high summer that prevailed at this time was a particular burden for rider and horse and the lack of nutrition also had an impact on the overall condition of the troops. There were also numerous smaller skirmishes in the Belgian towns, although it was usually not clear who you were actually fighting here. Residents of the places were often suspected of participating in the fight. However, it usually turned out that the bombardment was caused by regular enemy formations or even by their own troops .

On August 10 and 11, there were violent attacks on the Belgian civilian population and their property in the towns of Linsmeau and Velm. The incident in Velm took place with the participation of the Mecklenburg 17th Cavalry Brigade and other units of the 4th Cavalry Division.

One of the most dramatic events of the war happened to the Mecklenburg Dragoons during the Battle of Halen on August 12, 1914. There, the Parchimer Regiment in particular suffered significant losses. After the battle of Halen, the Parchimer Dragoons continued to fight with the 4th Cavalry Division in the Battle of the Marne and the Battle of the Aisne and Oise. With the transition to trench warfare on the western front, the use of the dragoons also changed, and now they moved into the trenches at Grand Aid. There they faced English units, while the horses were housed in St. Quesnoiy during this time. After some time, the regiment was released from these positions and took a long period of rest at Roubaix until the loading for use on the Eastern Front in Oudenaarde was completed in mid-November . With the relocation to the Eastern Front, the deployment on the Western Front ended.

During the fighting on the Eastern Front, the regiment participated in the advance on Warsaw and the successful battle for Kovno . The Battle of Vilna followed in September 1915. The battle was the last chance to set the Russian enemy in motion. In November 1915 the eastern front also froze in trench warfare and the dragoons now took up positions in front of Daugavpils.

During the operation on the Eastern Front, the 4th Cavalry Division had to surrender its horses in autumn 1916 and March 1917. From then on, the regiments of the unit were largely unmounted. This measure was due to the ongoing trench warfare on the eastern front and the resulting predominantly infantry deployment of the squadrons.

The Battle of Riga in September 1917 was the last major military operation in which the regiment participated in the formation of the 17th Cavalry Brigade. In the course of the fighting, the brigade was subordinated to the Eastern Group under General of the Infantry von Kathen on September 2 .

The regiment then moved to positions north of the Daugava and stayed there until the beginning of October 1917. One of the main tasks of the following months of the war was to fight gangs behind the front. This was followed by the armistice period from December 7th, 1917 to February 17th, 1918. From February 22nd, the Mecklenburg Dragoons were used again to fight gangs and participated in the liberation of Livonia. There they were supposed to act as occupation troops until the end of the war. Ultimately, the Parchimer Dragoons remained in this area of ​​operation until they were transported back home in January 1919.

All combat operations on the Western Front and Eastern Front were carried out in association with the 17th Cavalry Brigade.

Battle of Halen in 1914

The road Halen – Diest, after the fighting on August 12, 1914.

On August 12th the last battle of mounted cavalry units broke out near Halen . Halen was taken, the intact bridges over the Great Gette in Halen and near Zelck were to be subsequently secured, while Zelck was still occupied by Belgian troops.

While the body squadron of the “1. Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17 "was already in combat with the Belgian enemy west of the Halen-Diest road, the Parchimer dragons attacked the enemy units northwest of Halen. The first frontal attack - in two attack waves - rode the 4th Squadron, behind them the 1st Squadron, followed by the 3rd Squadron, they rode the attack backwards on the left. The Mecklenburg dragoons fell directly into the enemy machine gun fire and were downright mowed down. As the units rode closely up, the riders of the following squadrons fell over the carcasses of the killed horses. As a result, the attack route was completely blocked. Most of the Parchimer dragoons were killed in this attack, about thirty Mecklenburg dragoons reached the Belgian positions and were able to penetrate them, with no military success. The remaining number of attacking Dragoons made the venture pointless. The Parchimers were finally followed by the 3rd and 4th Squadrons of the Pasewalker Cuirassier Regiment "Queen" (Pomeranian) No. 2 , they too had to break off the attack and withdraw. Subsequently, Lieutenant General von Garnier ordered the remaining squadrons to rally, then another attack was ordered on the side of Demminer's 2nd Pomeranian Uhlan Regiment No. 9 . This attack also ended in a hail of bullets from the Belgian associations.

The cause of the failure is to be found in the order to attack, which was in clear contradiction to the valid cavalry drill rules. These said that attacks could only be carried out on shocked infantry and artillery.

The regimental commander, Major Viktor Baron Digeon von Monteton and his adjutant, Oberleutnant von Laffert, were killed in this battle. The Parchimer Regiment lost a total of six officers, 138 dragoons and 163 horses in this battle. After this military failure, the regiment only had two combat squadrons left. The losses could only be offset gradually.

Battle of Néry in 1914

Battle at Nery on September 1, 1914

On September 1, there was a battle at Néry . In the formation of the 4th Cavalry Division, the Mecklenburg dragoons advanced on Paris and had received orders to pass the forest near Compiegne on September 1st in the morning.

The advance began on the morning of August 31. During the advance, the 4th Cavalry Division succeeded - at 1.30 a.m. on September 1st - in capturing the English crews of some trucks near the town of Bethisy. Subsequently, the area was searched and the investigation began. Lieutenant General von Garnier finally received reports of an English artillery bivouac near Nery, and then ordered the attack. The 17th Cavalry Brigade took up their position southeast on the heights, behind them two batteries of field artillery. Artillery and the division's machine gun division opened fire on the enemy bivouac at a distance of 800 m. The division then began the dismounted attack, which completely surprised the bivouacking English troops. The advantage of the surprise lasted only for a short time, however, as the Mecklenburg rifle line was covered by enemy artillery fire. Reinforced by the division's hussars, they made it to 500 m to the edge of the village. The enemy also led other units into action, and now tried to enclose the Mecklenburg dragoons. The situation was then to worsen as the hoped-for reinforcement by the 2nd and 9th Cavalry Divisions failed to materialize. When it got dark, the breakout finally succeeded, and surrounded by the enemy troops, the German unit managed to get into the forest near la Chapelle unnoticed. The German unit stopped immediately in front of the road there; the enemy units led their troops back to Paris via this route. The Mecklenburgers had to stay here until the morning of September 3rd, only then could a way out be explored. In the evening we finally moved into the bivouac at Nateuil.

The regiment suffered losses of 16 men. 10 men were taken prisoner.

Battle of Vilna, 1915

On August 19, the attack by the German Eastern Army began in the Vilna area , the aim of which was to get around the northern Russian wing in its rear and to destroy the Russian units. The 1st and 4th Cavalry Divisions under the command of Lieutenant General von Garnier were at this time north of the Wilia near Kiemiele, on this section the enemy was in fortified positions. The regiment in the formation of the 6th Cavalry Corps pushed the Russian cavalry back to the northeast on September 9, a first success. On the orders of General Field Marshal von Hindenburg , the 6th Cavalry Corps was to take action against the flank and rear of the Russians holding out at Vilna, the primary target being the Molodecnzo railway junction. On September 13th the corps started marching through Swenzjany. The 4th Cavalry Division finally attacked Soly on September 15 and was able to take it the following day. Starting from Soly, the regiments of the 4th Cavalry Division then advanced south-west, where they encountered superior enemy formations and therefore had to retreat to the north of Smorgon .

On the night of September 18, the Russian units then evacuated Vilna, but this jeopardized the German intent to encompass. By retreating, the Russian units escaped enclosure.

On September 22nd, Lieutenant General von Garnier received orders with the 4th, 9th and Bavarian Cavalry Divisions of the 6th Cavalry Corps to secure the flank of the army and to go behind the Russian units. This did not happen anymore, the Russians took the designated assembly point Sosenka on the same day . Subsequently there was heavy fighting in the sections of the Eastern Army. The 4th, 9th and Bavarian Cavalry Divisions were then to take action against Russian cavalry in front of Dolhinov on September 26th. In the meantime, however, the enemy was able to bring in further strong units, and the German military leadership's intention to encompass the Russian units had hereby finally failed. The own troop strength proved to be insufficient to continue such an undertaking, it was now a matter of advancing the transition to trench warfare. On September 26, the 4th and Bavarian Cavalry Divisions stopped at the Wilia on the Kamininka – Dolhinow – Milcza line. Despite the violent attacks by the Russian troops, the troops commanded by Lieutenant General von Garnier managed to break away from the enemy on September 27th. Subsequently it was the task of the cavalry to cover the movement of the 10th Army . In the period from September 28th to 30th, the 6th Cavalry Corps then relocated in stages to the Miadziol-Postaway line.

As a result of the Battle of Vilnius, significant land gains were achieved. However, the destruction of significant parts of the Russian army did not succeed. This battle was one of the last great tests of the Mecklenburg dragoons.

Battle calendar 1914–1918

Advance on Liège
The 4th Cavalry Division in the France campaign in 1914.
Advance of the 8th Army in Livonia and Estonia February / March 1918
The 17th Cavalry Brigade in Livonia in early November 1918
1914
  • 04th to 22nd August - Battle of the advance in Belgium
    • August 12 - Battle of Halen, west of Halen
  • August 25-27 - Battle of Solesmes and Le Cateau
  • August 29th to September 5th - advance and reconnaissance in front of the 1st Army
    • September 1 - Battle at Nery, south of Compiegne
  • September 12-16 - Battle of the Aisne
  • September 17-23 - Battle of Noyon and fighting between Oise and Somme
  • September 24th to October 1st - Battle of the Somme
    • September 27th - Battle at Hénin-sur-Cojeul
  • 0October 2-14 - Battle of Arras
  • October 20-29 - Battle of Lille
  • October 30th to November 4th - Battle of Ypres
  • November 13-17 - Relocation from the Courtrai area to the Eastern Front
  • November 21 to 24 - Fights near Lichanow and Lipa
  • December 13-18 - Battle of Lowicz and Saniki
  • from December 18 - fighting on the Rawka - Bzura
1915
  • until February 4th - fighting on the Rawka - Bzura
  • March 15-29 - Battles near Memel and Tauroggen
  • 0March 6-21 - Trench warfare at Lipniki-Lyse
  • March 31 to May 9 - trench warfare between Augustow , Mariampol and Pilwiszki
  • May 25 to June 3 - Reconnaissance battles near Ilgowno
  • 0June 4-8 - Battles near Wyssoka-Ruda and Koslowa-Ruda
  • 0June 9-19 - Skirmishes in the forest near Kovno
  • June 20 to July 20 - Augustowo and Pilwiszki position battles
  • July 21-29 - fights on the Jeszja and Weiwery
  • 0August 1st to 18th - Siege of Kovno
  • August 19 to September 8 - Battle of the Nyemen
  • 0September 9-27 - Battle of Vilna , north of Vilna
  • September 29th to October 2nd - Battles on the Myadsjolka, Dryswjata
  • 0October 3-19 - Battle of Kosjany
  • October 29th to 31st - Battle of Dünaburg
  • 0November 2 to December 31 - trench warfare in front of Dünaburg
1916
  • from January 1st - trench warfare in front of Dünaburg
1917
  • until August 1st - trench warfare in front of Dünaburg
  • 0August 2nd to 28th - Fight against gangs in Lithuania
  • 0September 1st to 5th - Battle of Riga (Northern Cavalry Division)
  • 0September 6th to October 4th - trench warfare north of the Daugava
  • October 6th - Fight against gangs in Lithuania
  • 0December 7 - truce and ceasefire
1918
  • through February 17 - Truce and Armistice
  • until February 22nd - fighting gangs in Lithuania
  • February 23 to March 4 - Fighting for the liberation of Livonia and Estonia
  • from March 5th - Livonia and Estonia are occupied as a German police force
  • November 19 - end of the war
  • from December 31st - march back home

Whereabouts

Call for voluntary entry into the provisional Reichswehr.

After the war ended , the association returned from the eastern theater of war to Parchim in January 1919, where it was demobilized and finally dissolved.

In June 1919 the Reichswehr Brigade 9 was set up in Schwerin, of which the subordinate 9th Cavalry Regiment with the 1st Squadron in Ludwigslust and the 2nd Squadron in Parchim were garrisoned. In the Reichswehr of 1921, the 14th Cavalry Regiment finally found a new home with the 2nd (Meckl.) Squadron in Parchim. In 1934 the name was changed to Reiter Regiment Ludwigslust, then in 1936 to Reiter Regiment 14. From this regiment the 14th Cavalry Regiment of the Wehrmacht was formed on August 1, 1936 . The 1st division of the regiment garrisoned in Parchim. The regiment took part in the parade of June 2, 1939 in Berlin, which was ordered on the occasion of the state visit of Prince Regent Paul of Yugoslavia , it was to be the last parade before the beginning of the Second World War . In 1939 the regiment was disbanded as a result of the mobilization of the Wehrmacht, the reconnaissance departments 19, 31, 156 and 171 were subsequently set up from the stock. The remaining parts of the crew then served in the cavalry replacement division 14 set up on August 26, 1939 in Ludwigslust. Renamed to Radfahr-Ersatz -teilung 14 in 1942, it was renamed again in 1943 to Reserve-Cyclist-Department 14 and moved to the Netherlands. Finally, the last renaming to Reconnaissance Replacement Department 14 took place. It was dissolved in December 1944, and the remaining crews were transferred to the Cavalry Training Department 100 set up in Ludwigslust.

Structure of the 14th Cavalry Regiment

  • 14th Cavalry Regiment
    • A. (Meckl.) Squadron (Ludwigslust)
    • 1. (Preuss.) Squadron (Ludwigslust)
    • 2. (Meckl.) Squadron (Parchim)
    • 3. (Prussian) Squadron (Schleswig)
    • 4. (Prussian) Squadron (Schleswig)

tradition

The tradition of the regiment in the Reichswehr was taken over by the 2nd Squadron of the 14th Cavalry Regiment in Parchim. In the Wehrmacht , the 1st Division of Cavalry Regiment 14 in Parchim took over the tradition.

In peacetime

The years of peace were used for intensive training and the improvement of tactics and organization. This training included a. riding attacks, moving in line and in column, riding off-road and counter-fencing - from 1890 - with the lance. Shooting training on horseback and on foot was also given the utmost attention. For the purpose of training, field maneuvers were held regularly - each autumn. Corps and imperial maneuvers were further events that interrupted everyday service, here the Mecklenburg dragoons were able to demonstrate their acquired skills.

Representative tasks and honorary services also accompanied the regiment throughout its existence, with participation in the imperial parades being a special honor.

Chronology of events

Return of the emperor from the parade on August 5, 1904 on the Luruper Feld.
Return of the Mecklenburg dragoon regiments from the imperial parade on Kronsberg.
The parade line-up, Imperial Days in Hanover in August 1907.

  • 1872 - On September 30th, a delegation of the Parchimer Dragoon Regiment took part in the unveiling and inauguration of the monuments on Düppel and Alsen.
  • 1872 - In the autumn of that year the brigade drill of the 17th Cavalry Brigade took place on the Valluhner-Heide, for the first time together with the Hussar Regiment (Hannoversches) No. 15 . The hussar regiment was previously assigned to the 17th Cavalry Brigade by AKO on April 11, 1871, after the 2nd Brandenburg Uhlan Regiment No. 11 had left.
  • 1874 - On December 2nd of that year the solemn inauguration of the memorial for the war of 1870/71 in Schwerin took place, the Parchimer Dragoon Regiment also provided a combined squadron.
  • 1881 - The regiment took part in the autumn maneuvers of the IX. Army Corps in Holstein.
  • 1884 - In the autumn of 1884 the regiment took part in the cavalry drill on the training area near Parchim on Lübzer Chaussee.
  • 1885 - In autumn the regiment took part in the detachment exercises of the 34th Infantry Brigade in Mecklenburg between Hagenow and Ludwigslust and in the division exercises in the Hagenow – Boizenburg – Wittenburg area.
  • 1887 - Increased attention was paid to training in shooting service. Therefore the commanders, captains, lieutenants and NCOs of the cavalry regiments had to attend appropriate courses at the military shooting school. Colonel von Patow, the Rittmeister von der Lühe and von Schultz, the lieutenants von Maltzahn and von Bülow III took from the Parchimer regiment. take part in such courses one after the other.
  • 1888 - In the summer the participation in the telegraph service was ordered, before the cavalry telegraphs which could be carried on horseback had been given to the regiment.
  • 1888 - On the basis of the instructions for the destruction and manufacture of cavalry work published in April 1888, the dragoons are trained in cavalry pioneer service. Every summer, the instructors from the Army Corps Engineer Battalion taught four NCOs and eight Dragoons from the Parchim Regiment. The training included a. the construction and destruction of bridges and the destruction and restoration of telegraph lines.
  • 1890 - Participation in the Imperial Parade near Flensburg on September 4th, participation in the corps maneuver the following day.
  • 1893 - For the inauguration of the monument of Friedrich Franz II. A delegation with the regimental standard was put in place.
  • 1892 - On the occasion of the funeral of Grand Duchess Alexandrine, the entire officer corps was sent to Schwerin for the solemn burial on April 27th.
  • 1897 - On the occasion of the funeral of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz III. an squadron of the regiment was placed in Ludwigslust.
  • 1898 - As part of the 17th Division, the regiment took part in the Imperial Maneuver from September 3rd to 10th. A parade was held at Linden on December 3rd.
  • 1901 - On the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the elevation of Prussia to kingdom, celebrations took place in Schwerin on January 18th.
  • 1901 - On the occasion of the takeover of government by Friedrich Franz IV. On April 9th, parades and banquets were held in the officers' mess in the garrisons of the country.
  • 1904 - On the occasion of the wedding of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz IV , a large parade took place on July 9th on the large parade ground in Schwerin. In addition to the two dragoon regiments, the I. and III. Battalion of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Grenadier Regiment No. 89 and the 2nd Battalion of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment “Kaiser Wilhelm” No. 90 and the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Artillery Regiment No. 60.
  • 1904 - In September the participation in the imperial maneuver followed , previously on September 5th the imperial parade of the IX. Army Corps on the large parade ground in Lurup , which was created after the establishment of the German Empire in 1871 .
  • 1907 - Imperial Days in Hanover from August 26th to 29th. The Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiments No. 17 and 18 took part in the imperial parade on the Kronsberg near Hanover on August 27, under the leadership of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz IV and Duke Paul Friedrich .
  • 1911 - Participation in the morning of August 26th in the three-hour imperial parade on the parade ground in Lurup near Altona. In the following days participation in the imperial maneuver in the association of the IX. Army Corps.
  • 1913 - On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the War of Liberation, the delegations of the Mecklenburg regiments took up positions in front of the hall of fame of the Schwerin arsenal.

organization

Insinuation

Franco-German War 1870/71

List of campaigns in 1870/71

Peace time

  • IX. Army Corps
    • 17th division
      • 17th Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Cavalry Brigade
        • 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17
        • 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18

First World War 1914–1918

In the event of war, the Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiments and the 17th Cavalry Brigade were subordinate to the 4th Cavalry Division, which in turn was only formed in the event of war.

On the western front, the regiment - as part of the 4th Cavalry Division - initially operated in the area of ​​the 2nd Army and the 1st Army , and later in the area of ​​the 6th Army . During their deployment in the west, the 4th Cavalry Division and the 17th Cavalry Brigade remained subordinate to the Higher Cavalry Command No. 2. Which in turn was dissolved in December 1914.

After being transferred to the Eastern Front, the 17th Cavalry Brigade operated in the area of ​​the 10th Army until May 18, 1915 . Subsequently, the 17th Cavalry Brigade in the association of the 4th Cavalry Division was transferred to the area of ​​the 8th Army . The relocation was delayed by the snot disease of the horses of the Dragoon Regiment No. 17 and the 2nd Squadron of the Parchimer Regiment. Therefore, the staff of the 17th Cavalry Brigade with the Dragoon Regiment No. 17 and the 2nd Squadron of the Dragoon Regiment No. 18 initially remained with the III. Reserve Corps of 9th Army back. They only rejoined the 4th Cavalry Division later.

In the further course of the war, the Mecklenburg cavalry brigade also operated as an independent unit. From September 1917 the 17th Cavalry Brigade was subordinated to the Northern Cavalry Division, and in October it returned to the Association of the 4th Cavalry Division. This division was moved to the Western Front in April 1918, the 17th Cavalry Brigade remained in the area of General Command 60 on the Eastern Front and acted here as an independent unit. The Parchimer Regiment also operated from April 1918 under the command of the General Command z. BV 67 and was partially subordinated to the 9th Landwehr Infantry Brigade.

The two Mecklenburg dragoon regiments were given smaller formations of the IX. Army Corps assigned or subordinated, including the Reserve Cavalry Division No. 46, the 1st and 4th Landsturm Squadrons, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Landwehr Squadrons and the Reserve Replacement Squadron.

August 1914 – January 1917
Start of the war in 1914, distribution of the army cavalry on the western front.
  • 4th Cavalry Division
    • 17th Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Cavalry Brigade
      • 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17
      • 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18
February-September 1917
  • 17th Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Cavalry Brigade (independent)
    • 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17
    • 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18
September – October 1917
  • Cavalry Division North
    • 17th Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Cavalry Brigade
      • 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17
      • 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18
October 1917 – April 1918
  • 4th Cavalry Division
    • 17th Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Cavalry Brigade
      • 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17
      • 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18
Until November 1918
  • General command z. BV 67
    • 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 (3rd and 4th Squadron)
  • General command z. BV 60
  • 9th Landwehr Infantry Brigade
    • 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 (1st, 2nd and MG squadron)

structure

Established in 1867

  • 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18
    • 1st squadron (Captain Count Eyben)
      • 3 officers, 12 NCOs, 3 trumpeters, 53 dragoons, 80 horses
    • 2nd squadron (Rittmeister von Arnim)
      • 3 officers, 12 NCOs, 3 trumpeters, 53 dragoons, 80 horses
    • 3rd Squadron (Rittmeister Gudewill)
      • 3 officers, 12 NCOs, 3 trumpeters, 53 dragoons, 80 horses
    • 4th Squadron (Captain von Maltzan)
      • 3 officers, 12 NCOs, 3 trumpeters, 53 dragoons, 80 horses
    • 5th squadron (Rittmeister von der Lühe)
      • 3 officers, 12 NCOs, 3 trumpeters, 53 dragoons, 80 horses.

Franco-German War 1870/71

  • 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18
    • 2nd squadron (Major von Arnim)
      • 5 officers, 15 NCOs, 3 trumpeters, 132 dragoons
    • 3rd squadron (Rittmeister von Haeseler)
      • 5 officers, 1 junior medical officer, 15 NCOs, 3 trumpeters, 132 dragoons
    • 4th squadron (Rittmeister Freiherr von Maltzan)
      • 5 officers, 1 junior medical officer, 16 non-commissioned officers, 3 trumpeters, 132 dragoons
    • 5th squadron (Captain Count Bethusy-Huc)
      • 5 officers, 1 assistant doctor, 1st gunsmith, 1 subordinate doctor, 15 NCOs, 3 trumpeters, 132 dragoons

First World War 1914–1918

A squadron consisted of 4 officers, 163 dragoons, 178 horses and three wagons. The cavalry regiment was then formed from five squadrons each, with the fifth squadron remaining at the Parchim location as a replacement squadron. The peace strength had been adjusted to the war strength, so the time of mobilization could be shortened significantly.

No separate machine gun departments were set up within the cavalry regiments until the beginning of the war , but each cavalry division was assigned a machine gun department. At the beginning of the war, the 4th Cavalry Division was assigned the Guard Machine Gun Division No. 2. It was not until 1917 that an MG squadron was formed within the regiment, some of which were equipped with Russian captured weapons.

uniform

timeline

  • 1867 - After the meeting of the 2nd Dragoon Regiment No. 18, some changes were made to the uniforms.
    • The tunic collar is rounded at the front, in accordance with the regulations of Prussian line regiments.
    • The officers' shoulder boards are modified using the Mecklenburg colors based on the Prussian model.
    • The officers are allowed to wear light blue overskirts.
    • The armpit flaps of the one-year volunteers are framed by a cord in the Mecklenburg colors.
    • Instead of the red armpit flaps of the coats, light blue and red edged ones are introduced.
    • Sergeants wear the golden portepee, the tassels of the NCOs in the Mecklenburg national colors.
  • 1871 - In autumn, short lined trousers without red piping were introduced, and high riding boots were also introduced, according to AKO of March 24, 1870.
  • 1874 - The regiment was given the braids on the blue cuffs.
  • 1875 - The gold embroidery for officers was first created in January 1875.
  • 1876 ​​- In February the carbine bandolier was abolished, a cartridge bandolier with cartridge case was introduced.
  • 1888 - Gold badges of rank for officers were replaced by silver badges of rank.
  • 1890 - The regiment was given the regiment number "18" on the armpit flaps by order of February 7th. The regiment's red armpit tabs now have the yellow “18”.
  • after 1892 - change of the badge color to black with white buttons. The armpit flaps are now black and have the red "18" on them.
  • 1904 - On July 9th, the regiment was given the name of the regiment chief Grand Duchess Alexandra of Mecklenburg, and from this point the name "A" was worn on the armpits and epaulettes.

Tabard 1868

Teams

(II.) Tunic (field march like)
  • Tabard : Cornflower-blue tunic, front ponceau-red protrusion on the lap pocket strips, ponceau-red rounded collar, two yellow strands on each collar or, in the case of sergeants, gold strands, ponceau-red armpit flaps, cornflower-blue Swedish lapels with ponceau-red protrusions without braids Cuffs. The lap pockets were not curved, but straight and studded with two buttons. The batch buttons of the sergeants, private and sergeants were marked with the Grand Ducal coat of arms.
  • Coat : The coat was made of dark gray cloth, with dark blue armpit flaps, these piped in red.
  • Trousers : The riding breeches were made of dark blue mottled cloth with red piping and black leather trim on the inside.
  • Headgear : The field cap, made of cornflower blue cloth, with ponceau-red trim and a protrusion of the lid. The blue-red-yellow country cockade was worn on the cap.
  • Helmet : helmet made of black leather with yellow fittings, ripened tip and round visor. The fitting, a yellow star with inserted white Mecklenburg coat of arms. A black bush of hair was worn for the parade, while trumpeters wore a bush of red hair.
  • Bandelier : The white leather Karabinerbandelier was passed under the shoulder carried out over the left shoulder to right hip side. This white bandolier was not worn with the evening suit or the formal suit.
  • Tassel : The button and tassel on the wrist strap showed the Mecklenburg national colors.
  • Cartridge : The black cartridge was worn on the right on the saber belt of Dragoon Regiment No. 17 and 18.
  • Leather gear: the white leather buckle was fitted with a yellow pin buckle.
  • Footwear : boots with short sleeves and a spur.

Officers

  • Tabard : cornflower blue tabard with yellow buttons, cornflower blue lapels without braids, ponceau red collar with gold embroidery, gold epaulet fields and crescents, gold passats and armpits, these with blue-red vertical stripes on the edge, silver rank stars.
  • Overskirts : Made of light blue cloth with yellow buttons, light blue collar, the same with red piping.
  • Trousers : The riding breeches were made of dark blue mottled cloth with red piping and black leather trim on the inside. The cornflower blue trousers with ponceau red piping and wide stripes were worn with the formal suit.
  • Bandolier : The officers' cartridge bandolier was lined with red saffiano leather, on the outside with gold edging, which had a red vertical stripe in the middle and a blue stripe on each edge. On the bandolier, the broaches were attached to a silver lion's head with silver chains.
  • Leather gear : officers wore a saber belt made of red saffiano leather , set with a golden braid in the middle, this was set with a red stripe in the middle and on the edges. The middle red stripe was provided with parallel blue stripes.
  • Cartouche : Officers were equipped with a silver cartouche, which was decorated with a gold heraldic star.

Tabard after 1892

(r.) Tabard after 1890
  • Tabard : The Dragoons wore a cornflower blue tabard. The tunic was equipped with Swedish lapels . The so-called badge color of the regiment was black. The cuffs, the stand-up collar, the epaulette fields and passers-by were of this color . There were white braids on the collar and cuffs. On the shoulder pieces and epaulettes there was - from 1904 - the crowned name "A", the regimental number "18", which had been worn on the shoulder flaps since 1890, was omitted. Buttons and fittings were made of nickel silver .
  • Trousers : The trousers made of dark blue mottled cloth with black leather trim.
  • Helmet : The helmet was equipped with a star made of tombac with an applied grand ducal coat of arms made of nickel silver . The scale chain and the tip of the helmet were made of tombac , whereby the scale chain was then replaced by a leather strap with a hook. A black (for the musicians a red) horsehair bush was put on for the parade. On the sides of the helmet were the blue-yellow-red state cockade and the black-white-red imperial cockade.
  • Headgear : The field cap, made of cornflower blue cloth, with a black trim and a protrusion of the lid. The blue-red-yellow country cockade and the imperial cockade were worn on the cap.
  • Bandolier : A white bandolier with a black cartridge ran from the left shoulder to the right hip . The bandolier and cartridge were not worn with the evening suit and formal suit.
  • Leather gear : the waist strap was white and had a simple pin buckle.

Head of regiment's tunic

The regiment chief wore the tunic of a staff officer of the regiment in parade on ceremonial occasions. The black leather helmet with a black bush of hair was also worn.

Tunic field gray

(r.) field gray tunic

With the AKO of February 23, 1910, the field-gray uniform was gradually introduced, and the colorful uniform skirt was then gradually replaced by the field-gray uniform. With the regulation of September 21, 1915, further changes and adjustments followed. The M15 field blouse was also introduced in the course of the regulations of September 21, 1915. Epaulettes and epaulette holders were no longer applicable, and armpit pieces and armpit flaps were always worn according to the new pattern. On the basis of the regulations of September 21, 1915, the Grand Ducal Schwerin regulations for changes to the uniforms of officers and men followed on May 18, 1916; these included any necessary adjustments.

  • Tabard : field gray for men and officers, for men cornflower blue armpit flaps with black protrusions and the crowned cipher “A” embroidered in red, gray collar, double braid and silver embroidery. For officers, black collar with double braid and silver embroidery, armpit pieces with a crowned cipher "A". The officers had black Swedish lapels and sleeve flaps with silver embroidery. Buttons on the tunic and the "little skirt" were white. Award heads are in turn provided with the crowned coat of arms of the state. Field belt made of natural brown or black leather with belt lock, made of brass or nickel, with trim (Mecklenburg coat of arms).
  • Trousers : feldgrau For teams trousers and breeches, boots trousers for officers, red push at the side seams.
  • Headgear : Field cap field gray and peaked cap blue, black trim stripes and cover protrusion, with state cockade and Reich cockade.
  • Helmet : Made of black lacquered leather, with front and rear visors and tip, brass fittings, flat brass chain. From 1887 on, helmets for teams no longer had a scale chain, which was replaced by a leather strap with a hook holder. In 1895 the fittings were made of aluminum bronze instead of brass to reduce weight. The yellow fitting shows a sun with inserted white national coats of arms, enclosed by a laurel wreath, on the right of the helmet the national cockade "blue-red-yellow", from 1897 on the left and the Reich cockade on the right. A black plume made of horsehair was worn at parades. The helmets of the military musicians were equipped with the red plume for military ceremonies. 1915 Introduction of the M15 model, with a removable tip, which was equipped with a bayonet lock, the fitting made of nickel silver. Chin straps were worn on the helmet with its field gray cover. From February 1916, the troops were equipped with the steel safety helmet model 1916. In 1918 camouflage in ocher colors was introduced for privacy reasons.
  • Footwear : uniform cavalry boots, issued in a natural color. According to the regulations issued by the Supreme Cabinet Order of September 21, 1915, these had to be blackened.
  • Sling : Uniform body straps with cartridge pouches made of natural-colored leather. This was held by shoulder straps so that the weight of the cartridge pouches does not affect the rider. The white carbine strap was no longer worn.

Standards and awards

Standard

Standard of the regiment, standard bearer of the 3rd Squadron

On June 28, 1868, the regiment was awarded a standard in front of the Wallhotel in Parchim. This standard was made of white silk and was framed by a golden fringe. The national coat of arms embroidered in gold, silver and the national colors was on both sides. The corners were decorated with the gold-embroidered crowned name "FF", connected to each other with embroidered oak leaves. The standard bandolier was made of cornflower blue velvet, edged with golden braids. Corresponding golden standard tassels hung on strings interwoven with gold, red and blue.

The standard pole was painted white, with painted grenades and studded with brass. The inscription "MDR 18" was on the brass fitting. To top it off, the top of the standard with the grand ducal name was replaced by the Iron Cross from 1871.

Lance flags

  • Lance flags of the teams yellow-red.
  • Lance flags of the NCOs yellow, with the Mecklenburg coat of arms embroidered in red.

Awards

On June 16, 1871, the regiment was awarded the Iron Cross because of its participation in the 1870/71 campaign in the Standartenspitze. Subsequently, the standard was awarded the Mecklenburg Military Merit Cross and the ribbons to the Iron Cross.

Event medal from 1892

On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the regiment, an event medal was donated. The front (obverse) showed the head portraits of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz III. and Kaiser Wilhelm II, framed by the legend: “GROSSH. MECKL. FRIED. FRANZ V. MECKLENBURG EMPEROR WILH. II. PARCHIM 1867 AUG. 8. 1892 ". While the reverse (reverse) shows a Mecklenburg dragoons on horseback, framed by the legend “ REMINDER OF THE 25 YEAR. JUBILEE OF II. GROSSH. DRAG. REGT. No 18 ".

Regimental marches

The parade march No. 1 (AM III, No. 51) composed by Julius Möllendorf was awarded to the regiment as a presentation march . The parade march (AM III, no. 58) composed by Albert Lorenz was received by the regiment as a parade march in crotch .

Armament

Hand weapons

Long guns

While the Mecklenburg infantrymen and grenadiers were equipped with the needle gun as early as 1860 , the introduction to the Mecklenburg dragoons was delayed. It was not until 1863 that shooting and carrying attempts were made, which in the course of the maneuvers of the Guard Corps and III. Prussian Army Corps.

In the spring of 1866 finally was firing pin - Carbine introduced in Ludwigsluster Regiment, which already had some time in the Prussian army in action. Four non-commissioned officers from the main regiment were assigned to Rathenow for briefing and target practice , within two weeks they learned the skills and instructions from the experienced trainers of the Zieten hussars. These NCOs then carried out training on the carbine within the regiment.

After the establishment of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoons Regiment No. 18, the Parchimer Dragoons were also equipped with the detonator carbine. Most of which came from the holdings of the Ludwigslust regiment.

In 1873, a Chassepot carbine was introduced temporarily , which was replaced by the Cavalry carbine model 1871 in January 1877 . In 1890 - in July - the carabiner model 1888 was introduced , which ultimately remained in use until 1909. In the same year - October 1st - the model 1898 carbine was introduced, which was to remain in use until the regiment was disbanded in 1918. Like the previous model, the Karabiner 98 was carried in a newly modified carabiner shoe on the saddle, and in field use again on the rifle sling on the back.

Handguns

NCOs and trumpeters wielded the Prussian cavalry pistols of the model 1850 with a smooth barrel, these are then exchanged for the revolver of the model 1879 according to the AKO of March 21, 1879 . The revolvers were replaced by the pistol 08 after 1910 .

Edged weapons and lances

Edged weapons

The Parchimer Dragoons were equipped with the basket saber of the model 1849, the saber was similar to the Prussian cavalry saber, but with a fixed eyelet on the side. The cavalry sabers introduced after 1850 had a blade with a slight curvature and a basket handle made of iron with a finger ring. In addition, there was the cast steel sheath.

In 1880, necessary modifications were made to the Mecklenburg cavalry saber based on a decree. The design changes to the cavalry saber model 1852 should now also be carried over to the Mecklenburg model.

By decree of November 27, 1886, officers out of service or on foot were allowed to put on the lion's head saber. From then on, the grand ducal cipher was prescribed on the stitch plate. In the following year, the permission to wear the lion's head saber was extended to the sergeants, vice sergeants and the trumpeter.

In December 1893 the cavalry sword of the model 1889 was introduced, the vessel of which was now decorated with the Mecklenburg coat of arms. The old stock of Prussian cavalry sabers was subsequently completely replaced.

In 1910, the teams were still equipped with the cavalry sword of the 1889 model, as were the officers with the lion's head saber.

The cavalry sword model 1889 remained in use by cavalrymen until February 1920.

Lances

In the second half of 1889, the testing of the use of wooden lances began, which were then introduced in the regiment in 1890. The regiment received 24 lances per squadron. An officer and five NCOs of the Uhlan regiment "Graf Haeseler" (2nd Brandenburg) No. 11 took over the instruction in handling the lances . All lieutenants and NCOs of the Parchimer regiment had to attend the briefing. As early as July 1891, the wooden lances were exchanged for tubular steel lances. These remained in use until 1927 and were still used on festive occasions in the years that followed.

equipment

Horse equipment

Equipment of the Dragoon Regiment No. 18

The horse equipment was almost identical to the equipment of the 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17. The Hungarian buck saddle with steel stirrups, a brass core in the breastplate, cross straps and the brass shield on the forehead of the service bridle. A flat yellow chain on the officers' bridle instead of the cross straps of the duty bridle. If ridden with a saddle cloth, yellow brass stirrups instead of the white stirrups. The centerpiece made of brass, the brass plate and the flat yellow chain were exchanged for parts made of white metal in the 1890s.

The saddlecloths of the Parchimer Dragoons were made of white sheepskin with red edging. After the regiment's badge color changed around 1892, the saddlecloths were framed by a black border. In each of the rounded corners of the saddle cloth, a coat of arms star was applied.

After the deployment in 1870/71 there was cause for open criticism of the equipment of the Mecklenburg Dragoons, as emerged from a report to the war ministry of the regimental leader Detmering. The iron saddle bracket proved to be inadequate, as numerous breaks in the front and rear piers proved this. In order to remedy this, Major Detmering recommended wooden saddle stands. The brackets made of brass also did not work because they often broke. Here steel brackets should eliminate the problem.

In contrast to the material problems, the Mecklenburg horses proved themselves during the entire campaign of 1870/71.

Gas protection for horses

As a result of the first use of gas on the Eastern Front, gas protection is introduced for teams and horses. Initially, feed sacks with moist straw were used as protective equipment for the horses. In 1917 fabric protective masks were developed, the fabric itself was soaked in a protective salt solution. These masks enclosed the front of the horse's snout and provided moderate protection.

timeline

  • According to a communication from the Royal General Command of December 23, 1884, the private purchase of remonts from Mecklenburg was discontinued. On the basis of the agreement with the Prussian War Ministry , remonts for the Mecklenburg dragoon regiments were purchased from the East Prussian depots.
  • Instead of the previous light blue underlay, a dark blue one was introduced in 1889. The saddle pad - no longer carried in maneuvers since 1887 - was only put on for parade.
  • From 1889 swimming exercises were included in the summer service program, in June these exercises are carried out for the first time by a combined squadron at the Wockersee .
  • In July 1890 the Hungarian buck saddle was replaced by the new army saddle. However, the squadrons only received five saddles each during the introductory period, later the number increased to 30. While the new saddle prevented pressure damage to the horse's back, it placed higher demands on the dragoons in terms of sitting posture.

Gas protection 1915–1918

The gas war of the First World War began with the first German blow attack on April 22, 1915, also for the Mecklenburg soldiers. The question of protecting German soldiers now arose. For example, the so-called “Breathing and Mouth Guard Stage Ghent” was developed as the first gas protection system to guarantee basic protection, at least temporarily. This respiratory and mouth guard consisted of cleaning wool, which in turn was sewn into a garbage bag, whereby the cleaning wool was soaked in a sodium thiosulphate solution. In August 1915, the German army gas mask - with a screw-off filter - was introduced; the face mask provided protection for the eyes, mouth and nose. Finally, in 1917, the German leather gas mask - made of impregnated leather - was introduced with an improved filter insert that also offered protection against chloropicrin and blue cross warfare agents .

Heads of regiments and commanders

Grand Duchess Alexandra of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Commanders of the regiment 1867–1897

Heads of regiments

Rank Surname date
––– Grand Duchess Alexandra of Mecklenburg 0July 9, 1904 to November 14, 1918

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Georg von Brandenstein September 22, 1867 to June 17, 1869
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Ernst von Rathenow 0July 8, 1869 to June 15, 1871
major Paul Detmering 0January 7th to September 25th, 1871
major Arthur von Wolffersdorff September 26 to December 11, 1871
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Arthur von Wolffersdorff December 12, 1871 to April 20, 1873
major Hugo von Seydlitz April 21 to September 1, 1873
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Hugo von Seydlitz 0September 2, 1873 to August 1, 1878
major Heinrich von Seherr-Thoss 0August 2 to October 11, 1878
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Heinrich von Seherr-Thoss October 12, 1878 to October 16, 1883
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Alfred von Lieres and Wilkau October 17, 1884 to April 27, 1887
Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Egon von Patow April 28, 1887 to May 15, 1891
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Ernst von Senden-Bibran May 16, 1892 to May 19, 1896
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Kurt von Byern May 20, 1896 to March 17, 1899
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Arthur von Manteuffel March 18, 1900 to April 23, 1904
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Hans von Arnim April 24, 1904 to April 19, 1910
Major / Lieutenant Colonel Anton von der Schulenburg April 20, 1910 to May 19, 1914
major Viktor Digeon from Monteton May 20 to August 12, 1914
major Philip of Legate December 10, 1914 to February 28, 1919
major Gebhard von der Schulenberg 0March 1 to April 30, 1919

À la suite

Rank Surname date
Second Lieutenant Friedrich Wilhelm of Mecklenburg 0April 5, 1871 to September 22, 1897
lieutenant Heinrich Borwin of Mecklenburg January 27, 1902 to November 14, 1918

Monuments and associations

Monuments

The Bund der Dragoons 18 had a memorial erected in honor of the fallen soldiers of the regiment in the early 1920s. On June 11, 1922, the Dragoon Memorial in the ramparts on Lindenstrasse was ceremoniously consecrated. The native Parchimer and Low German poet Rudolf Tarnow wrote a consecration poem for this, which he also recited personally on that day.

The monument is in the shape of a stele and is crowned by a flattened pyramidal tip. Made of red granite, the stele rests on a base made of gray granite blocks. The front shows the name of the head of the regiment made of white marble, including the dedication “The fallen heroes of the 2nd Grand Duke. Mecklenburg. Dragoon Regiment No. 18 1914–1918 ”. On the other hand, the names of the fallen soldiers of the regiment are found on the sides, sorted by rank and squadron.

Another memorial for those who fell in World War I was erected in 1931 on the new Parchim cemetery grounds, which were laid out in 1920.

Honor roll of the regiment

In the entrance area of ​​the Parchim Dragoons barracks there was a plaque of honor on which the squadron chiefs and sergeants from 1867 to 1916 were listed. The listings in Gothic script are framed by ornately painted laurel and oak leaves. The listings are crowned by the imperial insignia, which in turn are flanked by the Prussian eagle. The roll of honor has been preserved to this day and is put on display. However, it was damaged by the Soviet armed forces while the barracks were in use.

Warriors Club

The former members of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 organized themselves into the League of Dragons 18 after the war . The warrior association and the respective local groups had their own standards, which were provided with coats of arms, names and club names.

Known members of the regiment

Literature and Sources

literature

  • Heribert von Larisch: The 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 in World War 1914–1918. Verlag Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1924.
  • Alfred Satter: The German cavalry in the First World War. Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt 2004, ISBN 3-8334-1564-9 .
  • Rudolf von Borries : Army cavalry in war of movement. (Ed.) Army Inspection of Education, Berlin 1928.
  • Jürgen Kraus : The German Army in World War I: Uniforms and Equipment. 1914 to 1918 . Verlag Militaria, Vienna 2004 (= catalogs of the Bavarian Army Museum, 2), ISBN 3-9501642-5-1 .
  • Hugo FW Schulz: The Prussian Cavalry Regiments 1913/1914. Podzun-Pallas Verlag, Friedberg 1985. Licensed edition Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 1992, ISBN 3-89350-343-9 .
  • Klaus-Ulrich Keubke, Ralf Mumm: Mecklenburg Military History 1701–1918 (= series of publications of the studio for history and portrait painting. Volume 5). Schwerin 2000, ISBN 3-00-005910-5 .
  • Otto Kaehler : The Prussian cavalry from 1806 to 1876 in its internal development. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1879.
  • Joe et al. Janet Robinson, Francis Hendriks: The Last Great Cavalry Charge-The Battle of the Silver Helmets-Halen. Fonthill Media, Stroud 2015, ISBN 1-78155-183-9 .
  • Kurt von Unger : History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892.

Printed sources

  • Brief history of the 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. In: Mecklenburgische Zeitung. Sunday supplement No. 4, Schwerin October 7, 1894.

Unprinted sources

Web links

Commons : 2. Großherzoglich Mecklenburgisches Dragoon Regiment No. 18  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ R. von Haber: Cavalry of the German Empire. The same origin, development and history. Hellwing Verlagbuchhandlung, Hanover 1877, 136f.
  2. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 4.
  3. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 9.
  4. ↑ a b Klaus-Ulrich Keubke: Listed according to rank, the transfer of the Mecklenburg officers to the Prussian army in 1868. Mecklenburg-Magazin, regional supplement of the SVZ , Landesverlags- u. Druckgesellschaft, Schwerin 1995, No. 21, p. 6.
  5. ^ Negotiations of the German Reichstag in 1873. Document No. 18. Accessed on September 21, 2016 .
  6. ^ Paul von Schmidt: The career of the Prussian army. Publisher by Karl Hermann Düms, Berlin 1903, p. 301.
  7. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 218.
  8. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 15 ff.
  9. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 298.
  10. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 235.
  11. ^ Reinhard Parchmann: Military buildings in Mecklenburg 1800-1918. (Ed.) Writings of the studio for portrait and history painting, Schwerin 2001, p. 50.
  12. ↑ a b A. Guttstadt (Ed.): Hospital Lexicon for the German Empire . Publishing house by Georg Reimer, Berlin 1900, p. 788 .
  13. ↑ a b Fischer: The 17th Division in the campaign 1870-71. F. Schneider & Comp., Berlin 1872, pp. 1-28.
  14. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 50.
  15. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 51.
  16. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 52.
  17. ↑ Bernd Kasten: The entry of the Mecklenburg troops into Schwerin on June 14, 1871 in picture and reality. Mecklenburg Yearbooks, Volume 125, Association for Mecklenburg History a. Antiquity, Schwerin 2010, pp. 251–266.
  18. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 65f.
  19. ↑ a b c According to the regimental order of July 29, 1870, the 5th Squadron was called 1st Squadron during the mobilized conditions.
  20. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 68.
  21. ↑ a b Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18.
  22. ^ Fischer: The 17th Division in the campaign 1870-71.
  23. ↑ Great General Staff (ed.): Battle calendar of the Franco-German war.
  24. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, Appendix 5.
  25. ^ Rudolf von Borries: Army cavalry in war of movement. (Ed.) Army Inspection of Education and Training, Berlin 1928, p. 79.
  26. ^ Gunter Spraul: Der Franktireurkrieg 1914: Investigations into the decay of a science and dealing with national myths. Frank & Timme GmbH, Berlin 2016, p. 608, ISBN 978-3-73290-2-422 .
  27. ↑ Heribert v. Larisch: The 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 in World War 1914–1918. Verlag Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1924, p. 24 f.
  28. ↑ a b c Mecklenburg's sons in the World War. Booklet 13, (Ed.) Verlag der Carl Boldschen Hofbuchdruckerei, Rostock 1915, p. 331.
  29. ↑ Company of the “6. Cavalry Corps “against the Russian rearward connections during the battle of Vilna in September 1915. In: Rudolf von Borries: Heereskavallerie im mobilkrieg. (Ed.) Army Inspection of Education, Berlin 1928, pp. 110–118.
  30. ↑ (Ed.) Reichsarchiv: The World War 1914 to 1918. The military operations on land. Volume XII., ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1939, p. 5.
  31. ↑ (Ed.) Reichsarchiv: The World War 1914 to 1918. The military operations on land. Volume XIII. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1942, p. 193, enclosure 13, 18.
  32. ^ Paul Freiherr von Troschke: History of the 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17. Volume 2, Verlag Bernard & Graefe, Berlin 1938. P. 36–57.
  33. ↑ a b c d M. v. Posek: The German cavalry in Belgium and France in 1914. Published by ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1922, p. 21 ff.
  34. ↑ a b c d Alfred Satter: The German Cavalry in World War I , Verlag Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt 2004, p. 95 ff.
  35. ^ Exercise regulations for the cavalry of April 3, 1909 , published by ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1909, items 440–443.
  36. ^ A b c Moritz Schäfer (Ed.): Mecklenburgs Sons in World War I. Verlag der Boldschen Hofbuchdruckerei, Rostock 1915, pp. 328–333.
  37. ↑ a b c Maximilian von Poseck: The German cavalry 1914 in Belgium and France. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1922, p. 77 f.
  38. ^ Artillery in World War I, 1914–1918. (Ed.) Bernard Fitzsimons, Wilhelm Heyne Verlag, p. 11 ff, ISBN 3-453-52029-7 .
  39. ↑ Heribert von Larisch: The 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18 in the World War 1914-1918. Verlag Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1924, p. 48 f.
  40. ↑ a b c d e f g h Rudolf von Borries: Heereskavallerie im mobile war. (Ed.) Heeresinspektion des Erziehungs- und Bildungswesens, Berlin 1928, pp. 110–117.
  41. ^ Great General Staff (ed.): Battles and Skirmishes of the Great War 1914–1918.
  42. ^ Reichsarchiv (ed.): Hall of fame of our old army.
  43. ^ Reichsarchiv (Ed.): The World War 1914 to 1918. The military operations on land. Volume I. to XIV.
  44. ^ A b Wolfgang Neumann: From the Prussian Army Corps to the Pomeranian Infantry Division: Mecklenburg Troops in the Reichswehr 1919–1934. Mecklenburg-Magazin, regional supplement of the SVZ, Landesverlags- u. Druckgesellschaft, Schwerin 1992, No. 23, p. 4.
  45. ^ Paul Freiherr von Troschke: History of the 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17. Volume 2, Verlag Bernard & Graefe, Berlin 1938. P. 390.
  46. ^ Klaus-Christian Richter: The field gray riders. The mounted troops in the Reichswehr and Wehrmacht. (Licensed edition) Weltbild Verlag GmbH, Augsburg 1994, p. 144.
  47. ↑ a b Klaus-Christian Richter: The field gray riders. The mounted troops in the Reichswehr and Wehrmacht. (Licensed edition) Weltbild Verlag GmbH, Augsburg 1994, p. 13.
  48. ^ Klaus-Christian Richter: The field gray riders. The mounted troops in the Reichswehr and Wehrmacht. (Licensed edition) Weltbild Verlag GmbH, Augsburg 1994, p. 124.
  49. ↑ v. Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18.
  50. ↑ v. Seeler: History of the 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17.
  51. ^ Kaehler: The Prussian cavalry from 1806 to 1876 in their internal development.
  52. ^ Memories of the imperial days in Hanover August 26-29, 1907. Verlag der Göhmannschen Buchdruckerei, Hanover 1907.
  53. ↑ The World War 1914 to 1918. The military operations on land. Volume I. to XIV.
  54. ↑ Maximilian von Posek: The German cavalry 1914 in Belgium and France. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1922, Annex 3.
  55. ^ A b c Reichsarchiv (ed.): The World War 1914 to 1918. The military operations on land. Volume VII., ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1931, p. 459.
  56. ^ Hermann Cron: History of the German Army in World Wars 1914-1918. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1990, p. 109.
  57. ↑ a b depictions from the post-war battles of German troops and free corps. Volume I, (Ed.) Research Institute for War and Army History, ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1936, p. 181.
  58. ↑ Klaus-Ulrich Keubke, Ralf Mumm: Mecklenburg Military History 1701-1918. Series of publications on the history of Mecklenburg, (Ed.) APH, Schwerin 2000, pp. 73 ff.
  59. ^ Alfred Satter: The German cavalry in the First World War. Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt 2004, p. 90.
  60. ↑ Representations from the post-war battles of German troops and Freikorps. Volume I, (Ed.) Research Institute for War and Army History, ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1936, p. 182.
  61. ↑ The British General Staff (Ed.): Handbook of the German Army in the War. January 1917. (reprint) Wakefield 1973, p. 55.
  62. ^ A b Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 242.
  63. ↑ a b c d e Erna Keubke: Kleine Mecklenburgische Uniformkunde No. 30. Cornflower-Blue Dragoons , Mecklenburg-Magazin, regional supplement of the SVZ, Landesverlags- u. Druckgesellschaft Schwerin 1997, No. 18, p. 20.
  64. ^ Richard Knötel: Handbuch der Uniformkunde. Publishing bookstore by JJ Weber, Leipzig 1896, p. 148.
  65. ↑ Intended for cleaning the ignition hole on the carabiner.
  66. ↑ The color of the badge was changed between 1892 and 1896.
  67. ↑ AKO No. 735 of September 21, 1915, regarding changes to the uniforms of officers and men.
  68. ↑ Freiherr von den Osten-Sacken: Germany's army in war and peace uniform. PM Weber Verlag, Berlin 1916, pp. 5-34.
  69. ↑ Freiherr von den Osten-Sacken: Germany's army in war and peace uniform. PM Weber Verlag, Berlin 1916, p. 9.
  70. ↑ Freiherr von den Osten-Sacken: Germany's army in war and peace uniform. PM Weber Verlag, Berlin 1916, p. 11.
  71. ↑ a b Theodor A. Kalkbrenner: The royal Prussian army marches. Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig 1896, p. 72.
  72. ↑ Paul von Seeler: History of the 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1885, p. 40.
  73. ↑ Paul von Seeler: History of the 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1885, p. 137.
  74. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 285.
  75. ↑ The briefing for the 1888 model was carried out by an officer of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Grenadier Regiment No. 89
  76. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 13.
  77. ^ Prussian Army Ordinance Sheet No. 119: Construction changes to the Mecklenburg model of cavalry saber. dated April 22, 1880.
  78. ↑ a b Klaus-Christian Richter: The field gray riders. The mounted troops in the Reichswehr and Wehrmacht. (Licensed edition) Weltbild Verlag GmbH, Augsburg 1994, p. 15 ff.
  79. ^ AKO of September 26, 1889, order to arm the entire German cavalry with lances
  80. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 287.
  81. ^ Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 210 f.
  82. ↑ Rudolf Hansilian, Fr. Bergendorff: The chemical war gas attack, defense gas and smoke generation. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1925, p. 158.
  83. ↑ Paul von Seeler: History of the 1st Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 17. ES Mittler and Son, Berlin 1885, p. 145.
  84. ^ A b Curt von Unger: History of the 2nd Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Dragoon Regiment No. 18. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1892, p. 288.
  85. ^ A b c Günter W. Gellermann: The war that did not take place. Bernard & Graefe, Koblenz 1986, p. 34 f.
  86. ^ Grand-Ducal Mecklenburg-Schwerin State Calendar. u. Mecklenburg-Schwerin State Handbook. , Born 1896–1913.
  87. ↑ Wolfgang Kaelcke: Parchim in old views. European Library, Zaltbommel 1993, p. 31.
  88. ↑ Wolfgang Kaelcke: Parchim in old views. European Library, Zaltbommel 1993, p. 45.
  89. ^ A b Ludwig Arndt: Military associations in Northern Germany: Club life, badges, awards, monuments. Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2008, p. 75.
  90. ^ Grand Ducal Statistical Office (Ed.): Grossherzoglich Mecklenburg-Schwerinscher Staatskalender 1902. Verlag der Bärensprungschen Hofbuchdruckerei, Schwerin 1902, p. 235.
  91. ^ Grand Ducal Statistical Office (ed.): Grossherzoglich Mecklenburg-Schwerinscher Staatskalender 1903. Verlag der Bärensprungschen Hofbuchdruckerei, Schwerin 1903, p. 234 f.
  92. ↑ Dermot Bradley , Markus Rövekamp, ​​Ernest Henriot (ed.): Die Generale des Heeres 1921-1945. The military careers of the generals, as well as the doctors, veterinarians, intendants, judges and ministerial officials with the rank of general . Volume 7: Knabe – Luz . Biblio-Verlag, Bissendorf 2004, ISBN 978-3-764829-02-5 , p. 394 f.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Assigned to lead the regimental commander who was sick.
  1. ↑ in charge of the tour
  2. ↑ in charge of the tour
  3. ↑ in charge of the tour