Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm" No. 90

Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm" No. 90
active	November 5, 1863 to February 1919
Country	Mecklenburg
Armed forces	Prussian Army
Branch of service	infantry
Type	regiment
Insinuation	See submission
Location	See locations
Former locations	Rostock , Wismar , Schwerin
march	Loigny march
Anniversaries	Foundation Day July 12, 1788
management
Commanders	See commanders

The Grand Ducal Mecklenburgisches Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm" No. 90 was an infantry joined the Prussian army .

history

The Mecklenburg troops had already partly in Spanish Succession wars fought as Dutch auxiliary troops. As a result of the subsidy treaty concluded in 1788 between Duke Friedrich Franz of Mecklenburg and the Dutch heir Prince Wilhelm of Orange, the infantry regiment "von Gluer" - from 1790 infantry regiment "von Pressentin" - until 1795 served in Dutch pay. In November 1806 Mecklenburg-Schwerin was occupied by the French 8th Army Corps and lost its independence. Thereupon the Mecklenburg troops were released. The regiment had to surrender its weapons, leaving the officers their swords and the NCOs their sabers. With the reinstatement of the Duke on May 27, 1807, Mecklenburg-Schwerin regained its independence. In the following year Mecklenburg-Schwerin joined the Rhine Confederation on March 22, 1808 . Then the Mecklenburg Brigade formed four battalions with six companies each. The structure corresponded to the French model. The former Regiment Hereditary Prince was no longer set up as an independent association in the course of the new formation, but as a III. Battalion integrated into the brigade. On February 25, 1809, Friedrich Franz I issued the "Patent Ordinance on Recruiting". As a result, the military structure and military law based on the French model was adopted. The year 1809 brought further changes. So on March 11th the Infantry Contingent Brigade was formed. The brigade was almost completely destroyed in 1812 during the Russian campaign. In March 1813, the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin left the Confederation of the Rhine.

With the accession to the North German Confederation , the re-formation and reinforcement of the Mecklenburg troops went hand in hand. The infantry was formed into a brigade of two regiments. This formation took place on October 1, 1867. The first recruitment took place on November 1. The regiment then had a strength of 43 officers, 1,651 NCOs and men. As a result, the brigade entered under the designation 34th Infantry Brigade of the 17th Division in the Association of the IX. Corps . With the accession to the North German Confederation, general conscription also made its entry. In addition, the Prussian military legislation was introduced. Changes were also evident in equipment and uniforms. Mecklenburg-Schwerin, represented by Gustav von Pritzelwitz , concluded a military convention on July 24, 1868 with Prussia, represented by Eberhard von Hartmann , which regulated the transfer of officers to the Prussian army. On September 11, 1868, a parade of the 17th Division in front of King Wilhelm I took place in Groß Rogahn , which symbolically sealed the entry into the Prussian army.

On the basis of the military convention concluded in 1872, the Mecklenburg troop units became fully part of the budget of the Prussian army on January 1, 1873 . The Prussian army was responsible for the remuneration and supplies for the soldiers, as did all equipment for the troops. The Grand Dukes then gave up their authority. However, ownership rights to the military buildings and real estate remained unaffected by the convention. The regiment had now been incorporated into the Prussian army. In Article 9 of the Convention, the Mecklenburg regiments continued to be given the name “Großherzoglich Mecklenburgisch”.

As announced for the 25th anniversary of the throne on June 16, 1913, Wilhelm II visited the regiment on August 10 for the 125th anniversary of its establishment for the last time in the walls of the Rostock garrison. The regiment gave the emperor and head of the regiment a solemn reception.

Trunk and formation

The “Jensen” infantry regiment was established in Rostock in 1748. In 1754, the regimental leader, Colonel Jensen, retired. Colonel von Zülow then took over the position of head of the regiment. From this point on, the regiment was given the name “Jung-Zülow” infantry regiment. The regiment was now divided into five companies. Each company had a manpower of 80 men. On March 12, 1763, Colonel Dietrich von Gluer took over the regiment, whereupon it was given the name "von Gluer" infantry regiment. In the spring of 1788 the regiment was increased by further companies. From which two battalions subsequently formed. On July 12th of the same year the ceremonial handover of the advancing flag and the retrier flag took place in Rostock on the old market. The regimental preacher Georg Belitz took over the consecration of the new flags. The date of this ceremony was later set as the regiment's foundation date. However, the regiment was established as early as 1748. By order of September 15, 1797, Duke Friedrich Franz awarded the regiment to the Hereditary Prince Friedrich Ludwig . From this point on it was called the Hereditary Prince Infantry Regiment. In the course of its existence, the regiment was reformed several times.

The infantry regiment "von Gluer" formed the trunk of the "Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment 'Kaiser Wilhelm' No. 90". From January 30, 1873, the regiment was called "Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment 'Kaiser Wilhelm' No. 90".

Family table of the regiment

Formations 1748–1873

• 1748 - Establishment of the "Jensen" infantry regiment
• 1754 - Infantry Regiment "Jung-Zülow"
• 1763 - Infantry Regiment "von Gluer"
• 1790 - Infantry Regiment "von Pressentin"
• 1797 - Infantry Regiment "Hereditary Prince"
• 1808 - Formation of the Mecklenburg Brigade
  • III. battalion
• 1809 - Formation for the Infantry Contingent Brigade
  • II Battalion
• 1813 - Formation to the infantry regiment
  • II Battalion
    • 1821 - II Musketeer Battalion
• 1850 - Formation of the Grand Duke Mecklenburg Division
  • II Battalion
    • 1857 - III. battalion
• 1863 - Formation to the 2nd Infantry Regiment
  • III. battalion
• 1867 - on October 1st, formation of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90
  • I. Battalion

Assignments and statements

Lineup

As a result of the introduction of the two-year service period for teams, there was a significant increase in the number of employees from 1893.

On the basis of the AKO of August 11, 1893, the formation of IV (half) battalions in each infantry regiment was ordered, this had to be done by October 2. On this order, an IV (half) battalion was also formed in the Fusilier Regiment.

In the course of the First World War, the regiment was reformed and expanded several times. In February 1915, the regiment was expanded by a 13th and 14th company. In the following year 1916, the regiment was expanded by a 2nd and 3rd machine gun company in June and October 1 . These were the II. And III. Battalion assigned. In the Rostock barracks, further units were formed in the course of the war, so in October 1916 a battalion for the 409 infantry regiment was set up. In the following January 1917, another battalion was set up, which was then handed over to Infantry Regiment No. 463. A total of six battalions were set up in the Ulmenstrasse barracks during the course of the World War.

The last change in the own formation association took place on August 28, 1918 with the establishment of a mine throwing company.

Assignments

• On March 30, 1877, a non-commissioned officer and 5 fusiliers were given to the 1st Rhenish Infantry Regiment No. 25 to form a railway regiment.
• On April 10, 1881, the 3rd Company was surrendered to the newly formed Infantry Regiment No. 128 in Danzig. The 3rd Company was promptly reorganized.
• On April 2, 1887, the 4th Company was handed over to the 6th Company of Infantry Regiment No. 137 in Hagenau. The 4th Company was re-formed promptly.
• On April 1, 1897, the IV. (Half) Battalion, formed in 1893, was transferred to Infantry Regiment No. 162 in Lübeck .
• On May 13, 1915, the 13th and 14th Companies were handed over to the newly established "Infantry Regiment No. 187".

Locations

Rostock, Ulmenstrasse barracks

View from the parade ground to the Rostock barracks in Ulmenstrasse

• 1788–1797 Rostock
• 1797–1806 Rostock, Waren and Penzlin
• 1808–1863 Rostock
  • 1857–1863 Schwerin (IV Battalion)
• 1863–1867 Schwerin
• 1867–1919 Rostock and Wismar

Wismar garrison

• 1848 - New construction of a garrison hospital in Altwismarer Strasse.
• 1857 - New building of the Hauptwache on the market.
• 1881 - Conversion of the provision house to Quartierhaus I. in Mühlenstrasse.
• 1882 - Conversion of the provision house into Quartierhaus II. In Scheuerstraße.
• 1901 - The armory in Ulmenstrasse is converted into a barracks.
• 1903 - The officers' dining establishment is built in Altwismarer Strasse.

Rostock garrison

• 1818 - the existing building on Blücher-Platz is converted into the Hauptwache.
• 1878 - New construction of the infantry barracks for the Rostock Fusiliers in Ulmenstrasse.
• 1908 - New MG company barracks at the corner of Hansa- / Ulmenstraße.

The officers' dining establishment of the Rostock garrison was on Wismarschen Strasse.

Mission history

In the service of the Netherlands

In January 1788, Prussian troops had left the Netherlands after fighting the patriot unrest. The reinstated heir, Prince Wilhelm of Orange, had to use the services of other foreign troops. These should stop the possible uproar in the country. The Duke Friedrich Franz zu Mecklenburg therefore concluded a subsidy treaty with the reinstated inheritance holder for three years, which was extended several times. 1000 men were sent from Mecklenburg for this expedition , including the “von Gluer” regiment. The Subsidien Corps was formed in Schwerin , from the Musketeer Regiment under the command of Major General Dietrich von Gluer with its two battalions of four companies each and the Grenadier Regiment "von Both" under the command of Colonel Leopold Winter. Major General Dietrich von Gluer is appointed chief of the Subsidien Corps. On July 29th the corps marched towards Boizenburg. In Boizenburg , the troops were embarked on Elbe barges on July 31, which then departed for Hamburg and arrived there on August 4. From Hamburg the Dutch fleet took care of the onward transport of the troops to Herzogenbusch an der Maas , where it arrived on August 31st. On December 10, 1790, Colonel Otto Bernard von Pressentin took command of the Mecklenburg Corps after Major General von Gluer was recalled to Mecklenburg. There was no fighting until 1792. In 1793 Holland joined the union of the European powers against France. France then declared war on Holland on February 1, 1793. In 1793 the Mecklenburg Corps temporarily joined the Prussian Army Corps and participated in the siege of Breda , which lasted several weeks . At the end of May 1793 the troops moved to Bergen op Zoom to occupy the forts on the banks of the Scheldt . From here, the battalion moved back to Breda in September, the deployment at the Breda fortress lasted until December. A stay in Bergen op Zoom followed until March, when the Allied troops began to move forward, and the Mecklenburgers also left the city. In March 1794, the Mecklenburg Corps, together with Dutch and Austrian troops, moved to Maastricht fortress to defend it from the enemy. The siege of the fortress began in September. The circumstances and the heavy bombing by the French troops that lasted for weeks forced the occupation to capitulate on November 4th. The crew was granted the honorable withdrawal. The Mecklenburg Corps laid down their arms at the gates of Maastricht. The move to Utrecht followed , where the corps took part in the suppression of a popular uprising. Which led to popular hostility. At the beginning of 1795 a mutiny broke out among the musketeers of the "Musketeer Battalions" due to late payment of wages. One of the ringleaders named a musketeer Hennemann. This is on the orders of Major v. Press officer punished with "40" strokes with the stick. After the incidents, Colonel Winter tried to separate the "Grenadier Battalion" from the "Musketeer Battalion" in order to prevent the indiscipline from spreading. After the return of the corps, the events within the musketeer battalions as well as the behavior of some officers should result in a court martial. Some of the officers were sentenced to imprisonment in the fortress Dömitz. At the end of 1795 Duke Friedrich Franz zu Mecklenburg finally managed to get his troops free from the Dutch service. On January 2, 1796, the Subsidienkorps began the march back towards Mecklenburg. The first officers arrived in Boizenburg on January 16th, and over time the regiment gathered. From here, the units returned to their respective locations.

The regiment was reduced to six companies. There remained 21 officers, 42 NCOs, 6 field shearers , 18 minstrels and 360 commons in this regiment.

Coalition Wars and Wars of Liberation

On November 27, 1806, the 8th French Army Corps under the command of General Michaud occupied the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and on the following day the Duchy was taken over by the French Emperor. The events of 1805 were used as a reason, and General Laval then took over the office of governor on December 13th. Duke Friedrich Franz I and his family received the deportation order on December 22nd and went to Hamburg-Altona, where they found a new home under Danish protection. On Russian intervention, Duke Friedrich Franz I was reinstated in May 1807. The Duke therefore returned to Schwerin on July 11th, where he was received by an enthusiastic crowd. The following November, General Laval and his troops vacated the duchy. But as early as February 1808, the 67th French line regiment was sent to Mecklenburg to enforce the continental barrier, the regiment moved into quarters in Wismar. While the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz joined the Rhine Confederation on February 18, 1808, Mecklenburg-Schwerin followed suit on March 22, 1808 with its declaration of membership. On February 25, 1809, Duke Friedrich Franz I issued the "Patent Ordinance on Recruiting" in order to be able to provide the required Rhine Confederation contingent. French military law and the organizational structure of the French military were subsequently introduced.

Continental barrier

→ Main article : Continental barrier

Napoleon imposed an economic blockade on England, the so-called continental blockade . This became binding for occupied Mecklenburg on December 6, 1806. Responsibility for coastal protection and enforcing the lock was transferred to the Mecklenburg military on May 23, 1808, and the French military then withdrew from this task. The coastline was divided into four command areas. More than 1,100 Mecklenburg soldiers were on guard duty on the coasts, and the III. Battalion of the "Mecklenburg Brigade".

Command sections:

1. Wendorf fortification , coastal section Wismar to Elmenhorst .
2. Fährdorfer Schanze , Poel Island.
3. Coast section west, Rostock to Warnemünde , fortifications Warnemünde and at Meeschendorf.
4. East coast, from Rostock to Wustrow .

In August 1810, the Mecklenburg troops were reinforced again by French regiments under the command of General d'Alton, and there were doubts about the Mecklenburgers' loyalty. Despite further reinforcement of the troop contingent, the block could never be fully enforced.

Occupation Swedish Pomerania

In 1809, there was a state of war between Sweden and France. The Mecklenburg troop contingent was ordered to occupy Swedish Pomerania, this order reached the troops on March 3rd. From the II. And III. Battalion therefore formed an independent regiment. The teams of the 1st and 4th battalions (if they were fit for service) were integrated into the other two battalions. A total of 600 men could be made available in this way. The march off took place on March 16, and the regiment arrived in their area of ​​operation in and around Stralsund on March 18. The service in the occupied area consisted of several hours of drills in the barracks and the training of recruits for their own crew.

Schill's invasion

The battle area near Damgarten, battle with the Schill Corps on May 24, 1809

The monotonous barracks service only ended with the news that Schill's corps was approaching . Ferdinand von Schill had numerous sympathizers among the regiment's men. However, there was a battle between the Mecklenburg companies - which were under the command of the French generals - and the Schill Jäger on May 24th near Damgarten to prevent them from advancing on Stralsund. The Mecklenburgers had to withdraw from this after the last ammunition had been used up, and the Schill Hussars pursued them. Some of the Mecklenburgers fled to the northeast. Schill was able to take the occupation of Stralsund by surprise, but he and his troops could not hold the city for long. He was killed in a street fight on May 31, 1809, and the French General Gratien took over the occupation of the city. The remnants of the 2nd Battalion then marched to Greifswald to regroup. After this was done, the battalion moved back into Stralsund, where the 1st battalion of the contingent regiment had also returned. As a result of the peace agreement between Sweden and France , the contingent regiment returned to Mecklenburg in March 1810 under the command of General von Fallois. Here the officers and men were again waiting for the coastal protection service to enforce the continental barrier.

Coalition Wars 1800–1814

→ Main article : coalition wars

Campaign against Russia in 1812

Crossing the Berezina in November 1812

On February 5, 1812, the ducal government received the order to keep their Rhine Confederation contingent the size of an infantry regiment ready to march on February 15. Due to the short time, the target strength could not be achieved, so that the march was delayed until the beginning of March. The students from the Rostock military school were also integrated into the regiment. In addition, 180 patients remained at the site when they left. To make matters worse was the fact that the regiment's equipment was inadequate, which was clearly shown by the deficiencies in the soldiers' clothing. The regiment now moved towards Stettin under the orders of Major General Joseph von Fallois (1766–1835). Here General Defaix discovered the inadequate equipment of the Mecklenburgers during an inspection. The regiment was marched on his orders to Danzig to complete the equipment. After this was done, it went towards Königsberg . On the advance, the Schwerin regiment was only used for escorting the transport and for guard duty. The regiment's first task was to escort a large load of flour that was to be transported to Vilnius . The regiment crossed the Russian border on June 25, 1812. The desperate circumstances and the great heat led to numerous sick leave in the regiment; when they arrived in Vilnius, 300 deaths from the ranks of the regiment were to be mourned. When leaving Vilna for Smolensk on September 21, another 500 soldiers were missing, they were either no longer able to march or died of illness. Smolensk was reached on October 9th, the Mecklenburg troops found a burned down town. The destruction was the result of the battle of August 17th. On October 13th, the regiment was used as an escort for a war chest, this should be transported from Smolensk to Dorogorbusch. On October 18, the war chest arrives at its destination. Major General Joseph von Fallois left the regiment on October 23 under the pretext of bad equipment and bad men, which amounted to a desertion . The command took over Major von Moltke, who died in the further course of the campaign of the adverse circumstances and the resulting hardships. A detachment of 150 soldiers under the command of Captain von Berg emerged victorious from a skirmish against Russian troops near Jelnia on October 25th. A detachment commanded by Hauptmann von Spitznaß accompanied a transport of the wounded, when this detachment reached the Beresina the temperature was already −18 degrees. This division had enemy contact here, the battle led to high losses on the part of the Mecklenburgers. The cold also took its toll on this department, when the department returned to Vilna, of 180 men, only 2 lieutenants and 8 soldiers were still alive. The regiment or its main part in Dorogobusch only had a total strength of 300 men on November 4th. They then withdrew, and poor clothing and poor diet claimed further victims in the freezing cold. In cooperation with the Polish Dombrowski Legion , the Russian bridgehead near Borisov was stormed on November 21. The icy Berezina was crossed on November 27th and 29th, the chaotic conditions and the winter weather caused further losses in the ranks of the regiment. On December 16, 35 men came to Königsberg, the loss of life was devastating. At the end of January 1813, the survivors returned to Mecklenburg. On February 1, the remnants of the Mecklenburg contingent troops returned to Rostock.

Deployment of the Schwerin contingent in 1812

Map 1812 Russia Campaign

(Source: The Mecklenburgers in the Russian campaign in 1812)

June

• June 14th - arrival in Königsberg
• June 16 - accompaniment of flour transport to Kovno
• June 20 - the II Battalion arrival at Gumbinnen
• June 24th - 1st battalion and regimental staff passed over the Niemen
• June 25th - Arrival of the 2nd Battalion in Kovno
• June 26th - 2nd Battalion escorting flour transport to Vilnius

July

• 0July 4th - 2nd Battalion arrival in Vilnius
• July 13th - Arrival of the 1st Battalion in Vilnius
• July 26th - participation in parade in Vilnius

August

• August 11 - the "2. Musketeer Company von Lützow “had to execute death sentences by shooting two French and two Portuguese

September

• 0September 3 - the regiment is subordinated to the 9th Army Corps under Marshall Victor
• 0September 7th - Battle of Borodino
• September 21 - regiment breaks toward Minsk on
• September 27th - Departure from Minsk towards Borisov
• September 29th - Crossing the Berezina and arriving in Borisov

October

• 0October 4th - the regiment passed the Dnieper
• 0October 9 - arrival in Smolensk
• October 18th - arrival in Dorogobusch
• October 24th - "Detachments of Captain von Berg", escort for General Baraguay d'Hilliers to Jelnia
• October 25th - “Mountain Department” Arrival in Jelnia
• October 26th - Night battle of the "Division of Berg"
• October 28th - Return of the " Detachment von Berg" to Dorogobusch
• October 31 - Captain von Spitznaas, escorting the transport of the wounded to Smolensk

November

• 0November 4th - Regiment received orders to step up to rear guard under Marshall Ney
• 0November 7th - The Mecklenburgers received orders to hold a bridge over the Dnieper
• 0November 9th - Skirmishes with Russian troops, Lieutenant von Suckow is captured
• November 14th - the regiment enters Smolensk
• 16. u. November 17th - Russians attacked the Mecklenburg bivouac at night
• November 17th - The Mecklenburgers used to cover the artillery in the battle near Krasnoi
• November 20 - Escort for the baggage of Prince zu Eckmühl , defense against attacks by the Russians
• November 23rd - Battle near Borisov, "Spitznaas division" takes part in the battle
• November 25th - "Detachement von Spitznaas", position of honor guard for Napoleon
• November 26th - "Division of Spitznaas" accompanied by the prison column that was to be escorted from Smolensk. Beginning of building bridges over the Beresina. March towards Vilna.
• November 27th - Crossing the Berezina, attack by Russian troops on both banks

December

• 0December 5th - arrival in Vilnius
• December 10th - The regiment leaves Vilnius, regiment strength at only 90 men
• December 12th - Crossing over the Niemen, reaching the eastern border

losses

• Officers: 25 dead
• Teams: 1563 dead

Exit from the Rhine Confederation

On March 14th, the Russian Colonel von Tettenborn advanced with his corps in Ludwigslust, he gave Duke Friedrich Franz I on behalf of Tsar Alexander I the request to join the fight against the French. Duke Friedrich Franz I was the first prince of the Confederation of the Rhine to renounce Napoleon on March 25th and stood on the side of Russia and Prussia. On the same day he issued a call for voluntary hunter corps to be established, which should base their base on voluntary donations of material and money. Güstrow became the center of the establishment of these voluntary associations.

Wars of Liberation 1813–15

→ Main article : Wars of Liberation

1813-1814

1813, retreat area for French and Danish troops around Ratzeburg

The regular troops and the volunteer associations from Mecklenburg-Schwerin took part primarily in military operations in northern Germany. While the voluntary hussar regiment (C hussars) set up by Duke Carl zu Mecklenburg-Strelitz was also involved in the campaigns in Silesia and Saxony.

The regiment was called "Infantry Regiment" from March 1813 and was formed into two battalions, each with 4th companies. The 2nd Battalion later formed the trunk for the fusilier regiment. Colonel von Pressentin was appointed commander of the regiment, and the 2nd Battalion was under the command of Colonel von Kamptz. In the course of the reorganization, the introduction of the British musket as armament began.

The regiment was integrated into the Mecklenburg Brigade, which was under the command of the Russian General von Wallmoden . His troops had the task of taking action against the French on the Lower Elbe. The Mecklenburg infantry regiment joined the Allied units in the Boizenburg area in the middle of May 1813. The regiment took up its first position near Boizenburg. From this position it advanced towards Hamburg. On May 27th, the 2nd Battalion moved to Allermöhe near Bollwerder near Hamburg. Tettenborn had to evacuate Hamburg on May 28th, and the French Marshal Davout then occupied the city with his and Danish troops. The French troops wanted to pursue the withdrawing Tettenborn Corps. On the Elbe near Ochsenwerder, the 2nd battalion, Dessau hunters and the French troops fought at the Nettelnburg lock . The battalion and the hunters were able to maintain the strategically important point and prevent the French from crossing over. It suffered losses of a total of 30 men, and the commander of the 2nd Battalion, Colonel Kamptz, had been wounded.

On June 5, a negotiated armistice came into force, and the regiment then temporarily returned to Mecklenburg. Crown Prince Bernadotte of Sweden was given supreme command over the Allied troops of the Northern Army.

The Mecklenburg troops were placed under the division of General Eberhard von Vegesack . The Crown Prince arranged for the Mecklenburg Brigade to be reinforced by 650 men. Each company was assigned 30 men as reinforcements. General von Vegesack's division consisted of 3 Mecklenburg battalions, 1 Jäger battalion, 4 squadrons of hunters on horseback and 2 squadrons of Frei-Hussars von Schill. A total of 5395 men were under arms, plus twelve guns.

After the end of the armistice on August 17th, fighting broke out again. As a result, Schwerin was occupied by the French. From the Mecklenburg Brigade only the hunters were involved in the fighting during this time. In the course of September, the French and Danes withdrew to the area around Ratzeburg. During this period there were multiple front shifts and skirmishes on the Mecklenburg western border. As a result of the Battle of Leipzig, the French and Danes evacuated large parts of northern Germany. The Allies pursued them, and there were minor skirmishes. On December 15, the armistice was concluded, and the Mecklenburg Brigade moved into Lübeck immediately after it was concluded. The Mecklenburgers stayed here until February 2, 1814. Then the march towards France was ordered, at which time the Hereditary Prince Friedrich Ludwig took over the supreme command of the Mecklenburg brigade. The march towards Jülich followed , and the brigade crossed the Rhine on March 6th. In Jülich, the Mecklenburg Brigade replaced the Lützow Corps in the siege of the city. The city was occupied by Swiss and French at that time. The besieged dared to attempt an escape, which was stopped after a short but fierce battle. On April 28, the Mecklenburg brigade was relieved. The march back to Mecklenburg began on June 7th from the quarter in Breviers. On July 11, 1814, the Mecklenburg brigade and the infantry regiment made a ceremonial entry into Schwerin. The infantry regiment was distributed to several cities. The 1st battalion marched to Wismar, one company of the battalion was relocated to Bützow. The 3rd companies of the 2nd Battalion remained in Rostock, the 4th Company was transferred to Güstrow.

1815

After Napoleon came to power again in France, the Duke ordered the mobilization of line troops and the establishment of Landwehr battalions on April 2, 1815. On June 6th, the 1st Battalion moved from Rostock to unite with its 4th Company in Bützow. Colonel von Both commanded the regiment, while the Hereditary Grand Duke took command of the brigade. Together with the 2nd Battalion, the brigade had a strength of 3,122 men and 113 officers. The direction of march was Cologne, here the Mecklenburgers were incorporated into the Hessen-Homburg division. The main task of the association was the siege of fortresses, initially the inclusion of the fortress of Montmedy. Shortly afterwards the brigade was split up, half of which, under the orders of the Hereditary Grand Duke, were designated the 1st Division. This took an observation position at the forts of Metz and Thionville. The other half of the brigade - now known as the 2nd Division - joined the Longwy Siege Corps. Eight days after the arrival of the Mecklenburg Association, the Longwy fortress capitulated. Napoleon's power was finally broken at the Battle of Waterloo . The acts of war were stopped. On November 3, the order came to march back, at Lenzen the brigade crossed the Elbe in difficult ice conditions. The Grand Duke had a parade held in Ludwigslust on December 12th. At his order, the two infantry battalions reassembled into one regiment. On December 17, 1815, the troops returned to the garrison town of Rostock.

Schleswig-Holstein survey 1848

→ Main article : Schleswig-Holstein survey

In 1848 there was a military conflict between the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein and the German Confederation with the Kingdom of Denmark , the so-called Schleswig-Holstein Uprising. The Mecklenburg troops were integrated into the X Federal Corps . In April 1848, a half-brigade was mobilized, into which the II. Musketeer Battalion under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Otto von Raven II. Was incorporated. The 2nd Battalion started moving on April 9th ​​in the direction of Schwerin, where it arrived on April 12th. Here, Lieutenant Colonel Otto von Raven II took command of the half-brigade. Major Quistorp temporarily took command of the 2nd Battalion. The Mecklenburg brigade set off in the direction of Segeberg on April 14th, where it was transported by rail to Rendsburg. The association arrived here on April 20th. The Mecklenburg troops joined forces with the Oldenburg units to form a brigade. On April 27th, the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Company was transferred to Satrup, and the 1st Company to Reventlow Castle , followed by outpost service along the coastline. In the period from May 12th to 14th, the battalion bivouacked in the Düppeler mountains or was located in the quarter in Nübel. During that time one could observe the offensive troop movements of the Danes. On May 16, the Danes managed to rebuild a bridgehead on the mainland under fire protection from their warships . At this point the 2nd Battalion of the Brigade had manned the outposts on the Düppeler Heights along with field guards advanced towards Sønderborg . As a result of the fighting, the 2nd Company initially had to retreat, but the company was able to turn the fighting in its favor. The 1st and 4th companies also had contact with the enemy, in the course of the battle they were able to push the Danish attackers back into the range of the naval artillery of the Danish warships. The 2nd Battalion remained in position in and around Nübel after the battle. On May 28th, the 1st and 4th Companies of the 2nd Battalion stood with two guns on outposts near the Sonderburger Heights. Two Oldenburg companies formed the reserve. At lunchtime the Danes pushed out of the bridgehead at Nübel , and the 1st and 4th Companies had to retreat. In cooperation with the Oldenburg companies, the Mecklenburg companies were able to hold their own against the surplus attacker for several hours. It should be noted here that the Oldenburg companies brought the enemy to a standstill by means of a bayonet attack. Despite further reinforcements, they had to withdraw. The 2nd Mecklenburg Battalion and the grenadiers were taken under heavy fire by the Danish troops and their gunboats. The fight in this area only ended in the night. On June 5, the German troops launched a surprise attack, the Mecklenburg battalion participated as a reserve. In the further course of the campaign, the battalion was not involved in any further combat operations, until the beginning of September the battalion was assigned the task of the outpost service.

The return march began on September 3rd, and the battalion arrived in Rostock on September 23rd.

Losses of the 2nd battalion

• NCOs: 1 dead
• Teams: 6 dead

Inland operations in 1848

Riots in Torgelow and Waren

In 1821 the "light infantry battalion" was formed, the battalion belonged to the tribes of the later formed "Fusilier Regiment 'Kaiser Wilhelm' No. 90" or the II. Battalion. In 1848 unrest broke out in many parts of the country, and the situation in Waren and Torgelow became particularly precarious. Angry day laborers who suffered from their poverty tried armed with forks and scythes to improve their living conditions. 500 soldiers, who were under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Ehrenreich von Nussbaum, the commander of the "light infantry battalion", are deployed against the up to 3,000 insurgents. Violent clashes break out, one day laborer is killed and 18 injured, some seriously. 42 day laborers are arrested, and in the following summer months there are further smaller clashes in Mecklenburg.

In Lübeck

In October 1848, the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck asked the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin for military support. The year 1848 was relatively calm in Lübeck. On April 8th the council and the citizenship of the city of Lübeck decided on a new constitution , so the previous constitutional basis of 1669 was changed. October 9th 1848 was supposed to end this calm for the time being, however, a violent demonstration broke out. Advocates of the corporate electoral law penetrated the meeting room of the newly elected Lübeck citizenship , they tried to force that the majority decide against the general electoral law. In mid-October, Lieutenant Colonel Ehrenreich von Nussbaum was sent to Lübeck with a contingent of 500 men. The Mecklenburg troops remained “to maintain security and Order ”until the end of the year in the Hanseatic city.

German War 1866

→ Main article : German war

After Mecklenburg had sided with Prussia, Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II issued the order for mobilization on June 21st . According to a contract with Prussia, Mecklenburg had to bear or provide the wages and equipment, while Prussia was responsible for catering, billeting and transporting the troops. The Mecklenburg troops were incorporated into the II Reserve Army Corps. The regiment then moved to Leipzig by rail , where the Grand Duke took over command of the II Reserve Army Corps. The Mecklenburg Association and the IV Battalion of the Prussian Guard Regiment formed the 1st Division. On July 20th, the people of Mecklenburg started moving towards the Bavarian border, which was crossed on July 22nd. Near the village of Hof they united with the IV Battalion of the Prussian Guard Regiment.

The III. The battalion advanced with a platoon of Mecklenburg dragoons against Müncheberg , which was abandoned by the Bavarian associations. The IV battalion advanced towards Oberkotzau , but it was also abandoned. The advance went on to Bayreuth , on July 28th the city was occupied by the Mecklenburg troops.

The association advanced on July 29th via Emtmannsberg to Seybothenreuth . Here the 1st and 3rd squadrons of the Dragoons encountered a battalion of the Bavarian Life Guard Regiment, after a brief skirmish, most of the members of the Life Guard Regiment were captured. Behind Seybothenreuth the retreating enemy companies occupied a wooded slope. Here, too, there was a brief, intense firefight between the Bavarian and Mecklenburg troops, which the Mecklenburgers won, the opposing soldiers were caught and captured. The III. Battalion suffered no losses in this battle. After the battle, the III. and IV. Battalion quarters in Bayreuth.

The Mecklenburg troops received orders to occupy the largest possible area of ​​Bavaria. The advance continued towards Erlangen and Nuremberg . Erlangen was occupied by the 3rd and 4th Company of the 4th Battalion, Nuremberg by the III. Battalion and the 1st and 2nd companies of the 4th Battalion. The 2nd Division arrived in Nuremberg on August 1st, so that the entire II Reserve Corps was united in Nuremberg. The ceasefire came into effect the next day, followed by the ceasefire on August 22, 1866.

The march back took place between September 1st and 7th, on September 8th the entry of the Mecklenburg Association into Schwerin took place. The participants in the campaign are awarded a war memorial on the black, white and gold ribbon.

Franco-German War

→ Main article : Franco-German War

Commemorative sheet for the officers of the Fusilier Regiment No. 90 who fell in 1870/71

The mobilization took place on July 16, 1870, on July 25 the regiment reported readiness to march. The 17th division retired from the IX. Army Corps and was assigned to the General Command of Mobile Troops in the area of ​​the I., II., IX. and X. Army Corps. On July 26th, the regiment moved towards Hamburg to fulfill the task of coastal protection there. On August 24th the regiment received orders to reinforce the containment troops in front of Metz , which were under the command of General von Steinmetz and his 1st Army. The 17th Infantry Division and the 2nd Landwehr Division were combined into one corps under the command of the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg. On September 3, the regiment moved into a bivouac south of Metz . As a result, the regiment received orders to take part in the siege of Toul . After 11-day siege of the Grand Duke is under the command of Friedrich Franz II. The surrender of the French occupation forced the more than 2,300 French soldiers go into captivity. The Mecklenburg troops captured over 30,000 small arms and 73 pieces of artillery. This mission resulted in the first losses in 3rd Company.

On the eve of the Battle of Orléans , the regiment drew with his as avant-garde set I and III. Battalion responsible for the action against the town of Lumeau , here they were able to push back and pursue the opposing troops. When there was no further danger to be recognized at this point, the march to the village of Loigny took place. At this point, a stubborn battle developed, which ended in bitter house-to-house fighting . Pioneers were used to cut passages to get from house to house. The companies that were taken into the crossfire by the opposing riflemen suffered the heaviest losses, so the advance was only possible with great difficulty. In the course of the battle there was a French counterattack on Loigny, after the battalions of Regiment No. 75 had brought up the position could be held. After this heavy battle, the regiment bivouacked in Fouegou, Loigny and Villours.

On the next morning, December 3, the 17th Division took up position at the Ferme d'Auneux ( Lumeau ), at 10 o'clock the order was given to advance on Marville ( Sougy ). From here the march was to continue in the direction of Ferme Chameul ( Chevilly ), at the height of Bourgency the commander ordered the march in combat formation. The III. Battalion was ordered to take action against the Ferme les Francs ( Chevilly ). After the losses of the previous day, the 1st Battalion was only able to provide one company and was therefore not in action on that day; it was behind the Ferme Chameul. The III. The battalion advanced in the direction of the Ferme les Francs in accordance with its instructions, and immediately before the target, the battalion was confronted with heavy enemy forces. In the wake of darkness, however, the French crew withdrew from this position, so that the III. Battalion could pursue this. As a result, on the evening of December 3rd, the Château de Chevilly was taken without a fight.

On December 4th, the 1st Battalion to cover the artillery of the IX. Army corps used, which carried out the attack on Cercottes . At 10.30 a.m. the 17th Division received the order to proceed to Orléans . At the level of the forest of la Borde there was a fire fight and fire by enemy artillery. This terrain was very confusing, difficult to take even for the infantry. The further advance was ordered over the road Châteaudun-Orléans in the direction of Orléans. To the east of the Chateaudun-Orléans road, French units launched a counterattack. Colonel von Manteuffel ordered the III. Battalion launched the attack on the left flank of the advancing enemy. The battalion went over to the attack, the surprised enemy formation withdrew towards Orléans. At Saint-Jean-de-la-Ruelle , the avant-garde met with the III. Battalion on resistance, here soldiers of a French Zouave battalion were holed up in the houses. This strategic point was also taken. In the further course of action, the first units reached Orléans, where there were multiple skirmishes with the opposing troops. After negotiations with the French generals, it was agreed that Orléans would be evacuated without a fight. After a 20-hour combat mission, the III. Battalion of the 17th Division in Orleans.

In the further course of the war, the regiment took part in further battles and skirmishes under the leadership of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II.

After the end of hostilities, the regiment was ordered to march back on March 14, 1871. The transport began on March 17th, in Sedan there was a longer stay that lasted until May 22nd. The battalions arrived in Schwerin on June 14th, followed by the ceremonial entry into the city, the Mecklenburg associations were greeted by an enthusiastic crowd. Starting from Schwerin, the return transport to the Rostock and Wismar garrisons began the next day.

The regiment suffered losses of 302 men, plus the numerous injured and invalids who were cared for at the locations in the hospitals .

On the decree of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II of June 18, 1871, memorial plaques are installed in the garrison churches of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin in memory of the dead in the campaign of 1870/71. On November 26th of the same year, commemorative services are held in the garrison churches of the country on the orders of Kaiser Wilhelm I , in memory of those who died in the campaign.

Battle calendar

(Source: Battle calendar of the Franco-German War 1870/71 , Great General Staff (ed.).)

1870

Deployment of the 17th Division, battle near Meung on the right bank of the Loire

Deployment of the 17th Division, battle at Beaugency-Cravant.

The Battle of Orléans 1870

• 0September 4th to 10th - Siege of Metz
• September 12-22 - Siege of Toul
• October 10 to November 9 - Siege of Paris (1st and 3rd battalions)
• November 17th - Dreux (1st and 3rd Battalion)
• November 21st - La Madeleine-Bouvet (1st and 3rd battalions)
• November 22nd - Bellême (3rd Battalion)
• 0December 2 - Battle of Loigny and Poupry (2nd Battalion)
• 0December 2-4 - Battle of Orléans (1st and 3rd battalions)
• 0December 7th - Meung right bank of the Loire (1st and 3rd battalions)
• 0December 8-10 - Battle of Beaugency-Cravant
  • 0December 8th - Battle at Beaugency
  • 0December 9th - Battle at Villorceau
  • December 10th - Battle of Villejouan
• December 14th and 15th - Fréteval and Morée
• December 15 - Battle of Pezou (2nd Battalion)
• December 31 - Battle of Courtalain (8th Company)

1871

• 0January 8th to 9th - advance to Le Mans
  • 0January 8 - Battle at Bibraye (2nd Battalion)
  • 0January 9 - Skirmishes at Le Luart, Duneau and Le Croset
• 0January 9 - Skirmishes at Connerre and Thoringe (1st and 2nd Battalion)
• January 10th to 12th - Battle of Le Mans
  • January 10-11 - Battle at Le Chene
  • January 12th - Battle at Saint Corneille
• January 21-30 - March to Rouen
  • January 21 - Battle near Bernay (3rd Battalion)
• from March 17th - orders to march back, stay in Sedan

Loss list

(Source: regimental list as of 1908 )

• Officers: 17 dead
• NCOs and men: 280 dead
• Missing: 5 missing persons

First World War

→ Main article : First World War

The regiment made on August 2, 1914 with his I. to III. Battalion and the MG company mobil. One day later the I. and III. Battalion with MG company relocated from Friedrich-Franz train station in Rostock to the western front in the Liège area. Shortly afterwards, the reservists were called up in Rostock, and two reserve battalions were then set up for the reserve regiment. Starting from Wismar, the 2nd Battalion is transferred to the western front. The "Reserve Infantry Regiment No. 90" is transferred to the Western Front on Aug. 22.

Battle for Liège Fortress

→ Main article : Conquest of Liège (1914)

Battle for Liège Fortress, situation map from August 6, 1914

Destroyed barricades and wire barriers in front of the Loncin tank fort after the Liège fortress was taken away

As part of the 34th Infantry Brigade, the regiment played a key role in the battles for the Liège Fortress in August 1914. The removal of the Liège Fortress was one of the prerequisites for the operational implementation of the Schlieffen Plan . The task for the 34th Infantry Brigade was to carry out the thrust towards Liège from the north. The crossing over the Maas began on August 5th, at 10.30 pm that evening the "Grenadier Regiment No. 89" and the "Fusilier Regiment No. 90" were on the west bank of the Maas. However, the 34th Infantry Brigade had to do without the descendants of the light field howitzer division. This was due to the previous difficulties in transferring the troops. The units above the 34th Infantry Brigade then took up their starting positions. The advance began on August 6th at 2.30 a.m. from Hermèe, immediately afterwards the units were received by the cannon fire of the outer works. Three companies of the regiment turned in a south-easterly direction to take away the artillery firing from that direction. It turned out that the battery is in a fort and the companies had no way of penetrating. The "Fusilier Regiment No. 90" pushed forward on the left wing of the attack unit. Heavy fighting developed here, especially in Bois de Pontisse. Due to the darkness and the weather conditions, most of the 34th Infantry Brigade came too far to the east. At dawn one realized that one was not in front of Liege, but in front of Herstal. The "Fusilier Regiment No. 90" with the III. Battalion of the "Grenadier Regiment No. 89" in Herstal , a bloody house-to-house fight developed. There was shooting from the houses and the access routes were barricaded. Herstal finally had to be evacuated again, the majority of the "Grenadier Regiment No. 89" and the fusiliers of the "Fusilier Regiment No. 90" then fought their way up to the heights of Prealle. The 7th and 9th Jäger Battalions were able to take the village of Haute-Prealle despite the flanking fire from Forts de Pontisse and Forts de Liers. At dawn, the brigade was largely scattered on the heights northwest of Herstal, these units received heavy backfire from the guns of Fort de Pontisse and Fort de Liers. In view of the situation, further action against Liège or Herstal was not feasible. The unit threatened to be destroyed, so Major General von Kraewel ordered his 34th Infantry Brigade to retreat at 10.15 am, which then took place in the next few hours. The units had to take the route between the firing forts, which led to further losses. The remainder of the units reached the right bank of the Meuse via a makeshift bridge. The "Fusilier Regiment No. 90" had lost a total of 53 men in the fighting on August 6th. The total losses of the 34th Infantry Brigade that day were 30 officers and about 1,150 men. Lieutenant General von der Marwitz had the 34th Infantry Brigade line up in the Berneau area on August 8th. From the following day, two battalions of the “Fusilier Regiment No. 90”, each with a machine gun company, are deployed to secure the Lixhe Bridge. Most of the 17th Division had been concentrated in the Mouland area and to the south-east by August 11th. On the evening of August 12th, fire from the 42 cm mortar was opened on the Fort de Fleron, and the attack on the Fort de Pontisse began at 6.45 p.m. A battalion of the "Fusilier Regiment No. 90" penetrated from the north to within two kilometers of the Fort de Pontisse, from the south the "Infantry Regiment No. 76" advanced to complete the outer works. In the following days there were further battles, which then led to the successful removal of the Liège fortress. The regiment suffered further losses when it stormed Liège.

Battle of Mons

→ Main article : Battle of Mons

After the further advance through Belgium, between August 23 and 25, the battle of Mons . The regiment was at rest on August 22nd in the Laugrenee-Mignault area, and on August 23rd the further advance into the area northwest of Maubeuge began. The IX. Army Corps had the task of covering the movement of the 1st Army against Maubeuge, for this purpose the association proceeded via the Mons-Lieu line against the north and north-west fronts. As a result of the course of the battle, fighting developed at Nimy, Obourg and east of Mons. The "Fusilier Regiment No. 90" is also used here. Two battalions were deployed on the evening of 23 August against the British positions on the heights of Villers to the south-east. The battalions were able to advance to within 500 m of the enemy position in the dark. The remainder of the 34th Infantry Brigade reached the heights south of the village via the Villers - Saint-Ghislain route without further fighting. The Mecklenburg “Field Artillery Regiment No. 60” with a position south of Villers was also deployed until dark, and the regiment engaged in an intense firefight with the opposing artillery. While the other parts of the I. Army pursued the English units, the IX. Army Corps was still in the process of securing the Maubeuge fortress.

Marne campaign

→ Main article : Battle of the Marne (1914)

17th Division, engagement on September 6, 1914, Marne campaign

From September 5th, the regiment in the Association of IX. Army corps in action in the “Battle of the Marne”. Here the regiment took part in the fighting against the French units in the area around Esternay on September 6th. The "Fusilier Regiment No. 90" was to be kept as a division reserve. However, the location made it necessary to use the fusiliers near la Roue and the northwestern forest areas. French infantry advanced here, trying to advance in a northerly direction around the outermost wing of the IX. Army Corps to include. After the fusiliers appeared, the squadrons of the cavalry regiment already fighting withdrew behind the wings of the fusilier regiment. It was no longer possible to proceed further in a southerly direction, at this point the French artillery had also discovered the movements of the regiment and opened fire. Around 3:30 p.m. the regiment therefore took up position with the 2nd Battalion on the right, the 1st Battalion and the Machine Gun Company on the left, in a line which was 500 m away from height 184 at l'Ermite (on the railway line west of Chateau la Roue). In their position the battalions were covered with violent French artillery fire, which in the evening led to heavy losses in the 5th and 7th companies. The 7th Company of the "Infantry Regiment No. 75" submitted to the 2nd Battalion. As a result, the 1st Battalion of "Infantry Regiment No. 84" arrived and extended the left wing of Fusilier Regiment No. 90 with one platoon each from 1st and 4th Company. The 1st Battalion of "Infantry -Regiment No. 84 “went on in the direction of l'Ermite and suffered heavy losses in the subsequent fighting with the French enemy.

The 10th and 12th companies of the "Fusilier Regiment No. 90" were not used in the battle; they had already been left at le Cateau on August 29th. The 9th Company was not involved either, it was assigned to secure the Leuze airport.

The operation in this area was supposed to last until September 10, then the OHL gave the order to withdraw. The association then received orders to secure the river crossing over the Aisne at Morsain. The 34th Infantry Brigade then moved from Vinly to Sancy.

Battle of the Somme

→ Main article : Battle of the Somme

As part of the 17th Infantry Division , the regiment took part in the costly Battle of the Somme from the beginning of July 1916 . The 17th Infantry Division detached the Frentz Division from its front section and moved into their positions around Barleux . As a result, there was heavy fighting in the area around Péronne and Barleux. Despite the resistance of the generic units and the fierce enemy artillery fire, the strategically important height south of Péronne at La Maisonnette was recaptured. The German associations were also able to win the battles for Barleux at this point in time.

Autumn battle in Flanders, 1917

→ Main article : Third Battle of Flanders

In the following year, the regiment took part in the battles for Flanders, in which one of the first German deployments of mustard gas occurred . The 17th Infantry Division and its regiments had to face heavy defensive battles here, which were grueling for man and material. In particular, on September 26, 1917, there was a heavy attack on the formations of the Diksmuide, Ypres and Wijtschate groups by British attack formations. The 17th Division and its regiments of the 50th Reserve Division came to the aid of the southern section of the front to repel the English attack. On the following October 4th the British attacked again in eight waves. Once again, the 17th Infantry Division and its formations are deployed as an intervention division, this time in the section of the 19th Reserve Division. Here, in cooperation with the other units of the front section, it succeeds in pushing back the English units that had collapsed over two kilometers. This also made it possible to bring the heights in the north-west of Geluveld , the western part of the Polderhoek Castle Park and the village of Reutel back under German control.

Only with the armistice of Compiegne did the heavy losses on the western front end.

Battle calendar

Contemporary representation of the Mecklenburg troops in action

Tank fort Loncin of Liège Fortress destroyed by a 42 cm howitzer projectile ( Dicke Bertha )

(Source: I. Official compilation of battles and engagements )

1914

• 0August 4th to 16th - Conquest of Liège
• August 18-19 - Battle of the Gette
• August 23rd to 25th - Battle of Mons
• August 26th - Battle at Genly
• August 29-30 - Battle of St. Quentin
• September 30th to 3rd - Battle at Château-Thierry
• 0September 4th - Battle at Vieils-Maisons-Montmirail
• 05th to 10th September --- Battle of the Ourcq
  • 0September 6-7 - Battle of Montceaux-Esternay
• September 12th to October 12th - fighting on the Aisne
• October 20 - Battle of Moulin sous Touvent
• December 21-25 - Fights in the Bois St. Mard

1915

• 0January 8-14 - Battle of Soissons
• 0June 6th to 20th - Fights at Moulin sous Touvent
  • 0June 6-16 - Fights at Quennevières-Ferme
• October 16 to November 3 - Autumn battle in Champagne
• from November 4th - Trench warfare in the Champagne west of Tahure
  • December 17th - storming the Arbre-Höhe (height 193)

1916

• February 27th - Navarine position taken
• May 27 - Patrols west of the Navarine farm
• until June 15 - trench warfare in Champagne
• June 15 to July 2 - OHL Reserve near Mézières
• 0July 5th to September 14th - Battle of the Somme

1917

Battle of Arras in April 1917

• 0January 8th to March 15th - Trench warfare on the Somme
• March 16 to April 8 - fighting in front of the Siegfried Line
• April 10th to 25th - Spring battle near Arras , near Oppy
• April 26th to May 31st - fighting in front of the Siegfried Line
• 0June 7th to 12th - Trench warfare in Flanders
• June 13th to July 30th - Battle of Flanders , “Verlorenhoek” area near Zonnebeke
• July 31 to August 6 - Reserve of the Army Group "Crown Prince Rupprecht"
• 0August 7th to September 22nd - Fighting in the Siegfriedstellung, near Havrincourt
• September 24th to October 12th - Autumn battle in Flanders , southwest of Ypres
• from October 14th - trench warfare in Artois , near Lens

1918

Gas attack on the western front, reporting dogs are sent to the rear area.

1918 retreats

• February 18th - trench warfare in Artois, near Lens
• February 18 to March 18 - 6th Army OHL Reserve
• March 19-20 - preparation for the great battle in France
• March 21 to 0April 6 - Great battle in France
  • March 21-22 - Monchy-Cambrai breakthrough battle
  • March 24-25 - Battle of Bapaume
  • 0April 5 - Battle at Bucquoy
• 0April 7th to June 21st - Fights between Arras and Albert
• July 17-25 - Trench warfare in Flanders
• July 30th to August 3rd - mobile defensive battle between Marne and Vesle
• 0August 4th to September 3rd - trench warfare on the Vesle
• 0September 3 to 18 - Fights in front of the Siegfried Line
• September 19-27 - Fights in the Siegfried Line
• September 28-30 - trench warfare north of the Ailette
• 0October 1st to 9th - defensive battle in Champagne and on the Meuse
• October 10-12 - Fighting on the Hunding and Brunhild fronts
• October 13-17 - Defensive battles on the Aisne and Aire
• 17th to 25th October - Defensive battle in Champagne and on the Meuse
• October 25th to November 1st - defensive battle in the Hunding position
• 02nd to 4th November - trench warfare on the Aisne
• 0November 5th to 11th - fighting in retreat in front of the Antwerp-Maas position
• from November 12th - evacuation of the occupied area and march back to the garrison site, demobilization

Loss numbers 1914–1918

• Dead: 2,786
• Missing: 772

In service from 1918

Call for voluntary entry into the provisional Reichswehr.

The regiment formed in 1918 only had one operational battalion, which took part in the bloody suppression of the " Spartakus uprising " in Berlin from January 8th under the command of Major Gustav Dammann in the 17th Division . The 17th Division, the 34th Division, the Guard Cavalry Division, Landesjägerkorps, Landeschützenkorps and the Freikorps Hülsen were formed in the "Lüttwitz Department" . This department was commanded by General Walther von Lüttwitz , who in January 1919 was the commanding general of all troops in and around Berlin. After the end of the mission, the battalion returned to the barracks in Rostock.

With this mission, the history of the regiment, which has existed since 1788, ends after 131 years.

Whereabouts

After the end of the war , the remnants of the regiment took quarters near Hersfeld in December 1918 . Due to dismissals that had already been carried out, it only formed a battalion. After being deployed in Berlin on January 8, 1919, the regiment returned to Rostock at the end of January, where the association was initially demobilized and finally dissolved via the settlement office there . In February 1919, two free formations formed . The "Freiwilligen Fusilier Regiment 90", consisting of I. - III. Battalion, as well as the volunteer company "Schwerin". This transferred to the volunteer hunter battalion "Schneider" of the Freikorps "Diebitsch". Both formations were incorporated into the formation of the Provisional Reichswehr . The "Freiwilligen Fusilier Regiment 90" was merged into the "Reichswehr Infantry Regiment 17", the volunteer company "Schwerin" in the 1st Battalion of the "Reichswehr Infantry Regiment 102".

In August 1919 Reichswehr Minister Noske issued the order to relocate the "provisional Reichswehr" into the "transitional army" on October 1st. The reduction in strength led to the dissolution of the Neustrelitz and Wismar garrisons.

The tradition of the "Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment" Kaiser Wilhelm "No. 90" was established in the Reichswehr by decree of the Chief of Army Command, General of Infantry Hans von Seeckt, of August 24, 1921 of the 2nd Company of the 6th Infantry Regiment in Schwerin assigned.

Assignments in voluntary associations

Members of the "Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment" Kaiser Wilhelm "No. 90" also did voluntary service in the associations of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps and the protection forces of South West Africa. During this period of voluntary service, the volunteers left the budget of the regular regiment.

Boxer Rebellion 1900

→ Main article : Boxer Rebellion

69 volunteers from the regiment registered for service in the East Asian Expeditionary Force. Among them the medical officer Dr. Zoeller, Lieutenant Stubenrauch, Lieutenant Kropatcheck, a purser-candidate, seven NCOs and a total of 58 members of the regiment from the crew. The expedition corps was set up by volunteers Emil von Lessel , who was promoted to Lieutenant General on July 12, 1900 by Kaiser Wilhelm II . The association was formed in Berlin. The transport took place between July 27th and August 4th from Bremerhaven . The volunteers were integrated into the associations of the expeditionary force. These subsequently took part in the fighting of the punitive expedition.

German South West Africa 1904–1906

→ Main article : German South West Africa

On January 12, 1904, the Herero uprising broke out in the area of ​​the protected area in South West Africa. After the attacks on the farms of the German settlers and the killing of around 150 settlers and their families, the task force of the protection forces was strengthened. Regimental members who volunteered to serve in the protection force also took part in the suppression of the Herero and Nama uprising . The officers Oberleutnant von Hagen and Leutnant von Lehsten, 4 NCOs, 2 medical NCOs and 57 men from the crew reported for service in the protection force. Two of the volunteers died during the 1905/06 campaign in the Nubis battles on May 13, 1905 and at Springpuitz on May 23, 1905.

organization

Insinuation

Russia Campaign 1812

March

• I. Army Corps
  • 4th French division under the command of General Defaix
    • Infantry Regiment (Mecklenburg-Schwerin troop contingent)

July

• III. Army corps under the command of Marshal Victor
  • Infantry Regiment (Mecklenburg-Schwerin troop contingent)

November

• Barrier guard under the command of Marshal Ney
  • Infantry Regiment (Mecklenburg-Schwerin troop contingent)

Schleswig-Holstein survey 1848

Formation of the Xth Federal Corps in the 1848 campaign

• X. Federal Army Corps
  • 2nd Infantry Brigade (Oldenburg)
    • 1st Half Brigade (Mecklenburg)
      • (I.) Grenadier Guard Battalion
      • II. Musketeer Battalion
      • Meckl. (Half) battery

German War 1866

• II. Reserve Corps
  • 1st (Mecklenburg) Division
    • 1st Infantry Regiment
      • (I.) Grenadier Guard Battalion
      • II Battalion
    • 2nd Infantry Regiment
      • III. battalion
      • IV Battalion
    • Dragoon Regiment
    • Hunter Battalion
    • Fusilier Battalion of the 4th Guards Regiment

Franco-German War 1870/71

Establishment of the Corps of the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg in the 1870/71 campaign

• Corps of the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg (later XIII Army Corps)
  • 17th division
    • 34th Infantry Brigade (Grand Ducal Mecklenburg)
      • Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Grenadier Regiment No. 89
      • Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90
      • Mecklenburg Jäger Battalion No. 14
• Field Telegraph Division No. 7

First World War

1914

(Status at mobilization 1914)

Subordination and war organization of the IX. Army Corps 1914

• IX. Army Corps
  • 17th division
    • 34th Infantry Brigade
      • Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Grenadier Regiment No. 89
      • Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm" No. 90
      • Lauenburg Jäger Battalion No. 9
      • 2nd Hannoversches Dragoon Regiment No. 16
        • Rod u. 3rd Squadron

1918

(As of May 1918)

• IX. Army Corps
  • 17th division
    • 34th Infantry Brigade
      • Infantry Regiment "Bremen" (1st Hanseatic) No. 75
      • Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Grenadier Regiment No. 89
      • Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm" No. 90
      • Machine Rifle Sniper Division 75
      • 4th Squadron Hannoversches Dragoon Regiment No. 16

structure

Subsidia Corps 1792

• Subsidy Corps
  • I. Musketeer Battalion (Colonel v. Pressentin)
    • 1st (body) company (company commander: staff captain v. Vick)
    • 2nd Company (Major von Hannecken)
    • 3rd Company (Captain v. Pressentin Senior )
    • 4th Company (Kapitain von Both)
  • II Musketeer Battalion (Colonel von Krievitz)
    • 1. (Body) Company (Company Commander: Staff Captain von Behlow)
    • 2nd Company (Major von Tornow)
    • 3rd Company (Captain v. Pressentin Junior )
    • 4th Company (Captain von Hannecken)

Russia Campaign 1812

• Contingent Regiment
  • 1st Battalion (Major von Moltke)
    • Grenadier Company (Captain von Hobe)
    • 1st Musketeer Company (Pogwish Staff Captain)
    • 2nd Musketeer Company (Captain von Lützow)
    • 3rd Musketeer Company (Captain von Wickede)
    • 4th Musketeer Company (Captain von Grävenitz)
    • Voltigeur Company (Captain von Schade)

• Contingent Regiment
  • 2nd Battalion (Major von Pressentin)
    • Grenadier Company (Captain von Spitznaß)
    • 1st Musketeer Company (Bilguer Staff Captain)
    • 2nd Musketeer Company (Captain von Elderhorst )
    • 3rd Musketeer Company (Captain von Kamptz)
    • 4th Musketeer Company (Captain von Berg)
    • Voltigeur Company (Staff Captain von Storch)

German War 1866

• III. Battalion (Major v. Mecklenburg)
  • 1st - 4th company
• IV Battalion (Major von Zülow)
  • 1st - 4th company

Franco-German War 1870/71

(Status: July 1870)

• 1st Battalion (Major von Studnitz)
  • 1st - 4th company
• 2nd Battalion (Lieutenant Colonel von Legat )
  • 5th-8th company
• III. Battalion (Major von Flotow)
  • 9-12 battalion
• Replacement battalion (lieutenant colonel retired from Zülow)
  • 1st - 4th company

First World War

The regiment was made up of the regimental staff with an intelligence platoon, three battalions, each with an intelligence platoon, and four rifle companies each.

1st - 12th company

The company had a war strength of 250 men each. In February 1915, the 13th and 14th companies were also formed. The command of the respective company was carried out by a captain , who also included a first lieutenant , two lieutenants , a regular sergeant , a vice sergeant and 8 non-commissioned officers and sergeants.

Battalions I. – III.

A battalion was formed from 4th companies, which had a military strength of approx. 1000 men. A major was assigned to lead the battalion .

regiment

From the three battalions the regiment with a war strength of about 3000 men was formed. With the leadership commissioned a Colonel , as a deputy, a lieutenant colonel .

Machine gun companies

At the beginning of the war, a machine gun company was incorporated into the regiment . In the course of the war and out of necessity, further machine-gun companies were formed, each of which was divided into battalions I. - III. were incorporated.

From 1917 a mine thrower train was incorporated. As of spring 1917, a planned field strength of 850 men was planned for the battalions, plus 130 men in the machine gun companies. In fact, the existing team strengths were well below the planned target field strength.

Armament

The Dreyse needle gun was introduced into the Mecklenburg troops in 1860. The standard side rifle was introduced in 1862. When it joined the North German Confederation in 1867, the Mecklenburg military also took over some of the Prussian equipment. The shooting training of the 19th century was based on the regulations for shooting training that were set up in the shooting instructions, which were subject to numerous changes until 1887 due to the progressive development in weapon technology at that time. The “Firing Regulations for Infantry” introduced in 1887 provided a comprehensive basis for training close to war for the first time. This also had a positive effect on the level of training in the regiment. The shooting training of the Rostock battalions took place close to the location, the 2nd battalion in Wismar used a pasture in front of the Poeler Tor.

Later, the shooting training and combat training takes place on the training grounds of the IX. Army Corps Lockstedter camp in Holstein.

From 1914 onwards, fundamental adjustments were made to the equipment of the infantry regiment during the course of the war. In 1917 the rifle companies were each equipped with five light machine guns and two grenade launchers. The machine gun companies were each equipped with twelve heavy machine guns. Mine throwers were added from 1917 onwards, these mine throwing trains were each equipped with four throwers.

Hand weapons u. Edged weapons

1872-1895

Mauser 98 model

Machine gun department in defensive position

• Firing needle rifle model M / 60 and M / 62
  • Socket bayonet for Dreyse model 1862.
• German Reichsgewehr model 1871
  • Infantry side rifle SG 1871.
• German infantry rifle model 1871/84
  • Side rifle SG 71/84
• "Commission rifle" model 1888
  • Side rifle SG 71/84

1895-1918

• Multi-loading carabiner model Mauser 98
  • SG 98 infantry side rifle, SG 98/05 side rifle, Demag 1916 dagger bayonet.
• Self-loading pistol model 1896 , model 1896/1912

Explosive weapons

1914-1918

• Ball hand grenade introduced in 1913, modified in 1915.
• Stick hand grenade with "Brenner 15" (brass firelighter)
• Egg grenade (from 1917 with zinc burner)

Machine gun companies

In 1908 the regiment's first heavy machine gun company was formed. However, it was not the first lineup of such an armed division in a Mecklenburg association. As early as 1901, the newly established “Machine Gun Division No. 9” was assigned to the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Jäger Battalion No. 14 in Colmar .

In the course of the First World War, these were increased to three companies, which were then incorporated into the battalions I-III of the "Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment" Kaiser Wilhelm "No. 90".

1908-1918

• Maxim machine gun model 1908 , modification 08/15

Light mortar 7.58 cm

Mortar departments

In the infantry regiments, the lightweight 7.58 cm launcher was mainly used, its mobility and the resulting quick change of position were of particular importance.

The light mine throwers were used to take over barrage sections, to seal off access trenches and to hold down the enemy's reserves.

1917

• Light mortar 7.58 cm
• Medium mortar 17 cm
• Heavy mine thrower 25 cm

uniform

Tabard 1788

• Tabard : blue tunic, with red collar and lapels, turned back red lapels, white vest, white trousers and black gaiters.
• Headgear : The black tricorn, made of felt, decorated with white buttons and braids.

Tabard Rheinbundzeit

The uniforms of the contingent regiment were based on the appearance of the Prussian uniform and that of the French military.

• Fusiliers : blue collar with red markings, gray trousers and black gaiters.
• Officers : silver epaulettes or contreepaulettes, gold sash with red and blue stripes.

Tabard from 1815

• Tabard : blue collar, with a double row of white buttons, red collar and red lapels, red lap trim, gray trousers in summer with a white push, otherwise red push, white buttons. Armpit flaps trimmed in red and blue. Shoes with gray gaiters. White belts, crossed over the chest.
• Headgear : shako with oilcloth cover, with a brass star, small red pompoms and white plumes. Shoes with gray gaiters, white straps that were crossed over the chest.

Tabard from 1848

• Tabard : red collar, red lapels and lugs, white armpit flaps with red number, gray trousers, spiked bonnet with state coat of arms.

• In 1864 the Austrian “Käppi” was introduced in blue with red bräm in exchange for the spiked bonnets. This was reversed in 1868, followed by the reintroduction of the field cap and the spiked hood based on the Prussian model with the state coat of arms.

Tabard from 1867

Fusilier Regiment No. 90

• Tunic : dark blue tunic with white buttons, pouceaurote collar and cuffs. Pouceau red sleeve flaps with yellow protrusion. The white shoulder flaps embroidered with the regimental number or the cipher of Emperor Wilhelm II. For officers, sash and portepee in the Mecklenburg national colors. Leather gear dyed black or black.
• Trousers : black / gray mottled trousers.
• Field cap : dark blue cloth, trim and liner pouceau-red color, on the front of the trim the cockade in the national colors, from 1897 additionally the cockade in the imperial colors.
• Helmet : In 1845 the shakos were replaced by helmets based on the Prussian design, at that time still in a high, heavy version with the angular front shield. Later models consist of black lacquered leather with front and rear visor, attachment point, brass fittings, flat brass chain. From 1887 on, helmets for teams no longer have a scale chain, this is replaced by a leather strap with a hook holder. In 1895 the fittings were made of aluminum bronze instead of brass to reduce weight.
• Gloves : for NCOs made of white wash suede, for crews gray heathered fabric, lined with white.
• Boots : leather shaft boot with an 11 to 12 inch shaft and heel iron.

Tunic field gray

• Uniform : 1909/10 gradual introduction of the field gray uniform, replacement of the colorful uniform skirt with the field gray uniform (field skirt model 1907/10). The men’s epaulets bore the red regimental number. The boots, issued in their natural color when mobilized in Aug. 1914. According to the regulations issued by AKO on September 21, 1915, these had to be blackened. The M15 field blouse was also introduced in the course of the regulations of September 21, 1915. Leather belt made of natural brown or black leather with belt lock, made of brass or nickel, with trim (Mecklenburg coat of arms). On the basis of the regulations of September 21, 1915, the Grand Ducal Schwerin regulations for changes to the uniforms of officers and men followed on May 18, 1916; these included any necessary adjustments.
• Helmet : 1915 introduction of the M15 model, gray fittings (lacquered zinc sheet) with removable tip, which was equipped with a bayonet lock. From February 1916, the troops off Verdun were equipped with the steel helmet model 1916. In 1917, the introduction of the snow cover for the steel helmet. From 1918 camouflage in ocher colors was introduced to protect privacy.

Dress code 1919

On January 19, 1919, provisional regulations on clothing for the army in peacetime were issued. The background was the deliberate departure from the old rank badges.

• Headgear : The only thing left to wear on the hats was a cockade on the trim, in the national colors. From now on all members of the army were allowed to wear peaked caps.
• Tabard : No changes were made to the uniforms.
• Dienstgradabzeichen : The pending the adoption worn insignia accounted for, were introduced makeshift insignia. These are made of dark blue cloth in the form of strips, different in width, with a distance of one centimeter between them. Depending on the rank, the stripes were worn on the upper arm or forearm of the tunic, coat or blouse. On the widest strip, officers were given the number of the unit.
• Sidearm : The short infantry sidearm model 98/05 was designated as the standard sidearm. Officers, NCOs and soldiers had to carry their side guns strapped to their belts.

These provisions were in force until May 5, 1919; other provisions followed for the “provisional Reichswehr”.

Protection troops uniform 1904

The volunteers in the Schutztruppe (Schutztruppe) associations received a corresponding adaptation of their clothing for their assignment in South West Africa.

• Tabard of the protection forces in South West Africa : for officers the white tropical suit, for NCOs and men the corduroy and the khaki suit. The collar, the lapels, the underlay of the armpits and lugs in cornflower blue. Trousers made of white fabric, cord or kaki, without strips of cloth or braids. Headgear, protection troop hat with golden braids, cockade in black-white-red. Lace-up shoes made of natural-colored leather or shoes made of canvas.

equipment

Equipment 1900

• Knapsack M / 87 with carrying frame and knapsack bag or knapsack M / 95 with carrying strap and tent accessory bag for foot troops
• portable tent equipment
• Cartridge pouch
• Bandolier with cartridge for revolver ammunition (Train)
• Cartridge for carbine ammunition
• Canteen M87 or new model made of aluminum
• Bulwark
  • Spades for infantry
  • Pickaxes for infantry
  • Field ax for infantry

Gas protection 1915-18

The gas war of the First World War began with the first German blow attack on April 22, 1915, also for the Mecklenburg soldiers. The question of protecting German soldiers now arose. For example, the so-called “Breathing and Mouth Guard Stage Ghent” was developed as the first gas protection system to guarantee basic protection, at least temporarily. This respiratory and mouth guard consisted of cleaning wool, which in turn was sewn into a garbage bag, whereby the cleaning wool was soaked in a sodium thiosulphate solution. In August 1915, the German army gas mask - with a screw-off filter - was introduced; the face mask provided protection for the eyes, mouth and nose. Finally, in 1917, the German leather gas mask - made of impregnated leather - was introduced, with an improved filter insert that also offered protection against chloropicrin and blue cross warfare agents .

Gallery uniform and equipment

• 

  Uniform musketeer from 1866

• 

  Uniform from 1885

• 

  Uniform from 1915

• 

  Fusilier

• 

  4th Comp. II. Replacement Battalion FR. 90

• 

  stood in front of the artillery depot "Lockstedter Lager"

Flags and awards

Flags

Flag of the III. Battalions

The battalion flags of the "Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment" Kaiser Wilhelm "No. 90" were kept or displayed in the armory of the Grand Ducal Arsenal in Schwerin during peacetime.

On August 22, 1904, the I., II. And III. Battalion in Schwerin new flag. The flag was nailed on the same day in the arms hall of the Schwerin Castle, after which the flag was consecrated at the Friedrich-Franz II monument.

On July 12, 1915, Kaiser Wilhelm II had the flags and standards returned to the deputy general commandos. Up to this point in time, the flags had suffered numerous damage and the flag was temporarily lost. The Mecklenburg regiments were also affected; in the fighting in Liège, the flag of the 1st Battalion of Fusilier Regiment No. 90 had to be separated from the flagpole and buried. The III. The battalion of the Grenadier Regiment was also affected, the flag was briefly lost in Liege, the flag was only found later on one of the dead grenadiers.

I. Battalion

Awarded by Duke Friedrich Franz I on June 7, 1797, the then Pressentin Regiment. Flag cloth, formerly blue, was already badly affected in the 19th century, which was a result of the flag being used in numerous battles. The flagpole was destroyed by shrapnel at the battle of Orleans on December 4, 1870 in the hands of the standard bearer; the repair was carried out on the orders of the Grand Duke in 1872.

Leadership in battle

• 1809 Battle of Damgarten against the Schill Corps
• 1812 Russian campaign (Rheinbund contingent)
• 1813–1815 Wars of Liberation
• 1848 campaign in Schleswig-Holstein
• 1866 German War, campaign in Bavaria
• 1870–1871 French campaign

The newly manufactured flag from 1904 of the 1st Battalion is now in the collection of the German Historical Museum .

II Battalion

Awarded on February 27, 1885 by Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II. Flag made of white silk, the Mecklenburg coat of arms with crest in the center. In the corners of the flag the name “FF” with an attached crown.

Leadership in battle

• 1866 German War, campaign in Bavaria
• 1870–71 French campaign

III. battalion

Awarded on June 16, 1868 by Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II. Flag partially destroyed in the 19th century. Made of white silk in the middle with the Mecklenburg coat of arms. Edges with golden arabesques decorated in the corners with the name "FF" with an attached crown. The flag was slightly damaged by gunshots on the flagpole and on the flag cloth in the Battle of Orleans.

Leadership in battle

• 1870–71 French campaign

IV Battalion

The 4th Battalion, which was set up in 1893, was awarded a new flag on July 16, 1894. The IV Battalion was surrendered on April 1, 1897. The flag is handed over to the 1st Battalion. During the First World War this flag was carried by the 2nd Battalion of the "Reserve Infantry Regiment No. 90".

Awards

• 01st battalion: commemorative ribbon with tassels Campaign 1866, campaign 1870/71 Iron Cross and Mecklenburg Military Merit Cross with associated ribbons. 1858 Awarded two ribbons from the grand ducal house. Consisting of blue silk with red stripes, on one ribbon the years 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815, 1848 and an “A” embroidered in gold. On the longer tape were the numbers 1797-1858 and the alliance coat of arms of the founder, Grand Duchess Auguste. The bow and the ribbons were framed by oak leaf embroidery, which was decorated with golden fringes. Ribbon of the war memorial 1870/71 with the golden battle clasps, awarded on September 16, 1895. On June 21, 1897, the blue-red ribbon was embroidered with golden oak leaves, the years 1797–1897 embroidered in gold, with the name “FFI” and "FF IV.".

• II. Battalion: commemorative ribbon with tassels Campaign 1866, campaign 1870/71 Iron Cross and Mecklenburg Military Merit Cross with associated ribbons, ribbons for the centenary of the regiment. The latter ribbons from 1888 were made of light blue silk, on one was the year 1788 with the Mecklenburg and Russian coats of arms, on the other the year 1888 with the Mecklenburg and Schwarzburg coats of arms. Ribbon of the war memorial 1870/71 with the golden battle clasps, awarded on September 16, 1895.

• III. Battalion: Campaign 1870/71 Iron Cross and Mecklenburg Military Merit Cross with associated ribbons and golden tassels, two golden portepee ribbons, flag ribbon for the centenary of the regiment. The latter ribbons from 1888 were made of light blue silk, with narrow crimson stripes and gold-embroidered oak leaves, on the front with the dates 1788 and 1888, at the bottom of the ribbon with the Mecklenburg and Russian coats of arms and the name "A", on the other ribbon the Mecklenburg and Schwarzburg coats of arms and the signature "M". Ribbon of the war memorial 1870/71 with the golden battle clasps, awarded on September 16, 1895.

Heads of regiments and commanders

Wilhelm II , the head of the regiment from Aug. 26, 1911 to Nov. 28, 1918

Commander Colonel Theodor von Paczensky and Tenczin

Heads of regiments

Rank	Surname	date
Major general	Diedrich von Gluer	July 12, 1788 to December 1790
Colonel / Major General	Otto Bernhard von Pressentin	Dec 10, 1790 to Sep 14, 1797
Lieutenant General	Friedrich Ludwig of Mecklenburg , Hereditary Prince	Sept. 15, 1797 to Nov. 28, 1808
Field Marshal General	Wilhelm II , King of Prussia	Aug. 26, 1911 to Nov. 28, 1918

Commanders

Rank	Surname	date
Colonel	Viktor von Jasmund	0Nov. 5, 1863 to Oct. 1, 1867
Colonel	Gabriel von Amsberg	0Oct. 2, 1867 to Oct. 9, 1868
Colonel	Rudolf von Manteuffel	Oct 10, 1868 to July 15, 1870
Lieutenant colonel	Otto von Papstein	July 16 to Aug 20, 1870
Colonel	Edmund Dejanicz von Gliszczynski	Aug 21, 1870 to March 3, 1873
Colonel	Siegfried von Tietzen and Hennig	0March 4, 1873 to April 21, 1879
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel	Robert von Doetinchem de Rande	Apr 22 to Dec 10, 1879
Colonel	Robert von Doetinchem de Rande	Dec. 11, 1879 to July 2, 1885
Colonel	Hermann von Bennigsen	July 14, 1885 to November 5, 1888
Colonel	Paul von Schmidt	0Nov. 6, 1888 to June 15, 1891
Colonel	Adolf Lölhöffel from Löwensprung	June 16, 1891 to May 12, 1895
Colonel	Carlo von Hanstein	May 13, 1895 to October 7, 1898
Colonel	Theodor von Paczensky and Tenczin	0Oct 8, 1898 to Apr 21, 1902
Colonel	Waldemar von Groß	Apr 22, 1902 to Apr 23, 1904
Colonel	Gustav von Zawadzki	Apr. 24, 1904 to March 19, 1906
Colonel	August von Stein zu Nordheim and Ostheim	March 20, 1906 to Feb. 23, 1907
Colonel	Georg von Bülow	March 22, 1907 to September 24, 1908
Colonel	Max von Buek	Sept. 25, 1908 to April 19, 1910
Colonel	Harry from Wright	Apr 20, 1910 to Apr 19, 1912
Colonel	Paul Meister	April 20, 1912 to July 31, 1914
Lieutenant colonel	Emil von Loeper	0Aug 1 to Nov 13, 1914
major	Traugott from Burstin	Nov 14-18, 1914
Lieutenant colonel	Urban Cleve	Nov. 19, 1914 to Sept. 6, 1916
Colonel	Otto von Zitzewitz	07th September to 25th November 1916
Colonel	Albert von Hahnke	Nov. 26, 1916 to Apr. 30, 1917
Lieutenant colonel	Friedrich von Massenbach	0May 1, 1917 to Aug. 18, 1918
major	Gustav Dammann	Aug 19, 1918 to Jan 31, 1919

À la suite

Rank	Surname	date
Major general	Heinrich of Mecklenburg

Literature and Sources

literature

• Paul von Wrochem: History of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90 (1788–1906). ES Mittler & Sohn , Berlin 1907.
• Max von Falkenhayn: Tribe list of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90 Kaiser Wilhelm. Beckmann, Rostock 1921.
• Otto Dziobek : History of the Infantry Regiment Lübeck (3rd Hanseatic) No. 162. First edition. 1922.
• Hans von Sodenstern: War history of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90 Kaiser Wilhelm (1914-1918). Rostock Commission, Rostock 1923/24.
• Erich Ludendorff : My memories of the war 1914–1918. Volume I. u. II., ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1919.
• Crown Prince Wilhelm : My memories of Germany's heroic struggle. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1923.
• Karl von Clausewitz : The 1812 campaign in Russia and the wars of liberation from 1813-15. Ferdinand Dümmler publishing house, Berlin 1906.
• (Ed.) Reichsarchiv Potsdam: The World War 1914 to 1918, The military operations on land. Volume I. to XIV., (Edited in the Reichsarchiv). ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1925–1944.
• Klaus-Ulrich Keubke, Ralf Mumm: Mecklenburg Military History 1701–1918. Series of publications on the history of Mecklenburg, (Ed.) Atelier for history and portrait painting, Schwerin 2000, ISBN 3-00-005910-5

Printed sources

• Mecklenburg-Magazin (MM), Little Mecklenburg Uniform Studies No. 1–39. Regional supplement from SVZ , Landesverlag- und Druckgesellschaft Mecklenburg, years 1991–1997.
• Mecklenburg-Magazin (MM), Mecklenburg military. Regional supplement of SVZ, Landesverlag- und Druckgesellschaft Mecklenburg, years 1991–1999.
• Festival to celebrate the centenary of the "Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90", program from Aug. 15, 1888, 2 pages, Verlag Adler, Rostock 1888.
• Wismar's Swedish regiments in the Northern War. In: Mecklenburgische Jahrbücher. Volume 101 (1937), pp. 101–156, digitized version: Volume 101 (1937) , accessed on September 11, 2015.
• Contributions to the regiment's 125th anniversary. In: Mecklenburger Nachrichten. No. 186–188 from 12. – 14. August 1913, Schwerin 1913.
• Festival book for the 5th Bundestag of the former Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90 from 18. – 20. June 1927.
• The imperial fusilier. News sheet of the Federal Mecklenburg Fusiliers eV

Unprinted sources

• State Main Archive Schwerin
  • Holdings: (5.12-8 / 1) 791, Military Department: Contains among other things: Expert opinion on the year the regiment was founded, formation history of the 1st Battalion of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90 from 1748 to 1867. Duration : 1882–1913.

• Wismar City Archives
  • Stock: 14.1. - (XIV.1.), 3179, military armament, national defense, recruiting: formation and billeting of the II. Replacement battalion of the Fusilier Regiment No. 90 in Wismar. Duration: 1915-1919.

• Federal Archives
  • Holdings: (RH 61/199), War History Research Institute of the Army, 2 Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War I), 2.1.1 1914, 2.1.1.2 Western Front, 2.1.1.2.3 advance through Belgium, conquest of the Liège Fortress (material collection ): Duration 1920–1932
  • Holdings: (PH 8-I / 172), infantry divisions, 17th infantry division, transcripts from war diaries and transcripts of enclosures, I. - III. Battalion / Infantry Regiment 90: War Diary, 16 Aug - 17 Sept 1918, running time: running time 1918.
  • Holdings: (RH 61/964 and RH 61/965), War History Research Institute of the Army, Group XII. (Individual writings), Fusilier Regiment No. 90. - War Participant Reports 1914–1917, also contains reports from Grenadier Regiment No. 89. Duration: 1919.
  • Inventory: (PH 23/51), governorates, fortresses and command offices of the Prussian Army, 2nd Belgium, 2.5 Liège, war garrisons in Liège. Duration: 1914.
  • Inventory: (PH 23/30), governorates, fortresses and command centers of the Prussian Army, 2. Belgium, 2.5 Liège, command center Liège. Duration: 1915–1918
  • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, 2 Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War II), 2.1.1 1914, 2.1.1.2 Western Front, 2.1.1.2.9 Autumn Campaign.
  • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, 2 Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War I), 2.1.3 1916, 2.1.3.3 Western Front, 2.1.3.3.3 Battle of the Somme.
  • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War II), 2.1.5 1914, 2.1.5.1 General Warfare, 2.1.5.1.1 War situation.
  • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War II), 2.1.5 1917, 2.1.5.1 General Warfare, 2.1.5.1.1 War situation.
  • Holdings: (RH 61), War History Research Institute of the Army, Department A, 2.1 Group I (World War II), 2.1.5 1918, 2.1.5.1 General Warfare, 2.1.5.1.1 War situation.

Web links

Commons : Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment “Kaiser Wilhelm” No. 90  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• German Historical Museum The First World War
• 100 years of the First World War
• World War I - Interactive Timeline 1914–1918
• Herstal military cemetery
• Lists of losses of the "Fusilier Regiment No. 90"

Individual evidence

1. ↑ On June 21, 1897, Duke Regent Johann Albrecht zu Mecklenburg bestowed the Loigny march on the regiment as a parade march.
2. ↑ Claus Dieter Hoppe, Cornelia Nenz, Detlef Weiss: Franzosenzeit in Mecklenburg . Hinstorff Verlag GmbH, Rostock 2007, p. 33.
3. ^ Paul von Wrochem: History of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90. 1788–1888. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1888, p. 40.
4. ^ Negotiations of the German Reichstag in 1872. Document No. 188 and 189. Accessed on September 21, 2016 . 
5. ↑ ^{a b} K. U. Keubke: Listed according to rank, the transfer of the Mecklenburg officers to the Prussian army in 1868. Mecklenburg-Magazin, regional supplement of the SVZ , Landesverl- u. Druckgesellschaft, Schwerin 1995, No. 21, p. 6.
6. ^ Negotiations of the German Reichstag in 1873. Document No. 18. Accessed on September 21, 2016 . 
7. ^ Paul von Schmidt: The career of the Prussian army. Publisher by Karl Hermann Düms, Berlin 1903, p. 301.
8. ↑ From Die Woche , No. 33, 1913
9. ↑ ^{a b c} Klaus-Ulrich Keubke, Hubertus Köbke: Mecklenburg-Schwerin troops in the Netherlands 1788–1795 . Fonts for Atelier u. History painting, Schwerin 2003, p. 11f.
10. ↑ ^{a b c d} Archive for regional studies in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg . Thirteenth year, published by AW Sandmeyer, Schwerin 1863, pp. 69–72.
11. ↑ ^{a b c} Klaus-Ulrich Keubke, Hubertus Köbke: Mecklenburg-Schwerin troops in the Netherlands 1788–1795. Fonts for Atelier u. History painting, Schwerin 2003, ISBN 3-00-010984-6 , pp. 77-81.
12. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: Summary of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908 . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 7f.
13. ↑ ^{a b c} Claus Dieter Hoppe, Cornelia Nenz, Detlef Weiß: Franzosenzeit in Mecklenburg . Hinstorff Verlag GmbH, Rostock 2007, p. 33.
14. ↑ Claus Dieter Hoppe, Cornelia Nenz, Detlef Weiss: Franzosenzeit in Mecklenburg. Hinstorff Verlag GmbH, Rostock 2007, p. 49.
15. ↑ P. von Wrochem et al. O. Heavernick: History of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90. 1788–1906. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1907, pp. 109–111.
16. ↑ Claus Dieter Hoppe, Cornelia Nenz, Detlef Weiss: Franzosenzeit in Mecklenburg . Hinstorff Verlag GmbH, Rostock 2007, p. 61.
17. ↑ Claus Dieter Hoppe, Cornelia Nenz, Detlef Weiss: Franzosenzeit in Mecklenburg . Hinstorff Verlag GmbH, Rostock 2007, p. 61, p. 69.
18. ↑ Claus Dieter Hoppe, Cornelia Nenz, Detlef Weiss: Franzosenzeit in Mecklenburg . Hinstorff Verlag GmbH, Rostock 2007, p. 61, p. 69.
19. ^ Gustav Hempel: Geographical-statistical-historical handbook of the Mecklenburg country . Edmund Frege Verlag, Güstrow 1837, p. 99f.
20. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: presentation of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." From 1788 to 1908 . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 21f.
21. ↑ Claus Dieter Hoppe, Cornelia Nenz, Detlef Weiss: Franzosenzeit in Mecklenburg . Hinstorff Verlag GmbH, Rostock 2007, p. 73.
22. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: presentation of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 22.
23. ^ The campaign in Mecklenburg and Holstein in 1813 . (Ed.) G. Reimer, Berlin 1817, p. 6f.
24. ^ The campaign in Mecklenburg and Holstein in 1813 . (Ed.) G. Reimer, Berlin 1817, p. 13f.
25. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: Summary of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 25.
26. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: Summary of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 32.
27. ↑ P. von Wrochem et al. O. Heavernick: History of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90. 1788–1906 . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1907, pp. 109–111.
28. ↑ P. von Wrochem et al. O. Heavernick: History of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90. 1788–1906 . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1907, p. 112f.
29. ↑ (Ed.) Great General Staff: Moltke's War History Works, History of the War against Denmark 1848/49 . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1893, p. 158f.
30. ↑ Adelbert Baudissin: Schleswig-Holstein Meerumschlungen War and Peace Pictures from 1864. (Ed.) E. Hallberger, Tutzing 1865, pp. 91–94.
31. ↑ ^{a b c} K. U. Keubke: For freedom in 1848 and against the revolution in 1849. Mecklenburg magazine, regional supplement of the SVZ , Landesverl- u. Druckgesellschaft, Schwerin 1998, No. 27, p. 26.
32. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: Summary of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908 . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, pp. 38-40.
33. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: Summary of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 43.
34. ↑ Gaston Bodart: Military-historical war lexicon. (Ed.) CW Stern, Vienna a. Leipzig 1908, p. 557.
35. ^ Fischer: The 17th Division in the campaign 1870-71 . F. Schneider & Comp., Berlin 1872, p. 83.
36. ^ Fischer: The 17th Division in the campaign 1870-71 . F. Schneider & Comp., Berlin 1872, p. 91f.
37. ^ Fischer: The 17th Division in the campaign 1870-71 . F. Schneider & Comp., Berlin 1872, p. 94.
38. ↑ B. Box: The entry of the Mecklenburg troops into Schwerin on June 14, 1871 in pictures and reality . Mecklenburg Yearbooks, Volume 125, Association for Mecklenburg History a. Antiquity, Schwerin 2010, pp. 251–266.
39. ↑ ^{a b c d} The great war in individual representations . (Ed.) General Staff of the Field Army. Issue 1, Lüttich-Namur , Verlag von Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1918, pp. 27–31.
40. ↑ The World War 1914 to 1918, Military Operations on Land. Volume I. (edited in the Reichsarchiv), ES Mittler & Sohn Berlin 1925, p. 112f.
41. ↑ List of names of war graves at Herstal cemetery, memorial for the fallen Mecklenburgers
42. ^ Rostocker Zeitung of Aug 14, 1914, Volume 204, Official loss list of Aug 6, 1914 of the Inf.-Regt. No. 90.
43. ↑ ^{a b c} The great war in individual representations. (Ed.) General Staff of the Field Army. Issue 5, The Battle of Mons , published by Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1919, p. 34f.
44. ↑ ^{a b c} (Ed.) Reichsarchiv Potsdam: The World War 1914 to 1918, The military operations on land . Volume IV. (Edited in the Reichsarchiv), ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1926, pp. 53–82.
45. ↑ (Ed.) Reichsarchiv Potsdam: The World War 1914 to 1918, The military operations on land . Volume IV. (Edited in the Reichsarchiv), ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1926, pp. 549–551.
46. ^ The operations of 1916: until the change in the Supreme Army Command . Volume X, (edited in the Reichsarchiv), ES Mittler & Sohn Berlin 1936, p. 361.
47. ↑ Battles of the World War, The Battle of Flanders 1917 . (Ed.) Reichsarchiv, Druck und Verlag G. Stalling, Oldenburg 1928, pp. 162–164.
48. ↑ Wolfgang Beutin: Knief or the great black bird's wings . Königshausen u. Neumann, Würzburg 2003, p. 126.
49. ^ Jürgen Kraus : Handbook of the units and troops of the German army 1914-1918. Part VI: Infantry. Volume 1: Infantry Regiments. Verlag Militaria, Vienna 2007, ISBN 978-3-902526-14-4 , p. 161.
50. ^ Law on the formation of a provisional Reichswehr of March 6, 1919. Reichs-Gesetzblatt 1919, pp. 295–296.
51. ↑ Werner Haupt: The German Schutztruppe 1889/1918 . Nebel Verlag GmbH, Waiblingen 1988, p. 49.
52. ^ Department of War History of the Great General Staff (ed.): The Franco-German War 1870-71 . Part Two, History of the War against the Republic. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1881, p. 1443.
53. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: Summary of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908 . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 37.
54. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: Summary of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908 . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 37.
55. ^ Rudolf Schmidt: General armament for the infantry . Schmid Francke u. Co, Bern 1888, pp. 67-69.
56. ^ Rudolf Schmidt: General armament for the infantry . Schmid Francke u. Co, Bern 1888, p. 89, p. 117.
57. ↑ ^{a b c} Regulations on the Clothing of Troops in Peace of April 30, 1868, Table I., (Ed.) R. v. Decker, Berlin 1868, p. 36 and p. 72-85.
58. ↑ AKO No. 735 of September 21, 1915, regarding changes to the uniforms of officers and men
59. ↑ Freiherr von den Osten-Sacken: Germany's army in war and peace uniform. PM Weber Verlag, Berlin 1916, pp. 5-34.
60. ↑ "Provisional Regulations on the Clothing of the Peace Army", Army Ordinance Sheet 1919, No. 85.
61. ^ Regulations on the use of infantry equipment M / 95, ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1899.
62. ^ ^{A b c} Günter W. Gellermann: The war that did not take place . Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Koblenz 1986, p. 34 f.
63. ^ Report of the General Command of the IX. Army Corps 29 May 1872.
64. ↑ DHM collection: inventory no. Fa 68/77 Flag Grand Ducal Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment No. 90, 1st Battalion (FR 90 / I)
65. ↑ Master list of the royal Prussian army . ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1905, p. 132.
66. ↑ Erna Keubke: Small Mecklenburg Uniform Knowledge. No. 38, only the flag remained colored, Mecklenburg Magazin.
67. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: Summary of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 93.
68. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: Summary of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 95.
69. ↑ Oskar Heavernick: Summary of the history of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Fusilier Regiment "Kaiser Wilhelm # 90." 1788-1908. ES Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1908, p. 96.
70. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 3: The occupation of the active regiments, battalions and departments from the foundation or list up to August 26, 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2413-1 , p. 232.
71. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 3: The occupation of the active regiments, battalions and departments from the foundation or listing up to August 26, 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1993, ISBN 3-7648-2413-1 , p. 233 f.
72. ↑ ^{a b} entrusted with the tour
73. ↑ Rank at the time of the à la suite position
74. ↑ Ranking list of the royal Prussian army for 1908.