Anhalt Infantry Regiment No. 93

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Anhalt Infantry Regiment No. 93

active 1807 to January 1919
Country Duchy of Anhalt
Armed forces Prussian Army
Branch of service infantry
Insinuation IV Army Corps
Former locations Dessau and Zerbst
Memorial stone on the cemetery of honor in Dessau

The Anhaltische Infantry Regiment. 93 was an infantry joined the Prussian army .

history

Snipers and gendarmes of the Principality of Anhalt-Köthen around 1840
Seal mark Anhalt Infantry Regiment No. 93, 1st battalion

The regiment traced its history back to the establishment of a joint Anhalt troop contingent by the duchies of Anhalt-Dessau , Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Köthen , which was carried out on May 22nd 1807 after the three Anhalt states joined the Confederation of the Rhine by order of Napoleon . 350 men from Dessau, 240 from Bernburg and 210 from Köthen were called up, divided into five companies and placed under the supervision of the Duke of Anhalt-Dessau. The 1st company was based in Dessau, the 2nd company in Zerbst, the 3rd company in Koethen and the 4th and 5th company in Bernburg (Saale) , the 5th company being made up of members of all three duchies. Colonel von Chambaud became the commander.

In 1807 the regiment fought on the French side against Prussia and Russia . In the summer of 1808 the unit was increased to six companies of 140 men. Including the regimental staff, the regiment now numbered 860 men. It was used from February 1809 in Tyrol against Austria and from March 1810 in Spain. The contingent used in Spain was almost completely taken prisoner at La Bisbal on September 14, 1810 and was interned partly in Tarragona , partly by the English on Mallorca and in Scotland . The last remnants did not return home until April 1814.

A few dozen returnees from Spain were incorporated into the newly established regiment in 1811, which took part in a reserve division of the Russian Army in Napoleon's campaign against Russia in 1812. As the rearguard, she secured the retreat from Vilna . Their remains were used in 1813 to garrison the fortress of Danzig, which was besieged by the Russians . The members of the Anhalt Regiment were ordered back at the end of 1813 after the Dukes of Anhalt switched to the side of the Allies.

For the autumn campaign of 1813, the duchies of Anhalt formed a 500-strong cavalry regiment (chasseurs) on the side of Napoleon, but this was broken up on its first mission.

From January 1814, Anhalt troops, a regiment formed from three battalions, took part in the war of liberation . Mobilized again after Napoleon's return, it was used again from March 1815 and finally returned to its garrisons in December 1815. After 1815, Anhalt provided a 1224-strong regiment within the German Federal Army ( Anhalt-Dessau 529 men, Anhalt-Bernburg 370 men, Anhalt-Köthen 325 men), plus 612 men in reserve. The regiment was integrated into the 2nd Division of the IX. Federal Army Corps.

In the Schleswig-Holstein War , the Anhalt military took part with two battalions , one from Dessau and one from Köthen and Bernburg. From 1854 there were one battalion each in Dessau and Bernburg, and one company each in Zerbst and Köthen, which were subordinate to the command in Dessau.

After the unification of the Anhalt states in 1863, the military was also merged into a uniform "Anhalt Regiment", which was divided into two fusilier battalions of four companies and a sniper division of two companies.

At the war against Denmark in 1864 they did not participate. In the German War of 1866, the regiment was initially used in the occupation of Torgau and Wittenberg, but then assigned to the Prussian 8th Infantry Division, with which it moved into Bavaria as part of the Main Army. It penetrated through Bayreuth to Nuremberg and stayed there until the armistice on August 2nd.

In 1867, Anhalt concluded a military convention with Prussia, through which the association was incorporated into the Prussian Army under the name Anhalt Infantry Regiment No. 93 . At the same time a III. Battalion was set up, which was assigned to Zerbst as a garrison location . The 1st battalion was in Dessau, the 2nd battalion in Bernburg. Colonel von Krosigk became the regiment's commander. In the Franco-Prussian War , the regiment was used, among other things, in the enclosure of Paris .

During the peace years from 1871 to 1914, companies were reorganized and transferred to newly established infantry regiments. In the autumn of 1898 the 2nd Battalion was relocated from Bernburg to Zerbst.

First World War

At the beginning of the First World War , the regiment mobilized as part of the 15th Infantry Brigade of the 8th Infantry Division on August 2, 1914 and was used exclusively on the Western Front during the course of the war . During the trench warfare in Flanders and Artois , the regiment was briefly subordinated to the 16th Infantry Brigade from October 29 to November 4, 1914 and was part of it from March 21, 1915 until the end of the war. At the beginning of September 1918, the association received its own MW company. During the defensive battle between Cambrai and St. Quentin , the three battalions were formed into two combat companies each. After heavy losses, on November 2, 1918, the III. Battalion. From this point on, the regiment was formed into two battalions of three companies each and one machine gun company and one MW company.

Whereabouts

After the end of the war , the regiment was demobilized in Dessau on December 22, 1918, and the 2nd Battalion in Zerbst on January 9, 1919, and finally dissolved. Parts were transferred to the Pavel Volunteer Detachment, which was deployed in the Eastern Border Guard . In March 1919, the Anhalt Volunteer Battalion was formed from other parts and the former MW company joined the Thümmel Volunteer Detachment. The latter two formations were absorbed in July 1919 in the Reichswehr-Schützen-Regiment 49 of the Provisional Reichswehr.

The tradition in the Reichswehr was adopted by the 2nd Company of the 12th Infantry Regiment in Zerbst by decree of the Chief of Army Command, General der Infanterie Hans von Seeckt , on August 24, 1921 . In the Wehrmacht , the 33rd Infantry Regiment continued the tradition.

Fragments of the legacy of the infantry regiment are in the Dessau department of the Saxony-Anhalt State Archives .

Heads of regiments

Rank Surname date
Leopold IV. Friedrich 0October 1, 1867 to May 22, 1871
General of the Infantry Friedrich I. August 23, 1876 to January 24, 1904
General of the cavalry Friedrich II. 0April 2, 1904 to April 21, 1918
Major general Eduard von Anhalt April 21 to September 13, 1918

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Colonel Ernst von Krosigk July 25, 1867 to June 16, 1871
Lieutenant colonel Alwin von Loos June 20 to November 3, 1871 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel Alwin von Loos 0November 4, 1871 to August 2, 1876
Colonel Barthold von Ditfurth 0August 3, 1876 to November 27, 1879
Colonel August Brunsig from Brun November 28, 1879 to March 12, 1884
Colonel Rudolf von Oetinger March 13, 1884 to August 3, 1888
Lieutenant colonel Florens von Heydwolff 0August 4 to November 12, 1888
Colonel Florens von Heydwolff November 13, 1888 to August 21, 1891
Colonel Ludwig von Wildenbruch August 22, 1891 to June 28, 1895
Colonel Friedrich von Kracht June 29, 1895 to April 21, 1898
Colonel Hans von Frankenberg and Proschlitz April 22, 1898 to September 29, 1901
Colonel Kurt von Sanden September 30, 1901 to April 9, 1906
Colonel Bertrand of Monts April 10, 1906 to March 21, 1910
Colonel Reinhard von Dalwigk zu Lichtenfels March 22, 1910 to March 21, 1913
Colonel Hans von der Esch March 22nd to December 7th, 1913
Colonel Louis von Arnim 0December 8, 1913 to August 26, 1914
Lieutenant colonel Gustav Faelligen 0September 4, 1914 to December 11, 1917
Lieutenant colonel Louis Sichart von Sichartshoff December 12, 1917 to January 24, 1919

Trivia

In the film Merry Christmas from 2005, it is about the Christmas peace (1914) , the 93 regiment acts on the German side. Its soldiers wore the 93 on their spiked hats.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State archive Saxony-Anhalt, Dessau department.
  2. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 2: The staffing of the active infantry regiments as well as the hunter and machine gun battalions, military district commands and training directors from the foundation or list until 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1992, ISBN 3-7648-1782-8 , p. 240.
  3. ^ Günter Wegmann (Ed.), Günter Wegner: Formation history and staffing of the German armed forces 1815-1990. Part 1: Occupation of the German armies 1815–1939. Volume 2: The occupation of the active infantry regiments as well as jäger and MG battalions, military district commands and training managers from the foundation or list until 1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1992, ISBN 3-7648-1782-8 , p. 241.